Pub Date : 2019-08-28DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2019.0401
A. Kolosov, N. Volianiuk, G. Lozhkin, N. Buniak, V. Osodlo
The purpose of the study is to identify self-reliance manifestation features among qualified athletes of different sports. Material and methods. The study participants were representatives of combat sports (boxing) n = 23, complex-coordination (gymnastics) n = 25, speed-strength (discus throw) n = 23, and also cyclic sports (swimming) n = 38. In total 109 sportsmen. The age of the respondents was from 16 to 18 years old. Comprehensive psycho-diagnostic methods diagnose self-reliance level and manifestation degree of athletes’ personal qualities. Results. The results of the study confirmed our hypothesis that athletes of various sports may experience specific features of self-reliance. It has been established that self-reliance level is higher than average for representatives of combat and complex-coordinated sports. Representatives of cyclical and speed-strength sports are characterized with an average self-reliance level. Combat and complex-coordination sports are very similar according to the specifics of self-reliance expression. Self-reliance possibility data comparison among cyclical and speed-strength athletes showed their certain homogeneity. It has been revealed that only a future activities reflection is closely related to a self-reliance among boxers (Spearman rank correlation = -.478). There are two correlations in the sample of gymnastics representatives. An increase in the overall reflection index (Spearman rank correlation = -.489) and the future activities reflection index (Spearman rank correlation = -.427) leads to self-reliance decrease among gymnasts. The inhibitory effect of future activity reflection on the athletes’ self-reliance level has been established empirically. We determined that self-assessment is a personal formation that actualizes self-reliance of swimmers and discus throwers. (Spearman rank correlation = .618). Conclusions. The handled comparative analysis of self-reliance of different sports athletes has verified its high informative value. Statistically significant differences recorded in the self-reliance level among of boxing, gymnastics, discus throwing and swimming athletes. The high informative value of used questionnaire allows recommending it as a screening tool during promising athletes selection.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of self-reliance of athletes of different sports","authors":"A. Kolosov, N. Volianiuk, G. Lozhkin, N. Buniak, V. Osodlo","doi":"10.15561/18189172.2019.0401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0401","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to identify self-reliance manifestation features among qualified athletes of different sports. Material and methods. The study participants were representatives of combat sports (boxing) n = 23, complex-coordination (gymnastics) n = 25, speed-strength (discus throw) n = 23, and also cyclic sports (swimming) n = 38. In total 109 sportsmen. The age of the respondents was from 16 to 18 years old. Comprehensive psycho-diagnostic methods diagnose self-reliance level and manifestation degree of athletes’ personal qualities. Results. The results of the study confirmed our hypothesis that athletes of various sports may experience specific features of self-reliance. It has been established that self-reliance level is higher than average for representatives of combat and complex-coordinated sports. Representatives of cyclical and speed-strength sports are characterized with an average self-reliance level. Combat and complex-coordination sports are very similar according to the specifics of self-reliance expression. Self-reliance possibility data comparison among cyclical and speed-strength athletes showed their certain homogeneity. It has been revealed that only a future activities reflection is closely related to a self-reliance among boxers (Spearman rank correlation = -.478). There are two correlations in the sample of gymnastics representatives. An increase in the overall reflection index (Spearman rank correlation = -.489) and the future activities reflection index (Spearman rank correlation = -.427) leads to self-reliance decrease among gymnasts. The inhibitory effect of future activity reflection on the athletes’ self-reliance level has been established empirically. We determined that self-assessment is a personal formation that actualizes self-reliance of swimmers and discus throwers. (Spearman rank correlation = .618). Conclusions. The handled comparative analysis of self-reliance of different sports athletes has verified its high informative value. Statistically significant differences recorded in the self-reliance level among of boxing, gymnastics, discus throwing and swimming athletes. The high informative value of used questionnaire allows recommending it as a screening tool during promising athletes selection.","PeriodicalId":19861,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48458317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-28DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2019.0403
B. Masanovic, S. Popović, D. Bjelica
Background and Study Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe anthropometric characteristics and body composition of basketball players from two competitive levels, elite and sub-elite as well as to make a comparison between them. Material and Methods: Fifty-seven male subjects were enrolled in this study, divided into three groups: fourteen elite basketball players, twelve sub-elite basketball players and thirty-one healthy sedentary subjects (subjects from general population). All subjects were assessed for anthropometric measures required for the calculation of body composition variables, using standardized procedures recommended by previous studies. Data was analyzed using SPSS and the descriptive statistics were expressed as a mean (SD) for each variable, while the ANOVA and the LSD Post Hoc tests were carried out to detect effects of each type of sport. Results: The results showed that a significant difference was found in variables height, weight, muscle mass, bone content and body fat, while a significant difference was not found for the remaining variable, body mass index. Conclusions: Therefore, these findings may give coaches from the region better working knowledge and thus provide knowledges for basketball experts which will help them to select talented players as best as possible.
