Pathology最新文献

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Evolution and development of FAMSACA

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.12.059

Kathy Kramer

引用次数: 0

Cribriform intraductal carcinoma of the prostate may be more aggressive than cribriform conventional/acinar prostatic adenocarcinoma 前列腺楔形导管内癌可能比楔形传统/尖锐前列腺腺癌更具侵袭性。

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.08.012

Ying Wang , Yuki Teramoto , Hiroshi Miyamoto

It remains to be determined if the prognostic value of cribriform morphology (Crib) associated with intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC) is equivalent to that in conventional/acinar prostatic adenocarcinoma (CPA). We herein assessed radical prostatectomy findings and long-term oncologic outcomes in 732 men with Grade Group 2–4 CPA without any Gleason pattern 5. Our cases were divided into four cohorts according to the absence or presence of Crib within CPA and/or IDC: Cohort-1, no Crib (n=347; 47.4%); Cohort-2, Crib only in CPA (n=203; 27.7%); Cohort-3, Crib only in IDC (n=17; 2.3%); and Cohort-4, Crib in both CPA and IDC (n=165; 22.5%). Compared with that in CPA only (Cohort-2), Crib in both CPA and IDC (Cohort-4) was significantly associated with adverse histopathological features, including higher tumour grade/stage and larger tumour volume. Univariate analysis revealed significantly higher risks of postoperative recurrence in patients with Crib in IDC only [Cohort-3; hazard ratio (HR) 2.450, p=0.022] or both CPA and IDC (Cohort-4; HR 2.835, p<0.001) than in those with Crib in CPA only (Cohort-2), whereas the prognosis was analogous between Cohort-3 and Cohort-4 (p=0.913). In a multivariable analysis [Crib in CPA only (Cohort-2) as a reference], Crib in IDC only (Cohort-3; HR 3.821, p=0.002) or both CPA and IDC (Cohort-4; HR 1.905, p=0.004) showed significantly worse recurrence-free survival. Compared with Crib in CPA only, its presence in both CPA and IDC was thus found to be independently associated with a poorer prognosis, suggesting a potentially greater clinical impact of Crib in IDC than in CPA.

与前列腺导管内癌（IDC）相关的楔形形态（Crib）的预后价值是否与传统/尖锐湿疣前列腺腺癌（CPA）的预后价值相当，这一点仍有待确定。我们在此评估了 732 名患有 2-4 级 CPA（无任何格里森模式 5）的男性的根治性前列腺切除术结果和长期肿瘤学预后。我们根据 CPA 和/或 IDC 中是否存在 Crib 将病例分为四组：Cohort-1，无 Crib（n=347；47.4%）；Cohort-2，仅 CPA 中存在 Crib（n=203；27.7%）；Cohort-3，仅 IDC 中存在 Crib（n=17；2.3%）；Cohort-4，CPA 和 IDC 中均存在 Crib（n=165；22.5%）。与仅在 CPA（队列-2）中出现的 Crib 相比，同时在 CPA 和 IDC（队列-4）中出现的 Crib 与不良组织病理学特征显著相关，包括较高的肿瘤分级/分期和较大的肿瘤体积。单变量分析显示，仅在 IDC 中有 Crib 的患者[队列-3；危险比 (HR) 2.450，p=0.022]或同时在 CPA 和 IDC 中有 Crib 的患者（队列-4；HR 2.835，p=0.022）术后复发的风险明显更高。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a customised Sensititre YeastOne plate containing isavuconazole for antifungal susceptibility testing in Singapore 在新加坡对含有异黄酮唑的定制 Sensititre YeastOne 平板进行抗真菌药敏试验的评估。

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.08.005

Wenjie Huang, Geraldine Xue Qin Goh, Mei Gie Tan, Jing Sen Chua, Samantha Hui Wen Tan, Yen Ee Tan

