Gastrostomy tube insertion has become a more common practice in pediatric patients. An increasing number of children both in health-care facilities and at home are relying on temporary or long-term enteral feeding. Gastrostomy tube placement can be accomplished by various methods and by a variety of specialists. Despite the overall safety of these procedures, both early and late complications can occur. It is important for pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists to be familiar with and aware of the indications, safety, and management of gastrostomies. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the topic.
{"title":"Gastrostomy Tubes: Indications, Types, and Care.","authors":"Inna Novak, Nerissa K Velazco","doi":"10.1542/pir.2022-005647","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2022-005647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrostomy tube insertion has become a more common practice in pediatric patients. An increasing number of children both in health-care facilities and at home are relying on temporary or long-term enteral feeding. Gastrostomy tube placement can be accomplished by various methods and by a variety of specialists. Despite the overall safety of these procedures, both early and late complications can occur. It is important for pediatricians and pediatric subspecialists to be familiar with and aware of the indications, safety, and management of gastrostomies. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The incidence of diabetes in children and adolescents has increased during the past decades, with a 1.9% increase per year in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Patients with diabetes have a greater risk of hospitalizations compared with those without diabetes. Clear evidence has emerged in the past decade that supports appropriate glycemic control in the hospital setting to improve clinical outcomes and reduce the risk of hospital complications and mortality. Determining the appropriate insulin regimen in patients with T1DM in the hospital depends on the clinical status, type of outpatient insulin regimen (multiple daily injections versus pump therapy), glycemic control before admission, nutritional status, procedures, and enteral versus parenteral nutrition. Due to the complexity of the inpatient management of diabetes, institutions should have an inpatient diabetes management team that includes dietitians, diabetes educators, nurses, pharmacists, social workers, and endocrinologists. The use of inpatient diabetes teams has been demonstrated to be beneficial in the management of patients with T1DM.
{"title":"Type 1 Diabetes Management in the Hospital Setting.","authors":"Andrea Granados, Adriana Carrillo Iregui","doi":"10.1542/pir.2022-005645","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2022-005645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of diabetes in children and adolescents has increased during the past decades, with a 1.9% increase per year in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Patients with diabetes have a greater risk of hospitalizations compared with those without diabetes. Clear evidence has emerged in the past decade that supports appropriate glycemic control in the hospital setting to improve clinical outcomes and reduce the risk of hospital complications and mortality. Determining the appropriate insulin regimen in patients with T1DM in the hospital depends on the clinical status, type of outpatient insulin regimen (multiple daily injections versus pump therapy), glycemic control before admission, nutritional status, procedures, and enteral versus parenteral nutrition. Due to the complexity of the inpatient management of diabetes, institutions should have an inpatient diabetes management team that includes dietitians, diabetes educators, nurses, pharmacists, social workers, and endocrinologists. The use of inpatient diabetes teams has been demonstrated to be beneficial in the management of patients with T1DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adolescent Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorders.","authors":"Rachel H Alinsky, Jennifer Hipp","doi":"10.1542/pir.2022-005896","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2022-005896","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaitlyn Mullin, Rebecca M Rentea, Meagan Appleby, Patrick T Reeves
Despite the advancement of medical therapies in the care of the preterm neonate, in the management of short bowel syndrome and the control of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease, the need to create fecal ostomies remains a common, advantageous treatment option for many medically complex children.
{"title":"Gastrointestinal Ostomies in Children: A Primer for the Pediatrician.","authors":"Kaitlyn Mullin, Rebecca M Rentea, Meagan Appleby, Patrick T Reeves","doi":"10.1542/pir.2023-006195","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2023-006195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the advancement of medical therapies in the care of the preterm neonate, in the management of short bowel syndrome and the control of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease, the need to create fecal ostomies remains a common, advantageous treatment option for many medically complex children.</p>","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vulvar Ulcers in a Non-Sexually Active Adolescent.","authors":"Alisa Corrado, Savannah Cheo, Rose Walczak","doi":"10.1542/pir.2022-005917","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2022-005917","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lea R Goren, Alice C Lehman, Mark Luquette, Cynthia Howard, Beth K Thielen
{"title":"A Lytic Bone Lesion in a 23-month-old Boy from Kenya.","authors":"Lea R Goren, Alice C Lehman, Mark Luquette, Cynthia Howard, Beth K Thielen","doi":"10.1542/pir.2021-005473","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2021-005473","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah L Hanania, Christina R Hopkins, Tiffany J Herd
{"title":"Skin Hardening and Eczema in a 9-month-old Girl.","authors":"Hannah L Hanania, Christina R Hopkins, Tiffany J Herd","doi":"10.1542/pir.2022-005701","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2022-005701","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jasmin Shahrestani, Eric Landon Smart, Lazaro Mesa, Christa Martin
{"title":"Compartment Syndrome in the Pediatric Patient.","authors":"Jasmin Shahrestani, Eric Landon Smart, Lazaro Mesa, Christa Martin","doi":"10.1542/pir.2022-005562","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2022-005562","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael T Do, Saya K Bery, Emily L Joyce, Alexander I Gipsman
{"title":"New-Onset Hypertension and Seizures in a 10-year-old Girl with Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome.","authors":"Michael T Do, Saya K Bery, Emily L Joyce, Alexander I Gipsman","doi":"10.1542/pir.2022-005598","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2022-005598","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Short Stature and Brachydactyly in an 8-year-old Girl with Congenital Hypothyroidism.","authors":"Quinn S Fujii, Joseph J Shen, Lindsey A Loomba","doi":"10.1542/pir.2022-005722","DOIUrl":"10.1542/pir.2022-005722","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20007,"journal":{"name":"Pediatrics in review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140331970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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