{"title":"Comparative study of anthropometric measurement and body composition between basketball players from different competitive levels: elite and sub-elite","authors":"B. Masanovic, S. Popović, D. Bjelica","doi":"10.15561/18189172.2019.0403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0403","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe anthropometric characteristics and body composition of basketball players from two competitive levels, elite and sub-elite as well as to make a comparison between them. Material and Methods: Fifty-seven male subjects were enrolled in this study, divided into three groups: fourteen elite basketball players, twelve sub-elite basketball players and thirty-one healthy sedentary subjects (subjects from general population). All subjects were assessed for anthropometric measures required for the calculation of body composition variables, using standardized procedures recommended by previous studies. Data was analyzed using SPSS and the descriptive statistics were expressed as a mean (SD) for each variable, while the ANOVA and the LSD Post Hoc tests were carried out to detect effects of each type of sport. Results: The results showed that a significant difference was found in variables height, weight, muscle mass, bone content and body fat, while a significant difference was not found for the remaining variable, body mass index. Conclusions: Therefore, these findings may give coaches from the region better working knowledge and thus provide knowledges for basketball experts which will help them to select talented players as best as possible.","PeriodicalId":19861,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48200686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-28DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2019.0402
A. Krylov, A. Gorelov, A. Tretyakov
It is known that prominent world-class swimmers are characterized by the manifestation of specific abilities. These abilities allow to constantly maintain a stable speed swimming of different segments of the distance. In this case, highly qualified swimmers can increase the maximum speed of swimming on a segment of a given length. They achieve this by increasing the total external mechanical power. In this case, swimmers keep, and in some cases even reduce the power of the stroke. It is implemented the phase-specific principle of creating driving forces during each phase. At the same time, the principle of creating driving forces is common to all swimming locomotion. The article gives a rationale for the effectiveness of the integral criterion application for evaluating swimming techniques. The integral criterion for evaluating the swimming technique was applied at remote speeds of the entire spectrum of the competitive front crawl swimming program. Material . The study involved 9 highly qualified crawl-stroke swimmers, members of Russia national team. The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 24 years. It is studied the kinematic and kinetic characteristics of the front crawl swimming technique of highly qualified athletes at various competitive distances. The studies applied video recording of swimmer’s movements with OLYMPUS TG-5 camera (Vietnam) from a depth of 4.5 m. Three luminous markers located on the swimmer’s hips were applied to record the dynamic parameters of swimmer’s movements. The results of the swims were processed with Natatometry™ (Russia). Results . It was determined that swimmers demonstrated high indices of the intra-cyclic dynamic index (ICDI - Intra Cycle Dynamic Index) and the dynamic coordination index of the swimming cycle (DCI - Dynamic Coordination Index) at speeds in medium distances relative to speeds at sprint distances. Swimmers demonstrate the ability to generate a significant amount of promotional efforts at 100 m distance that ensure the achievement of high speeds. It is established that no general trends in ICDI changes in individual structural phases of the stroke. This indicates the demonstration of individual specific features in the swimming technique of each athlete. Conclusion . It is considered the feasibility of applying the integral indicators ICDI and DCI for a quantitative assessment of the intra cycle promotion forces interaction and hydrodynamic resistance forces arising at the level of an integral biomechanical system of the swimming cycle.
