R. Ajay Rakkesh, P. N. Blessy Rebecca, T. B. Naveen, D. Durgalakshmi, S. Balakumar
Abstract Twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) has emerged as a fascinating research frontier in condensed matter physics and materials science. This review article comprehensively overviews recent advances and future perspectives in studying TBG. The challenges associated with fabricating and characterizing TBG structures, including precise control of the twist angle and accurate determination of electronic properties, are discussed. Furthermore, the intriguing phenomena observed in TBG, such as superconductivity, insulating phases, and correlated electron states, shedding light on their underlying mechanisms, are explored. Scalability and device integration of TBG are explored, along with potential engineering strategies to tailor its properties for specific applications. By synthesizing and analyzing the latest scientific reports, a roadmap for further research is provided and the promising prospects for TBG are highlighted.
{"title":"Twisted Bilayer Graphene: A Journey Through Recent Advances and Future Perspectives","authors":"R. Ajay Rakkesh, P. N. Blessy Rebecca, T. B. Naveen, D. Durgalakshmi, S. Balakumar","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202300125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202300125","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) has emerged as a fascinating research frontier in condensed matter physics and materials science. This review article comprehensively overviews recent advances and future perspectives in studying TBG. The challenges associated with fabricating and characterizing TBG structures, including precise control of the twist angle and accurate determination of electronic properties, are discussed. Furthermore, the intriguing phenomena observed in TBG, such as superconductivity, insulating phases, and correlated electron states, shedding light on their underlying mechanisms, are explored. Scalability and device integration of TBG are explored, along with potential engineering strategies to tailor its properties for specific applications. By synthesizing and analyzing the latest scientific reports, a roadmap for further research is provided and the promising prospects for TBG are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136013582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lyudmyla O. Vretik, Yuriy V. Noskov, Oksana M. Chepurna, Nikolay A. Ogurtsov, Olena A. Nikolaeva, Andrii I. Marynin, Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy, Alexander A. Pud
Abstract The ability of stimuli‐responsive materials to respond to external stimuli depends on their intra‐ and intermolecular interactions, which, in turn, are governed by changes in the material composition. Here, the importance of these factors for new heat and light‐sensitive latexes of core‐shell nanoparticles is reported with the polystyrene core, the poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) shell containing doped poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). It is found that hydrogen bonding, C═O─π aromatic, hydrophilic‐hydrophobic interactions in the shell cause conformational changes in PNIPAM similar to those occurring in the PNIPAM coil‐globule transition. Depending on the EDOT:PS@PNIPAM feed ratio and the PEDOT content in PNIPAM shells, these interactions and changes affect nanoparticle sizes and are responsible for shifting the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM in the shell from 32.1 to 33.9 °C. The core‐shell morphology of nanoparticles is maintained only for latexes with EDOT feed to ≈9 wt.%. At the higher EDOT content, PNIPAM shells are destroyed. Synthesized PS@PNIPAM‐PEDOT latexes demonstrate temperature‐dependent behavior and produce a photothermal effect under NIR irradiation, which allows for a rise of their temperature above LCST. This dual stimuli (heat and light) responsiveness suggests an important possibility for these latexes to be used for drug or diagnostic agent delivery.
