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2010 IEEE Transforming Engineering Education: Creating Interdisciplinary Skills for Complex Global Environments最新文献

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Transforming the Instruction of Introductory Computing to Engineering Students 对工科学生计算机导论教学的改造
A. Hurson, S. Sedigh
Computer science as a discipline encompasses the study and creation of computational techniques for problem-solving. Unfortunately, much of the benefit of these techniques to engineering students is lost in translation, in part due to the disconnect between introductory computing courses and the disciplinary courses that introduce problems that could benefit from computational techniques. A considerable body of literature has documented the ineffectiveness of traditional programming courses in transferring usable knowledge to students, specifically where problem-solving skills and computational thinking are concerned. This paper describes a transformative change to the instruction of introductory computing to engineering students, in the context of a single non-major course. In the proposed architecture, a core lecture is supplemented with plug-in domain-specific modules and problems that are presented in domain-specific recitation/laboratory sections. The focus of the lecture component of the course is to introduce the core concepts and skills required for computational thinking, including algorithms and software engineering techniques. The recitation/laboratory component encourages and guides the application of these skills to introductory problems in engineering. The objective is to shift the emphasis from the minutia of the syntax of textual programming languages to computational thinking.
计算机科学作为一门学科,包括研究和创造解决问题的计算技术。不幸的是,这些技术给工程专业学生带来的很多好处在翻译过程中丢失了,部分原因是计算机入门课程和引入可以从计算技术中受益的问题的学科课程之间的脱节。大量文献记录了传统编程课程在向学生传授可用知识方面的有效性,特别是在解决问题的技能和计算思维方面。本文描述了在单一非专业课程的背景下,对工程专业学生的计算机导论教学的变革。在建议的体系结构中,一个核心讲座由特定领域的插件模块和特定领域的复习/实验部分提出的问题补充。本课程讲座部分的重点是介绍计算思维所需的核心概念和技能,包括算法和软件工程技术。复习/实验部分鼓励并指导这些技能在工程入门问题中的应用。目标是将重点从文本编程语言的语法细节转移到计算思维。
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引用次数: 4
A Strategy for the Development of Lifelong Learning and Personal Skills throughout an Undergraduate Engineering Programme 在本科工程课程中发展终身学习和个人技能的策略
Gavin Duffy, B. Bowe
For many years engineering programmes have placed a stronger emphasis on the development of technical knowledge, understanding and skills at the expense of personal skills such as initiative, creativity, communication, teamwork and lifelong self-directed learning. Recent changes in accreditation criteria call for greater competences in these skills to be achieved in the undergraduate programme. An argument is presented that this requires a change from the traditional approach to engineering education to a group-based project driven one as this is compatible with concurrent development of both technical and non-technical learning outcomes. Just as a clear path of progression exists from the fundamentals of science in stage one to the advanced engineering content in the final year so too should personal skills be developed in a progressive structured way. This paper presents a strategy that is currently being developed and implemented in the School of Electrical Engineering Systems in the Dublin Institute of Technology in a four year Bachelor of Engineering programme. In the group-based project-driven approach students practice communication and team work skills not in isolation to but integrated with the programme's technical content. The early stages of the programme focus on strongly developing the group learning process and introducing students to a reflective practice so they can observe and improve performance. Tutor observation fades in later years as students become more adept at managing group work and self-directed learning. This strategy is designed to progressively change a dependent freshman student into an independent graduate who is prepared for the challenges ahead.
