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2010 IEEE Transforming Engineering Education: Creating Interdisciplinary Skills for Complex Global Environments最新文献

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Making Both Ends Meet: Teaching Non-Technical Skills to Engineers Using Both Content-Based Instruction and Interdisciplinary Project-Based Learning 收支相抵:使用基于内容的教学和基于跨学科项目的学习向工程师教授非技术技能
W. El-Sokkary, L. Lamont, David L. Thomson, Lana El Chaar
This paper highlights key issues involved in preparing students for an engineering program in the United Arab Emirates. These students often enter the program with a limited knowledge of English and science. However, many of the challenges that they face in the course of their studies are attributable to a lack of appropriate training in non-technical skills. The paper shows how the integration of content-based instruction and interdisciplinary project-based learning can be used to enhance the acquisition of English and, at the same time, enhance other non-technical skills. This approach gives the students an early insight into the disciplinary topics covered by the university. This head start helps students make both ends meet: they achieve the required language proficiency while bolstering their content knowledge. The result of this research shows that although this method of teaching might not have been initially favored by all students and faculty, the benefits are clearly agreed upon by all parties.
本文强调了在阿拉伯联合酋长国为学生准备工程项目所涉及的关键问题。这些学生通常只具备有限的英语和科学知识。然而,他们在学习过程中所面临的许多挑战可归因于缺乏适当的非技术技能培训。本文展示了如何将基于内容的教学和跨学科的基于项目的学习结合起来,以提高英语的习得,同时提高其他非技术技能。这种方法使学生对大学所涵盖的学科主题有一个早期的了解。这种领先优势有助于学生收支平衡:他们达到了所需的语言熟练程度,同时加强了他们的内容知识。这项研究的结果表明,虽然这种教学方法最初可能并不受到所有学生和教师的青睐,但其好处显然得到了各方的认可。
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引用次数: 1
Internship in Engineering Design in Hi-Tech Industries: Theory and Practice 高新技术产业工程设计实习:理论与实践
E. Trotskovsky, N. Sabag
The rapid technological development in the area of electrical and electronic engineering has caused a continuous regeneration of knowledge in this field. Recent studies have indicated that engineering knowledge doubles every 10 years. The time constraints of the existing learning frame towards a B.Sc. degree, does not allow for the inclusion of all the accumulated experience in high-tech industries within the engineering curriculum, not to mention predicted needs of new upcoming knowledge. Therefore, many researchers believe that new graduates should be equipped with more professional skills, at the expense of knowledge content. Development of cognitive engineering skills in the course of studies toward a B.Sc. degree can assist the student in the difficult transition from academia to industry. Such cultivation of engineering thinking may reduce the gap between knowledge and skills acquired by the novice graduate and market demands. This approach may serve as leverage for the future success of the student. Internship is an obligatory requirement in the Department of EEE of the Academic College for Engineering ORT Braude. This article reviews 15 years experience implementing internship at more than 150 hi-tech plants and research institutes. More than 500 graduates experienced the process of engineering design during the course of their internship. This article presents the results of a longitudinal study of students'' skills and attitudes with respect to the internship process. Furthermore, engineering thinking development of students while performing their first engineering design project in industry was also investigated. We concentrated on the following questions: • What are the main characteristics of engineering thinking that are expressed by students during their final project? • What roles do these characteristics play during the process of the project? Qualitative research methodology was applied based on the analysis of the interviews and monthly and final project reports. The findings demonstrate that the industrial environment forces the learner to find practical solutions, while developing systems thinking, reflective thinking and real problem solving.. Creative and algorithmic routine thinking have also emerged in engineering thinking. This study aims to contribute significantly to the accumulated knowledge about engineering thinking and its development among engineering students in the course of their internship project.
