Plant Genetic Resources最新文献_第8页

The genetic composition of the Traditional Irish Horse – towards the development of a DNA-ancestry test for the preservation of traditionally bred Irish Sport Horses 传统爱尔兰马的基因组成——为保存传统繁殖的爱尔兰运动马开发dna血统测试

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.46265/genresj.vooz8371

Emmeline Hill, Beatrice McGivney, Deirdre Harty, Alison Corbally

The traditionally bred Irish Sport Horse, known as the Traditional Irish Horse, is an important cultural asset to horse genetic resources in Ireland. We tested the hypothesis that the Irish Sport Horse, which was originally developed from the Irish Hunter, may contain a genetic background distinct from European horse populations that would be valuable to preserve. Using genome-wide single nucleotide (SNP) data, the results show that Traditional Irish Horses (with confirmed pedigrees) have lower levels of European ancestry components than other Irish Sport Horses. These results indicate that measurement of the levels of European ancestry components in the Irish Sport Horse may assist in the preservation of traditional Irish lineages.

传统繁殖的爱尔兰运动马，被称为传统爱尔兰马，是爱尔兰马遗传资源的重要文化资产。我们测试了一种假设，即爱尔兰运动马最初是从爱尔兰猎人发展而来的，可能包含与欧洲马种群不同的遗传背景，这将是有价值的保存。使用全基因组单核苷酸(SNP)数据，结果显示传统爱尔兰马(具有确认的血统)比其他爱尔兰运动马具有更低水平的欧洲血统成分。这些结果表明，测量爱尔兰运动马的欧洲血统成分水平可能有助于保存传统的爱尔兰血统。

引用次数: 0

Leaf-mediated response of soybean genotypes to infestation by whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) 大豆基因型叶片对烟粉虱侵染的响应

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000710

Giri Naga Harish, Ravinder Singh, Gaurav Kumar Taggar

Abstract The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is documented as a major pest on soybean. It was reported that whitefly response towards its hosts and their cultivars varies, and is mediated through various host-related factors. Considering the significance of leaf morphological characteristics in influencing the host–whitefly responses, the present investigation was conducted in screen-house conditions to study the prevailing variations in leaf morphological characteristics of soybean genotypes and their role in governing the adult whitefly attractiveness and oviposition preference. In the multiple-choice test, the whitefly population (eggs, nymphs and adults) was found to be lowest in moderately resistant genotypes (SL 1028 and SL 1074) compared to highly susceptible (DS 3105) and susceptible genotypes (SL 688, SL 958 and SL 1113). The foliar trichomes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and leaf area, leaf lamina thickness and leaf shape data were acquired using standard procedures. To determine the factors involved in the resistance/susceptible responses towards whitefly, Pearson correlation was applied between the morphological characteristics and the whitefly population. The results show that the leaf area, trichome density, trichome length and trichome angle showed a significant positive correlation with the whitefly population, whereas leaf lamina thickness was negatively correlated. Thus, for developing whitefly-resistant germplasm, breeders should choose genotypes having narrow and thick leaves with sparse, short and flat trichomes.

摘要烟草粉虱(Gennadius)是危害大豆的主要害虫。据报道，粉虱对其寄主及其品种的反应是多种多样的，并受多种寄主相关因素的调节。考虑到叶片形态特征对寄主-粉虱反应的影响，本研究在筛选条件下研究了大豆基因型叶片形态特征的普遍变异及其对粉虱成虫吸引力和产卵偏好的影响。在选择试验中，中抗性基因型(SL 1028和SL 1074)的粉虱种群(卵、若虫和成虫)数量最少，而高敏感基因型(DS 3105)和敏感基因型(SL 688、SL 958和SL 1113)的数量最少。利用扫描电镜对叶片毛状体进行了表征，并采用标准方法获得了叶片面积、叶片厚度和叶片形状数据。为了确定白蝇的抗性/易感反应的相关因素，将形态特征与白蝇种群进行Pearson相关分析。结果表明，叶面积、毛密度、毛长和毛角与粉虱种群呈显著正相关，而叶面厚度与粉虱种群呈显著负相关。因此，为了开发抗白蝇种质，育种者应该选择具有窄而厚的叶片和稀疏、短而平的毛状体的基因型。