多年来,工程课程更加强调技术知识、理解和技能的发展,而牺牲了主动性、创造力、沟通、团队合作和终身自主学习等个人技能。最近认证标准的变化要求在本科课程中提高这些技能的能力。有人提出,这需要从传统的工程教育方法转变为以小组为基础的项目驱动方法,因为这与技术和非技术学习成果的同步发展是兼容的。就像从第一阶段的科学基础到最后一年的高级工程内容有一条清晰的发展道路一样,个人技能也应该以一种渐进的结构化方式发展。本文介绍了都柏林理工学院电气工程系统学院在四年制工程学士课程中正在开发和实施的一种策略。在以小组为基础的项目驱动的方法中,学生练习沟通和团队合作技能,而不是孤立地与课程的技术内容相结合。该课程的早期阶段侧重于大力发展小组学习过程,并向学生介绍反思性实践,以便他们能够观察并提高表现。随着学生变得更善于管理小组工作和自主学习,导师的观察逐渐消失。这种策略旨在逐步将一个依赖的大一学生转变为一个独立的毕业生,为未来的挑战做好准备。
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引用次数: 11
The Emerging Role of Software Testing in Curricula 软件测试在课程中的新角色
Tara Astigarraga, Eli M. Dow, Christina L. Lara, R. Prewitt, Maria R. Ward
In order to produce quality products, companies require new engineering students that have good problem solving, debugging, and analysis skills. Many graduates enter the work force with exceptional development skills, but lack proficiency in test, debugging, and analysis skills. This is in part because academic curricula emphasize development at the expense of teaching software testing as a formal engineering discipline. The majority of curricula today emphasize the initial phases of a development life cycle, namely: requirements gathering, architecture design, and implementation. The skills which are retained in this area of test are often learned ad-hoc while working on solutions for an implementation-oriented course. The lack of formal test education among graduates forces industry to spend substantial resources to properly educate graduates in the art and science of software testing. The contribution of this paper to the literature includes an evaluation of software testing as an industry profession, a survey of current curricula guidelines, a survey of software testing education in practice today, and a discussion of ongoing efforts to advance the status of software testing in academic curricula through a novel, crowd-sourced, industry-expert, approach to software test education.
为了生产出高质量的产品,公司需要新的工程专业学生有良好的解决问题、调试和分析技能。许多毕业生进入劳动力市场时拥有出色的开发技能,但缺乏测试、调试和分析技能的熟练程度。这在一定程度上是因为学术课程强调开发,而忽略了将软件测试作为正式的工程学科来教授。今天的大多数课程强调开发生命周期的初始阶段,即:需求收集、体系结构设计和实现。在这个测试领域中保留的技能通常是在为面向实现的课程提供解决方案时临时学习的。毕业生中缺乏正规的测试教育,迫使行业花费大量的资源来适当地教育毕业生软件测试的艺术和科学。本文对文献的贡献包括对软件测试作为一种行业职业的评估,对当前课程指南的调查,对当今实践中的软件测试教育的调查,以及通过一种新颖的、众包的、行业专家的软件测试教育方法来提高软件测试在学术课程中的地位的持续努力的讨论。
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引用次数: 47
Connecting Campuses and Building International Competencies with Study Abroad Programs: The Texas A&M University at Qatar Experience 连接校园和建立国际能力与留学项目:德州农工大学在卡塔尔的经验
Shannon McNulty, P. Enjeti
This paper reviews how Texas A&M University at Qatar's globalized study abroad program addresses multiple needs in the field of international education abroad: 1) Arabic language study, 2) international experience in the Middle East, 3) expansion of opportunities for engineering students abroad, and 4) linkages between student academics, socio-cultural experiences, and professional exposure. The mechanics, processes, support mechanisms, and faculty involvement will be discussed. The sending and receiving successes, challenges, and individual student experiences will also be shared. To conclude, a strategic vision to other institutions considering the development of similar international programs will be posited.
