Plant Genetic Resources最新文献_第6页

Variability of morphology, phytochemical traits and essential oil profile of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) accessions in the southern region of the Caspian Sea 茶(Camellia sinensis (L.))形态、植物化学性状和精油分布的变异(Kuntze)在里海南部地区的加入

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000928

Samira Montahae Dargah, Mohammad Bagher Rezaei, Marzieh Ghanbari Jahromi, Sepideh Kalateh Jari, Shahin Jahangirzadeh Khiavi

Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) leaves are an important beverage crop due to their high caffeine content. Although the north of Iran is the main region for high-quality tea plants, there is no document on variations of phenotypic traits of different accessions. The present study was to assess the biodiversity of 12 tea accessions originating from four tea main sites in Iran (Langroud, Siahkal, Kobijar and Bazkiaguorab) using multivariate analysis. Two-year-old tea plants were cultivated in a completely randomized design with five replicates in a greenhouse. One year after plant establishment, phenotypic characteristics were studied. The tea accessions showed different responses in chlorophyll and total ash contents. The highest and lowest amount of caffeine in tea accessions was found in Kobijar A7 and Langroud A2, respectively. Epicatechin was obtained in a 6.48–15.44 mg g−1 range, and the maximum variability was found in epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), differing from 0.94 to 21.03 mg g−1. Langroud A2 and Bazkiaguorab A11 contained the maximum EGCG and the total polyphenolic content in Bazkiaguorab was greater than other accessions. Heat map analysis showed the maximum variability of EGCG, catechin, and GA among the accessions. The main essential oil compounds were 2-pentyl furan followed by hexanal, gamma-terpinene, octane, ortho-cymene, terpinen-4-ol, alpha-copaene and E-caryophyllene. In conclusion, changes in phytochemical traits caused by genetics and origin can significantly alter the quality of tea compounds. The results of this study can be utilized as raw materials in future breeding projects to improve new cultivars with superior characteristics.

茶(Camellia sinensis (L.))由于其咖啡因含量高，昆策叶是一种重要的饮料作物。虽然伊朗北部是优质茶树的主要产区，但没有关于不同品种表型性状差异的文献。本研究采用多变量分析方法对伊朗4个主要茶叶产地(Langroud、Siahkal、Kobijar和Bazkiaguorab)的12个茶叶种质资源的生物多样性进行了评价。2年生茶树栽培采用完全随机设计，在温室内5个重复。植株建立1年后，研究表型特征。不同茶叶品种叶绿素和总灰分含量有不同的变化。茶品中咖啡因含量最高的品种是Kobijar A7，最低的品种是Langroud A2。表儿茶素的变化范围为6.48 ~ 15.44 mg g−1，表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)变化最大，变化范围为0.94 ~ 21.03 mg g−1。其中，朗格A2和巴兹佳果A11的EGCG含量最高，巴兹佳果总多酚含量高于其他品种。热图分析显示，EGCG、儿茶素和GA在不同种质间的差异最大。主要精油化合物为2-戊基呋喃，其次为己醛、-松油烯、辛烷、正花香烃、松油烯-4-醇、α -copaene和e -石竹烯。综上所述，遗传和来源引起的植物化学性状的变化可显著改变茶类化合物的品质。本研究结果可作为今后选育具有优良性状新品种的原料。

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引用次数: 0

A QTL allele from wild soybean enhances protein content without reducing the oil content 来自野生大豆的QTL等位基因提高了蛋白质含量，但不降低油脂含量

