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Optimizing 20 Gbps of ground-to-satellite free-space optical communication in low earth orbit with hybrid wavelength-mode division multiplexing 利用混合波长模式分复用优化低地球轨道上 20 Gbps 的地对卫星自由空间光通信
IF 2.9 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad78c4
Lina Marlina, Shofuro Afifah, Shien-Kuei Liaw, Pei-Jun Lee and Hiroki Kishikawa
High-speed free-space optical (FSO) communication has emerged as a promising technology for low earth orbit (LEO) region in the last decade. In this paper, we simulate 20 Gbps simplex ground-to-satellite with various wavelengths and transmitter beam pointing error of 0.1 to 2.5 urad. The C-band wavelength is chosen, and a non-return-zero (NRZ) pulse generator with 16 channels hybrid wavelength-mode division multiplexing (WDM-MDM) technique employing Hermite-Gaussian (HG) modes is used to vary the pointing error. The effect of beam pointing error and receiver aperture diameter was discussed in this paper. A transmitter beam pointing error of 2.5 urad can work appropriately at distances of 1000 km and 1500 km, with a BER value of 1.41 × 10−6 and 3.56 × 10−5, respectively. Based on the receiver aperture diameter of 100 cm, it successfully achieves a BER value of 2.4 × 10−8 at the LEO region and a clear eye diagram.
近十年来,高速自由空间光学(FSO)通信已成为低地球轨道(LEO)地区一项前景广阔的技术。在本文中,我们模拟了 20 Gbps 单工地对地卫星通信,通信波长各不相同,发射机波束指向误差在 0.1 到 2.5 urad 之间。我们选择了 C 波段波长,并使用带有 16 个通道的非归零(NRZ)脉冲发生器和采用赫米特-高斯(HG)模式的混合波分复用(WDM-MDM)技术来改变指向误差。本文讨论了波束指向误差和接收器孔径的影响。发射器波束指向误差为 2.5 urad 时,可在 1000 千米和 1500 千米的距离上正常工作,误码率分别为 1.41 × 10-6 和 3.56 × 10-5。在接收器孔径为 100 厘米的基础上,它成功地在低地球轨道区域实现了 2.4 × 10-8 的误码率值和清晰的眼图。
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引用次数: 0
Static, cylindrically symmetric spacetime in the coincident f(Q) gravity 重合 f(Q) 引力下的静态圆柱对称时空
IF 2.9 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad7995
Pınar Kirezli and Nilhan Özceylan
In this paper we consider a static, cylindrically symmetric spacetime with coincident f(Q) gravity. Since the field equation of this spacetime in symmetric teleparallel gravity is suitable for choosing the function of f(Q) in the form of power series and exponential forms which are in coherent with cosmological observations, anisotropic perfect fluid solutions of these forms are discussed for this spacetime. Energy densities, directional pressures and energy conditions are plotted and analysed for a few different metric potentials. Although corresponding cosmic strings violate all energy conditions in both f(Q) functions, the corresponding Levi-Civita solution violates all energy conditions in the power law function of f(Q), but for exponential f(Q) gravity they are satisfied in small regions.
