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Giant membrane rings/loops in the cytosol of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes and their relation to the parasite. 恶性疟原虫感染的红细胞胞质中的巨膜环/圈及其与寄生虫的关系。
IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08334-7
Hannes Wickert, Georg Krohne

Striking morphological transformations characterize the invasion of a red blood cell by the malaria parasite. Shortly after the infection, parasite-induced membranes appear in the cytosol of the affected host erythrocyte. One intensely investigated membrane type, commonly called Maurer's clefts, has a slit-like morphology and can be arranged in the form of extended three-dimensional membrane stacks or networks. Here we report the three-dimensional reconstruction of a second membrane type, giant or extended membrane rings/loops, that have only occasionally been described on single ultrathin sections, however that have never been systematically examined so far. Serial ultrathin sectioning of P. falciparum-infected red blood cells, subsequent three-dimensional reconstructions, and in addition examination of Giemsa-stained blood films revealed that intraerythrocytic membrane rings/loops are not isolated structures but are locally in contact with the parasite. They consist either of the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane alone or contain the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane including the plasma membrane of the parasite and small amounts of parasite cytoplasm. We demonstrate that membrane rings/loops represent surface extensions of the parasite that maybe involved in ring stage parasite formation and Maurer's cleft generation at least in a subset of infected red blood cells.

疟原虫入侵红细胞时会发生惊人的形态变化。感染后不久,寄生虫引起的膜就会出现在受影响的宿主红细胞的细胞质中。其中一种受到深入研究的膜类型通常被称为毛雷尔裂隙,其形态类似裂缝,可排列成扩展的三维膜堆或网络。在此,我们报告了第二种膜类型--巨型或扩展膜环/圈的三维重建情况,这种膜只偶尔在单个超薄切片上被描述过,但迄今为止从未被系统地研究过。对恶性疟原虫感染的红细胞进行连续超薄切片、随后的三维重建,以及对吉氏染色的血片进行检查后发现,红细胞内膜环/环不是孤立的结构,而是与寄生虫局部接触。它们或者仅由寄生虫空泡膜组成,或者含有寄生虫空泡膜,包括寄生虫的质膜和少量寄生虫细胞质。我们证明,膜环/膜圈代表寄生虫的表面延伸,可能参与了环阶段寄生虫的形成和毛雷尔裂隙的产生,至少在一部分受感染的红细胞中是如此。
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引用次数: 0
Identification and molecular characterization of a novel Babesia orientalis rhoptry neck protein 4 (BoRON4). 新型东方巴贝西亚螺旋体颈部蛋白 4(BoRON4)的鉴定和分子特征。
IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08328-5
Fangjie Li, Jiaying Guo, Sen Wang, Zhen Han, Zheng Nie, Long Yu, Xiang Shu, Yingjun Xia, Lan He, Junlong Zhao

Babesia orientalis, a protozoan parasite transmitted by the tick Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, holds significant economic importance along the Yangtze River. Key factors in the host invasion process include rhoptry neck proteins (RON2, RON4, and RON5) and apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1). However, the intricacies of the interaction between AMA1 and RONs remain incompletely elucidated in B. orientalis. To better understand these crucial invasion components, the RON4 gene of B. orientalis (BoRON4) was cloned and sequenced. RON4 is 3468 base pairs long, encodes 1155 amino acids, and has a predicted molecular weight of 130 kDa. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a unique region (amino acid residues 109-452) in BoRON4, which demonstrates higher sensitivity to epitope activity. The BoRON4 gene was strategically truncated, amplified, and cloned into the pGEX-6p-1 vector for fusion expression. We successfully used the mouse polyclonal antibody to identify native BoRON4 in B. orientalis lysates. Furthermore, the corresponding BoRON4 protein band was detected in the water buffalo serum infected with B. orientalis, while no such band was observed in the control. Additionally, I-TASSER and Discovery Studio software were used to predict the tertiary structures of BoRON4 and its ligands, CH-PKA and CH-complex. These ligands can serve as lead compounds for the development of anti-babesiosis drugs. In conclusion, BoRON4 emerges as a promising candidate antigen for distinguishing water buffalo infected with B. orientalis from their normal counterparts. This study positions BoRON4 as a potential diagnostic antigen for babesiosis in water buffalo, contributing valuable insights to the field of parasitology.