{"title":"Integral indicators of the swimming techniques effectiveness of highly qualified crawl-stroke swimmers","authors":"A. Krylov, A. Gorelov, A. Tretyakov","doi":"10.15561/18189172.2019.0402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0402","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that prominent world-class swimmers are characterized by the manifestation of specific abilities. These abilities allow to constantly maintain a stable speed swimming of different segments of the distance. In this case, highly qualified swimmers can increase the maximum speed of swimming on a segment of a given length. They achieve this by increasing the total external mechanical power. In this case, swimmers keep, and in some cases even reduce the power of the stroke. It is implemented the phase-specific principle of creating driving forces during each phase. At the same time, the principle of creating driving forces is common to all swimming locomotion. The article gives a rationale for the effectiveness of the integral criterion application for evaluating swimming techniques. The integral criterion for evaluating the swimming technique was applied at remote speeds of the entire spectrum of the competitive front crawl swimming program. Material . The study involved 9 highly qualified crawl-stroke swimmers, members of Russia national team. The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 24 years. It is studied the kinematic and kinetic characteristics of the front crawl swimming technique of highly qualified athletes at various competitive distances. The studies applied video recording of swimmer’s movements with OLYMPUS TG-5 camera (Vietnam) from a depth of 4.5 m. Three luminous markers located on the swimmer’s hips were applied to record the dynamic parameters of swimmer’s movements. The results of the swims were processed with Natatometry™ (Russia). Results . It was determined that swimmers demonstrated high indices of the intra-cyclic dynamic index (ICDI - Intra Cycle Dynamic Index) and the dynamic coordination index of the swimming cycle (DCI - Dynamic Coordination Index) at speeds in medium distances relative to speeds at sprint distances. Swimmers demonstrate the ability to generate a significant amount of promotional efforts at 100 m distance that ensure the achievement of high speeds. It is established that no general trends in ICDI changes in individual structural phases of the stroke. This indicates the demonstration of individual specific features in the swimming technique of each athlete. Conclusion . It is considered the feasibility of applying the integral indicators ICDI and DCI for a quantitative assessment of the intra cycle promotion forces interaction and hydrodynamic resistance forces arising at the level of an integral biomechanical system of the swimming cycle.","PeriodicalId":19861,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48977022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-28DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2019.0404
R. Nagovitsyn, A. Osipov, A. Kapustin, O. Anfilatova, S.Yu. Senator
Introduction : the problems of sports selection and selection of prospective children in martial arts schools are quite relevant in the sports practice. It was revealed the use of various selection techniques in the practice of martial arts. There is no unified methodological system for selection in martial arts schools. The purpose of the study : to determine the dependence of the dynamics of sports results of elite athletes on the procedure of sports selection (for example, the Greco-Roman wrestling). Material and methods : elite Greco-Roman wrestlers (n = 114) took part in the research. Age of athletes: 25-45 years. Qualification: International masters of sport (n = 8), masters of sport (n = 49), candidates in masters of sport (n = 57). Athletes filled out a diagnostic card with data on the procedure of sports selection. It was indicated the dynamics of competitive results during the sports career. Indicators of performance and stability of athletes were calculated applying the mathematical statistics methods ( ). The reliability of the results was determined by Student's t-test. Results : Data analysis showed that a significant part of athletes did not pass the selection procedure (n = 23). Many athletes passed only a partial selection procedure (n = 39). Some athletes did not pass the selection procedure. These athletes are not inferior in terms of stability to athletes who passed the selection at the 1st and 2nd levels of competitive results. In subsequent competitions, these athletes demonstrated the reliable (P <0.05) decrease in indicators of stability in comparison with other athletes. It was revealed a significant (P <0.05) advantage in indicators of stability among athletes who passed a partial selection procedure at the 4th level of competitive results. Conclusions : It was found the dependence of stability indicators at high levels of competitive results on the selection procedure of athletes. The athletes who passed the selection procedure demonstrate higher stability at high levels of competitive results. It was revealed a formal attitude to the selection procedure in some coaches and specialists. The trainers do not pay due attention to the indicators of maintaining body balance and coordination abilities during the selection of candidates. It has been revealed that the motor tests applied in the selection procedure do not allow an objective assessment of the potential of athletes' competitive achievements.