在本文中,我们考虑了一个具有重合 f(Q) 引力的静态圆柱对称时空。由于该时空在对称远平行引力下的场方程适合选择与宇宙学观测结果一致的幂级数和指数形式的 f(Q) 函数,因此本文讨论了该时空的这些形式的各向异性完全流体解。绘制并分析了几种不同度量势的能量密度、方向压力和能量条件。虽然相应的宇宙弦违反了两个 f(Q) 函数中的所有能量条件,但相应的 Levi-Civita 解违反了 f(Q) 幂律函数中的所有能量条件,但对于指数 f(Q) 引力,它们在小区域内都得到了满足。
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引用次数: 0
Luminescence and dielectric investigations of crystalline niobate nanoceramics prepared through aqueous chemical process 通过水化学工艺制备的结晶铌酸盐纳米陶瓷的发光和介电研究
IF 2.9 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad7999
Kakali Sarkar and Vivek Kumar
The present study reflects the synthesis of MgNb2O6 using hydrofluoric acid via a wet chemical approach, followed by characterizations involving XRD, electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, optical analyses, and impedance spectroscopy. The crystallite size of the synthesized material was determined to be 44 nm through XRD analysis. The lattice parameters of MgNb2O6 a, b, and c, were found to be 14.1998 Å, 5.6844 Å, and 4.9813 Å, respectively. Raman spectroscopy identified molecular bonds ranging from 253 to 1011 cm−1, mainly indicating the presence of metal oxide bonds. EDX spectra confirmed the presence of Mg, Nb, and O atoms in the prepared ceramics, indicating phase purity. FESEM analysis revealed a grain size of approximately 48 nm, with the presence of agglomerated grains. Bright spots in the SAED pattern observed by HRTEM confirmed the crystallinity of the prepared niobate materials, with the HRTEM microstructure showing a particle size near 49 nm. The crystallite size by XRD, grain size by FESEM, and particle size by HRTEM are in accordance with each other. The direct band gap was determined to be approximately 2.76 eV using UV-Visible spectroscopy. Additionally, MgNb2O6 materials exhibited a broad and strong photoluminescence emission near 445 nm with excitation at 270 nm, possibly indicating the presence of radiative defects in the crystalline nanostructure. Furthermore, impedance studies conducted between 40 and 110 MHz demonstrated a decrease in the dielectric constant at higher frequencies, reaching 21.06 at 110 MHz. A low dielectric loss was also observed at 110 MHz. The moderate band gap and strong room-temperature photoluminescence in the visible range make magnesium niobates suitable for possible applications in optical devices. This investigation shows that a dielectric constant near 21 and low dielectric loss can be achieved in the high-frequency range around 110 MHz.
本研究采用湿化学方法,使用氢氟酸合成了 MgNb2O6,随后进行了 XRD、电子显微镜、拉曼光谱、光学分析和阻抗光谱等表征。通过 XRD 分析,确定合成材料的晶体尺寸为 44 纳米。发现 MgNb2O6 a、b 和 c 的晶格参数分别为 14.1998 Å、5.6844 Å 和 4.9813 Å。拉曼光谱发现分子键的范围为 253 至 1011 cm-1,主要表明存在金属氧化物键。乙二胺四乙酸(EDX)光谱证实了制备的陶瓷中存在镁、铌和 O 原子,表明了相的纯度。FESEM 分析显示晶粒大小约为 48 nm,存在团聚晶粒。HRTEM 观察到的 SAED 图样中的亮点证实了制备的铌酸盐材料具有结晶性,HRTEM 显微结构显示颗粒尺寸接近 49 nm。XRD 的晶体尺寸、FESEM 的晶粒尺寸和 HRTEM 的颗粒尺寸相互吻合。利用紫外可见光谱测定的直接带隙约为 2.76 eV。此外,在 270 纳米波长的激发下,MgNb2O6 材料在 445 纳米波长附近显示出宽而强的光致发光,这可能表明晶体纳米结构中存在辐射缺陷。此外,在 40 至 110 兆赫之间进行的阻抗研究表明,介电常数在频率越高时越小,在 110 兆赫时达到 21.06。在 110 MHz 时还观察到较低的介电损耗。铌酸镁在可见光范围内具有适中的带隙和较强的室温光致发光特性,因此可应用于光学设备中。这项研究表明,在 110 MHz 左右的高频范围内,介电常数接近 21,介电损耗较低。
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引用次数: 0
Zn-MOF as a saturable absorber for thulium/holmium-doped fiber laser Zn-MOF 作为掺铥/掺钬光纤激光器的可饱和吸收体
IF 2.9 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad7896
H Ahmad, J W Chiam, M Z Samion, K Thambiratnam, S Mutlu, S S Yılmaz, N Arsu and B Ortaç
Metal–organic framework (MOF) is a class of material that is highly porous and modular. Due to their unique properties, MOFs have found applications in gas storage, gas separation, sensing, and supercapacitors. [Zn2(H2L)2(1,2-Bis(4-pyridyl)ethene)4]n, zinc (Zn)-based MOF was used in this work to achieve mode-locked operation in a thulium/holmium-doped fiber laser due to its excellent optical absorption at a wavelength of 1925 nm. The saturable absorber (SA) was fabricated by drop-casting a mixture of Zn-MOF and isopropanol on an arc-shaped fiber. The center wavelength of the mode-locked laser is 1906.75 nm, with a maximum average output power of 3.251 mW. The fundamental repetition rate and the pulse width were 12.89 MHz and 1.772 ps. At the same time, the pulse energy and peak power were 252 pJ and 142 W, respectively. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time an MOF has been used for mode-locked pulse generation in a thulium/holmium-doped all-fiber laser. This work extends the use of MOF material as a saturable absorber for mode-locking applications in near-infrared fiber lasers.