{"title":"Dual Stimuli‐Responsive Ternary Core‐Shell Polystyrene@Pnipam‐Pedot Latexes","authors":"Lyudmyla O. Vretik, Yuriy V. Noskov, Oksana M. Chepurna, Nikolay A. Ogurtsov, Olena A. Nikolaeva, Andrii I. Marynin, Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy, Alexander A. Pud","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202300096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202300096","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The ability of stimuli‐responsive materials to respond to external stimuli depends on their intra‐ and intermolecular interactions, which, in turn, are governed by changes in the material composition. Here, the importance of these factors for new heat and light‐sensitive latexes of core‐shell nanoparticles is reported with the polystyrene core, the poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) shell containing doped poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). It is found that hydrogen bonding, C═O─π aromatic, hydrophilic‐hydrophobic interactions in the shell cause conformational changes in PNIPAM similar to those occurring in the PNIPAM coil‐globule transition. Depending on the EDOT:PS@PNIPAM feed ratio and the PEDOT content in PNIPAM shells, these interactions and changes affect nanoparticle sizes and are responsible for shifting the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PNIPAM in the shell from 32.1 to 33.9 °C. The core‐shell morphology of nanoparticles is maintained only for latexes with EDOT feed to ≈9 wt.%. At the higher EDOT content, PNIPAM shells are destroyed. Synthesized PS@PNIPAM‐PEDOT latexes demonstrate temperature‐dependent behavior and produce a photothermal effect under NIR irradiation, which allows for a rise of their temperature above LCST. This dual stimuli (heat and light) responsiveness suggests an important possibility for these latexes to be used for drug or diagnostic agent delivery.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136013289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01Epub Date: 2023-09-05DOI: 10.1002/ppsc.202300043
Shunping Han, Khuloud T Al-Jamal
Synthesizing gold nanorods (AuNRs) by seed-mediated growth method results in the presence of undesired size and shape particles by-products occupying 10-90% of the population. In this study, AuNRs are synthesized by the seed-mediated growth method using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant. AuNRs with redshifted longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance (LLSPR) peak, localized in the biological "transparency window" (650-1350 nm), are synthesized after optimizing seed solution, silver nitrate solution, and hydrochloric acid solution volumes, based on the published protocols. A two-step purification method, dialysis followed by centrifugation, is applied to remove excess CTAB and collect LLSPR-redshifted AuNRs with high rod purity (>90%). CTAB is subsequently exchanged with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve AuNRs biocompatibility. PEGylated AuNRs are confirmed innocuous to both SN4741 cells and B16F10 cells by the modified MTT assay and the modified lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay up to 1 nm and 24 h incubation. In this study, a combined facile synthesis, purification, and surface functionalization approach is proposed to obtain water-dispersible monodispersed AuNRs for drug delivery applications.
{"title":"Combined Facile Synthesis, Purification, and Surface Functionalization Approach Yields Monodispersed Gold Nanorods for Drug Delivery Applications.","authors":"Shunping Han, Khuloud T Al-Jamal","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202300043","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ppsc.202300043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synthesizing gold nanorods (AuNRs) by seed-mediated growth method results in the presence of undesired size and shape particles by-products occupying 10-90% of the population. In this study, AuNRs are synthesized by the seed-mediated growth method using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant. AuNRs with redshifted longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance (LLSPR) peak, localized in the biological \"transparency window\" (650-1350 nm), are synthesized after optimizing seed solution, silver nitrate solution, and hydrochloric acid solution volumes, based on the published protocols. A two-step purification method, dialysis followed by centrifugation, is applied to remove excess CTAB and collect LLSPR-redshifted AuNRs with high rod purity (>90%). CTAB is subsequently exchanged with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to improve AuNRs biocompatibility. PEGylated AuNRs are confirmed innocuous to both SN4741 cells and B16F10 cells by the modified MTT assay and the modified lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay up to 1 nm and 24 h incubation. In this study, a combined facile synthesis, purification, and surface functionalization approach is proposed to obtain water-dispersible monodispersed AuNRs for drug delivery applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10777591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49231678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Particle & Particle Systems CharacterizationVolume 40, Issue 10 2370019 Cover PictureFree Access (Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 10/2023) First published: 17 October 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202370019AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Graphical Abstract Cover image provided courtesy of Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy, Junle Qu, Anderson S. L. Gome, and co-workers. Volume40, Issue10October 20232370019 RelatedInformation
粒子和粒子系统特性第40卷，第10期2370019封面图片免费访问(部分)部分。系统。字符10/2023)首次发布:2023年10月17日https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202370019AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare给予accessShare全文accessShare全文accessShare请查看我们的使用条款和条件，并勾选下面的复选框共享文章的全文版本。我已经阅读并接受了Wiley在线图书馆使用共享链接的条款和条件，请使用下面的链接与您的朋友和同事分享本文的全文版本。学习更多的知识。图片摘要封面图片由Tymish Y. ohulchansky, Junle Qu, Anderson S. L. Gome及其同事提供。卷40,Issue10October 20232370019相关信息
{"title":"(Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 10/2023)","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202370019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202370019","url":null,"abstract":"Particle & Particle Systems CharacterizationVolume 40, Issue 10 2370019 Cover PictureFree Access (Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 10/2023) First published: 17 October 2023 https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202370019AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Graphical Abstract Cover image provided courtesy of Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy, Junle Qu, Anderson S. L. Gome, and co-workers. Volume40, Issue10October 20232370019 RelatedInformation","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135810845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agnieszka Ciemięga, Katarzyna Maresz, Michał Romaszewski, Przemysław Głomb, Paulina Krupska‐Wolas, Krystian Prusik
Abstract Herein, the feasibility of using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) for fast and non‐destructive size estimation of supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is demonstrated. NPs of different sizes in the range of 2–12 nm in diameter are deposited onto silica supports with various pore structure. The NPs sizes are determined on the basis of TEM images. Data from HSI and UV–vis spectra, i.e., the location of the reflectance minimum and absorption maximum, respectively, are compared, and good agreement is obtained. Thus, it is shown that the hyperspectral camera can be an effective tool to characterize the size of gold NPs deposited on a porous supports.