{"title":"Determination of the dependence of competitive results on the procedure of sports selection among Greco-Roman wrestlers","authors":"R. Nagovitsyn, A. Osipov, A. Kapustin, O. Anfilatova, S.Yu. Senator","doi":"10.15561/18189172.2019.0404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0404","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : the problems of sports selection and selection of prospective children in martial arts schools are quite relevant in the sports practice. It was revealed the use of various selection techniques in the practice of martial arts. There is no unified methodological system for selection in martial arts schools. The purpose of the study : to determine the dependence of the dynamics of sports results of elite athletes on the procedure of sports selection (for example, the Greco-Roman wrestling). Material and methods : elite Greco-Roman wrestlers (n = 114) took part in the research. Age of athletes: 25-45 years. Qualification: International masters of sport (n = 8), masters of sport (n = 49), candidates in masters of sport (n = 57). Athletes filled out a diagnostic card with data on the procedure of sports selection. It was indicated the dynamics of competitive results during the sports career. Indicators of performance and stability of athletes were calculated applying the mathematical statistics methods ( ). The reliability of the results was determined by Student's t-test. Results : Data analysis showed that a significant part of athletes did not pass the selection procedure (n = 23). Many athletes passed only a partial selection procedure (n = 39). Some athletes did not pass the selection procedure. These athletes are not inferior in terms of stability to athletes who passed the selection at the 1st and 2nd levels of competitive results. In subsequent competitions, these athletes demonstrated the reliable (P <0.05) decrease in indicators of stability in comparison with other athletes. It was revealed a significant (P <0.05) advantage in indicators of stability among athletes who passed a partial selection procedure at the 4th level of competitive results. Conclusions : It was found the dependence of stability indicators at high levels of competitive results on the selection procedure of athletes. The athletes who passed the selection procedure demonstrate higher stability at high levels of competitive results. It was revealed a formal attitude to the selection procedure in some coaches and specialists. The trainers do not pay due attention to the indicators of maintaining body balance and coordination abilities during the selection of candidates. It has been revealed that the motor tests applied in the selection procedure do not allow an objective assessment of the potential of athletes' competitive achievements.","PeriodicalId":19861,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46074699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-29DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2019.0304
L. Frolova, Yu.O. Petrenko, A.A. Tymofeev, P. Gunko, O. Okhrimenko, R.M. Khaliavka
Purpose The functional asymmetry is considered to be the basis of psycho physiological individual features of young basketball players. It indicates the dominant hemisphere while processing information concerning the precision in body movement in basketball playing technique. The research concerning the cerebral hemispheres asymmetry influence on the movement technique formation of young basketball players is still highly inconsistent. Therefore, the study aims at the determining technical readiness peculiarities of basketball players aged 12-13 with different cerebral asymmetry profiles while performing exercises with dominant and sub-dominant hands. Material 35 basketball players aged 12-13 have been tested in order to determine the type of cerebral asymmetry and technical readiness. To determine the cerebral asymmetry, the computer modified test of Stroop was used. In order to define technical readiness, three exercises which are performed using the right and left hand have been developed. Results Half of the group of basketball players aged 12-13 do not have a clear lateralization of the hemispheres: 51% of participants have symmetry of the hemispheres, 28% - the functional activity of the right hemisphere, and 20% - the left hemisphere activity. The study showed that shots of basketball players with the left cerebral lateralization are more accurate when performed with dominant hand. They prevail in the speed and accuracy parameters of passing and dribbling with both hands as well. Conclusions The many-sided nature of the interhemispheric asymmetry of basketball players aged 12-13 was determined. Its influence on technical readiness was found out. The highest level of technical readiness has been found among basketball players with the left hemisphere dominance. The lowest level of technical readiness was recorded among basketball players with the right hemisphere dominance. It was specified, that at the age of 12-13, the bimanual character of movements of young basketball players with left hemisphere dominance is being formed more actively.