金属有机框架(MOF)是一类高度多孔和模块化的材料。由于其独特的性质,MOF 在气体储存、气体分离、传感和超级电容器等领域都有应用。[Zn2(H2L)2(1,2-Bis(4-pyridyl)ethene)4]n 是一种以锌(Zn)为基质的 MOF,由于其在 1925 nm 波长处具有极佳的光吸收特性,因此在本研究中被用于在掺铥/掺钬光纤激光器中实现锁模运行。可饱和吸收体(SA)是通过在弧形光纤上滴铸 Zn-MOF 和异丙醇的混合物而制成的。锁模激光器的中心波长为 1906.75 nm,最大平均输出功率为 3.251 mW。基本重复率和脉冲宽度分别为 12.89 MHz 和 1.772 ps。同时,脉冲能量和峰值功率分别为 252 pJ 和 142 W。据作者所知,这是首次在掺铥/掺钬全光纤激光器中使用 MOF 产生锁模脉冲。这项研究拓展了 MOF 材料作为可饱和吸收体在近红外光纤激光器锁模应用中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative study of structural, opto-electronic properties of Cs2TiX6-based single halide double perovskite solar cells: computational and experimental approach 基于 Cs2TiX6 的单卤化物双包晶太阳能电池的结构和光电特性比较研究:计算和实验方法
IF 2.9 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad77fc
Kunal Chakraborty, Nageswara Rao Medikondu, Prakash Babu Kanakavalli, Vinjamuri Venkata Kamesh, Sudipta Das, Mahua Gupta Choudhury and Samrat Paul
This research work represents a comparative study of the structural, optical, and electronic properties of Cs2TiX6 single halide perovskite solar cell (PSC). The entire work has been carried out by experimental work under ambient conditions and followed by the DFT method. Absorbing material structural parameters (lattice constant, shape), and band gap energy can be easily estimated from the DFT approach which can be compared with the result of experimental work. Our study shows Cs2TiBr6 PSC has better band gap energy of 1.80 eV (numerically) and 1.82 eV (experimentally), open circuit voltage 0.58 V, short circuit current 2.55 mA cm−2 for the photovoltaic application. Also, the higher Zeta potential value of Cs2TiBr6 PSC indicates that it has better material stability and is less volatile compared to Cs2TiI6, Cs2TiCl6, and Cs2TiF6 PSCs. TEM images and the SAED pattern of the active layers show a higher degree of crystallite nature of the PSCs.On the other look, investigated PSC materials Cs2TiBr6, Cs2TiI6, Cs2TiCl6, and Cs2TiF6 have shown visible light emission edges at 358 nm, 375 nm, 363 nm, 735 nm wavelength, and the optical performance area of the Cs2TiBr6, Cs2TiI6, Cs2TiCl6, Cs2TiF6 samples is recorded up to 700 nm, 760 nm, 540 nm, and 660 nm wavelength, respectively.