本文回顾了德州农工大学卡塔尔分校的全球化海外留学项目如何满足海外国际教育领域的多种需求:1)阿拉伯语学习,2)中东的国际经验,3)扩大海外工程专业学生的机会,以及4)学生学术、社会文化经验和专业接触之间的联系。将讨论机制、过程、支持机制和教师参与。发送和接收的成功,挑战,和个别学生的经验也将分享。最后,将为其他考虑发展类似国际项目的机构提出战略愿景。
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引用次数: 3
Towards Achieving Hands-On Project Based Learning beyond Laboratories and into the Dorm Rooms 从实验室到宿舍,实现基于实践项目的学习
S. Sharad, Tom Robbins
There has been a lot of emphasis placed on providing hands-on project based learning in engineering education A lot of these initiatives have also been successful in creating an environment where the student goes beyond theory and incorporates real-world signals in the experiments. However, there is still a major gap in being able to sustain this kind of excitement being able to provide an immersive hands-on learning experience throughout the tenure of a student's time in engineering. This gap becomes apparent when we consider that a student only spends one-fifths of their time in the lab as compared to a staggering three-fifths of their time doing their homework. However today, apart from some grass root efforts there is not much emphasis to introduce hands-on project based learning as part of a student's homework experience primarily because of the lack of affordable technologies. In this paper, we will explore Project based learning advances in both undergraduate engineering classes like introduction to engineering and senior or capstone design as well as the pipeline that feeds into the university space, the high school programs. We will then make the case for need for project based learning in the dorm room, and what the requirements are to enable educators to make experiments scalable to the dorm room. We will also look at an implementation from Georgia Tech and the lessons learned from their experiment as well as look at some technologies that lend themselves to dorm-room based experiments.
在工程教育中,有很多重点放在提供基于实践项目的学习上,很多这样的举措也成功地创造了一个环境,让学生超越理论,在实验中融入现实世界的信号。然而,在能够维持这种兴奋,能够在工程专业的学生任期内提供身临其境的实践学习体验方面,仍然存在很大的差距。当我们考虑到一个学生只花五分之一的时间在实验室,而他们花五分之三的时间做家庭作业时,这种差距就变得明显了。然而,今天,除了一些基层的努力之外,由于缺乏负担得起的技术,并没有太多的强调将基于实践项目的学习作为学生家庭作业经验的一部分。在本文中,我们将探讨基于项目的学习进展在本科工程课程,如工程导论和高级或顶点设计,以及输送到大学空间的管道,高中课程。然后,我们将说明在宿舍进行基于项目的学习的必要性,以及使教育者能够将实验扩展到宿舍的要求是什么。我们还将看到佐治亚理工学院的一个实现,以及从他们的实验中吸取的经验教训,以及一些适合宿舍实验的技术。
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引用次数: 2
Training Engineering Students for Intrapreneurship - Challenges and Dilemmas for Project Supervisors of Modern Engineers 培养工科学生的内部创业能力——现代工程师项目主管的挑战与困境
A. Nielsen, J. Vang
As economic and technological globalization continuously unfolds a new international division of labor for engineers start to emerge. Engineers in the OECD-countries increasingly have to participate in rejuvenating incumbents located in the OECD countries, hence have to become involved in intrapreneurship. This paper sheds light on two questions: what constitutes the core of an education in engineering management that focuses on intrepreneurship and which teaching challenges does it imply? Based on an original in-depth study of engineering management at Aalborg University, Denmark, the paper addresses six content areas that pose significant challenges and thus needs to be addressed.
随着经济全球化和技术全球化的不断深入,一种新的工程师国际分工开始出现。经合发组织国家的工程师必须越来越多地参与振兴经合发组织国家的在职人员,因此必须参与内部创业。这篇论文阐明了两个问题:什么构成了以创业为重点的工程管理教育的核心?它意味着哪些教学挑战?基于对丹麦奥尔堡大学工程管理的原始深入研究,本文提出了六个内容领域,这些领域构成了重大挑战,因此需要加以解决。
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引用次数: 0
Experiential Learning Programs for the Future of Engineering Education 未来工程教育的体验式学习计划
Amy J. Conger, B. Gilchrist, J. Holloway, A. Huang-Saad, V. Sick, T. Zurbuchen
The need for 21st century engineers to be educated as creative innovators is discussed. Three complementary experiential learning programs that help engineering students learn to stretch beyond their comfort zones are described: a multidisciplinary design program; an entrepreneurship program; and an international engineering program. These three interdisciplinary programs each address common educational needs: to create flexible, creative, self-actualized change agents. The approaches we are taking to implement and institutionalize these in a large, comprehensive, research oriented university are described.