This study evaluated the performance of a customised Sensititre YeastOne (SYO) plate including isavuconazole (YIT) against existing practice (comprising SYO YO10 plate and isavuconazole gradient strip) in order to streamline the workflow for antifungal susceptibility testing in a tertiary hospital in Singapore. A total of 101 (51 yeasts and 50 moulds) clinical isolates were included for analysis. Isolates included in the study were recovered from a variety of body sites and reflected the case mix encountered in daily practice. Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using three methods: YO10, YIT and gradient diffusion strip (for isavuconazole only). Reproducibility, essential agreement (EA) and categorical agreement (CA) were calculated. When YO10 and YIT plates were compared, the reproducibility was 100% for eight common antifungals. The CA was >97% for all antifungals except for amphotericin B (89.4%), but this was attributed to seven isolates with minimum inhibitory concentrations bordering the wild-type (WT) cut-off. The EA obtained when testing isavuconazole using YIT versus gradient diffusion was 77.2% overall, 90.2% for yeasts and 64% for moulds. In conclusion, the YIT plate is suitable for antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts in our laboratory. Its use for mould isolates needs to be monitored further.

本研究评估了定制的Sensititre YeastOne（SYO）平板（含异唑康唑，YIT）与现有方法（包括SYO YO10平板和异唑康唑梯度条）的性能对比，以简化新加坡一家三级医院的抗真菌药敏试验工作流程。共有 101 株（51 株酵母菌和 50 株霉菌）临床分离物被纳入分析。研究中的分离物来自不同的身体部位，反映了日常工作中遇到的病例组合。抗真菌药敏试验采用三种方法进行：YO10、YIT 和梯度扩散条（仅适用于异唑康唑）。计算了重现性、基本一致（EA）和分类一致（CA）。对 YO10 和 YIT 平板进行比较时，8 种常见抗真菌药的重现性为 100%。除两性霉素 B（89.4%）外，所有抗真菌药物的 CA 均大于 97%，但这是因为有 7 个分离物的最低抑制浓度接近野生型（WT）临界值。使用 YIT 与梯度扩散法检测异黄酮唑时所获得的 EA 值总体为 77.2%，对酵母菌的 EA 值为 90.2%，对霉菌的 EA 值为 64%。总之，YIT 平板适用于我们实验室的酵母菌抗真菌药敏试验。对霉菌分离物的使用还需进一步监测。

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引用次数: 0

Immunoprecipitation assays for the detection of specific extractable nuclear antigen autoantibodies: a role in the modern immunology laboratory? 用于检测特异性可提取核抗原自身抗体的免疫沉淀测定：在现代免疫学实验室中的作用？

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.08.008

Dimitra Beroukas , Peter J. Roberts-Thomson , Tom P. Gordon , Adrian Y.S. Lee

引用次数: 0

New challenges for HIV testing in the setting of long-acting cabotegravir pre-exposure prophylaxis 长效卡博替拉韦暴露前预防疗法对艾滋病毒检测的新挑战。

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.08.011

Eloise Williams , Doris Chibo , Jodie D'Costa , Suellen Nicholson , Kathy Jackson , Chuan K. Lim , Deborah A. Williamson

引用次数: 0

Diagnostic challenges in routine endometrial biopsy reporting

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.12.020

Adeline Tan

引用次数: 0

Emerging trends in sexual assault caseload

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.12.053

Janine Rowse , Liyasha Goonetilleke , Richard Bassed

引用次数: 0

Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance rates for Shigella species in a resource-rich setting 在资源丰富的环境中志贺氏杆菌的流行病学和抗菌药耐药率。

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.07.004

Samuel Baumgart , Thuy Phan , Genevieve McKew

Shigellosis is an acute, often dysenteric, diarrhoeal illness that is responsible for much morbidity and mortality worldwide. Increasing rates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Shigella species have been detected worldwide and a regular review of local epidemiological and resistance rates is necessary to help guide empirical antibiotic choice. This retrospective laboratory study of faecal isolates between 2013 and 2023 demonstrates increasing rates of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin, alongside an overall increase in MDR and XDR isolates.