这项研究工作是对 Cs2TiX6 单卤化物包晶太阳能电池(PSC)的结构、光学和电子特性进行比较研究。整个研究工作都是在环境条件下通过实验进行的,并采用了 DFT 方法。吸收材料的结构参数(晶格常数、形状)和带隙能可以很容易地通过 DFT 方法估算出来,并与实验结果进行比较。我们的研究表明,Cs2TiBr6 PSC 的带隙能为 1.80 eV(数值)和 1.82 eV(实验),开路电压为 0.58 V,短路电流为 2.55 mA cm-2,具有较好的光伏应用性能。此外,与 Cs2TiI6、Cs2TiCl6 和 Cs2TiF6 PSC 相比,Cs2TiBr6 PSC 的 Zeta 电位值更高,表明其材料稳定性更好,挥发性更低。活性层的 TEM 图像和 SAED 图样显示,PSCs 的结晶度更高。另一方面,所研究的 Cs2TiBr6、Cs2TiI6、Cs2TiCl6 和 Cs2TiF6 PSC 材料在 358 nm、375 nm、363 nm 和 735 nm 波长处显示出可见光发射边缘,Cs2TiBr6、Cs2TiI6、Cs2TiCl6 和 Cs2TiF6 样品的光学性能区域分别记录到 700 nm、760 nm、540 nm 和 660 nm 波长。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of thermally induced surface composition and morphology variation of magnetron sputtered Sb2Se3 absorber layer for thin film solar cells 用于薄膜太阳能电池的磁控溅射 Sb2Se3 吸收层的热诱导表面成分和形貌变化研究
IF 2.9 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad7992
Ayten Cantas
One of the most promising semiconductor materials for the development of sustainable thin-film solar cell technology is antimony selenide (Sb2Se3). Its excellent optical and electrical properties have drawn attention lately for potential application in thin-film solar cells. In this study, Sb2Se3 films deposited using the direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering technique have been subjected to a post-annealing process without an extra selenium supply at temperatures between 150 and 450 °C. Without an extra selenium supply, the impact of post-annealing temperature on the surface composition as well as the physical properties of the fabricated films was investigated. The overall evaluations revealed that the post-annealing temperature is highly efficient in altering the physical properties of the Sb2Se3 absorber thin films. We further observed that the post-annealing process improved the crystallization and the heat treatment temperature quite affected preferential orientation. The surface morphology of films exhibited structural deformation at high post-annealing temperatures (> 350 °C). According to optical and electrical characterizations, respectively, the optical energy gap and the resistivity of Sb2Se3 films reduced with an increment in the post-annealing temperature. Based on the XPS result, the variation in temperature of post-annealing led to a change in the surface composition of the films. The findings on the growth of Sb2Se3 thin films indicate the existence of an intermediate growth temperature that permits the growth of Sb2Se3 films to be optimized. The study’s conclusions can serve as a guide to the growth of Sb2Se3 thin films with the desired crystallinity, surface morphology, and composition for thin film solar cell applications.
硒化锑(Sb2Se3)是开发可持续薄膜太阳能电池技术最有前途的半导体材料之一。硒化锑(Sb2Se3)具有优异的光学和电学特性,最近引起了人们对其在薄膜太阳能电池中潜在应用的关注。在这项研究中,使用直流(DC)磁控溅射技术沉积的 Sb2Se3 薄膜在 150 至 450 °C 的温度下进行了后退火处理,没有额外的硒供应。在没有额外硒供应的情况下,研究了后退火温度对薄膜表面成分和物理特性的影响。总体评估结果表明,后退火温度能有效改变 Sb2Se3 吸收薄膜的物理性质。我们进一步观察到,后退火工艺改善了结晶,热处理温度对优先取向有相当大的影响。在高的后退火温度(> 350 °C)下,薄膜的表面形态表现出结构变形。根据光学和电学表征,Sb2Se3 薄膜的光学能隙和电阻率分别随着后退火温度的升高而降低。根据 XPS 结果,后退火温度的变化导致了薄膜表面成分的变化。有关 Sb2Se3 薄膜生长的研究结果表明,存在一个中间生长温度,可以优化 Sb2Se3 薄膜的生长。这项研究的结论可以指导薄膜太阳能电池应用中具有所需结晶度、表面形态和成分的 Sb2Se3 薄膜的生长。
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引用次数: 0
MXene-based semi-circle with a thin wire-shaped resonator wideband polarization-insensitive solar absorber 基于 MXene 的带细线形谐振器的半圆形宽带偏振不敏感太阳能吸收器
IF 2.9 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad78c5
Khaled Aliqab, Raj Agravat, Shobhit K Patel, Naim Ben Ali, Meshari Alsharari and Ammar Armghan
Fossil fuels’ supply peaks, decreases, and shortages are determined by their proven reserves, research, and consumption rates. With a large upfront cost, renewable and alternative energy sources are essential to solving the twin issues of energy and climate change. Solar absorbers are an excellent way to use renewable energy from the environment. This paper suggested an MXene-based semi-circle with a thin wire-shaped resonator (MSCWTWSR) solar absorber where the resonator layer consists of MXene material and Fe is used as substrate layer and the resonator has semi-circle and thin wire geometry which effectively absorbs the sun radiation with wideband. This proposed MSCWTWSR solar absorber works at 200–3000 (nm) wavelength and has more than 93% average absorption. The first band bandwidth of this MSCWTWSR solar absorber is 400 (nm), the second band is 530 (nm), and the third band is 470 (nm). This structure got more than 93% absorption in the AM 1.5 solar irradiation configuration. The structure gives in the Transverse electric (TE) field and Transverse magnetic (TM) field and the structure has polarization for insensitive. Furthermore, there is also investigated different incidence angles. A suggested article includes sections on testing for electric and magnetic intensities with a comparison table. The suggested solar absorber is employed in a distinct thermal heating application since MXene has a low thermal resistance and good thermal stability.