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000850

Cheolwoo Park, Trang Thi Nguyen, Dequan Liu, Qingyu Wang, Donghe Xu

Soybean is one of the chief crops producing protein and oil for human consumption. Wild soybean, the ancestor of cultivated soybean, possesses high seed protein content; therefore, it is a valuable genetic resource that could enhance protein content in the cultivated varieties. To identify the genes responsible for increasing protein content in wild soybean, a population comprising 113 BC4F6 chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSL) was developed from a cross between soybean cultivar ‘Jackson’ and wild soybean accession JWS156-1. The CSSL population was cultivated in the field conditions for 3 years (2018, 2019 and 2020), and the seeds harvested from each line were analysed for protein and oil contents by InfraTec Nova instrument. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis with 243 SSR markers identified 12 QTLs associated with seed protein, oil and protein + oil contents. Among these QTLs, qPro8 and qPro19, two major and stable QTLs for protein content, were detected on chromosomes 8 and 19, respectively. No QTL for oil content was detected in the vicinity of qPro19, indicating that qPro19 did not influence the seed oil content. The effect of qPro19 was validated using near-isogenic lines (NILs) of qPro19. By introducing the qPro19 allele from wild soybean into another soybean variety, ‘Tachiyutaka’, a BC4 line, T-678, that showed enhanced seed protein content, without reducing the seed oil content. This study implied that the qPro19 allele from wild soybean could be a potential genetic resource for breeding programmes aimed to improve soybean seed quality.

大豆是生产供人类食用的蛋白质和油脂的主要作物之一。野生大豆是栽培大豆的祖先，种子蛋白质含量高;因此，它是提高栽培品种蛋白质含量的宝贵遗传资源。为鉴定提高野生大豆蛋白质含量的相关基因，以大豆品种‘Jackson’与野生大豆品种JWS156-1杂交为材料，构建了113个BC4F6染色体片段代换系(CSSL)群体。在田间条件下(2018年、2019年和2020年)种植CSSL群体，利用InfraTec Nova仪器分析每个品系收获的种子的蛋白质和油脂含量。利用243个SSR标记进行数量性状位点(QTL)分析，鉴定出12个与种子蛋白、油脂和蛋白+油脂含量相关的QTL。在这些qtl中，qPro8和qPro19分别在8号染色体和19号染色体上检测到两个主要且稳定的蛋白质含量qtl。在qPro19附近没有检测到含油量的QTL，说明qPro19对种子含油量没有影响。利用qPro19的近等基因系(NILs)验证了qPro19的作用。通过将野生大豆的qPro19等位基因引入另一个大豆品种“立丰”(Tachiyutaka)，获得的BC4系T-678籽粒蛋白质含量提高，但籽粒油含量不降低。本研究提示，野生大豆qPro19等位基因可作为提高大豆种子品质的潜在遗传资源。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic diversity and population structure analysis in early generations maize inbreds derived from local germplasm of Eastern Himalayan regions using microsatellite markers 利用微卫星标记分析喜马拉雅东部地区本地种质早代玉米自交系的遗传多样性和群体结构

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000862

E. Lamalakshmi Devi, Umakanta Ngangkham, Sunil Kumar Chongtham, Bhuvaneswari S, Ingudam Bhupenchandra, Konsam Sarika, Harendra Verma, Akoijam Ratankumar Singh, Amit Kumar, Tensubam Basanta Singh, Amit Kumar, T. L. Bhutia, S. K. Dutta, Shaon Kumar Das, Ramgopal Devadas, Ayam Gangarani Devi, S. P. Das, Ch. Chinglen Meetei, I. Meghachandra Singh, V. K. Mishra

The North-Eastern region (NER) of India falls under the Eastern Himalayan region and it is a bio-diversity hub. Diverse maize landraces with wide adaptability to extreme climatic and soil scenario like heavy rainfall, drought and acidic soil conditions have been grown in NER since time immemorial. However, maize diversity in NER region has drastically reduced due to introduction of high yielding varieties and hybrids. Modern maize breeding programmes are focused on high yield but other unique traits like stay green trait, prolificacy (more than one fertile ear per plant), self-fertilizing ability are also important and the local germplasm of the NER region can contribute with these unique traits. Prior to the selection of any lines in several breeding programmes, assessment of genetic diversity and population structure are basic requirements. Hence, in the present study assessment of genetic diversity and population structure study in 30 maize inbreds developed from different germplasm of NER was undertaken using SSR markers, selected for their broad distribution throughout the genome, in order to assess the extent of allelic diversity among the lines and whether any population structure could be established. In addition to assessing molecular diversity, the study aims to evaluate the potential for yield and other beneficial and unique alleles that have high potential to contribute in the genetic enhancement programme of maize.