{"title":"Technical readiness of young basketball players with different profile of functional asymmetry","authors":"L. Frolova, Yu.O. Petrenko, A.A. Tymofeev, P. Gunko, O. Okhrimenko, R.M. Khaliavka","doi":"10.15561/18189172.2019.0304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0304","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose The functional asymmetry is considered to be the basis of psycho physiological individual features of young basketball players. It indicates the dominant hemisphere while processing information concerning the precision in body movement in basketball playing technique. The research concerning the cerebral hemispheres asymmetry influence on the movement technique formation of young basketball players is still highly inconsistent. Therefore, the study aims at the determining technical readiness peculiarities of basketball players aged 12-13 with different cerebral asymmetry profiles while performing exercises with dominant and sub-dominant hands. Material 35 basketball players aged 12-13 have been tested in order to determine the type of cerebral asymmetry and technical readiness. To determine the cerebral asymmetry, the computer modified test of Stroop was used. In order to define technical readiness, three exercises which are performed using the right and left hand have been developed. Results Half of the group of basketball players aged 12-13 do not have a clear lateralization of the hemispheres: 51% of participants have symmetry of the hemispheres, 28% - the functional activity of the right hemisphere, and 20% - the left hemisphere activity. The study showed that shots of basketball players with the left cerebral lateralization are more accurate when performed with dominant hand. They prevail in the speed and accuracy parameters of passing and dribbling with both hands as well. Conclusions The many-sided nature of the interhemispheric asymmetry of basketball players aged 12-13 was determined. Its influence on technical readiness was found out. The highest level of technical readiness has been found among basketball players with the left hemisphere dominance. The lowest level of technical readiness was recorded among basketball players with the right hemisphere dominance. It was specified, that at the age of 12-13, the bimanual character of movements of young basketball players with left hemisphere dominance is being formed more actively.","PeriodicalId":19861,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47929453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-29DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2019.0308
R. Şeker
Purpose: This research was carried out in order to analyze elite athletes’ aim orientation, basic psychological needs and fear of failure in perspective of several variables, and to reveal the differences among these variables. Material and Methods: Sample of the research consisted of elite athletes from different branches who had been in different regions of Turkey in 2016-2017. Number of elite athletes in this research was (n=521) in total, 378 of whom were males and 173 of whom were females. These elite athletes had been chosen by random sampling. As data collection tools, Basic Psychological Needs Scale, which was adapted to Turkish by Kesici et al (2003), Fear of Failure Scale which was adapted to Turkish by Kahraman and Sungur (2016), Scale of Task and Ego Orientation in Sports that was adapted to Turkish by Toros (2004) were used in the study. Results. It was concluded that females had lower fear of “unclear future” and “experiencing shame and embarrassment” than males. It was revealed that as the age of the participants went up, their needs for relationship, fear of unclear future, fear of experiencing shame and embarrassment, and task orientation increase. It was found out that participants who had direct branches had higher “need for relationship” and “fear of unclear future” in comparison with the ones who had indirect branches. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it was found that there was meaningful difference in sub-dimensional fear of failure in terms of gender variable, in sub-dimensional fear of failure, in basic psychological needs and in aim orientation with regards to age variable, in sub-dimensional basic psychological needs and in fear of failure in terms of branch variation (direct - indirect) variable.
