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Third harmonic of the dynamic magnetic susceptibility of a concentrated ferrofluid: Numerical calculation and simple approximation formula 浓缩铁流体动态磁感应强度的三次谐波:数值计算和简单近似公式
IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.034605
Michael S. Rusanov, Vladimir S. Zverev, Ekaterina A. Elfimova
Information about the nonlinear magnetic response of dispersions of magnetic particles is the basis for biomedical applications. In this paper, using analytical and numerical methods, the third harmonic of the dynamic susceptibility of an ensemble of moving magnetic particles in an ac magnetic field with an arbitrary amplitude is studied, taking into account interparticle interactions. A simple approximation formula is proposed to predict the third harmonic as a function of two parameters: the Langevin susceptibility χL, which is used to estimate the particle dipole-dipole interactions, and the Langevin parameter ξ, which represents the ratio of the energy of the magnetic moment interacting with the magnetic field to the thermal energy. The derived approximation formula corresponds with the known single-particle theories in the limit case of a small particle's concentration and is valid for concentrated dispersions of magnetic particles (with the Langevin susceptibility up to χL3) in high-amplitude ac fields (with the Langevin parameter up to ξ10).
磁性粒子分散体的非线性磁响应信息是生物医学应用的基础。本文采用分析和数值方法,研究了在任意振幅交流磁场中运动磁性粒子集合体动态磁感应强度的三次谐波,并考虑了粒子间的相互作用。提出了一个简单的近似公式来预测三次谐波作为两个参数的函数:用于估计粒子偶极-偶极相互作用的朗格文感应强度 χL 和代表与磁场相互作用的磁矩能量与热能之比的朗格文参数 ξ。推导出的近似公式与已知的小粒子浓度极限情况下的单粒子理论相对应,并适用于高振幅交流磁场(朗格文参数ξ≤10)中的磁性粒子集中分散(朗格文感应强度最高为χL≤3)。
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引用次数: 0
Death-birth adaptive dynamics: modeling trait evolution 死亡-出生适应动态:性状进化建模
IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.l032401
Ian Braga, Emmanuel Pereira, Lucas Wardil
Here, we derive stochastic adaptive dynamics from the microscopic death-birth process by explicitly modeling the trait variation from offspring to parent in each reproductive event, thereby accounting for a highly polymorphic population. This generalization enables the construction of a quantitative model that can be subjected to empirical validation. Our mathematical analysis furnishes a formula for estimating the trait variation in the reproductive step by exclusively observing the current trait variation in the population. In addition, we provide a straightforward approach to obtain the fitness function associated with a particular trait by examining its actual evolutionary trajectory, which can be employed to forecast the continued evolution of the trait.
在这里,我们从微观的死亡-出生过程中推导出随机适应动力学,明确地模拟了每次繁殖过程中子代到父代的性状变异,从而考虑到高度多态的种群。这种概括使我们能够构建一个可进行经验验证的定量模型。我们的数学分析提供了一个公式,可以通过只观察种群当前的性状变异来估计繁殖步骤中的性状变异。此外,我们还提供了一种直接的方法,通过研究特定性状的实际进化轨迹来获得与之相关的适应度函数,从而预测该性状的持续进化。
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引用次数: 0
Wakefield-driven filamentation of warm beams in plasma 等离子体中温束的瓦克菲尔德驱动丝状化
IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.035208
Erwin Walter, John P. Farmer, Martin S. Weidl, Alexander Pukhov, Frank Jenko
Charged and quasineutral beams propagating through an unmagnetized plasma are subject to numerous collisionless instabilities on the small scale of the plasma skin depth. The electrostatic two-stream instability, driven by longitudinal and transverse wakefields, dominates for dilute beams. This leads to modulation of the beam along the propagation direction and, for wide beams, transverse filamentation. A three-dimensional spatiotemporal two-stream theory for warm beams with a finite extent is developed. Unlike the cold beam limit, diffusion due to a finite emittance gives rise to a dominant wave number and a cutoff wave number above which filamentation is suppressed. Particle-in-cell simulations with quasineutral electron-positron beams in the relativistic regime give excellent agreement with the theoretical model. This paper provides deeper insights into the effect of diffusion on filamentation of finite beams, crucial for comprehending plasma-based accelerators in laboratory and cosmic settings.
