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Polysemy and Context in Literary Works 文学作品中的一词多义与语境
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.22178/pos.92-7
Ilhama Khanaliyeva
. Polysemy is an essential linguistic process that occurs intensively in language. It plays a significant role in creating phraseological combinations and generating various semantic changes in the language. Polysemy should be distinguished from eurysemy (lexical broadness) and homonymy. Polysemy and eurythmy in language and speech reveal some common properties; however, they are essentially different linguistic phenomena. In Eurysemy, the word's meaning is realized similarly through the context, but it does not undergo significant changes. One of the structural components of a polysemous word is a lexico-semantic variation or separate meaning, which is essential in the study of polysemy. Elimination of polysemy - actualization of a particular meaning of a word is carried out in context. There are two opposing views regarding the nature of a word's linguistic meaning in linguistics. The word itself has no lexical meaning and acquires it only in context. The lexical meaning initially enters the word and is only expressed and recognized in context. A polysemantic word implemented within a set of fixed indicators has a phraseologically related meaning, and each combination of a given polysemantic word with a specific hand becomes a separate phrase. The article deals with polysemy in language generally and in literary works. It explains its significant role in creating phraseological combinations and generating semantic changes in the language and other linguistic features.
. 一词多义是语言中大量存在的重要语言过程。它在创造短语组合和产生语言的各种语义变化方面起着重要作用。一词多义应区别于词的广泛性和同音。语言和言语中的一词多义和一词多韵显示出一些共同的特性;然而,它们本质上是不同的语言现象。在《Eurysemy》中,这个词的意义同样通过上下文来实现,但它并没有经历重大的变化。多义词的结构成分之一是词汇语义变异或独立意义,这在多义词研究中是必不可少的。消除一词多义——在语境中实现一个词的特定意义。在语言学中,关于一个词的语言学意义的本质有两种对立的观点。这个词本身没有词汇意义,只有在上下文中才有意义。词汇意义最初进入单词,只有在上下文中才能表达和识别。在一组固定指示符内实现的多义词具有与短语相关的意义,并且给定的多义词与特定手势的每次组合都成为一个单独的短语。本文论述了语言和文学作品中的一词多义现象。它解释了它在创造短语组合和产生语言语义变化以及其他语言特征方面的重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Restoration Mechanisms of Cancelled Authentic Deed 被撤销的真实契约的恢复机制
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.22178/pos.92-21
Robby Auzini Baidhowi, Hirsanuddin Hirsanuddin, L. Suhartana
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引用次数: 0
Themes and Semantic Features of Anthroponyms in Azerbaijani Epic Folklore 阿塞拜疆史诗民间传说拟人词的主题与语义特征
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.22178/pos.92-8
Arasta Ihlas kyzy Khudiyeva
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引用次数: 0
All Smart Children (SAC) Program Planning Through Literacy and Numeration at Darek 2 State Elementary School, Indonesia 全聪明儿童(SAC)计划通过读写和计算在Darek 2州立小学,印度尼西亚
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.22178/pos.92-11
Nurul Ahyana, U. Waluyo, Mohamad Mustari
. This study aims to determine the planning program All Smart Children (known as SAC) through Literacy and Numeracy at SD Negeri 2 Darek. This study used descriptive qualitative methods, while data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and documentation. The research results show that basic literacy and numeracy planning includes facilities, activity schedules, and learning activities. The research results conclude that the basic literacy program, which consists of planning, has been implemented correctly, as seen from using the SAC program.
。本研究旨在通过SD Negeri 2 Darek的识字和算术来确定所有聪明儿童(简称SAC)的计划计划。本研究采用描述性定性方法,而数据收集技术采用观察、访谈和文献。研究结果表明,基础识字和算术规划包括设施、活动安排和学习活动。研究结果表明,从使用SAC计划的角度来看,基本扫盲计划的实施是正确的。
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引用次数: 0
Coordination of Academic Supervision of Supervisors and Principals towards the Learning Quality Improvement Process at SMK Negeri 1 Al-Mubarkeya Aceh Besar District, Indonesia 协调印尼亚齐Besar地区Negeri Al-Mubarkeya SMK主管和校长的学术监督,以提高学习质量
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.22178/pos.92-18
Masroel Afdal, Niswanto Niswanto, Bahrun Bahrun
. Providing quality education requires setting up a cooperative relationship to achieve the goals of the educational organisation. The coordination of supervisors and principals in academic supervision aims to improve the quality of learning with existing educational resources effectively and efficiently. This study aimed to find out: 1) the planning of the academic supervision programme of supervisors and principals; 2) strategies in implementing Academic Supervision of Supervisors and Principals; 3) obstacles to Academic Supervision of Supervisors and Principals to the Learning Quality Improvement Process at SMK Negeri 1 Al-Mubarkeya, Aceh Besar Regency. The subjects of this research are school supervisors, principals and teachers at SMK Negeri 1 Al-Mubarkeya Aceh Besar District - data analysis using descriptive qualitative, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study results are 1) The planning of the academic supervision programme by the principal is carried out at the beginning of the school year through a meeting with the teachers' council. The programme supervises learning devices, monitoring, learning process and learning outcomes assessment. 2) The strategy for implementing the academic supervision programme by the principal is carried out in four stages, namely: initial survey before conducting academic supervision, classroom visits, interviews outside the classroom and evaluation of the results of classroom visits and. 3) Obstacles in academic supervision, namely: limited time in supervising teachers, lack of personal, leadership and professional qualities, incentives from the government that are still lacking and, the motivation that is still lacking.