讨论了21世纪的工程师需要被教育成具有创造性的创新者。三个互补性的体验式学习项目,帮助工程专业的学生学会超越他们的舒适区:多学科设计项目;创业项目;还有一个国际工程项目。这三个跨学科项目每个都满足共同的教育需求:创造灵活的、有创造力的、自我实现的变革推动者。描述了我们在一所大型、综合性、研究型大学中实施和制度化这些方法的方法。
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引用次数: 21
Student Competitions Enhance the Learning of Nontechnical Skills for Large Cohorts of Freshman Engineers 学生竞赛促进了大批大一工程师非技术技能的学习
M. A. F. Rueda, M. Gilchrist
As a cornerstone subject for all undergraduate engineering degree programs, mechanics is best taught from fundamental principles and by reinforcing students' learning through active learning strategies. This approach provides students with a solid understanding of basic concepts before they subsequently study more advanced topics such as applied dynamics, mechanics of solids & structures, and mechanics of fluids. MEEN10030, Mechanics for Engineers, is a compulsory course taught annually in Semester I to 280 First Year engineering students at University College Dublin, Ireland's largest university. The syllabus topics include forces, Newton's laws of motion, statics in two and three dimensions, equilibrium, friction, trusses and cables, distributed forces, centers of mass and centroids, motion, and kinematics of a particle and of a rigid body. Traditional teaching of this subject relies solely on formal lectures and tutorials, without any laboratory sessions or student assignments, both of which are resource intensive. Following an overall program review in 2004-05, this course was completely revised and the subject material was rationalized with regard to what is taught in subsequent 2nd year courses. A major innovation involved providing team-based assignments to the entire 280 students in which groups of up to 5 students are set a design competition directly related to one specific topic from the course material. Competitions have been held for the past two years, with very satisfactory outcomes in terms of not only their application of concepts learned in the course, but also in terms of reinforcing soft skills essential for a satisfactory and successful engineering career.
作为所有本科工程学位课程的基础学科,力学最好从基本原理开始教授,并通过积极的学习策略加强学生的学习。这种方法为学生提供了对基本概念的扎实理解,然后再学习更高级的主题,如应用动力学,固体和结构力学以及流体力学。MEEN10030 (Mechanics for Engineers)是爱尔兰最大的大学都柏林大学(University College Dublin)每年第一学期为280名一年级工程专业学生开设的必修课。课程主题包括力、牛顿运动定律、二维和三维静力学、平衡、摩擦、桁架和钢索、分布力、质心和质心、运动、粒子和刚体的运动学。这门学科的传统教学完全依赖于正式的讲座和辅导,没有任何实验课程或学生作业,这两者都是资源密集型的。在2004-05年度的全面项目审查之后,这门课程进行了全面修订,并根据随后第二年的课程内容对主题材料进行了合理化。一个主要的创新是为280名学生提供基于团队的作业,每组最多5名学生设置一个与课程材料中的一个特定主题直接相关的设计竞赛。在过去的两年里,比赛已经举行了,结果非常令人满意,不仅体现在他们对课程中所学概念的应用上,而且还体现在他们加强了对一个满意和成功的工程职业生涯至关重要的软技能方面。
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引用次数: 3
From Student to Teacher: Transforming Industry Sponsored Student Projects into Relevant, Engaging, and Practical Curricular Materials 从学生到教师:将行业赞助的学生项目转化为相关的、吸引人的和实用的课程材料
Joe Bolinger, Kelly Yackovich, R. Ramnath, J. Ramanathan, N. Soundarajan