{"title":"Hyperspectral Imaging as a Facile and Non‐Destructive Method for Size Analysis of Gold Nanoparticles Deposited on Porous Materials","authors":"Agnieszka Ciemięga, Katarzyna Maresz, Michał Romaszewski, Przemysław Głomb, Paulina Krupska‐Wolas, Krystian Prusik","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202200204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202200204","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Herein, the feasibility of using hyperspectral imaging (HSI) for fast and non‐destructive size estimation of supported gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is demonstrated. NPs of different sizes in the range of 2–12 nm in diameter are deposited onto silica supports with various pore structure. The NPs sizes are determined on the basis of TEM images. Data from HSI and UV–vis spectra, i.e., the location of the reflectance minimum and absorption maximum, respectively, are compared, and good agreement is obtained. Thus, it is shown that the hyperspectral camera can be an effective tool to characterize the size of gold NPs deposited on a porous supports.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135436454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Europium‐doped yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ ) is one of the main red‐emitting luminescent materials currently used in light‐emitting devices owing to its high luminous efficiency, high color purity, and other excellent optical characteristics. However, Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ is hydrophilic, which is a major obstacle to its long‐term application in high‐humidity outdoor environments. Hydrophobic modification is a viable solution to this problem, and can give Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ many excellent properties and functions, such as self‐cleaning ability, anti‐static performance, oil/water separation functions, and corrosion resistance. This study reports the preparation of hydrophobic Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ particles modified with nonfluorinated alkyl silanes. Several influencing factors, including the length of the carbon chain in the silane coupling agent, the pH value of the reaction system, the reaction temperature, and the ratio of reactants, on the hydrophobicity of the prepared samples are studied in detail, and the optimal conditions are determined. A superhydrophobic Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ material with a water contact angle of 151.6° is finally obtained. Moreover, FTIR, TG, SEM, XPS, XRD, and PL are used to explore the mechanism of the hydrophobic modification and the structural and fluorescence performance changes imparted by this modification.
{"title":"Hydrophobic Modification of Spherical Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:Eu<sup>3+</sup> Powder Using Nonfluorinated Alkyl Silanes","authors":"Runzi Zhou, Cheng Wen, Haijun Xu, Zenghui Qiu, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202300044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202300044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Europium‐doped yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ ) is one of the main red‐emitting luminescent materials currently used in light‐emitting devices owing to its high luminous efficiency, high color purity, and other excellent optical characteristics. However, Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ is hydrophilic, which is a major obstacle to its long‐term application in high‐humidity outdoor environments. Hydrophobic modification is a viable solution to this problem, and can give Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ many excellent properties and functions, such as self‐cleaning ability, anti‐static performance, oil/water separation functions, and corrosion resistance. This study reports the preparation of hydrophobic Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ particles modified with nonfluorinated alkyl silanes. Several influencing factors, including the length of the carbon chain in the silane coupling agent, the pH value of the reaction system, the reaction temperature, and the ratio of reactants, on the hydrophobicity of the prepared samples are studied in detail, and the optimal conditions are determined. A superhydrophobic Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ material with a water contact angle of 151.6° is finally obtained. Moreover, FTIR, TG, SEM, XPS, XRD, and PL are used to explore the mechanism of the hydrophobic modification and the structural and fluorescence performance changes imparted by this modification.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135742167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonas Drewes, Nanda Perdana, Kevin Rogall, Torge Hartig, Marie Elis, Ulrich Schürmann, Felix Pohl, Moheb Abdelaziz, Thomas Strunskus, Lorenz Kienle, Mady Elbahri, Franz Faupel, Carsten Rockstuhl, Alexander Vahl