印度东北地区(NER)位于东喜马拉雅地区，是生物多样性中心。对极端气候和土壤条件(如强降雨、干旱和酸性土壤条件)具有广泛适应性的多种玉米地方品种自古以来就在东北地区种植。然而，由于高产品种和杂交品种的引进，东北地区的玉米多样性急剧减少。现代玉米育种计划的重点是高产，但其他独特性状，如保绿性状、多产性(每株多于一个可育穗)、自交能力也很重要，东北地区的本地种质资源可以为这些独特性状做出贡献。在一些育种计划中，在选择任何品系之前，对遗传多样性和种群结构进行评估是基本要求。因此，本研究利用分布广泛的SSR标记，对30个玉米自交系的遗传多样性和群体结构进行了评估，以评估株系间的等位基因多样性程度，以及是否可以建立群体结构。除了评估分子多样性外，该研究还旨在评估产量潜力和其他有益的和独特的等位基因，这些等位基因在玉米遗传增强计划中具有很高的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of Oryza glaberrima as a potential resistance source to rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola glaberrima作为水稻根结线虫潜在抗性来源的鉴定

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000965

Gurwinder Kaur, Narpinderjeet Kaur Dhillon, Gurpreet Singh, Yogesh Vikal, Navneet Kaur, Adeshpal Singh Gill, Kumari Neelam, Jagveer Singh, Dharminder Bhatia, Gurjit Singh Mangat

The root-knot nematodes (RKN) (Meloidogyne graminicola) are a devastating threat to rice worldwide. The cultivated germplasm is either susceptible or moderately resistant to rice RKN. Therefore, there is a need to identify resistance sources against M. graminicola as an eco-friendly management strategy. The present study evaluated the host response of Oryza sativa genotypes comprising basmati, non-basmati improved varieties, their advanced breeding lines (83) and Oryza glaberrima accessions (42) against M. graminicola in the nematode-infested plot for two consecutive years. All O. sativa genotypes exhibited susceptible responses, while O. glaberrima accessions showed variable levels of resistance. Three of the O. glaberrima accessions (IRGC102196, IRGC102538 and IRGC102557) were highly resistant. M. graminicola significantly affected plant growth parameters in susceptible genotypes compared to resistant O. glaberrima accessions. The results were supported by histopathological studies that showed apparent giant cell formation in PR121 while penetration and development of M. graminicola juveniles were low in the O. glaberrima acc. IRGC102196. In silico analysis indicated that none of the reported nematode resistance genes from different crops had homology with the rice genome. The two anti-nematode genes (Oryzacystatin-I and Oryzacystatin-II) from O. sativa japonica revealed homology with O. sativa cv. PR121 and O. glaberrima acc. IRGC102206. Comparative analysis of these genes between PR121 and O. glaberrima acc. IRGC102206 resulted in the identification of SNPs/InDels that could be associated with nematode resistance. The identified SNPs/InDels could be validated, and further molecular studies are needed to provide insights into the resistance mechanism against rice RKN.

根结线虫(Meloidogyne graminicola)是世界范围内水稻的毁灭性威胁。所栽培的种质对水稻RKN敏感或中等抗性。因此，有必要确定对稻瘟病菌的抗性来源，作为一种生态友好的管理策略。本研究连续两年在线虫侵染地评价了由巴斯马蒂、非巴斯马蒂改良品种、其高级选育品系(83)和glaberrima品种(42)组成的水稻基因型对麦蚜的寄主反应。所有玉米基因型均表现出敏感反应，而光灰玉米表现出不同程度的抗性。其中3个品种(IRGC102196、IRGC102538和IRGC102557)具有高抗性。与抗性稻瘟病菌相比，敏感基因型稻瘟病菌显著影响植株生长参数。组织病理学研究结果支持了这一结果，PR121中有明显的巨细胞形成，而禾草芽孢杆菌幼体的渗透和发育在glaberrima acc中较低。IRGC102196。计算机分析表明，来自不同作物的抗线虫基因均与水稻基因组无同源性。水稻抗线虫基因(Oryzacystatin-I和Oryzacystatin-II)与水稻株系同源。PR121和O. glaberrima acc。IRGC102206。PR121与光斑草基因的比较分析。IRGC102206鉴定出可能与线虫抗性相关的snp / indel。所鉴定的snp /InDels可以被验证，需要进一步的分子研究来深入了解水稻RKN的抗性机制。