{"title":"Effects of elite athletes’ aim orientation on basic psychological needs and fear of failure","authors":"R. Şeker","doi":"10.15561/18189172.2019.0308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0308","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This research was carried out in order to analyze elite athletes’ aim orientation, basic psychological needs and fear of failure in perspective of several variables, and to reveal the differences among these variables. Material and Methods: Sample of the research consisted of elite athletes from different branches who had been in different regions of Turkey in 2016-2017. Number of elite athletes in this research was (n=521) in total, 378 of whom were males and 173 of whom were females. These elite athletes had been chosen by random sampling. As data collection tools, Basic Psychological Needs Scale, which was adapted to Turkish by Kesici et al (2003), Fear of Failure Scale which was adapted to Turkish by Kahraman and Sungur (2016), Scale of Task and Ego Orientation in Sports that was adapted to Turkish by Toros (2004) were used in the study. Results. It was concluded that females had lower fear of “unclear future” and “experiencing shame and embarrassment” than males. It was revealed that as the age of the participants went up, their needs for relationship, fear of unclear future, fear of experiencing shame and embarrassment, and task orientation increase. It was found out that participants who had direct branches had higher “need for relationship” and “fear of unclear future” in comparison with the ones who had indirect branches. Conclusion: According to the results of the study, it was found that there was meaningful difference in sub-dimensional fear of failure in terms of gender variable, in sub-dimensional fear of failure, in basic psychological needs and in aim orientation with regards to age variable, in sub-dimensional basic psychological needs and in fear of failure in terms of branch variation (direct - indirect) variable.","PeriodicalId":19861,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44441372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-29DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2019.0302
I. Bodnar, A. Hamade
Background. Heeding the experience of existing research will allow designing future scientific research. This will increase physical activitу (PA), improve physical fitness, maintenance and improvement of health of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD); assist implementation of inclusion in the educational institutions of the country. Purpose - to analyze the content of physical education programs used in attracting children with autism spectrum disorder to physical activity and to find out domains of indicators that should be investigated. Participants and setting. The analysis of scientific articles for 2000-2019 years was done, 48 publications were selected. Research design. A systematic search for scientific data was conducted, articles that were not related to physical activity were not taken into consideration. The search depth was 3 generations. Data collection. The search of documents was carried out in different databases using keywords «autism», «ASD», «physical activity», «fitness». Articles that studied the effect of different means (lesson programs) on the performance of children with ASD were chosen. More than 100 English-language papers for the last 20 years were analyzed. Data analysis. A content analysis of received data was conducted. The reliability of the differences between the frequency of study of aggregates of indicators was clarified using χ-test. Findings. Scientists, studying the impact of programs of PA on children with ASD, often focus on disruptive behavioral models (31%) of these children and on their indicators of physical fitness and motor skills (35%). Most studies analize the effects of a program using one type of PA. Conclusions. Among the existing research, there is a lack of multidimensional and multimodal programs that would combine effective means of PA. The frequency of communication and cognitive performance research (12% and 10% respectively) significantly (p<0.05) lags behind the research of frequency of physical and behavioral indicators in children with ASD (35% and 31% respectively). there is a lack of research that would study different groups of indicators (physical, cognitive and indicators of problem areas of children with ASD, behavioral and communicative) together.
{"title":"The effect of physical activity interventions on development of children with autism spectrum disorder. content-analysis of researches","authors":"I. Bodnar, A. Hamade","doi":"10.15561/18189172.2019.0302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0302","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Heeding the experience of existing research will allow designing future scientific research. This will increase physical activitу (PA), improve physical fitness, maintenance and improvement of health of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD); assist implementation of inclusion in the educational institutions of the country. Purpose - to analyze the content of physical education programs used in attracting children with autism spectrum disorder to physical activity and to find out domains of indicators that should be investigated. Participants and setting. The analysis of scientific articles for 2000-2019 years was done, 48 publications were selected. Research design. A systematic search for scientific data was conducted, articles that were not related to physical activity were not taken into consideration. The search depth was 3 generations. Data collection. The search of documents was carried out in different databases using keywords «autism», «ASD», «physical activity», «fitness». Articles that studied the effect of different means (lesson programs) on the performance of children with ASD were chosen. More than 100 English-language papers for the last 20 years were analyzed. Data analysis. A content analysis of received data was conducted. The reliability of the differences between the frequency of study of aggregates of indicators was clarified using χ-test. Findings. Scientists, studying the