Abstract The efficient conversion of solar energy to heat is a prime challenge for solar thermal absorbers, and various material classes and device concepts are discussed. One exciting class of solar thermal absorbers are plasmonic broadband absorbers that rely on light absorption thanks to plasmonic resonances sustained in metallic nanoparticles. This work focuses on Cu/Al 2 O 3 plasmonic absorbers, which consist of a thin film stack of a metallic Cu‐mirror, a dielectric Al 2 O 3 spacer, and an Al 2 O 3 /Cu‐nanoparticle nanocomposite. This work explores two preparation routes for the Al 2 O 3 /Cu‐nanoparticle nanocomposite, which rely on the self‐organization of Cu nanoparticles from sputtered atoms, either in the gas phase (i.e., via gas aggregation source) or on the thin film surface (i.e., via simultaneous co‐sputtering). While in either case, Cu‐Al 2 O 3 ‐Al 2 O 3 /Cu absorbers with a low reflectivity over a broad wavelength regime are obtained, the simultaneous co‐sputtering approach enabled better control over the film roughness and showed excellent agreement with dedicated simulations of the optical properties of the plasmonic absorber using a multi‐scale modeling approach. Upon variation of the thickness and filling factor of the Al 2 O 3 /Cu nanocomposite layer, the optical properties of the plasmonic absorbers are tailored, reaching an integrated reflectance down to 0.17 (from 250 to 1600 nm).
{"title":"Co‐sputtering of A Thin Film Broadband Absorber Based on Self‐Organized Plasmonic Cu Nanoparticles","authors":"Jonas Drewes, Nanda Perdana, Kevin Rogall, Torge Hartig, Marie Elis, Ulrich Schürmann, Felix Pohl, Moheb Abdelaziz, Thomas Strunskus, Lorenz Kienle, Mady Elbahri, Franz Faupel, Carsten Rockstuhl, Alexander Vahl","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202300102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202300102","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The efficient conversion of solar energy to heat is a prime challenge for solar thermal absorbers, and various material classes and device concepts are discussed. One exciting class of solar thermal absorbers are plasmonic broadband absorbers that rely on light absorption thanks to plasmonic resonances sustained in metallic nanoparticles. This work focuses on Cu/Al 2 O 3 plasmonic absorbers, which consist of a thin film stack of a metallic Cu‐mirror, a dielectric Al 2 O 3 spacer, and an Al 2 O 3 /Cu‐nanoparticle nanocomposite. This work explores two preparation routes for the Al 2 O 3 /Cu‐nanoparticle nanocomposite, which rely on the self‐organization of Cu nanoparticles from sputtered atoms, either in the gas phase (i.e., via gas aggregation source) or on the thin film surface (i.e., via simultaneous co‐sputtering). While in either case, Cu‐Al 2 O 3 ‐Al 2 O 3 /Cu absorbers with a low reflectivity over a broad wavelength regime are obtained, the simultaneous co‐sputtering approach enabled better control over the film roughness and showed excellent agreement with dedicated simulations of the optical properties of the plasmonic absorber using a multi‐scale modeling approach. Upon variation of the thickness and filling factor of the Al 2 O 3 /Cu nanocomposite layer, the optical properties of the plasmonic absorbers are tailored, reaching an integrated reflectance down to 0.17 (from 250 to 1600 nm).","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tina Friedenauer, Kim Buck, Maike Eberwein, Anna‐Lena Bünte, Christoph Rehbock, Stephan Barcikowski
Abstract One challenge in the development of new drug formulations is overcoming their low solubility in relevant aqueous media. Reducing the particle size of drug powders to a few hundred nanometers is a well‐known method that leads to an increase in solubility due to an elevated total surface area. However, state‐of‐the‐art comminution techniques like cryo‐milling suffer from degradation and contamination of the drugs, particularly when sub‐micrometer diameters are aspired that require long processing times. In this work, picosecond‐pulsed laser fragmentation in liquids (LFL) of dispersed drug particles in a liquid‐jet passage reactor is used as a wear‐free comminution technique using the hydrophobic oral model drugs naproxen, prednisolone, ketoconazole, and megestrol acetate. Particle size and morphology of the drug particles are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and changes in particle size distributions upon irradiation are quantified using an analytical centrifuge. The findings highlight the superior fragmentation efficiency of the liquid‐jet passage reactor setup, with a 100 times higher fraction of submicrometer particles (SMP) of the drugs compared to the batch control, which enhances solubility and goes along with minimal chemical degradation (<1%), determined by attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR), high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, the underlying predominantly photo‐mechanically induced laser fragmentation mechanisms of organic microparticles (MP) are discussed.