. 提供优质教育需要建立合作关系,以实现教育组织的目标。督导与校长在学业督导中的协调,旨在有效、高效地利用现有教育资源提高学习质量。本研究旨在了解:1)主管与校长的学业督导计划;2)督导与校长学术督导的实施策略;3)亚齐省行政自治州Negeri Al-Mubarkeya SMK督学和校长对学习质量改进过程的学术监督障碍。本研究的对象是亚齐Besar地区Negeri Al-Mubarkeya SMK的学校主管、校长和教师,采用描述性定性分析方法进行数据分析,包括数据简化、数据展示和得出结论。研究结果如下:(1)校长在学年开始时通过与教师委员会的会议来规划学业监督方案。该计划监督学习设备、监测、学习过程和学习成果评估。2)校长实施学业监督计划的策略分为四个阶段,即:进行学业监督前的初步调查、课堂访问、课堂外访谈和课堂访问结果评估。3)学术监督的障碍,即:监督教师的时间有限,个人素质、领导能力和专业素质的缺乏,政府的激励仍然缺乏,动机仍然缺乏。
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引用次数: 0
Cyberloafing of Education Personnel at Muhammadiyah and Aisyiyah Universities in Pontianak City, Indonesia 印尼pontiak市Muhammadiyah和Aisyiyah大学教育人员的网络闲逛
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.22178/pos.92-3
Seryl Agista Ananda, Elly Trisnawati, Otik Widyastutik
. Cyberloafing is spending time intentionally using internet access unrelated to work, affecting work performance and productivity. In a descriptive study conducted on employees of a company in Banda Aceh, the majority of workers cyberloafing in the moderate category (63%), high category (15%) and low category (22%). This cyberloafing habit hurts employees and the company. This study aims to discover cyberloafing's description in academic staff at Muhammadiyah Higher Education and 'Aisyiyah Pontianak City. This study used a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 62 people who are educational staff from 3 Muhammadiyah and 'Aisyiyah universities in Pontianak City. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique. Research data was collected using instruments through the Google form and analyzed univariately, displaying the frequency distribution data for each variable. The results showed that cyberloafing (72%) was in the moderate category, the level of work fatigue (51.6%) was in the mild class, role overload (53.2%) was in the medium category, work stress (67.7%) was in the moderate category, the level of job satisfaction (59.7%) the type is dissatisfied, and the level of workload (85.5%) is relatively high in the education staff at Muhammadiyah and 'Aisyiyah Universities, Pontianak City. It is recommended that superiors and educational staff at the three tertiary institutions establish good cooperation, maintain communication, and create comfort in their workplaces. In addition, agency leaders can provide support through awards or rewards, such as office outings, to education staff. It is also recommended that the agency where you work monitor internet usage during working hours so that it does not have a negative impact that will harm both parties.