impact of programs of PA on children with ASD, often focus on disruptive behavioral models (31%) of these children and on their indicators of physical fitness and motor skills (35%). Most studies analize the effects of a program using one type of PA. Conclusions. Among the existing research, there is a lack of multidimensional and multimodal programs that would combine effective means of PA. The frequency of communication and cognitive performance research (12% and 10% respectively) significantly (p<0.05) lags behind the research of frequency of physical and behavioral indicators in children with ASD (35% and 31% respectively). there is a lack of research that would study different groups of indicators (physical, cognitive and indicators of problem areas of children with ASD, behavioral and communicative) together.","PeriodicalId":19861,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45305929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-29DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2019.0306
Syed Zia ul Islam, Salahuddin Khan, Alamgir Khan, Samiullah Khan
Background : In Pakistan, the performance of the university athletes is not satisfactory with reference to preparedness for such kind of athletes to compete in international level. Therefore, this study intends to focus upon the role of proper coaching and training as factor in the production and preparedness of university level athletes to participate at international level sports. Purpose: The main purpose of the current study was to investigate the existence of coaching and training as factor influencing sport participation and performance of the athletes at universities level. Material : The total 671 athletes and 31 director sports were selected from both public and private sector universities as sample through random sampling technique. Data was collected through Self-administered, Likert type questionnaire. Results: Our results revealed that improper coaching and training affect sport performance of the athletes both in public and in private sector universities. Furthermore, the influence of coaching and training were found more at private sector universities in comparison with public sector universities. Also, there were no significant gender-wise (male, female) as well as category-wise (director sports, athletes) responsive differences were observed. Conclusion: It was concluded that improper coaching and deficit facilities, lack of responsible coaching, negative reinforcement and unavailability of trained coaches negatively affect the sports performance of athletes. In addition, insulting, shouting, verbal abusing of coaches and trainers, as well as discrimination and nepotism hinder sports activities at universities.
{"title":"Coaching and training as influential factor, affecting sport at universities level","authors":"Syed Zia ul Islam, Salahuddin Khan, Alamgir Khan, Samiullah Khan","doi":"10.15561/18189172.2019.0306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0306","url":null,"abstract":"Background : In Pakistan, the performance of the university athletes is not satisfactory with reference to preparedness for such kind of athletes to compete in international level. Therefore, this study intends to focus upon the role of proper coaching and training as factor in the production and preparedness of university level athletes to participate at international level sports. Purpose: The main purpose of the current study was to investigate the existence of coaching and training as factor influencing sport participation and performance of the athletes at universities level. Material : The total 671 athletes and 31 director sports were selected from both public and private sector universities as sample through random sampling technique. Data was collected through Self-administered, Likert type questionnaire. Results: Our results revealed that improper coaching and training affect sport performance of the athletes both in public and in private sector universities. Furthermore, the influence of coaching and training were found more at private sector universities in comparison with public sector universities. Also, there were no significant gender-wise (male, female) as well as category-wise (director sports, athletes) responsive differences were observed. Conclusion: It was concluded that improper coaching and deficit facilities, lack of responsible coaching, negative reinforcement and unavailability of trained coaches negatively affect the sports performance of athletes. In addition, insulting, shouting, verbal abusing of coaches and trainers, as well as discrimination and nepotism hinder sports activities at universities.","PeriodicalId":19861,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44415582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-29DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2019.0307
G. Özen, Ö. Atar, H. Koç
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between the digit ratios and freestyle swimming performance of adolescent well-trained swimmers. Material and Methods: Twenty-two well-trained male swimmers who had at least 3 years of swim training experience were recruited as participants. The participants’ mean age was 14.1±1.5 years, body height was 164.5±11.3 cm, and body mass was 54.4±11.2 kg. Participants’ body height, mass, index finger (2D) and ring finger (4D) lengths were measured and digit ratio (2D:4D) and body mass index of participants was calculated. To determine the swimming performance of participants, the short (50m and 100m) and middle (200m and 400m) distance freestyle time-trial swimming tests were performed on participants. The association between the 2D:4D ratio and the swimming performance were determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results. Our findings indicated that there were strong negative correlations (r > .50) between the mean of BMI and swimming times of adolescent swimmers. ( p > .05 ). However, result of this study revealed no relationship between the digit ratio (2D:4D) and swimming performance in adolescent swimmers. ( p > .05 ). Conclusion. As a result, it may be stated that the 2D:4D ratio of swimmers is not a major parameter in predicting swimming performance for adolescent swimmers.