{"title":"Efficient Synthesis of Submicrometer‐Sized Active Pharmaceuticals by Laser Fragmentation in a Liquid‐Jet Passage Reactor with Minimum Degradation","authors":"Tina Friedenauer, Kim Buck, Maike Eberwein, Anna‐Lena Bünte, Christoph Rehbock, Stephan Barcikowski","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202300034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202300034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One challenge in the development of new drug formulations is overcoming their low solubility in relevant aqueous media. Reducing the particle size of drug powders to a few hundred nanometers is a well‐known method that leads to an increase in solubility due to an elevated total surface area. However, state‐of‐the‐art comminution techniques like cryo‐milling suffer from degradation and contamination of the drugs, particularly when sub‐micrometer diameters are aspired that require long processing times. In this work, picosecond‐pulsed laser fragmentation in liquids (LFL) of dispersed drug particles in a liquid‐jet passage reactor is used as a wear‐free comminution technique using the hydrophobic oral model drugs naproxen, prednisolone, ketoconazole, and megestrol acetate. Particle size and morphology of the drug particles are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and changes in particle size distributions upon irradiation are quantified using an analytical centrifuge. The findings highlight the superior fragmentation efficiency of the liquid‐jet passage reactor setup, with a 100 times higher fraction of submicrometer particles (SMP) of the drugs compared to the batch control, which enhances solubility and goes along with minimal chemical degradation (<1%), determined by attenuated total reflection‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR), high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, the underlying predominantly photo‐mechanically induced laser fragmentation mechanisms of organic microparticles (MP) are discussed.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136024148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifan Deng, Yun Lei, Zehui Tang, Jiong Chen, Linhui Luo, Yongqin Wang, Can Li, Beibei Du, Shiquan Wang, Zhengguang Sun
Abstract ZSSG (ZnSSe/rGO) composites are prepared by a hydrothermal method. The structure, morphology and material properties are investigated by various tests. Compared to ZnSe, the diffraction peaks of ZnSSe are moved to a larger angle and located between cubic phase ZnSe and cubic phase ZnS. The photocurrent density of ZSSG20 with 20 wt.% graphene is 2.17×10 −5 A cm −2 , which is 8.9 times higher than that of pure ZnSSe. ZSSG20 has the minimum charge transfer resistance and highest carrier density. The decreased fluorescence intensity in PL spectra indicates that graphene can effectively prevent the recombination of electron‐hole pairs.
摘要采用水热法制备了ZSSG (ZnSSe/rGO)复合材料。通过各种试验研究了其结构、形貌和材料性能。与ZnSe相比，ZnSSe的衍射峰移动了更大的角度，位于立方相ZnSe和立方相ZnS之间。含20% wt.%石墨烯的ZSSG20光电流密度为2.17×10−5 A cm−2，是纯ZnSSe光电流密度的8.9倍。ZSSG20具有最小的电荷转移电阻和最高的载流子密度。PL光谱中荧光强度的降低表明石墨烯可以有效地阻止电子空穴对的复合。
{"title":"ZnSSe Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Photoelectric Properties","authors":"Yifan Deng, Yun Lei, Zehui Tang, Jiong Chen, Linhui Luo, Yongqin Wang, Can Li, Beibei Du, Shiquan Wang, Zhengguang Sun","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202300101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202300101","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract ZSSG (ZnSSe/rGO) composites are prepared by a hydrothermal method. The structure, morphology and material properties are investigated by various tests. Compared to ZnSe, the diffraction peaks of ZnSSe are moved to a larger angle and located between cubic phase ZnSe and cubic phase ZnS. The photocurrent density of ZSSG20 with 20 wt.% graphene is 2.17×10 −5 A cm −2 , which is 8.9 times higher than that of pure ZnSSe. ZSSG20 has the minimum charge transfer resistance and highest carrier density. The decreased fluorescence intensity in PL spectra indicates that graphene can effectively prevent the recombination of electron‐hole pairs.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136072058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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