Over the past several years we have collaborated with a variety of industrial partners to carry out applied research and capstone design projects in cooperation with our students. Although the projects have varied widely, more often than not, success or failure lies within the students' ability to see beyond the technical challenges into the subtleties of the business and the meaning of value. Looking back at our traditional software engineering curriculum it is not so surprising that gaps in technical skills are not typically the source of problems. With a strong traditional focus on the construction of software, we have been producing graduates who can build relatively complex stand-alone systems. Unfortunately, in today's world, being able to build software is only a small, albeit necessary, skill for software engineers and it is miles away from being sufficient [1, 2]. The challenges inherent in providing a portfolio of innovative, integrated, and strategic IT services are well beyond any of the techniques or conceptual frameworks historically taught in many software engineering curriculums [3-5], including our own. To address these shortcomings we have recently begun experimenting with a new curriculum that presents software engineering in its larger context as a strategic business function. We are also beginning to stress the importance of using a set of analytic frameworks to guide the evolution and development of software systems starting with the business and its context, through the architecture and design stages, and finally into implementation and support. To create materials for this curriculum we have gone back to the original voice of the problem and are attempting to assemble learning materials from the projects that industry has championed for us in the past. Our goal is not merely to showcase the software that was built, but rather to expose the reasons behind their conception and the frameworks used to make critical decisions throughout the process.
在过去的几年里,我们与各种工业合作伙伴合作,与我们的学生合作开展应用研究和顶点设计项目。尽管这些项目千差万别,但通常情况下,成功或失败取决于学生们超越技术挑战、洞察商业微妙之处和价值意义的能力。回顾我们传统的软件工程课程,技术技能的差距通常不是问题的根源,这并不奇怪。凭借对软件构建的强烈传统关注,我们已经培养了能够构建相对复杂的独立系统的毕业生。不幸的是,在当今世界,对于软件工程师来说,能够构建软件只是一项很小的技能,尽管是必要的,而且远远不够[1,2]。提供创新的、集成的和战略性的IT服务组合所固有的挑战远远超出了许多软件工程课程(包括我们自己的课程)中所教授的任何技术或概念框架[3-5]。为了解决这些缺点,我们最近开始尝试一种新的课程,将软件工程作为一种战略业务功能在更大的上下文中呈现出来。我们也开始强调使用一组分析框架来指导软件系统的发展和开发的重要性,从业务及其上下文开始,经过架构和设计阶段,最后进入实现和支持。为了创建这门课程的材料,我们回到了问题的原始声音,并试图从过去业界为我们支持的项目中收集学习材料。我们的目标不仅仅是展示所构建的软件,而是揭示其概念背后的原因,以及在整个过程中用于做出关键决策的框架。
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引用次数: 16
The Successful Integration of Study Abroad and an Engineering Curriculum 留学与工程课程的成功整合
W. Hornfeck, I. Jouny
This paper describes the collaboration between a university in Bremen, Germany, and the Engineering Division of a Liberal Arts and Engineering College in Easton, Pennsylvania. The partnership is in its sixth year and has provided more than one-hundred engineering undergraduates with a semester-long immersion in a foreign culture. These students complete a semester's studies in their engineering major, travel extensively, and live and work in an international setting. The paper describes the structure, successes, and the challenges experienced with the program, and presents summary evaluative responses from students participating in this partnership.
本文描述了德国不来梅的一所大学与宾夕法尼亚州伊斯顿的一所文科与工程学院工程系之间的合作。这一合作关系已进入第六个年头,已为100多名工程本科生提供了一个学期的外国文化沉浸体验。这些学生完成一个学期的工程专业学习,广泛旅行,在国际环境中生活和工作。本文描述了该计划的结构、成功和挑战,并提出了参与该合作伙伴关系的学生的总结评价反应。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2010 IEEE Transforming Engineering Education: Creating Interdisciplinary Skills for Complex Global Environments
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