电气和电子工程领域的快速技术发展导致了该领域知识的不断更新。最近的研究表明,工程知识每十年翻一番。现有的学士学位学习框架的时间限制,不允许在工程课程中包含所有在高科技行业积累的经验,更不用说对即将到来的新知识的预测需求。因此,许多研究人员认为,应届毕业生应该以牺牲知识内容为代价,掌握更多的专业技能。在攻读学士学位的过程中,认知工程技能的发展可以帮助学生从学术界向工业界的艰难过渡。这种工程思维的培养可以减少初出茅庐的毕业生所获得的知识和技能与市场需求之间的差距。这种方法可以作为学生未来成功的杠杆。实习是一个义务要求EEE学术大学的工程系支持Braude。本文回顾了15年来在150多家高科技工厂和研究机构实施实习的经验。500多名毕业生在实习期间亲身体验了工程设计的过程。这篇文章提出了一个纵向研究的结果,学生的技能和态度,尊重实习过程。此外,还调查了学生在工业中执行第一个工程设计项目时的工程思维发展情况。我们集中讨论了以下问题:•学生在期末项目中表现出来的工程思维的主要特征是什么?•过程中这些特征的角色是什么项目?定性研究方法是基于对访谈和月度和期末项目报告的分析。研究结果表明,工业环境迫使学习者找到切实可行的解决方案,在开发系统思考、反思思维和解决实际问题。在工程思维中也出现了创造性思维和算法常规思维。本研究旨在对工科学生在实习项目中积累的工程思维知识及其发展做出重要贡献。
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引用次数: 9
Global Engineering, Humanitarian Case Studies, and Pedagogies of Transformation 全球工程、人道主义案例研究和转型教学法
Annette Berndt, C. Paterson
What does the interface between pedagogical research and course development look like? "Appropriate Technology in International Development", part of the Engineering curriculum at the University of British Columbia, is co-taught by an instructor of Technical Communication and an instructor of History, who use pedagogies of engagement and transformation, specifically those posited by proponents of Community Based Learning and Research. With reference to accreditation criteria and new concepts of engineers, we review models of intellectual development (e.g. Perry and Baxter Magolda) and consider the overlap of various stages within these models. To explore how students might move from stage to stage, we consider the "disruptive" and "anti-foundational" pedagogies of Mezirow and Butin as ways to help students learn to appreciate "other" ways of perceiving the world and of co-constructing knowledge. In the course, students are introduced to strategies of Problem Oriented Learning (POL) through humanitarian case studies involving socio-technical problems identified by three communities in India. Attention to the concept of community and the complexity of social context becomes critical, as students learn to develop a tolerance for ambiguity and, through the instrument of critical reflection, shift the starting point for their research from the technical problem itself to its larger social context(s).
教学研究和课程开发之间的界面是什么样子的?“国际发展中的适当技术”是不列颠哥伦比亚大学工程课程的一部分,由一名技术交流讲师和一名历史讲师共同教授,他们使用参与和转化教学法,特别是那些基于社区的学习和研究的支持者所提出的教学法。参考认证标准和工程师的新概念,我们回顾了智力发展模型(例如Perry和Baxter Magolda),并考虑了这些模型中各个阶段的重叠。为了探索学生如何从一个阶段过渡到另一个阶段,我们认为Mezirow和Butin的“破坏性”和“反基础”教学法是帮助学生学会欣赏感知世界和共同构建知识的“其他”方式的方法。在课程中,学生将通过人道主义案例研究了解问题导向学习(POL)的策略,这些案例研究涉及印度三个社区确定的社会技术问题。关注社区的概念和社会背景的复杂性变得至关重要,因为学生们学会了对模糊性的容忍,并通过批判性反思的工具,将他们研究的起点从技术问题本身转移到更大的社会背景。
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引用次数: 3
Information Systems Development Course: Integrating Business, IT and IS Competencies 信息系统开发课程:整合业务、信息技术和信息系统能力
J. Carvalho, R. Sousa, Jorge Oliveira e Sá
Information systems development (ISD) is a capstone course in the Information Systems and Technology undergraduate program at School of Engineering, University of Minho, Portugal. ISD is viewed as an organizational change project that aims at improving an organization through the adoption of IT applications. The course is designed following a project led approach. The project involves describing an organization as a system, describing its information handling activities and proposing a set of IT applications that could be adopted and used. Students are guided by a ISD methodology that demands the application of previous developed competencies in areas such as: organization theory, accounting, marketing, information systems fundamentals, data bases, software engineering, computer networks and several other IT courses. Together with the ISD course, students are also taking courses on organizational behavior and data-warehousing. Students are organized into large teams of 10 to 12 members. Several roles are distributed among team members: e.g., team leader, analyst, document officer, technology officer, methodologist, development tools specialist, IT specialist. Students are suggested a fictional organization in a specific business area. Ideally students should deal with a real organization. As the course is having around 100 students enrolled this is not possible. However it is common that each project team finds an organization in the proposed business area where they go and have actual contact with an organization. The main outputs of the project include: project plan; organization description including - purpose, environment, main activities, business ontology, main performance indicators; general information systems description using UML; requirements for an IT application; IT architecture. One of the most important steps of the project is to decide on what IT to suggest to the organization. The decision should take into consideration the capability of current IT, the specifics of the business area and its current practices. Besides the reports, each team makes two public presentations. The first one is to present the organization description making sure business is clearly understood. The final one is to present the solution in terms of information systems and IT architecture. These presentations are attended by industry guests that focus their attention on the students' communication skills from the perspective of a manager. The evaluation of students' performance is based on: reports corresponding to the outputs mentioned above; public presentations; weekly assessments of the teams' progress. The final mark attributed to each team (a numerical value from 0 to 20, where above 10 is a pass) can be re-distributed among team members, by themselves, in order to account for different levels of commitment or effort within the team. Several other rules are set in order to promote professional behavior.