{"title":"Digit ratio (2D:4D): relationship with freestyle swimming performance of adolescent well-trained swimmers","authors":"G. Özen, Ö. Atar, H. Koç","doi":"10.15561/18189172.2019.0307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0307","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between the digit ratios and freestyle swimming performance of adolescent well-trained swimmers. Material and Methods: Twenty-two well-trained male swimmers who had at least 3 years of swim training experience were recruited as participants. The participants’ mean age was 14.1±1.5 years, body height was 164.5±11.3 cm, and body mass was 54.4±11.2 kg. Participants’ body height, mass, index finger (2D) and ring finger (4D) lengths were measured and digit ratio (2D:4D) and body mass index of participants was calculated. To determine the swimming performance of participants, the short (50m and 100m) and middle (200m and 400m) distance freestyle time-trial swimming tests were performed on participants. The association between the 2D:4D ratio and the swimming performance were determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results. Our findings indicated that there were strong negative correlations (r > .50) between the mean of BMI and swimming times of adolescent swimmers. ( p > .05 ). However, result of this study revealed no relationship between the digit ratio (2D:4D) and swimming performance in adolescent swimmers. ( p > .05 ). Conclusion. As a result, it may be stated that the 2D:4D ratio of swimmers is not a major parameter in predicting swimming performance for adolescent swimmers.","PeriodicalId":19861,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43541803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-29DOI: 10.15561/18189172.2019.0305
O. Huseyin
Background and Study Aim: This study aims to investigate the impact of sports training on basic motor skills of children with autism. Material and Methods: The study included sixteen children with autism who were aged between 12-16 years. The study aims to present the difference between basic motor skills of children with autism before sports training and after taking sports training for 12 weeks. The study was conducted in experimental design and compared values before and after sports training. SPSS 23.0 statistics program was used to perform statistical assessment of the data. The non-parametric Wilcoxon test was used for intragroup changes of fine and gross motor development, balance, life skills and self-care test data in the test battery. Results: At the end of a 12-week study, positive developments were observed in balance, catching, skipping, basic gymnastics, and some psychomotor and life skills, while no significant difference was observed in throwing skills. Based on daily life generalization, it can be said that the learned skills positively contribute to life standards of individuals with autism. Conclusions: The study results show that exercise programs also develop the physical fitness levels of children with autism. At the end of a 12-week sports training, a positive development was seen in basic motor skills and life skills. It is thought that useful results can be obtained with such exercise programs.
{"title":"The impact of sport activities on basic motor skills of children with autism","authors":"O. Huseyin","doi":"10.15561/18189172.2019.0305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0305","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Study Aim: This study aims to investigate the impact of sports training on basic motor skills of children with autism. Material and Methods: The study included sixteen children with autism who were aged between 12-16 years. The study aims to present the difference between basic motor skills of children with autism before sports training and after taking sports training for 12 weeks. The study was conducted in experimental design and compared values before and after sports training. SPSS 23.0 statistics program was used to perform statistical assessment of the data. The non-parametric Wilcoxon test was used for intragroup changes of fine and gross motor development, balance, life skills and self-care test data in the test battery. Results: At the end of a 12-week study, positive developments were observed in balance, catching, skipping, basic gymnastics, and some psychomotor and life skills, while no significant difference was observed in throwing skills. Based on daily life generalization, it can be said that the learned skills positively contribute to life standards of individuals with autism. Conclusions: The study results show that exercise programs also develop the physical fitness levels of children with autism. At the end of a 12-week sports training, a positive development was seen in basic motor skills and life skills. It is thought that useful results can be obtained with such exercise programs.","PeriodicalId":19861,"journal":{"name":"Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45725356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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