东方巴贝斯虫是一种由蜱传播的原生动物寄生虫,在长江沿岸具有重要的经济意义。宿主入侵过程中的关键因素包括跳虫颈蛋白(RON2、RON4 和 RON5)和顶端膜抗原 1(AMA1)。然而,AMA1 与 RONs 之间错综复杂的相互作用在东方银环蛇中仍未完全阐明。为了更好地了解这些关键的入侵成分,我们克隆了东方蚕的 RON4 基因(BoRON4)并对其进行了测序。RON4 基因长 3468 个碱基对,编码 1155 个氨基酸,预测分子量为 130 kDa。生物信息学分析表明,BoRON4 有一个独特的区域(氨基酸残基 109-452),对表位活性具有更高的敏感性。我们对 BoRON4 基因进行了策略性截短、扩增,并克隆到 pGEX-6p-1 载体中进行融合表达。我们成功地利用小鼠多克隆抗体鉴定了东方蝙蝠裂解物中的原生 BoRON4。此外,我们还在感染东方虫的水牛血清中检测到了相应的 BoRON4 蛋白条带,而在对照组中则未观察到该条带。此外,研究人员还利用 I-TASSER 和 Discovery Studio 软件预测了 BoRON4 及其配体 CH-PKA 和 CH-complex 的三级结构。这些配体可作为开发抗巴氏杆菌病药物的先导化合物。总之,BoRON4 是一种很有前途的候选抗原,可用于区分感染东方水牛疫病的水牛和正常水牛。这项研究将 BoRON4 定位为水牛巴贝西亚原虫病的潜在诊断抗原,为寄生虫学领域贡献了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: An overview of artemisinin-resistant malaria and associated Pfk13 gene mutations in Central Africa. 更正:中非青蒿素耐药性疟疾及相关 Pfk13 基因突变概述。
IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08315-w
Charlotte Sabine Milong Melong, Elias Peloewetse, Gianluca Russo, Ousman Tamgue, Francois Tchoumbougnang, Giacomo Maria Paganotti
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引用次数: 0
Mosquito prevalence, resting habitat preference, and Plasmodium infection status of anophelines in coastal Karnataka during the declining phase of malaria-an exploratory study. 疟疾衰退期卡纳塔克邦沿海无尾目动物的蚊子流行率、休息栖息地偏好和疟原虫感染状况--一项探索性研究。
IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08322-x
Gowthami Arumugam, Kavitha Saravu, Prashanth Kotthapalli, Vishnu Teja Nallapati, Prashanth Bhat, Muktha Achari, Naveenchandra Kulal, Shriram Ananganallur Nagarajan, Hoti S L, Ashwani Kumar

Malaria has a historical presence in the Dakshina Kannada (D.K.) and Udupi districts of Karnataka, India. To understand the potential involvement of anopheline fauna in malaria transmission, we conducted an exploratory entomological survey. The study is crucial given the decreasing malaria incidence in these districts in recent years. From September 2022 to August 2023, we collected indoor resting mosquitoes using a manual aspirator at 27 randomly chosen sites within three distinct resting habitats (human dwellings, cattle sheds, and construction sites) in the urban areas of Udupi and Dakshina Kannada districts. Mosquitoes were morphologically identified, and anopheline specimens were tested for the presence of malarial parasite by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. We collected a total of 1810 mosquitoes, comprising 21 species distributed across five genera. Culex emerged as the predominant genus, constituting 84.4% of the collected specimens, while Anopheles accounted for 5.4%. Among the observed species, Culex quinquefasciatus was predominant, comprising 77.9% of the mosquito specimens collected in this study. Two malaria vectors, An. stephensi and An. subpictus complex, constituted 16.3% and 1.0% of the total anophelines collected, respectively. None of the 96 female anophelines was tested positive for Plasmodium infection. Our findings suggest that Anopheles mosquitoes prefer resting in cattle sheds over human dwellings. While our study identified two malaria vectors, they were present at low densities. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of these vector mosquitoes, it is essential to conduct long-term surveillance to monitor their prevalence and role in malaria transmission.