带电光束和准中性光束在未磁化等离子体中传播时,在等离子体表皮深度的小尺度上会受到许多无碰撞不稳定性的影响。由纵向和横向唤醒场驱动的静电双流不稳定性在稀束中占主导地位。这导致光束沿传播方向发生调制,对于宽光束,则会发生横向丝状化。针对具有有限范围的暖光束,提出了一种三维时空双流理论。与冷光束极限不同的是,有限幅射导致的扩散会产生一个主导波数和一个截止波数,超过截止波数,丝状现象就会被抑制。在相对论机制下,用准中性电子-正电子束进行的粒子间模拟与理论模型非常吻合。本文深入探讨了扩散对有限束丝化的影响,这对理解实验室和宇宙环境中基于等离子体的加速器至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Vibrational resonance in bichromatically excited diatomic molecules in a shifted molecular potential 偏移分子势中双色激发双原子分子的振动共振
IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.034209
O. G. Abamba, O. T. Kolebaje, U. E. Vincent, P. V. E. McClintock
For bichromatically excited diatomic molecules modeled in a shifted Tietz-Wei molecular potential, we demonstrate the occurrence of vibrational resonance (VR) when a saddle-node (SN) bifurcation takes place and its nonoccurrence in the absence of an SN bifurcation. We have examined the VR phenomenon and its connection with SN bifurcation for eight diatomic molecules, namely, H2, N2, Cl2, I2, O2, HF, CO, and NO, consisting of homogeneous, heterogenous, and halogen molecules. We demonstrate that each of them vibrates at a distinct resonant frequency but with a spread in frequency. The high-frequency amplitude at which VR occurs corresponds to the SN-bifurcation point. We validate our analytic results by numerical simulations and show that the homonuclear halogens respond only weakly to bichromatic fields, which may perhaps be linked to their absence of SN bifurcation.
对于在移位铁茨-魏分子势中建模的双色激发双原子分子,我们证明了在发生鞍节点(SN)分岔时会出现振动共振(VR),而在没有发生 SN 分岔时则不会出现振动共振。我们研究了八种二原子分子(即 H2、N2、Cl2、I2、O2、HF、CO 和 NO,包括同质分子、异质分子和卤素分子)的振动共振现象及其与 SN 分叉的联系。我们证明,它们各自以不同的共振频率振动,但频率不一。发生 VR 的高频振幅与 SN 分叉点相对应。我们通过数值模拟验证了我们的分析结果,并表明同核卤素对双色场的反应很微弱,这或许与它们不存在 SN 分叉有关。
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引用次数: 0
Theoretical analysis of the structure, thermodynamics, and shear elasticity of deeply metastable hard sphere fluids 深层可蜕变硬球流体的结构、热力学和剪切弹性理论分析
IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.034606
Subhasish Chaki, Baicheng Mei, Kenneth S. Schweizer
The structure, thermodynamics, and slow activated dynamics of the equilibrated metastable regime of glass-forming fluids remain a poorly understood problem of high theoretical and experimental interest. We apply a highly accurate microscopic equilibrium liquid state integral equation theory, in conjunction with naïve mode coupling theory of particle localization, to study in a unified manner the structural correlations, thermodynamic properties, and dynamic elastic shear modulus in deeply metastable hard sphere fluids. Distinctive behaviors are predicted including divergent inverse critical power laws for the contact value of the pair correlation function, pressure, and inverse dimensionless compressibility, and a splitting of the second peak and large suppression of interstitial configurations of the pair correlation function. The dynamic elastic modulus is predicted to exhibit two distinct exponential growth regimes with packing fraction that have strongly different slopes. These thermodynamic, structural, and elastic modulus results are consistent with simulations and experiments. Perhaps most unexpectedly, connections between the amplitude of long wavelength density fluctuations, dimensionless compressibility, local structure, and the dynamic elastic shear modulus have been theoretically elucidated. These connections are more broadly relevant to understanding the slow activated relaxation and mechanical response of colloidal suspensions in the ultradense metastable region and deeply supercooled thermal liquids in equilibrium.