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引用次数: 0

Is the ecosystem services concept relevant to capture the multiple benefits from farming systems using livestock biodiversity? A framework proposal 生态系统服务概念是否与利用牲畜生物多样性的农业系统的多重效益相关?框架建议

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-09-06 DOI: 10.46265/genresj.mrbt4299

A. Lauvie, Gisèle Alexandre, Valérie Angeon, N. Couix, Olivia Fontaine, Claire Gaillard, Michel Meuret, Catherine Mougenot, Charles-Henri Moulin, Michel Naves, M. Nozières-Petit, J. Paoli, Lola Perucho, J. Sorba, Emmanuel Tillard, Etienne Verrier

Local breeds are key components of livestock farming systems. They are part of livestock biodiversity and this diversity has been threatened since the second half of the 20th century by their replacement with animals from specialized breeds. The multiple benefits of farming systems using local breeds – provision of goods, landscape and environmental management, and uses related to cultural and heritage dimensions – have long been recognized and used to argue for their conservation. However, the notion of ecosystem services is rarely used to analyze those benefits. This article presents a qualitative approach to the provision of ecosystem services by farming systems that use livestock biodiversity. Based on diverse case studies of breeds from several species, we propose an analytical framework that accounts for how a service is qualified, who is concerned by the services identified, the role of the breed in the process of service provision, and interactions between services. Finally, the framework considers the links between the provision of services and the management of the breeds. We discuss to what extent the notion of ecosystem services is useful in dealing with the multiple benefits from farming systems using local breeds.

地方品种是畜牧养殖系统的关键组成部分。它们是牲畜生物多样性的一部分，自20世纪下半叶以来，由于被专门品种的动物取代，这种多样性受到了威胁。使用当地品种的农业系统的多重好处——提供商品、景观和环境管理，以及与文化和遗产层面相关的用途——早已得到承认，并被用来为保护当地品种辩护。然而，生态系统服务的概念很少用于分析这些好处。本文提出了一种定性方法，通过利用牲畜生物多样性的农业系统提供生态系统服务。基于对不同品种品种的案例研究，我们提出了一个分析框架，该框架考虑了服务如何合格、被识别的服务关注的对象、品种在服务提供过程中的作用以及服务之间的相互作用。最后，该框架考虑了提供服务与品种管理之间的联系。我们讨论了生态系统服务的概念在多大程度上有助于处理使用本地品种的农业系统的多重效益。

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引用次数: 1

Phenotypic diversity among finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) landraces of Nepal 指粟(Eleusine coracana, L.)的表型多样性尼泊尔的土生动物

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-07-11 DOI: 10.46265/genresj.myza2446

K. Ghimire, M. Pandey, B. K. Joshi, S. Ghimire, H. Manandhar, D. Gauchan

Finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) is the fourth most important crop in Nepal having multiple benefits but is still neglected by mainstream research and development. The main option to boost its productivity is developing superior varieties through enhanced use of germplasm in breeding programmes. With the objective of enhancing utilization of landraces conserved ex situ, a total of 300 finger millet accessions collected from 54 districts were characterized in three hill locations of Nepal for two consecutive years (2017–2018). Nine qualitative and 17 quantitative traits were recorded, and combined mean data were subjected to multivariate analysis to assess agromorphological diversity. Shannon–Weaver diversity indices (H') showed high diversity (0.647–0.908) among the accessions for qualitative traits except for finger branching and spikelet shattering whereas high diversity (0.864–0.907) was observed for all quantitative traits. The first five principal components (PC) explained 61.8% of the total phenotypic variation with two PCs explaining 37.5% variation mainly due to flowering and maturity days, plant height, flag leaf length, grain and straw yield, ear weight, ear exsertion and number of fingers per head. Genotypes were grouped into four clusters with 16, 66, 107 and 111 accessions based on quantitative traits. The correlation between the traits indicated that accessions with early flowering, tall plants, long leaves, high tillers, large ears and bold grains could be given priority for further evaluation in multiple locations. Potential landraces identified for each trait could either be deployed to wider areas as varieties or used as trait donors in finger millet breeding.