疟疾在印度卡纳塔克邦的达克希纳卡纳达(Dakshina Kannada,D.K.)和乌杜皮地区历史悠久。为了了解疟原虫动物群可能参与疟疾传播的情况,我们进行了一项探索性昆虫学调查。近年来,这些地区的疟疾发病率不断下降,因此这项研究至关重要。从 2022 年 9 月到 2023 年 8 月,我们在乌杜皮和达克希纳卡纳达地区的城市地区随机选择了三个不同的休息栖息地(人类住所、牛棚和建筑工地)中的 27 个地点,使用手动吸蚊器收集室内休息蚊子。我们对蚊子进行了形态学鉴定,并通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR)分析对疟原虫标本进行了检测。我们共收集到 1810 只蚊子,包括 21 个种类,分布在 5 个属中。库蚊是主要的蚊属,占采集标本的 84.4%,按蚊占 5.4%。在观察到的物种中,五带喙库蚊占主导地位,占本研究收集到的蚊子标本的 77.9%。两种疟疾病媒--疟原虫和亚型疟原虫--分别占采集到的疟蚊总数的 16.3% 和 1.0%。在 96 只雌性疟蚊中,没有一只被检测出感染疟原虫。我们的研究结果表明,按蚊更喜欢在牛棚而非人居中休息。虽然我们的研究发现了两种疟疾病媒,但它们的存在密度很低。为了更全面地了解这些病媒蚊子的动态,有必要进行长期监测,以监控它们的流行情况和在疟疾传播中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiology and distribution of gastrointestinal parasites in fattening pig farms in northern Italy. 意大利北部育肥猪场胃肠道寄生虫的流行病学和分布情况。
IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08320-z
Carolina Allievi, Marco Valleri, Sergio Aurelio Zanzani, Alessandro Zanon, Michele Mortarino, Maria Teresa Manfredi

In Italy, pig breeding is characterised by intensive farms in which parasitic diseases often present a subclinical pattern, while being responsible for decreased animal welfare and great economic losses. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of major parasites in pigs, and, for this purpose, 880 faecal samples of fattening pigs raised in 22 intensive farms located in northern Italy were collected in two different sampling sessions, at the beginning and end of the fattening cycle. For the detection of helminth eggs and coccidian oocysts, a quantitative flotation technique was used, whereas a conventional PCR was performed to confirm the identification of cestode eggs found by copromicroscopic analysis. Moreover, data regarding herd management were collected to assess risk factors for parasite occurrence. A total of 95 samples were positive for at least one parasitic taxon (10.8%); the most detected parasite was Ascaris suum (7.6%), followed by Trichuris suis (1.7%) and Cystoisospora suis (0.9%). Further, eggs with morphometric features compatible with those of Hymenolepis diminuta were detected in 16 samples (1.8%), and the analysis of sequences confirmed the identification of cestode eggs. Statistical analysis showed that large farms and those applying the all-in/all-out system were associated with a lower risk of nematode infection. This study provided data on prevalence and burden of gastrointestinal parasites in two different times of the fattening cycle. It was evidenced that endoparasites are persistent, albeit with low prevalences, and would need specific measures to reduce their effects on both animal health and productivity.

在意大利,养猪业的特点是集约化养殖,寄生虫病通常呈现亚临床模式,同时也是造成动物福利下降和巨大经济损失的原因。本研究旨在评估猪体内主要寄生虫的流行情况。为此,研究人员在育肥周期开始和结束时,分两次采集了意大利北部 22 个集约化养殖场饲养的 880 头育肥猪的粪便样本。为了检测蠕虫卵和球虫卵囊,采用了定量浮选技术,而为了确认通过共形显微镜分析发现的绦虫卵,则采用了常规 PCR 技术。此外,还收集了有关牛群管理的数据,以评估寄生虫发生的风险因素。共有 95 份样本至少有一种寄生虫类群呈阳性(10.8%);检测到最多的寄生虫是蛔虫(7.6%),其次是猪毛滴虫(1.7%)和猪囊虫(0.9%)。此外,在 16 个样本(1.8%)中检测到了形态特征与小栉水母(Hymenolepis diminuta)相符的虫卵,序列分析证实了虫卵的身份。统计分析显示,大型农场和采用全进全出系统的农场感染线虫的风险较低。这项研究提供了育肥周期两个不同时期胃肠道寄生虫流行率和负担的数据。研究结果表明,内寄生虫虽然流行率低,但持续存在,需要采取具体措施减少其对动物健康和生产率的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Anthropogenic electromagnetic radiation alters the transcription levels of the genes encoding the SIFamide and myoinhibitory peptide and their receptors in Ixodes ricinus synganglion. 人为电磁辐射改变了蓖麻弓形虫体内编码SIFamide和肌抑制肽及其受体基因的转录水平。
IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08326-7
Lívia Šofranková, Miroslav Baňas, Natália Pipová, Igor Majláth, Juraj Kurimský, Roman Cimbala, Ján Zbojovský, Ladislav Šimo, Viktória Majláthová