玻璃态流体的平衡蜕变体系的结构、热力学和慢活化动力学仍然是一个鲜为人知的问题,具有很高的理论和实验价值。我们应用高精度的微观平衡液态积分方程理论,结合粒子定位的天真模式耦合理论,以统一的方式研究了深度蜕变硬球流体的结构相关性、热力学性质和动态弹性剪切模量。研究预测了独特的行为,包括对相关函数接触值、压力和反无量纲压缩性的发散反临界幂律,以及对相关函数第二峰的分裂和对间隙构型的大幅抑制。据预测,动态弹性模量会呈现出两个截然不同的指数增长区,其填料分数的斜率也大不相同。这些热力学、结构和弹性模量结果与模拟和实验结果一致。也许最出人意料的是,理论上阐明了长波长密度波动幅度、无量纲可压缩性、局部结构和动态弹性剪切模量之间的联系。这些联系更广泛地关系到如何理解处于超致密瞬变区域的胶体悬浮液和处于平衡状态的深过冷热液体的缓慢活化弛豫和机械响应。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum: General existence and determination of conjugate fields in dynamically ordered magnetic systems [Phys. Rev. E 104, 044125 (2021)] 勘误:动态有序磁系统中共轭场的一般存在和确定 [Phys. Rev. E 104, 044125 (2021)]
IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.039901
M. Quintana, A. Berger
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.039901
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.039901
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引用次数: 0
Attractive-repulsive interaction in coupled quantum oscillators 耦合量子振荡器中的吸引-排斥相互作用
IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.034210
Bulti Paul, Biswabibek Bandyopadhyay, Tanmoy Banerjee
We study the emergent dynamics of quantum self-sustained oscillators induced by the simultaneous presence of attraction and repulsion in the coupling path. We consider quantum Stuart-Landau oscillators under attractive-repulsive coupling and construct the corresponding quantum master equation in the Lindblad form. We discover an interesting symmetry-breaking transition from quantum limit cycle oscillation to a quantum inhomogeneous steady state. This transition is contrary to the previously known symmetry-breaking transition from a quantum homogeneous state to an inhomogeneous steady state. The result is supported by the analysis on the noisy classical model of the quantum system in the weak quantum regime. Remarkably, we find the generation of entanglement associated with the symmetry-breaking transition that has no analog in the classical domain. This study enriches our understanding of the collective behaviors shown by coupled oscillators in the quantum domain.
我们研究量子自持振荡器在耦合路径中同时存在吸引力和排斥力所诱发的突发动力学。我们考虑了吸引-排斥耦合下的量子斯图尔特-朗道振荡器,并以林德布拉德形式构建了相应的量子主方程。我们发现了从量子极限周期振荡到量子非均相稳态的一个有趣的对称性破坏过渡。这一转变与之前已知的从量子均相态到不均相稳态的对称性破坏转变相反。对弱量子态量子系统噪声经典模型的分析支持了这一结果。值得注意的是,我们发现与对称性破缺转换相关的纠缠的产生,在经典领域中并没有类似的现象。这项研究丰富了我们对量子领域中耦合振荡器集体行为的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Resource-based modelling approach to studying evolutionary rescue 研究进化救援的资源建模方法
IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.034406
Viviane M. Oliveira, Paulo R. A. Campos
In this paper, we present an in-depth investigation into the dynamics of evolutionary rescue using a resource-based modelling approach. Utilizing classical consumer-resource models, we aim to understand how species can adapt to abrupt environmental changes that alter the availability of substitutable resources. Through both analytical solutions and simulation-based techniques, we explore the conditions under which populations can recover from critical sizes and avoid extinction. Our findings highlight the importance of minimum viable population sizes, mutation rates, and the adaptive capacity of metabolic strategies in influencing population resilience. We demonstrate that while increased mutation rates can facilitate faster recovery by enabling populations to evolve new metabolic strategies suited to the altered resource landscape, populations starting with smaller sizes or facing severe reductions in resource availability are more susceptible to extinction. This study offers valuable insights into the interplay between ecological dynamics and evolutionary mechanisms, providing a comprehensive framework for predicting population persistence and informing conservation strategies under changing environmental conditions.