信息系统开发(ISD)是葡萄牙米尼奥大学工程学院信息系统与技术本科专业的一门顶点课程。ISD被视为一个组织变更项目,旨在通过采用IT应用程序来改进组织。本课程的设计遵循以项目为主导的方法。该项目包括将组织描述为一个系统,描述其信息处理活动,并提出一组可以采用和使用的IT应用程序。学生在ISD方法的指导下,要求应用以前在组织理论、会计、市场营销、信息系统基础、数据库、软件工程、计算机网络和其他IT课程等领域开发的能力。除了ISD课程,学生们还将学习组织行为学和数据仓库课程。学生们被组织成10到12人的大团队。团队成员之间分配了几个角色:例如,团队领导、分析师、文档官、技术官、方法学家、开发工具专家、IT专家。建议学生在一个特定的商业领域建立一个虚构的组织。理想情况下,学生应该与一个真正的组织打交道。由于该课程有大约100名学生注册,这是不可能的。然而,每个项目团队在他们所去的建议业务领域中找到一个组织并与该组织进行实际联系是很常见的。项目主要产出包括:项目计划;组织描述包括——宗旨、环境、主要活动、业务本体、主要绩效指标;使用UML对一般信息系统进行描述;资讯科技应用的要求;IT体系结构。项目中最重要的步骤之一是决定向组织建议什么IT。决策应该考虑当前IT的能力、业务领域的具体情况及其当前实践。除了报告,每个小组还要做两次公开演讲。第一个是提供组织描述,确保业务被清楚地理解。最后是从信息系统和IT架构的角度提出解决方案。这些演讲由行业嘉宾参加,他们从管理者的角度关注学生的沟通技巧。对学生成绩的评价基于:与上述输出相对应的报告;公共演讲;每周对团队进度进行评估。每个团队的最终分数(从0到20的数值,其中10以上为及格)可以在团队成员之间重新分配,以便考虑团队内不同程度的承诺或努力。为了促进职业行为,还制定了其他一些规则。
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引用次数: 3
A Review and Evaluation of Engineering Education in Transition 转型期工程教育的回顾与评价
L. Wilcox, M. S. Wilcox
This paper revisits success stories of past projects aimed at education transition through integrated curricula, multidisciplinary projects, and national/global technological issues. Successful programs depended heavily on interaction between educators and the professional engineers in the work force. Political priorities, both state and national, have played a major role in determining scope and success. Global issues are essential in most curricula since economic factors alone present major integrated components that engineers must understand. There are extraordinary opportunities, obstacles, and dangers ahead because we now are embroiled in the arena of "knowledge management," where massive information interconnections are expanding among businesses, universities, and political systems. This will create problems of privacy, ethics, and value in the absence of an honest and rigorous work force. Although we have made great progress in electrical engineering curricular transitioning, there is much to do, as Dr. Vartan Gregorian (Carnegie Corp.) predicts: "Laser communications, nuclear power, biotechnology, networked computers, and the like are precisely shaping our habits of thought and desire. They have become a dominant source of our culture, even to changing the very paradigms of knowledge. Rapidly evolving global communications are bringing social changes that are so complex and far-reaching they are not amenable to easy understanding." As education moved into the 21st century, business and society in general recognized the significance of "learning anywhere, anytime." Enabled through the powerful mechanism of communications and networking, education and industry quickly recognized the need for a new trained work force. Education saw the extraordinary advantage of combining their faculty with visiting faculty from industry, forming an integrated and multidisciplinary team. Transforming Engineering Education has been led by electrical engineering departments with support from IEEE and corporations like IBM. During this historic transition, input from students became increasingly important as they examined new careers combining fields like engineering, medicine, health