The research of the influences of man-made electromagnetic fields on tick physiology has been very sparse and long neglected since the pioneer studies published in 1996 and 2000. Once multiple behavioral tests confirmed an attraction and possible perception of electromagnetic fields in ticks, a new interest in this topic erupted in recent years. In this study, qRT-PCR is utilized to determine the changes in the mRNA transcript levels of neuropeptides SIFamide and myoinhibitory peptide (mip and sifa) and their representative receptors (mip-r1 and sifa-r1) in the synganglia of the tick Ixodes ricinus irradiated by 900 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field. It was determined that 40 V/m intensity has a significant suppressory effect on the transcript levels of all genes after at least 60 minutes of constant exposure in both sexes. Commonly occurring intensity of radiation in urban areas (2 V/m) produced an elevation in mRNA levels after various timespans in every gene. A significant decrease of transcript abundances was detected in females after one hour of exposure to 2 V/m. Results of this study widen the knowledge of EMF-induced alterations in the neurophysiology of I. ricinus, the most commonly distributed hard tick in Europe.

自 1996 年和 2000 年发表的先驱研究报告以来,有关人造电磁场对蜱生理影响的研究一直非常稀少,而且长期被忽视。一旦多种行为测试证实了蜱对电磁场的吸引力和可能的感知,近年来对这一主题的新兴趣就爆发了。在这项研究中,利用 qRT-PCR 技术测定了在 900 MHz 射频电磁场照射下,蜱的神经节中神经肽 SIFamide 和肌抑制肽(mip 和 sifa)及其代表受体(mip-r1 和 sifa-r1)的 mRNA 转录水平的变化。结果表明,雌雄蜱在持续暴露至少 60 分钟后,40 V/m 的辐射强度对所有基因的转录水平都有明显的抑制作用。城市地区常见的辐射强度(2 V/m)在不同时间段后会导致每个基因的 mRNA 水平升高。在暴露于 2 V/m 辐射一小时后,检测到雌性基因的转录本丰度明显下降。这项研究的结果拓宽了人们对欧洲最常见的硬蜱--蓖麻蜱神经生理学中电磁场诱导变化的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of nebivolol efficacy in experimental models of toxoplasmosis: insights into parasite burden reduction and neuronal protection. 评估奈必洛尔在弓形虫病实验模型中的疗效:对减轻寄生虫负担和保护神经元的见解。
IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08318-7
Amanda Bruno da Silva Bellini Ramos, Tayline Torres, Luis Felipe Cunha Dos Reis, Gabriel Carvalho Lambert, Fábio Antônio Colombo, Marcos José Marques, Juliana Quero Reimão

This study investigates the efficacy of nebivolol (NBV) in experimental models of toxoplasmosis, focusing on parasite burden reduction and neuronal protection. In the acute model of experimental toxoplasmosis, Swiss mice infected with RH strain tachyzoites received oral NBV chlorhydrate doses of 2 mg/kg/day and 4 mg/kg/day for 8 days. Treatment with NBV significantly reduced parasite burden compared to vehicle and standard drug (PYR) groups. In the chronic model of experimental toxoplasmosis, C57/BL6 mice infected with the ME49 strain received NBV chlorhydrate 41 days post-infection and were evaluated after 10 days of treatment. NBV chlorhydrate effectively reduced cyst number and area, as well as bradyzoite burden compared to controls. Histological analysis demonstrated that NBV chlorhydrate preserved neuronal count, with the 4 mg/kg/day dose yielding counts similar to non-infected mice. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences compared to control groups. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significant reduction in iNOS labeling in the brains of mice treated with NBV chlorhydrate, indicating a decrease in nitric oxide production compared to control groups. These findings suggest NBV's potential as a promising candidate for toxoplasmosis treatment, highlighting its ability to reduce parasite burden and protect neuronal integrity. Further research is warranted to elucidate NBV's mechanisms of action and its clinical application in managing toxoplasmosis.