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引用次数: 0

The reaction of CIMMYT durum wheat genotypes to Fusarium pseudograminearum at seedling and adult plant stages CIMMYT硬粒小麦基因型在苗期和成株期对伪谷物镰刀菌的反应

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1017/s147926212300093x

Olgaç Doğu Yılmaz, Aziz Karakaya, Gul Erginbas-Orakci, Sinan Aydoğan, Karim Ammar, Abdelfattah A. Dababat

Fusarium pseudograminearum is one of the important crown rot agents that reduces the quality and quantity of wheat plants. The pathogen is common in the world and 10–35% yield losses due to disease have been reported. Identifying resistant durum wheat genotypes is the best approach to control the disease due to the limited control options available. Currently, there are only a few genotypes available with partial resistance to Fusarium crown rot globally. In this study, a total of 199 durum wheat genotypes provided by the International Wheat and Maize Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico, and five control genotypes were tested for their resistance reactions to F. pseudograminearum under both growth room and greenhouse conditions. Out of the 199 genotypes tested under growth room conditions; 15, 20, 134 and 30 genotypes exhibited resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and susceptible reactions, respectively. Under greenhouse conditions; 19, 16, 121 and 43 genotypes were found resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and susceptible, respectively. Two durum wheat genotypes (# 84 and # 197, CIMMYT genotype numbers 7409071 and 7410562) showed seedling and adult plant resistance to F. pseudograminearum. The newly identified resistant genotypes for crown rot caused by F. pseudograminearum seem promising for breeding programmes, especially these two lines which showed resistance at both seedling and adult plant stages.

伪谷草镰刀菌是影响小麦植株质量和数量的重要冠腐菌之一。该病原体在世界上很常见，据报道因该疾病造成10-35%的产量损失。由于现有的控制方法有限，鉴定抗硬粒小麦基因型是控制该病的最佳方法。目前，全球只有少数基因型对枯萎病具有部分抗性。本研究以墨西哥国际小麦和玉米改良中心(CIMMYT)提供的199个硬粒小麦基因型和5个对照基因型为材料，在室内和温室条件下测定了它们对假谷物镰刀菌的抗性反应。在生长室条件下测试的199个基因型中;15、20、134和30个基因型分别表现出耐药、中耐药、中易感和易感反应。在温室条件下;耐药、中耐药、中易感和易感基因型分别为19、16、121和43个。2个硬粒小麦基因型(# 84和# 197,CIMMYT基因型号7409071和7410562)在苗期和成株均表现出对pseudograminearum的抗性。新发现的对假谷草镰刀菌引起的冠腐病具有抗性的基因型在育种计划中似乎很有希望，特别是这两个在苗期和成虫期都表现出抗性的品系。

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引用次数: 0

Change in the composition of primary metabolites, minerals and secondary metabolites in natural Ziziphus lotus (L. Desf.) wild fruits under environmental variations 环境变化下天然酸枣野生果实初级代谢物、矿物质和次生代谢物组成的变化

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000898

Fatima Dahlia, Soria Barouagui, Sarah Mahieddine, Omar Salah, Khaled Drici, Mokhtar Attil, Mohamed Amine Heroual, Ilyes Harrouche, Koula Doukani