care, business, science, and management, to name a few. Lifelong learning has long been a core priority for IEEE and IBM. Lifelong learning and "anywhere and anytime" courses clearly will get better because they will have the support of an extraordinary, dynamic network that is the platform for implementation. Interactions between people and programs are expanding understanding of terms like "knowledge management and computer simulations" driven by common sense evaluations and the continual search for and emphasis on the meaning or role of "wisdom" in these gigantic digital warehouses of data. Michael Crichton continually reminds us of the fragility of networks susceptible to misuse or misdirection resulting in catastrophic consequences for society. In this paper, three transitio
本文回顾了过去通过综合课程、多学科项目和国家/全球技术问题实现教育转型的成功案例。成功的项目在很大程度上依赖于教育者和劳动力中的专业工程师之间的互动。州和国家的政治优先事项在决定范围和成功方面发挥了重要作用。全球问题在大多数课程中都是必不可少的,因为经济因素本身就是工程师必须理解的主要组成部分。由于我们现在正处于“知识管理”的舞台上,在这个舞台上,企业、大学和政治系统之间的海量信息互联正在不断扩大,因此在我们面前存在着非凡的机遇、障碍和危险。在缺乏诚实和严谨的工作队伍的情况下,这将产生隐私、道德和价值问题。尽管我们在电气工程课程转型方面已经取得了很大进展,但仍有许多工作要做,正如瓦坦·格里高利博士(卡耐基公司)所预测的那样:“激光通信、核能、生物技术、联网计算机等正是在塑造我们的思维习惯和欲望。它们已经成为我们文化的主要来源,甚至改变了知识的范式。快速发展的全球通信正在带来复杂而深远的社会变化,这些变化不是简单理解就能理解的。”随着教育进入21世纪,企业和社会普遍认识到“随时随地学习”的重要性。通过强大的通信和网络机制,教育和工业迅速认识到需要一支新的训练有素的劳动力。教育看到了将他们的教师与来自工业界的访问教师结合起来,形成一个综合的多学科团队的非凡优势。转型工程教育由电气工程部门主导,得到了IEEE和IBM等公司的支持。在这一历史性的转变中,学生们的投入变得越来越重要,因为他们研究了结合工程、医学、卫生保健、商业、科学和管理等领域的新职业。长期以来,终身学习一直是IEEE和IBM的核心优先事项。终身学习和“随时随地”课程显然会变得更好,因为它们有一个非凡的、动态的网络作为实施平台的支持。人与程序之间的互动正在扩大对“知识管理和计算机模拟”等术语的理解,这是由常见性评估以及在这些巨大的数字数据仓库中不断寻找和强调“智慧”的意义或作用所驱动的。迈克尔·克莱顿不断提醒我们,网络的脆弱性很容易被误用或误导,从而给社会带来灾难性的后果。本文综述了三种基于过渡的方案:1。一份涉及技术管理和产品研究的长期大学/公司协议在弗吉尼亚州詹姆斯·麦迪逊大学建立独特的综合科学与技术学院。州长发起的一项重要的西弗吉尼亚州技术法案,旨在全州范围内支持经济发展和教育变革,根据参议院法案547实施。这些项目有以下共同的目标:•为我们的学生-未来工作的竞争优势。•为我们的教育工作者-技术资源的内容和访问的不妥协的质量。
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引用次数: 7
Multidisciplinary Engineering Systems 2nd and 3rd Year College-Wide Courses 多学科工程系统第二和第三年的大学课程
K. Craig, M. Nagurka
Abstract - Undergraduate engineering education today is ineffective in preparing students for multidisciplinary system integration and optimization - exactly what is needed by companies to become innovative and gain a competitive advantage in this global economy. While there is some movement in engineering education to change that, this change is not easy, as it involves a cultural change from the silo approach to a holistic approach. The ABET-required senior capstone multidisciplinary design course too often becomes a design-build-test exercise with the emphasis on just getting something done. Students rarely break out of their disciplinary comfort zone and thus fail to experience true multidisciplinary system design. What is needed are multidisciplinary systems courses, with a balance between theory and practice, between academic rigor and the best practices of industry, presented in an integrated way in the 2nd and 3rd years that prepares students for true multidisciplinary systems engineering at the senior level and beyond. The two courses presented here represent a significant curriculum improvement in response to this urgent need.