志贺氏菌病是一种急性腹泻疾病，通常会引起肠道功能紊乱，在全球范围内造成大量的发病和死亡。全球范围内发现的多重耐药（MDR）和广泛耐药（XDR）志贺氏菌的发病率越来越高，因此有必要定期审查当地的流行病学和耐药率，以帮助指导经验性抗生素的选择。这项对 2013 年至 2023 年期间粪便分离物的回顾性实验室研究表明，对第三代头孢菌素、阿奇霉素和环丙沙星的耐药率在上升，同时 MDR 和 XDR 分离物的总体耐药率也在上升。

引用次数: 0

Comparison of commonly used equations for sodium adjustment in hyperglycaemia 高血糖患者钠调整常用公式的比较。

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.07.009

Que Lam , Nilika Wijeratne

引用次数: 0

Concentration of kidney markers and detection of exosomes in urine samples collected in cotton wool balls in preterm and term neonates 早产儿和足月新生儿用棉球收集的尿液样本中肾脏标志物的浓度和外泌体的检测。

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 PATHOLOGY

Pathology

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2024.07.006

Eveline Staub , Qinghua Cao , Xin-Ming Chen , Carol Pollock

Collecting urine samples in neonates by catheterisation or suprapubic puncture causes trauma, whereas self-adhesive collection bags can damage fragile skin. An alternative method is the collection of samples from urine-soaked cotton wool balls placed in diapers. The aim of this study was to compare the concentration of albumin, creatinine, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and uromodulin between clean-catch urine and samples collected in cotton wool balls in neonates and assess the efficiency of exosome extraction. Standard clean-catch urine samples were assayed for albumin, creatinine, NGAL, and uromodulin using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Concentrations were compared to the same urine samples extracted immediately from soaked cotton wool balls (sample 2, S2) or the urine extracted from cotton wool balls placed in a diaper in a warm incubator for 2 h before extraction (sample 3, S3). Exosomes were extracted from all three samples of one patient for visualisation by electron microscopy. Twenty-six infants (17 males) of median gestational age at birth of 32+1 weeks had urine collected at a median age of 29 days at 37+6 weeks corrected age. Concentrations in S2 and S3 were within 10% of the concentration of standard samples in 46% and 35% of specimens for albumin, 69% and 58% for creatinine, 12% and 12% for NGAL, and 27% and 15% for uromodulin, respectively, without consistent positive or negative bias. Urine albumin/creatinine ratios (UACRs) were 4.3% less in S2 and 4.5% less in S3 than in standard samples. Exosomes were extracted and visualised from all three sample types. Neonatal urine samples extracted from cotton wool balls can be used to screen for relevant albuminuria but provide imprecise estimates of NGAL and uromodulin. The proof of exosome extraction from urine collection in cotton wool balls opens the potential to examine exosomal cargo.

通过导尿管或耻骨上穿刺收集新生儿尿液样本会造成创伤，而自粘收集袋则会损伤脆弱的皮肤。另一种方法是用浸泡在尿布中的棉球收集尿样。本研究的目的是比较新生儿清洁尿液样本和棉球尿液样本中白蛋白、肌酐、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质钙蛋白（NGAL）和尿调蛋白的浓度，并评估外泌体提取的效率。使用商用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）试剂盒对标准的清洁尿液样本进行白蛋白、肌酐、NGAL 和尿肌球蛋白检测。将尿液浓度与立即从浸湿的棉球中提取的相同尿液样本（样本 2，S2）或从棉球中提取的尿液样本（样本 3，S3）进行比较。从一名患者的所有三个样本中提取外泌体，用电子显微镜进行观察。26 名婴儿（17 名男性）的出生胎龄中位数为 32+1 周，尿液采集时间中位数为 29 天，校正年龄为 37+6 周。在 S2 和 S3 中，分别有 46% 和 35% 的标本白蛋白浓度在标准样本浓度的 10% 以内，69% 和 58% 的标本肌酐浓度在标准样本浓度的 10% 以内，12% 和 12% 的标本 NGAL 浓度在标准样本浓度的 10% 以内，27% 和 15% 的标本尿蛋白浓度在标准样本浓度的 10% 以内，没有一致的阳性或阴性偏差。与标准样本相比，S2样本的尿白蛋白/肌酐比值（UACRs）低4.3%，S3样本低4.5%。从所有三种样本中都提取了外泌体并对其进行了可视化。从棉球中提取的新生儿尿液样本可用于筛查相关的白蛋白尿，但对NGAL和uromodulin的估计并不精确。从棉球尿液中提取外泌体的证明为检查外泌体货物提供了可能。

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