Ziziphus lotus is an underappreciated natural genetic resource widespread in Algeria. This study aimed to compare the fruit phytochemical composition of nine populations of Z. lotus from different areas to highlight its diversity. Fruits were harvested from the semiarid, dry steppe and Saharan stages. Primary and secondary metabolites and minerals contents were determined. Significant variations in the fruit phytochemical composition between populations of Z. lotus and between pulp and seeds were recorded. Z. lotus is dry fruit with 8.768 ± 0.449 to 13.468 ± 1.303% water in pulp and 6.7 to 12.12% in seeds. Significantly higher values were recorded in the fruit pulp for sugar (35.25 to 48.87%), phosphorus (63.114 to 155.269 mg 100−1g), sodium (34.8 to 56.91 ppm), calcium (91.78 to 382.69 ppm), β-carotene (36.4 to 46 μg g−1), lycopene (59.15 to 100.25 μg g−1) and chlorophyll a (3.6 to 7.2 μg g−1) contents. Seeds had much higher protein (8.37 to 27.75%), lipid (35.39 to 48.01%), potassium (125.874 to 325.408 mg. 100−1 g), polyphenol (439.465 to 1349.46 mg.GAE.100 g−1), flavonoid (83.908 to 98.259 mg.QE.100 g−1), tannins (55.268 to 277.94 mg.GAE.100 g−1) and chlorophyll b (11.2 to 30.4 μg g−1) contents. Bougtob, Boghar and Mougheul populations had higher primary metabolites and mineral values. Oued Nougued, Maarif and Mougheul populations were the richest in phenolic compounds. Oued Nougued, Maarif and Mougheul populations had more liposoluble pigments. This research is the beginning of investigating the variety of Z. lotus as phylogenetic sources. Further comparative investigations over a larger distribution region and further study of variations in the composition in fruit composition using GC-MS are needed.

紫藕是阿尔及利亚广泛存在的一种未被充分利用的自然遗传资源。本研究旨在比较不同地区9个居群莲的果实化学成分，以突出其多样性。水果是从半干旱、干燥的草原和撒哈拉地区收获的。测定初级和次级代谢物及矿物质含量。结果表明，不同居群之间、果肉和种子之间的果实化学成分存在显著差异。莲属干果，果肉含水量为8.768±0.449 ~ 13.468±1.303%，种子含水量为6.7 ~ 12.12%。果肉中糖(35.25 ~ 48.87%)、磷(63.114 ~ 155.269 mg 100−1g)、钠(34.8 ~ 56.91 ppm)、钙(91.78 ~ 382.69 ppm)、β-胡萝卜素(36.4 ~ 46 μg−1)、番茄红素(59.15 ~ 100.25 μg−1)和叶绿素a (3.6 ~ 7.2 μg−1)含量显著增加。籽粒蛋白质含量(8.37 ~ 27.75%)、脂肪含量(35.39 ~ 48.01%)、钾含量(125.874 ~ 325.408 mg)较高。100−1 g)，多酚(439.465 ~ 1349.46 mg.GAE。100 g−1)，黄酮类化合物(83.908 ~ 98.259 mg.QE)。100 g−1)，单宁(55.268 ~ 277.94 mg。叶绿素b (11.2 ~ 30.4 μg−1)含量。Bougtob、Boghar和Mougheul人群的初级代谢物和矿物质值较高。Oued Nougued、Maarif和Mougheul种群中酚类化合物含量最高。Nougued, Maarif和Mougheul种群具有更多的脂溶性色素。本研究是对荷花品种作为系统发育源进行研究的开端。需要在更大的分布区域进行比较研究，并利用气相色谱-质谱技术进一步研究果实成分的变化。

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引用次数: 0

Characterizing sorghum genotypes for forage yield, hydrocyanic acid and sugar contents under arid climate conditions 干旱气候条件下高粱基因型的饲料产量、氢氰酸和糖含量特征

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000849

Ahmad Sher, Sami Ul-Allah, Abdul Sattar, Lorenzo Barbanti, Muhammad Ijaz

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is a dual nature crop, which is used for food as well as fodder, depending on plant ideotype. Sorghum forage is important for ruminants, but a major constraint is the anti-nutritional factor dhurrin, a hydrocyanic acid (HCN) producing glucoside. There are several additional effects of dhurrin, which reduce the nutritional value of sorghum fodder for livestock. This two-year study was aimed to evaluate the variation among diverse sorghum varieties, specifically for HCN content, forage yield and stem sugar content (brix value) under arid climate in Pakistan. Nine sorghum varieties were used for this experiment: JS-2002, Chakwal sorghum, Lines CS-17, Super late, PAK SS-2, Johar, JS-263, Sargodha-2011 and YSS-98. Results reveal that Sargodha-2011 had superior morphological traits for fresh forage and dry biomass yield, and stem brix value, compared to other varieties. Higher HCN contents were recorded in Super late compared to other varieties. Significant negative correlation of HCN with yield showed that improvement in yield will reduce the HCN content of sorghum. In conclusion, sorghum variety SGD-11 was shown best performing for higher biomass yield and brix value, and lower HCN content compared to other tested varieties under arid climate of Thal, Pakistan.