在本文中,我们利用基于资源的建模方法对进化拯救的动态进行了深入研究。利用经典的消费者-资源模型,我们旨在了解物种如何适应改变可替代资源可用性的环境突变。通过分析解决方案和模拟技术,我们探索了种群从临界规模恢复并避免灭绝的条件。我们的研究结果强调了最小可行种群规模、突变率和代谢策略的适应能力在影响种群恢复能力方面的重要性。我们证明,虽然突变率的提高能使种群进化出适合已改变的资源环境的新的代谢策略,从而促进种群更快地恢复,但种群规模较小或面临资源可用性严重下降时更容易灭绝。这项研究为生态动力学和进化机制之间的相互作用提供了宝贵的见解,为预测种群的持续性和在不断变化的环境条件下制定保护策略提供了一个全面的框架。
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引用次数: 0
Electron surface scattering kernel for a plasma facing a semiconductor 面向半导体的等离子体的电子表面散射核
IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.035207
F. X. Bronold, F. Willert
Employing the invariant embedding principle for the electron backscattering function, we present a scheme for constructing an electron surface scattering kernel to be used in the boundary condition for the electron Boltzmann equation of a plasma facing a semiconducting solid. The scheme takes the solid's microphysics responsible for electron emission and backscattering from the interface within a randium-jellium model into account and is applicable to dielectrics and metals as well. As an illustration, we consider silicon and germanium, describing the interface potential by a Schottky barrier and including impact ionization across the energy gap as well as scattering on phonons and ion cores. The emission yields deduced from the kernel agree well enough with measured data to support its use in the electron boundary condition of a plasma facing silicon or germanium.
利用电子反向散射函数的不变嵌入原理,我们提出了一种构建电子表面散射核的方案,该方案将用于面向半导体固体的等离子体的电子玻尔兹曼方程的边界条件。该方案考虑到了固体的微物理特性,即在钪-镓模型中负责电子发射和从界面反向散射的微物理特性,也适用于电介质和金属。作为说明,我们考虑了硅和锗,用肖特基势垒来描述界面电势,包括能隙间的撞击电离以及声子和离子核心的散射。从内核推导出的发射率与测量数据非常吻合,足以支持将其用于硅或锗等离子体的电子边界条件。
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引用次数: 0
Coexistence of multistable synchronous states in a three-oscillator system with higher-order interaction 具有高阶相互作用的三振荡器系统中多稳同步状态的共存
IF 2.4 3区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Mathematics Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.110.034311
Xuan Wang, Haihong Li, Qionglin Dai, Junzhong Yang
We study a three-oscillator system with pairwise (1-simplex) and triadic (2-simplex) interactions, and focus on how the interplay between these two types of interactions influences synchronous dynamics. Using a minimal model, dynamical phenomena in systems that have been previously studied under the thermodynamic limit (N) are further clarified. Various synchronous states, including in-phase and antiphase synchronous states, as well as partial synchronous states are demonstrated. Meanwhile, significant multistable behaviors are revealed. Our work extends previous research on pairwise and triadic interactions, which can deepen our understanding of the impact of correlation between higher-order interaction and multistability. These dynamic phenomena bear resemblance to the diverse synchronization patterns of the heart, and they also serve as pivotal factors in information storage and memory retention within the brain.
我们研究了一个具有成对(1-simplex)和成三(2-simplex)相互作用的三振子系统,并重点探讨了这两种相互作用之间的相互作用如何影响同步动力学。利用一个最小模型,进一步阐明了以前在热力学极限(N→∞)下研究过的系统中的动力学现象。展示了各种同步状态,包括同相和反相同步状态,以及部分同步状态。同时,还揭示了重要的多稳态行为。我们的研究扩展了以往关于成对和三元相互作用的研究,加深了我们对高阶相互作用和多稳定性之间相关性影响的理解。这些动态现象与心脏的多种同步模式相似,也是大脑信息存储和记忆保持的关键因素。
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引用次数: 0
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Physical review. E
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