本研究调查了奈必洛尔(NBV)在弓形虫病实验模型中的疗效,重点是减少寄生虫负担和保护神经元。在实验性弓形虫病急性模型中,感染了 RH 株速殖寄生虫的瑞士小鼠连续 8 天口服氯水 NBV,剂量分别为 2 毫克/千克/天和 4 毫克/千克/天。与车辆组和标准药物组(PYR)相比,NBV 治疗可明显减轻寄生虫负担。在实验性弓形虫病慢性模型中,感染 ME49 株的 C57/BL6 小鼠在感染后 41 天接受 NBV 氯水合物治疗,并在治疗 10 天后进行评估。与对照组相比,氯水合 NBV 能有效减少囊肿数量和面积,以及缓虫负担。组织学分析表明,氯水合 NBV 能保留神经元数量,4 毫克/千克/天的剂量产生的神经元数量与未感染小鼠相似。统计分析证实,与对照组相比,NBV 氯水合物对神经元数量有显著差异。此外,免疫组化分析表明,与对照组相比,接受氯水合 NBV 治疗的小鼠大脑中 iNOS 标记显著减少,表明一氧化氮的产生减少。这些研究结果表明,NBV 有潜力成为弓形虫病治疗的候选药物,它能够减轻寄生虫负担并保护神经元的完整性。我们有必要进一步研究 NBV 的作用机制及其在弓形虫病治疗中的临床应用。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative effect of ivermectin and amitraz on cellular architecture of ovaries, synganglion and Gené's organ of Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). 伊维菌素和双甲脒对 Rhipicephalus microplus(蛔虫科:Ixodidae)卵巢、合子和 Gené's 器官细胞结构影响的比较。
IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08324-9
Nisha Bisht, Ashutosh Fular, Anil Kumar Sharma, Gaurav Nagar, Sankar Muthu, Srikanta Ghosh

The present study investigated the effect of ivermectin and amitraz on the cellular architecture of vital organs of Rhipicephalus microplus. Adult female ticks were treated with lethal concentrations (LC95) of ivermectin and amitraz, and the ovaries, synganglion, and Gené's organ were processed 48 h post treatment. In both the treatment groups, the ultra-thin sections of ovary exhibited deformed oocytes, irregular plasmic membrane and chorion layer, extensive vacuolation in the cytoplasm mainly at periphery of the cell and oocyte-pedicel junction. Marked vacuolations in the cortex and neuropile region with significant structural disorganization of the neural fibers were common alterations observed in the synganglion of ticks exposed to ivermectin and amitraz. The tissue sections of Gené's organ revealed deformed tubular glands with severe loss of cellular limit of secretory epithelium and cytoplasmic vacuolations in the ivermectin treated ticks whereas, the alterations were comparatively less severe in amitraz exposed ticks. The cellular deformities in these vital organs probably impaired reproductive function, nerve signal transmission and metabolic activities and thus affected fecundity and survivability of the treated ticks. The findings suggested that the action of ivermectin and amitraz are not restricted to the nervous system of ticks, but also on other vital organs, ovary and Gené's organ affecting the oviposition. The study provided insights into the development of targeted interventions for tick control strategies.

本研究调查了伊维菌素和双甲脒对Rhipicephalus microplus重要器官细胞结构的影响。用致死浓度(LC95)的伊维菌素和双甲脒处理成年雌蜱,并在处理后 48 小时对其卵巢、鞘氨醇和热内氏器官进行处理。两个处理组的卵巢超薄切片均显示卵母细胞畸形,质膜和绒毛层不规则,细胞质广泛空泡化,主要分布在细胞外围和卵母细胞与皮质交界处。在暴露于伊维菌素和双甲脒的蜱的合成神经节中,观察到皮层和神经节区明显空泡化,神经纤维结构明显紊乱。Gené 器官的组织切片显示,伊维菌素处理过的蜱的管状腺体变形,分泌上皮细胞界限严重丧失,细胞质出现空泡,而暴露于双甲脒的蜱的这种变化相对较轻。这些重要器官的细胞畸变可能会损害生殖功能、神经信号传输和新陈代谢活动,从而影响处理后蜱虫的繁殖力和存活率。研究结果表明,伊维菌素和双甲脒的作用并不局限于蜱的神经系统,对其他重要器官、卵巢和吉内器官也有影响。这项研究为制定有针对性的蜱虫控制干预策略提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Detection of Usutu virus in a house martin bug Oeciacus hirundinis (Hemiptera: Cimicidae): implications for virus overwintering in a temperate zone. 在一种家貂蝽 Oeciacus hirundinis(半翅目:Cimicidae)中检测到乌苏图病毒:对病毒在温带地区越冬的影响。
IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08325-8
Silvie Šikutová, Jan Mendel, Kristína Mravcová, Romana Kejíková, Zdeněk Hubálek, Helge Kampen, Ivo Rudolf