高粱(Sorghum bicolor, L.)Moench)是一种双重性质的作物，根据植物形态的不同，既可以用作食物，也可以用作饲料。高粱饲料对反刍动物很重要，但主要制约因素是抗营养因子苦胆素，一种产生糖苷的氢氰酸(HCN)。苦豆素还有其他一些影响，降低了牲畜用高粱饲料的营养价值。这项为期两年的研究旨在评估巴基斯坦干旱气候下不同高粱品种间的差异，特别是HCN含量、饲料产量和茎糖含量(糖度值)的差异。9个高粱品种分别为JS-2002、Chakwal高粱、CS-17、Super late、PAK SS-2、Johar、JS-263、Sargodha-2011和YSS-98。结果表明，与其他品种相比，2011年马尾草在鲜饲料产量、干生物量产量和茎白度值方面具有优越的形态特征。超晚品种的HCN含量高于其他品种。HCN含量与产量呈显著负相关，表明产量提高会降低高粱HCN含量。综上所述，在巴基斯坦塔尔干旱气候条件下，与其他被试品种相比，高粱品种SGD-11表现出较高的生物量产量和糖度值，以及较低的HCN含量。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic variability assessment of indigenous and exotic saffron germplasm through morpho-agronomic characterization at Jammu and Kashmir, India 印度查谟和克什米尔地区本地和外来藏红花种质的形态农艺性状遗传变异评估

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000886

Asif Mohd Iqbal, Ajaz Ahmad Lone, Mudasir H. Khan, Mehraj uddin Sofi, Bashir A. Alie, Mir Ghulam Hassan, Niyaz A. Dar, Azra Khan, Uzma Fayaz, Sher A. Dar, Firdos A. Nehvi

The present study analysed a total of 272 saffron (Crocus sativus L.) genotypes using multivariate analysis. We carefully observed and recorded information about the floral, morphological and corm attributes. Significant variations were observed among the genotypes for all the traits, indicating a high level of variability and suggesting a great potential for saffron improvement. The phenotypic variances were found to be greater than the estimated genotypic variances. Descriptive data on various morphological traits revealed significant differences in the frequency of phenotype classes as well as a wide distribution range. The high heritability estimates were observed in average number of daughter corms per plant (ANDCPP), initial weight of corms (IWC g), no. of buds/corm (NBPC), – no. of leaves in main sprout, (NLMS), number of sprouted buds per corm (NSBpC) and total number of leaves (TNL), whereas average weight of daughter corms per plant (AWBCPP), corm diameter (CDcm), pistal length (PL) cm, style length (STYLcm), fresh weight of pistals per plant (FWOPPPmg) and stigma length (STML cm), revealed medium sense of heritability. The traits dry weight of pistals per plants (DWOPPP mg), inner tepal width (ITW cm), leaf length (LLcm), number of flowers per corm (NFpC), outer tepal length (OTLcm), parianth length with tube (PLWT cm) and weight of stigma (WSTG mg) exhibited low broad-sense heritability. Principal component analysis (PCA) divulged that the first eight component characters had an eigenvalue greater than one with a contributory cumulative variance of 66.15% to the total variance, while as rest of the 16 components contributed 33.85% of total variation in a set of 272 genotypes of saffron. The eigenvalues for yield attributing traits for significant PCs ranged from 5.48 (PC1) to 1.03(PC8). The current study has revealed that there was a sufficient variability in a set of saffron germplasm lines which forms the basis for performance-based clonal selection. Moreover, identified elite genotypes based on saffron yield and corm attributes could be used in the saffron breeding programme for the development of saffron varieties.