小米(Eleusine coracana, L.)Gaertn.)是尼泊尔第四大最重要的作物，具有多种效益，但仍然被主流研究和开发所忽视。提高其生产力的主要选择是通过在育种计划中加强种质资源的利用来开发优良品种。为提高非原生境地保护品种的利用水平，本研究连续两年(2017-2018)在尼泊尔3个山区的54个地区采集了300份指谷子资料。记录了9个定性性状和17个定量性状，并结合平均数据进行多变量分析以评估农业形态多样性。Shannon-Weaver多样性指数(H′)表明，除指分枝和小穗碎裂外，各种质间的定性性状多样性(0.647 ~ 0.908)较高，数量性状多样性(0.864 ~ 0.907)较高。前5个主成分解释了61.8%的表型变异，其中2个主成分解释了37.5%的表型变异，主要是由于花期和成熟期、株高、旗叶长、籽粒和秸秆产量、穗重、穗外伸和穗指数。根据数量性状将基因型分为4个聚类，分别为16、66、107和111个。性状间的相关性表明，早花、高株、长叶、高分蘖、大穗、粗粒的材料可作为多地点进一步评价的优先选择。为每种性状确定的潜在地方品种可以作为品种部署到更广泛的地区，也可以作为性状供体用于谷子育种。

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引用次数: 0

Wild relatives of fruit trees in Syria: Genetic resources threatened by conflict 叙利亚果树的野生近缘种:受冲突威胁的遗传资源

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.46265/genresj.etes2274

Munzer Al Darvish, Anas Al Kaddour, Akram Bourgol, Yasser Ramazan, Yousef Hallak, S. Cavers, J. Cottrell

Wild relatives of fruit trees (WRFT) are highly valued for food and tradable products by rural communities, especially in low-income countries and as such are a vital resource for tree improvement. During periods of conflict, a lack of support and protection by national authorities may make WRFT vulnerable. In Syria, WRFT are at risk of extinction due to the ongoing crisis, which has limited efforts to conserve and propagate these unique genetic resources. We collected information about the current status and key threats to WRFT in northwest Syria from 50 agricultural experts using structured interviews. Our results show that many sites have experienced erosion, overgrazing and drought. To initiate in situ and ex situ conservation, the locations of WRFT exposed to deterioration were identified and mapped using GPS, and seeds from five genotypes per species were collected from each of ten species to be used for the establishment of an in situ and ex situ WRFT collection.

在农村社区，特别是在低收入国家，果树野生近缘种作为食品和贸易产品受到高度重视，因此是树木改良的重要资源。在冲突期间，缺乏国家当局的支持和保护可能使WRFT变得脆弱。在叙利亚，由于持续的危机限制了保护和传播这些独特遗传资源的努力，WRFT面临灭绝的危险。我们通过结构化访谈从50名农业专家那里收集了叙利亚西北部WRFT的现状和主要威胁的信息。我们的研究结果表明，许多地点经历了侵蚀、过度放牧和干旱。为了启动WRFT的原位和非原位保护，研究人员利用GPS识别和绘制了暴露于退化的WRFT的位置，并从10个物种中每个物种收集了5个基因型的种子，用于建立WRFT的原位和非原位收集。

引用次数: 0

Phenotypic characterization of Harar and Ogaden cattle breeds of Ethiopia: The first step for conservation 埃塞俄比亚哈拉和奥加登牛品种的表型特征:保护的第一步

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.46265/genresj.ixpj9541

Amine Mustefa, Tesfalem Aseged, Seble Sinkie, F. Getachew, Tesfu Fekensa, Manaye Misganaw, Abebe Hailu

Fourteen morphological and eight morphometric traits on a total of 456 adult cattle (354 cows and 102 oxen) from five purposively selected districts were recorded to characterize the cattle populations in eastern Ethiopia. Frequency, general linear model, and multivariate analysis procedures of Statistical Analysis Software (SAS 9.0) were used to analyze the data. The morphological similarities among the cattle populations from Tulo, Jarso, and Fedis districts confirm the presence of a unique cattle breed which was previously referred to as Harar cattle. The same was observed for the cattle populations from Jigjiga and Kebri Beyah districts which were previously referred to as Ogaden cattle. The Harar cattle are characterized by their forward-oriented, widely spaced, and medium-length horns while the Ogaden cattle possess upright-oriented, narrowly spaced short horns. The majority of the Ogaden cattle had gray body color while the Harar cattle possess multiple body colors where red and its combination with white and black colors are observed frequently. Most of the morphometric measurement values were higher for the oxen, while the cows had longer horns. Moreover, Ogaden cattle had higher morphometric measurement values than the Harar cattle. According to the multivariate analysis results the cattle populations in the study area were separated into two breeds; the Harar and Ogaden. However, these results only showed the phenotypic differences which might not necessarily be due to genetic differences. Therefore, further genetic characterization is recommended to understand their level of relationships which in turn helps to design conservation and breeding programs.