摘要:当今的本科工程教育在培养学生进行多学科系统集成和优化方面是无效的,而这正是公司在全球经济中创新和获得竞争优势所需要的。虽然工程教育中有一些运动来改变这种情况,但这种变化并不容易,因为它涉及到从筒仓方法到整体方法的文化变革。abet要求的高级顶点多学科设计课程往往成为设计-构建-测试练习,强调的只是完成一些事情。学生很少走出学科的舒适区,因此无法体验到真正的多学科系统设计。我们需要的是多学科系统课程,在理论与实践之间,在学术严谨和行业最佳实践之间取得平衡,在第二和第三年以综合的方式呈现,为学生在高级或更高级别的真正的多学科系统工程做好准备。这里介绍的两门课程是针对这一迫切需要而对课程进行的重大改进。
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引用次数: 9
Embedding Communication and Electronic Engineering Studies in a Local and Global Society 在地方和全球社会中嵌入通信和电子工程研究
C. Bachiller, J. Balbastre, Javier Oliver
In this work, the authors present the evolution of enrollment in Communication and Electronic Engineering studies in the Escuela T'ecnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicaci'on (ETSIT) of the Universidad Polit'ecnica de Valencia (Spain). The different reasons that have led to an important decrease in vocations for Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are stated, and the actions that the ETSIT has taken to try to solve the situation are described. The work does not pretend to be a best practice manual, neither a textit{solution for every scenario} but it shows a set of actions in different fields that alleviate the problem.
在这项工作中,作者介绍了西班牙瓦伦西亚波利特·波利特·卡西尼亚大学(universsidad politcimnica de Valencia)的Escuela t高级工程师学院Telecomunicación (ETSIT)通信和电子工程研究的招生演变。本文阐述了导致信息和通信技术(ICT)职业大幅减少的不同原因,并描述了ETSIT为解决这一问题所采取的行动。这本书并不是一本最佳实践手册,也不是textit{每个场景的解决方案},但它展示了在不同领域减轻问题的一组操作。
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引用次数: 1
Non-Cognitive Influences on Trainee Learning within the Manufacturing Industry 制造业中对实习生学习的非认知影响
C. Connolly, C. Gubbins, E. Murphy
This paper describes the non-cognitive factors influencing trainee proficiency with a focus within the manufacturing industry. Training development and assessments generally linked in the cognitive domain, with the focus on the mental constructs of the trainee or learner. However employees who perform well in training are not necessarily going to be better in their professional capacity. Non-cognitive influences will affect the employee proficiency. Non-cognitive, affective (feeling) and psychomotor (doing), issues affect cognitive performance significantly and are worthwhile domains to explore in investigating in how trainees learn. The efficiency of the trainee and employee will depend, not only on the training received, but also his/her personality traits. Motivation, attitude, anxiety, culture and gender are all factors, which have been examined in this paper in relation to training and achievement. The paper introduces these concepts within the training environment of the manufacturing industry. In conclusion we affirm the belief that non-cognitive factors are as important to the sustainability of training and trainee proficiency.
本文以制造业为研究对象,描述了影响培训生熟练程度的非认知因素。培训发展和评估通常在认知领域联系在一起,重点关注受训者或学习者的心理结构。然而,在培训中表现良好的员工并不一定会在他们的专业能力上表现得更好。非认知影响会影响员工的熟练程度。非认知、情感(感觉)和精神运动(行为)问题显著影响认知表现,是研究受训者如何学习的值得探索的领域。培训生和员工的工作效率不仅取决于所接受的培训,还取决于他/她的个性特征。动机、态度、焦虑、文化和性别都是本文研究的与训练和成就有关的因素。本文在制造业的培训环境中介绍了这些概念。总之,我们肯定非认知因素对培训的可持续性和受训人员熟练程度同样重要。
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引用次数: 3
Interdisciplinary Experiential Education of Intellectual Property Concepts in an Engineering Context 工程背景下知识产权概念的跨学科体验式教育
R. Henry, Susan M. Richey
Abstract-Drawing from a curricular model proposed in a recent report from educators in the UK, this article examines the need to educate US engineering students in intellectual property concepts through partnerships between law students and undergraduate engineering students [1]. The educational vehicle that is the focus of this article is the engineering senior capstone design project. In the proposed pedagogical model, law students studying intellectual property will take on the role of advisors to engineering students (their clients) while the latter group endeavors to develop an engineering solution to a real world problem. This article also seeks to identify and address concerns of licensing authorities and professional associations that may arise as a result of implementation of the model.
摘要:本文从英国教育工作者最近的一份报告中提出的课程模式出发,探讨了通过法律专业学生和本科工程专业学生之间的合作,向美国工程专业学生进行知识产权概念教育的必要性[1]。本文重点讨论的教育载体是工科高年级毕业设计项目。在提出的教学模式中,学习知识产权的法律专业学生将承担工程专业学生(他们的客户)的顾问角色,而后者则努力为现实世界的问题开发工程解决方案。本文还试图确定和解决许可当局和专业协会在实施该模型时可能出现的问题。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2010 IEEE Transforming Engineering Education: Creating Interdisciplinary Skills for Complex Global Environments
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