本研究采用多变量分析方法对272个藏红花基因型进行了分析。我们仔细地观察和记录了花、形态和球茎的特征。所有性状的基因型之间存在显著差异，表明变异程度高，表明改良藏红花的潜力很大。表型方差大于估计的基因型方差。各种形态性状的描述性数据显示，表型分类的频率差异显著，分布范围广。在单株平均子粒数(ANDCPP)、初始粒重(IWC g)、子粒数、子粒数、子粒数、子粒数和子粒数等方面均有较高的遗传力。芽/球茎(NBPC)， -不。主芽叶片(NLMS)、每粒芽芽数(NSBpC)和总叶数(TNL)，单株子粒平均质量(AWBCPP)、球茎直径(CDcm)、雌蕊长度(PL) cm、花柱长度(STYLcm)、单株雌蕊鲜重(FWOPPPmg)和柱头长度(STML cm)表现中等遗传力。单株雌蕊干重(DWOPPP mg)、内花被片宽度(ITW cm)、叶长(LLcm)、每粒花数(NFpC)、外花被片长度(OTLcm)、顶花序带筒长度(PLWT cm)和柱头重(WSTG mg)等性状的广义遗传力较低。主成分分析表明，在272个藏红花基因型中，前8个成分性状的特征值大于1，对总变异的贡献率为66.15%，其余16个成分对总变异的贡献率为33.85%。显著产量性状的特征值为5.48 (PC1) ~ 1.03(PC8)。目前的研究表明，在一组藏红花种质系中存在足够的变异性，这构成了基于性能的克隆选择的基础。此外，根据藏红花产量和球茎性状鉴定出的优良基因型可用于藏红花品种的选育。

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引用次数: 0

Collection, distribution, characterization and utilization of Indigofera oblongifolia Forssk.: an important underutilized multi-use leguminous shrub of Indian hot arid region 板蓝花的采集、分布、特性与利用。印度炎热干旱地区重要的未充分利用的多用途豆科灌木

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000837

Jay Prakash Singh, Anil Patidar, Venkatesan K, Mahesh Kumar, Saurabh Swami, Mahesh Kumar, Saranya R, N. V. Patil

Indigofera oblongifolia Forssk. locally known as ‘Goilia or Jhil’, is an important underutilized leguminous browse shrub for small ruminants in hot arid region of India and traditionally utilized for its medicinal value. Its irregular patchy distribution was observed in depression of rocky areas, bunds of farmer fields and along the depression on the road sides in Jaisalmer and Pali district during collection. Soil samples collected from Pali district have high level of pH and electrical conductivity as compared to Jaisalmer which indicates its suitability to saline areas. It exhibited good plant growth under Jodhpur conditions with respect to plant height (171.5 cm), number of branches (47.9) and canopy diameter (100–210 and 115–180 cm in north-south and east-west direction, respectively) after 12 months of planting in fields under protected condition. Morphological characterization showed the presence of high coefficient of variation (%) in the number of raceme per branch (27.3) followed by raceme length (22.9), pod length (21.0) and least in pod width (8.1). Phytochemical results revealed that leaves of I. oblongifolia contained considerable amounts of total phenols (31.44 mg g−1), flavonoids (29.73 mg g−1) and antioxidant capacity (6.26 FRU g−1) which make its suitability as a browse species to ruminants in rangelands. Along with these finding, its traditional knowledge and utilization are detailed in this paper as to hasten further research on its various aspects for its sustainable utilization in rangelands or in alternate land use systems in the Indian hot arid region.