化石燃料的供应峰值、减少和短缺是由其探明储量、研究和消耗率决定的。可再生能源和替代能源的前期成本较高,对于解决能源和气候变化这两个问题至关重要。太阳能吸收器是利用环境中可再生能源的绝佳途径。本文提出了一种基于 MXene 的半圆形细线形谐振器(MSCWTWSR)太阳能吸收器,谐振器层由 MXene 材料组成,基底层为铁,谐振器具有半圆形和细线形的几何形状,可有效吸收宽带太阳辐射。这种 MSCWTWSR 太阳能吸收器的工作波长为 200-3000(纳米),平均吸收率超过 93%。这种 MSCWTWSR 太阳能吸收器的第一带宽为 400(纳米),第二带宽为 530(纳米),第三带宽为 470(纳米)。在 AM 1.5 太阳辐照配置下,该结构的吸收率超过 93%。该结构能在横向电场(TE)和横向磁场(TM)中产生吸收,而且对极化不敏感。此外,还研究了不同的入射角度。建议的文章包括测试电场和磁场强度的部分,并附有对照表。由于 MXene 具有低热阻和良好的热稳定性,建议的太阳能吸收器可用于独特的热加热应用。
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引用次数: 0
A study on the synthesis of superheavy element Mc (Z = 115) using lead, bismuth and actinide targets 利用铅、铋和锕系元素靶合成超重元素麦克(Z = 115)的研究
IF 2.9 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad77fb
V Safoora, Tinu Ann Jose and K P Santhosh
The evaporation residue cross sections in synthesizing isotopes of superheavy element Mc (Z = 115) by the hot fusion reactions 48Ca+241,243Am→289,291Mc, 45Sc+240,242,244Pu→285,287,289Mc, 50Ti+236,237Np→286,287Mc, 51V+238U→289Mc, 36S+253Es→289Mc, 46K+248Cm→294Mc, and by the cold fusion reactions 78As+208Pb→286Mc, 76Ge+209Bi→285Mc have been systematically investigated using the phenomenological model for production cross section. We have predicted the most effective projectile-target combinations for synthesizing Mc isotopes among these reactions. Our result shows that the 3n- channel cross section is larger for the reaction 48Ca+243Am→291Mc, and the 4n- channel cross section is larger for the reaction 46K+248Cm→294Mc. This study also examines the effect of the use of mass values and shell corrections by the Möller and Warsaw groups. Using our predicted combinations and the cross section values at a range of excitation energies, we hope these isotopes of Mc can be synthesized in near-future experiments.
通过热核聚变反应 48Ca+241,243Am→289,291Mc、45Sc+240,242,244Pu→285,287,289Mc、50Ti+236,237Np→286,287Mc 合成超重元素 Mc(Z = 115)同位素的蒸发残余截面、51V+238U→289Mc、36S+253Es→289Mc、46K+248Cm→294Mc,以及冷核聚变反应 78As+208Pb→286Mc、76Ge+209Bi→285Mc 的产生截面现象学模型进行了系统研究。我们预测了在这些反应中合成麦克同位素最有效的射弹-靶组合。结果表明,48Ca+243Am→291Mc 反应的 3n- 通道截面较大,46K+248Cm→294Mc 反应的 4n- 通道截面较大。这项研究还考察了莫勒研究组和华沙研究组使用质量值和壳修正的影响。利用我们预测的组合和一系列激发能量下的截面值,我们希望在不久的将来的实验中能够合成这些镅同位素。
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引用次数: 0
Directional switching behavior of swarming systems with social and nonlinear interactions 具有社会和非线性相互作用的蜂群系统的定向切换行为
IF 2.9 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad7916
Wang Li, Shijie Liu, Donghua Zhao and Yongzheng Sun
Coordinated directional switching can occur among members of many mobile biological communities. Some studies show that self-propelled particle models can describe the directional switching behavior well. The key to understanding group movement is to determine the influential factors relevant to directional switching behavior. This paper focuses on the impact of social and nonlinear interactions on the directional switching behavior observed in swarming systems. In which, the nonlinear interaction is represented as a function of a trade-off between the velocity and velocity direction of its neighbors. Based on the framework of dimension reduction theory, the high-dimensional complex model is simplified into a one-dimensional simple model, and the stationary probability density and mean switching time are obtained by theoretical analysis of the one-dimensional model. It can be seen that social and nonlinear interactions play an important role in regulating the directional switching behaviors of swarming systems. Specifically, the increase of group density and nonlinear parameter can inhibit the directional switches. For Erdös-Rényi networks, the large mean degree can suppress the directional switching behavior. For scale-free networks, increasing the degree heterogeneity can reduce the mean switching time. The results reveal the underlying mechanisms by which social and nonlinear interactions influence the directional switching behaviors of swarming systems, and provide a theoretical foundation for the design of bio-inspired devices with specific functions.