The family Cimicidae comprises ectoparasites feeding exclusively on the blood of endothermic animals. Cimicid swallow bugs specifically target swallow birds (Hirundinidae) and their nestlings in infested nests. Bugs of the genus Oeciacus are commonly found in mud nests of swallows and martins, while they rarely visit the homes of humans. Although-unlike other cimicid species-the house martin bug Oeciacus hirundinis has never been reported as a vector of zoonotic pathogens, its possible role in arbovirus circulation in continental Europe is unclear. Samples of O. hirundinis were therefore collected from abandoned house martin (Delichon urbicum) nests in southern Moravia (Czech Republic) during the 2021/2022 winter season and checked for alpha-, flavi- and bunyaviruses by RT-PCR. Of a total of 96 pools consisting of three adult bugs each, one pool tested positive for Usutu virus (USUV)-RNA. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the virus strain was closely related to Italian and some Central European strains and corresponded to USUV lineage 5. The detection of USUV in O. hirundinis during wintertime in the absence of swallows raises the question for a possible role of this avian ectoparasite in virus overwintering in Europe.

恙螨科由专门吸食内热动物血液的体外寄生虫组成。燕子蝽专门以燕子(燕科)及其巢中的雏鸟为攻击目标。Oeciacus 属的虫子常见于燕子和燕貂的泥窝中,但它们很少光顾人类的家园。虽然与其他螨类不同,家燕蝽从未被报道为人畜共患病原体的传播媒介,但它在欧洲大陆虫媒病毒循环中可能扮演的角色尚不清楚。因此,我们在 2021/2022 年冬季从摩拉维亚南部(捷克共和国)被遗弃的家貂(Delichon urbicum)巢中采集了 O. hirundinis 样本,并通过 RT-PCR 检测了甲型、黄型和布尼亚病毒。在由 3 只成虫组成的 96 个病毒库中,有一个病毒库的乌苏图病毒(USUV)-RNA 检测呈阳性。系统进化分析表明,该病毒株与意大利和中欧的一些病毒株关系密切,属于 USUV 第 5 系。在没有燕子的冬季,在燕鸥体内检测到了乌苏图病毒,这提出了一个问题,即这种鸟类外寄生虫可能在欧洲的病毒越冬中扮演了重要角色。
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引用次数: 0
Complete mitochondrial genome of Penicillidia dufourii (Diptera: Hippoboscoidea: Nycteribiidae) and phylogenetic relationship. Penicillidia dufourii(双翅目:Hippoboscoidea:Nycteribiidae)的完整线粒体基因组及系统发育关系。
IF 1.8 3区 医学 Q2 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-024-08321-y
Xiaoyan Zheng, Xiaoxia Lin, Xianzheng Zhang, Xiaobin Huang, Xinke Yue, Ju Pu

Penicillidia dufourii (Westwood 1834) is a specialized parasite categorized under family Nycteribiidae that prefers to parasitize the body surface of various bats under the genus Myotis. Many species of the family Nycteribiidae are carriers of various pathogens; however, research on P. dufourii remains scarce, and studies on its molecular identification and population genetic structure are still lacking. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of P. dufourii was elucidated for the first time using Illumina sequencing. The mitochondrial genome is 15,354 bp in size and encodes approximately 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 1 control region. Analysis of 13 protein-coding genes revealed that UUA, UCA, CGA, and GGA were the most common codons, while nad4L had the fastest evolutionary rate and cox1 the slowest. Phylogenetic analysis based on the mitochondrial genome indicated that P. dufourii is clustered with other species of the family Nycteribiidae and is most closely related to Nycteribia parvula and Phthiridium szechuanum.

Penicillidia dufourii(Westwood 1834)是一种专门的寄生虫,被归类为蝙蝠科(Nycteribiidae),喜欢寄生在蝙蝠属(Myotis)各种蝙蝠的体表。Nycteribiidae 科的许多物种都是各种病原体的携带者,但对 P. dufourii 的研究仍然很少,对其分子鉴定和种群遗传结构的研究仍然缺乏。本研究首次利用 Illumina 测序技术阐明了 P. dufourii 的完整线粒体基因组。线粒体基因组大小为 15,354 bp,编码约 37 个基因,包括 13 个蛋白编码基因、22 个 tRNA 基因、2 个 rRNA 基因和 1 个控制区。对 13 个蛋白编码基因的分析表明,UUA、UCA、CGA 和 GGA 是最常见的密码子,而 nad4L 的进化速度最快,cox1 的进化速度最慢。基于线粒体基因组的系统进化分析表明,P. dufourii 与 Nycteribiidae 科的其他物种聚类,与 Nycteribia parvula 和 Phthiridium szechuanum 的亲缘关系最为密切。
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引用次数: 0
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Parasitology Research
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