凤仙花。当地称为“Goilia或Jhil”，是印度炎热干旱地区小型反刍动物重要的未充分利用的豆科灌木，传统上因其药用价值而被利用。收集期间，在Jaisalmer和Pali地区的岩石区洼地、农田洼地以及沿洼地道路两侧观察到不规则的斑驳分布。与Jaisalmer相比，从Pali地区收集的土壤样品具有较高的pH值和电导率，这表明它适合盐碱地。在保护条件下田间种植12个月后，其株高(171.5 cm)、枝数(47.9)和冠层直径(南北100 ~ 210 cm和东西115 ~ 180 cm)均表现出良好的生长状况。形态学分析表明，变异系数最高的是每枝总状花序数(27.3)，其次是总状花序长度(22.9)，荚长(21.0)，荚宽最小(8.1)。植物化学结果表明，黄酮类化合物(29.73 mg g−1)和总酚含量(31.44 mg g−1)较高，抗氧化能力(6.26 FRU g−1)较高，适合作为牧场反刍动物的食源。随着这些发现，本文详细介绍了它的传统知识和利用，以加快对其各个方面的进一步研究，以促进其在印度炎热干旱地区的牧场或交替土地利用系统中的可持续利用。

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引用次数: 0

Species distribution modelling and population genetic analysis of Yushania anceps; an endemic temperate woody bamboo of the Uttarakhand Himalayas 玉山属种属分布模型及种群遗传分析北阿坎德邦喜马拉雅地区特有的温带木本竹子

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000825

Rajendra K. Meena, Nitika Negi, Maneesh S. Bhandari, Rajeev Shankhwar, Abhishek Yadav, Rama Kant, Shailesh Pandey, Rajesh Sharma

Abstract Yushania anceps is a temperate woody bamboo taxon of high socio-economic importance occurring in the sub-alpine zone of the western Himalayas. This study was carried out to delineate the potential distribution of Y. anceps in the western Himalayas through species distribution modelling (SDM), and genetic characterization using sequence-tagged microsatellite (STMS) markers. The present study revealed an endemic distribution of this species in the Uttarakhand Himalayas, with an estimated area of 211.59 km 2 . The maximum probability of occurrence was recorded in the moderately dense forests between the altitudinal ranges of 2500 and 2700 m. The model output was well supported with high values of different statistical measures, such as the AUC (0.911) and Kappa coefficient ( K = 0.513). Environmental variables related to precipitation, temperature and topography were identified as the most contributory in current SDM. In addition, diversity measures, namely allelic richness (Ar), expected heterozygosity (He), and fixation index ( F ST ), were calculated in five sampled populations with eight STMS markers, which indicated high genetic diversity (Ar = 4.24; He = 0.689) and little differentiation ( F ST = 0.062). The diversity maps displayed that the populations located in the Kumaon region captured relatively more genetic diversity than the Garhwal region. Further, genetic clustering and STRUCTURE analysis revealed a substantial level of genetic admixing across the analysed populations, and as a result, no sub-structuring was detected. Due to the rare and endemic distribution of Y. anceps , it requires immediate conservation measures, and the knowledge base generated here will be of paramount importance to forest managers, researchers and policymakers.

摘要玉山竹(Yushania aneps)是喜马拉雅山脉西部亚高山地区一个具有重要社会经济意义的温带木本竹分类群。本研究通过物种分布模型(SDM)和序列标记微卫星(STMS)标记的遗传表征，对西喜马拉雅地区古猿Y. aneps的潜在分布进行了研究。本研究揭示了该物种在北阿坎德邦喜马拉雅地区的特有分布，估计面积为211.59 km2。在海拔2500 ~ 2700 m的中等密林中发生的概率最大。AUC(0.911)和Kappa系数(K = 0.513)等不同统计测度的高值支持了模型的输出。与降水、温度和地形相关的环境变量对当前SDM的贡献最大。此外，利用8个STMS标记计算了5个样本群体的等位基因丰富度(Ar)、期望杂合度(He)和固定指数(fst)，表明5个样本群体具有较高的遗传多样性(Ar = 4.24;He = 0.689)，分化小(F ST = 0.062)。多样性图谱显示，Kumaon地区的种群比Garhwal地区的种群获得了相对更多的遗传多样性。此外，遗传聚类和结构分析显示，在所分析的群体中存在大量的遗传混合，因此没有检测到子结构。由于羚羊的稀有和地方性分布，需要立即采取保护措施，这里产生的知识库对森林管理者、研究人员和政策制定者至关重要。

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引用次数: 0