许多移动生物群落的成员之间可能会发生协调的方向转换。一些研究表明,自走粒子模型可以很好地描述定向切换行为。理解群体运动的关键是确定与定向切换行为相关的影响因素。本文重点研究社会和非线性相互作用对蜂群系统中观察到的定向切换行为的影响。其中,非线性相互作用表示为其邻居的速度和速度方向之间的权衡函数。基于降维理论框架,将高维复杂模型简化为一维简单模型,并通过对一维模型的理论分析得到静态概率密度和平均切换时间。可以看出,社会和非线性相互作用在调节蜂群系统的方向切换行为中发挥了重要作用。具体来说,群体密度和非线性参数的增加会抑制方向性切换。对于埃尔德斯-雷尼(Erdös-Rényi)网络,大的平均度可以抑制定向切换行为。对于无标度网络,增加度异质性可以减少平均切换时间。研究结果揭示了社会和非线性相互作用影响蜂群系统定向切换行为的内在机制,为设计具有特定功能的生物启发装置提供了理论基础。
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引用次数: 0
Stability and evolution of skyrmionium and skyrmions in a spherical shell 天铱和天离子在球壳中的稳定性和演化
IF 2.9 3区 物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/ad7919
Jing Guo, Xin Zhang, Na Cai, Ruizhi Ren and Yan Liu
The study of magnetic structures, particularly those with curved geometries such as spherical shells, has obtained significant interest due to their potential applications in data storage, spintronics, and other advanced technologies. However, the effects of material parameters, geometric dimensions, and magnetic fields on the equilibrium and induced behaviors of skyrmions remain largely unresolved. Here, based on micromagnetic simulations, we firstly investigate the influence of spherical shell dimensions, magnetic anisotropy, exchange interaction, and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction on the magnetic states of spherical shells. We find that curvature effects become more pronounced with increasing thickness and decreasing radius, providing evidence for the role of curvature-induced DMI-like interactions in skyrmion formation. Additionally, we observe that applying a magnetic field to the spherical shell induces behaviors similar to those in disks, including the topological transition between skyrmionium and skyrmion states, the annihilation of skyrmions, and polarity reversal. Our study aims to advance the understanding of magnetic phenomena in curved geometries and contribute to the development of novel magnetic devices.
由于磁性结构在数据存储、自旋电子学和其他先进技术中的潜在应用,人们对磁性结构的研究,尤其是对球壳等具有弯曲几何形状的磁性结构的研究,产生了浓厚的兴趣。然而,材料参数、几何尺寸和磁场对天球的平衡和诱导行为的影响在很大程度上仍未得到解决。在此,我们基于微磁模拟,首先研究了球壳尺寸、磁各向异性、交换相互作用和 Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya 相互作用对球壳磁态的影响。我们发现,随着厚度的增加和半径的减小,曲率效应变得更加明显,这为曲率诱导的类似 DMI 的相互作用在天融形成中的作用提供了证据。此外,我们还观察到,对球形外壳施加磁场会诱发与磁盘中类似的行为,包括天电解质与天电解质态之间的拓扑转变、天电解质的湮灭以及极性反转。我们的研究旨在推进对曲面几何中磁性现象的理解,并为新型磁性器件的开发做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
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