. “网络闲逛”指的是故意使用与工作无关的互联网,影响工作表现和生产力。在对班达亚齐一家公司的员工进行的一项描述性研究中,大多数工人在中等类别(63%),高类别(15%)和低类别(22%)中进行网络闲逛。这种上网闲逛的习惯伤害了员工和公司。本研究旨在发现默罕默迪亚高等教育和阿西雅pontiana市的学术人员对网络闲逛的描述。本研究采用横断面方法的描述性观察设计。本研究样本为来自pontinak市3所Muhammadiyah和Aisyiyah大学的62名教育人员。采用有目的抽样法取样。通过Google表格使用仪器收集研究数据,单变量分析,显示每个变量的频率分布数据。结果显示,Pontianak市Muhammadiyah和Aisyiyah大学教育人员的网络闲逛(72%)为中度,工作疲劳(51.6%)为轻度,角色超载(53.2%)为中度,工作压力(67.7%)为中度,工作满意度(59.7%)为不满意类型,工作量水平(85.5%)较高。建议三所高等院校的领导和教育人员在工作场所建立良好的合作关系,保持沟通,创造舒适。此外,机构领导人可以通过奖励或奖励,如办公室郊游,向教育人员提供支持。我们还建议你工作的机构在工作时间监控互联网的使用情况,这样就不会产生对双方都有害的负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Personal Guarantee as Legal Protection as a Result of Debtor Default in Credit Agreements 个人担保作为信用协议中债务人违约的法律保护
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.22178/pos.92-20
Nur Mawadah Pratiwi, Djumardin Djumardin, Hirsanuddin Hirsanuddin
. This study analysed the liability of personal guarantees and legal protection for personal guarantees due to debtor defaults in credit agreements. This normative legal research examined primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Legal materials were collected by document study and analysed normatively and prescriptively. Forms of legal protection for personal guarantees include, such as the guarantor can ask for a return from the debtor in the condition of compensation for all losses that the guarantor may suffer as a result of non-fulfilment of obligations by the debtor; the guarantor only serves as a companion to the debtor, in the sense that as long as the debtor is current, there are no problems in the loan instalments until they are paid off. There are efforts to save credit or credit restructuring before the execution of particular collateral objects belonging to the debtor or collateral belonging to personal guarantees. The bank, as the creditor, should provide an understanding to the prospective guarantor about his function and position as a guarantor to avoid the risk of loss on the part of the guarantor. The debtor should determine if the guarantor is adequate in finances and understands his position as a guarantor. The guarantor should have good faith in helping the debtor in the event of default so that the implementation of the credit agreement can run smoothly until the credit is repaid so that, in the future, it can carry out all responsibilities to the fullest. Further, in the personal guarantee agreement, it is best if the heirs of the personal guarantee are notified in advance when the deal takes place to avoid inheritance disputes.
. 本研究分析了个人担保的责任以及信用协议中债务人违约对个人担保的法律保护。这项规范性法律研究审查了初级、二级和三级法律材料。通过文献研究收集法律资料,并进行规范、规范的分析。个人担保的法律保护形式包括,如担保人可以要求债务人返还,条件是赔偿担保人因债务人不履行义务而可能遭受的一切损失;担保人只是作为债务人的伴侣,从某种意义上说,只要债务人是当前的,在贷款分期付款中没有问题,直到他们还清。在执行属于债务人的特定抵押品或属于个人担保的抵押品之前,有挽救信贷或信用重组的努力。银行作为债权人,应当向准保证人说明其作为保证人的职能和地位,以避免保证人遭受损失的风险。债务人应确定担保人的财务状况是否充足,并了解其作为担保人的地位。担保人在债务人违约的情况下,应当有善意地帮助债务人,使信用协议的执行能够顺利进行,直到信用得到偿还,以便将来能够最大限度地履行所有责任。此外,在个人担保协议中,最好在交易发生时提前通知个人担保的继承人,以避免继承纠纷。
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引用次数: 0
Optimisation of Educational Facilities and Infrastructure Management in Supporting Student Learning Activities in Senior High Schools in Nagan Raya Regency, Indonesia 优化教育设施和基础设施管理,支持学生学习活动在纳甘拉雅县,印度尼西亚高中
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.22178/pos.92-17
Via Risna Dewi, M. Murniati, Nasir Usman
. Management of educational facilities and infrastructure can be interpreted as utilising all existing components related to educational facilities and infrastructure in schools in supporting the educational process. This study describes the management of educational facilities and infrastructure supporting student learning activities in SMA Nagan Raya Regency. The method used is a descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach - data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The research subjects are the Principal, Vice Principal for Facilities and Infrastructure, and Teachers. The results showed that: 1) educational facilities and infrastructure planning is carried out during meetings involving the principal, vice-principals, and all teachers related to the school's needs in supporting student learning activities. 2) Procurement of educational facilities and infrastructure is carried out by considering the current needs at the school and adjusting to the available budget. If the procurement can be fulfilled with the BOS budget, then the procurement is done with the available BOS budget. 3) The inventory of educational facilities and infrastructure is adjusted to the condition of the facilities and infrastructure available at the school. 4) The school's needs carry out the distribution and utilisation of educational facilities and infrastructure. 5) Maintenance of educational facilities and infrastructure begins with checking the facilities and infrastructure available at the school. 6) Eliminating educational facilities and infrastructure in schools has never been implemented.
. 教育设施和基础设施的管理可以解释为利用与学校教育设施和基础设施有关的所有现有组成部分来支持教育进程。本研究描述了SMA纳甘拉雅县支持学生学习活动的教育设施和基础设施的管理。使用的方法是描述性分析方法与定性方法-数据收集技术,通过观察,访谈和文献研究。研究对象为校长、主管设施及基建的副校长和教师。结果表明:1)学校的教育设施和基础设施规划是在校长、副校长和所有教师参加的会议上进行的,这些会议与学校支持学生学习活动的需求有关。2)教育设施和基础设施的采购是根据学校当前的需求进行的,并根据现有的预算进行调整。如果采购可以用BOS预算完成,那么采购就是用可用的BOS预算完成的。3)根据学校现有的设施和基础设施的情况,对教育设施和基础设施的清单进行调整。4)学校的需求决定了教育设施和基础设施的分配和利用。5)教育设施和基础设施的维护从检查学校现有的设施和基础设施开始。6)取消学校的教育设施和基础设施从未得到执行。
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引用次数: 0
The Leadership of School Principles in Developing Religious School Culture at the Basic Education Level in Jagong Jeget District, Cen-tral Aceh District, Indonesia 学校原则在发展宗教学校文化的基础教育中的领导作用——印尼中亚齐地区Jagong Jeget地区
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.22178/pos.92-2
Idayani Idayani, Khairuddiin Khairuddiin, Bahrun Bahrun
. Principal leadership is also required to create an excellent organisational climate so that all components of the school can play a role together to achieve the goals and objectives of the school organisation. The research objective was to determine the principal's leadership in developing a religious school culture at the basic education level in Jagong Jeget District, Central Aceh District. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were school principals, teachers, staff, students, and parents in Jagong Jeget District. The results of the study found: 1) the principal's program in developing school culture consists of the vision, mission, goals and program targets; making plans for program activities; creating religious school culture programs in the form of reading asmaul husna, reading blessings, reading daily prayers, reading short surahs, dhuha prayers, reading yasin together, extracurricular tahfizh and so on. Second, the principal's strategy in developing a religious school culture is power, persuasion, and normative strategies. 3) Factors supporting the school principal's leadership in developing a religious school culture are adequate facilities and infrastructure and support from various parties that can support the creation of a religious school culture. At the same time, the inhibiting factors for developing religious school culture are inadequate water availability and limited places for ablution. The solution to these obstacles can be minimised.
.校长的领导也需要创造一个良好的组织氛围,使学校的所有组成部分能够共同发挥作用,以实现学校组织的目标和宗旨。研究的目的是确定校长在亚齐中部贾贡杰杰地区基础教育阶段发展宗教学校文化的领导能力。本研究采用定性方法和描述性方法。数据收集技术是通过观察、访谈和记录来进行的。研究对象为慈公济杰地区的校长、教师、教职员、学生和家长。研究结果发现:1)校长的学校文化发展计划由愿景、使命、目标和计划指标组成;策划项目活动;以诵读阿斯摩胡斯那、诵读祝福、诵读每日祷文、诵读短经文、呼哈祷文、一起诵读雅信、课外塔菲什等形式,打造宗教学校文化项目。其次,校长发展宗教学校文化的策略是权力、说服和规范策略。3)支持校长领导宗教学校文化发展的因素是充足的设施和基础设施以及支持宗教学校文化创建的各方的支持。同时,宗教学校文化发展的制约因素是水资源供应不足和沐浴场所有限。这些障碍的解决办法可以最小化。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Human Resource Quality Indicators in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia 印度尼西亚南苏拉威西省人力资源质量指标分析
Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.22178/pos.92-22
I. Runi
. The era of globalisation, the development of science and technology, has a considerable influence on outcomes in various aspects of development. The quality of human resources is inseparable from the education a person or society achieves. The low rate of human resources causes a complicated cycle of life, one of which is the cycle of poverty which is very complex in Indonesian society. This study aims to analyse indicators of the quality of human resources in the province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The data collection method used is observation. Data were analysed descriptively. The results showed that there are at least two important things for the population of productive age concerning the condition of human resources in South Sulawesi Province, where there is an imbalance between the number of job opportunities outside the agricultural sector and the working age population, as well as the education level of the working age population which is still relatively low. The quality of Human Resources can be improved through education and technical training. Leaders can pay special attention to Human Resources development to enhance competitive performance.
. 全球化时代,科学技术的发展,对发展的各个方面产生了相当大的影响。人力资源的质量离不开个人或社会所受的教育。人力资源的低利用率导致了复杂的生活循环,其中之一就是贫穷的循环,这在印度尼西亚社会是非常复杂的。本研究旨在分析印尼南苏拉威西省人力资源质量指标。采用观察法收集数据。对数据进行描述性分析。研究结果表明,在南苏拉威西省的人力资源状况中,生产年龄人口至少有两个重要的问题,即农业部门以外的就业机会数量与工作年龄人口之间存在不平衡,以及工作年龄人口的教育水平仍然相对较低。人力资源的素质可以通过教育和技术培训来提高。领导者可以特别重视人力资源的开发,以提高竞争绩效。
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引用次数: 0
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