本文记录了埃塞俄比亚东部5个地区456头成年牛(354头奶牛和102头公牛)的14个形态学特征和8个形态学特征。采用统计分析软件(SAS 9.0)的频率、一般线性模型和多变量分析程序对数据进行分析。来自Tulo、Jarso和Fedis地区的牛种群在形态上的相似性证实了一种独特的牛品种的存在，这种牛以前被称为Harar牛。在吉吉加和克布里贝亚地区的牛群中也观察到同样的情况，这些牛以前被称为欧加登牛。哈拉牛的特点是它们的角向前，间距大，长度中等，而欧加登牛的角垂直，间距小。大多数欧加登牛的身体颜色是灰色的，而哈拉牛的身体颜色多样，经常看到红色及其与白色和黑色的组合。牛角的形态测量值大多较高，牛角较长。欧加登牛的形态测量值高于哈拉尔牛。根据多因素分析结果，将研究区牛种群划分为两个品种;哈拉河和欧加登河。然而，这些结果只显示了表型差异，这可能不一定是由于遗传差异。因此，建议进一步进行遗传鉴定，以了解它们之间的关系水平，从而有助于设计保护和育种计划。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative botanical characterization of Saragolla wheat landraces from Abruzzo and Puglia Regions of Italy 意大利阿布鲁佐和普利亚地区萨拉古拉小麦地方品种的数量植物学特征

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000345

Agata Rascio, Fabrizio Fiorillo, Silvana Paone, Giuditta De Santis, Giuseppe Sorrentino

Since the 1600s, a pasta wheat locally known as Sargolla, Saragollio or Saragollo has been cultivated in central and southern regions of Italy, including Abruzzo and Puglia. To identify if distinctive Saragolla landraces are present in Abruzzo and with a view to registering them as Conservation Varieties in the Abruzzo Regional Register of Genetic Resources, a quantitative botanical characterization of 11 farm-saved seed samples from Abruzzo and a previously defined Saragolla landrace from Puglia was performed. All twelve samples were grown for two years at the CREA-CI field station in Foggia, Puglia (Italy), and were morphologically characterized according to the criteria used by the botanist Johan Percival in 1921. In the 12 samples, we identified 9 taxonomically different botanical types, the most frequent of which were the italicum (32%), found in every population from Abruzzo. The leucurum and the affine were the main components of the previously defined Saragolla from Puglia. Results of the multivariate analysis indicated that the samples collected from farms in Abruzzo are more similar to each other than to the landrace of Saragolla from Puglia and support the registration of a specific Saragolla landrace for the Abruzzo region. The diachronic comparison of the botanical diversity of the currently cultivated Saragolla, with that observed in Sicily and Algeria at the beginning of 1900, suggests that a high degree of genetic diversity still exists in the 11 Saragolla populations from the Abruzzo Region.

自17世纪以来，在意大利中部和南部地区，包括阿布鲁佐和普利亚，种植了一种当地称为Sargolla, Saragollio或Saragollo的面食小麦。为了确定Abruzzo是否存在独特的萨拉戈拉地方品种，并将其登记为Abruzzo区域遗传资源保护品种，对来自Abruzzo的11个农场保存的种子样本和来自Puglia的先前定义的萨拉戈拉地方品种进行了定量植物学表征。所有12个样本都在意大利普利亚福贾的CREA-CI野外站种植了两年，并根据植物学家约翰·珀西瓦尔(Johan Percival)在1921年使用的标准进行了形态学鉴定。在12份样品中鉴定出9种不同的植物类型，其中以意大利属(32%)最多，在阿布鲁佐的每个种群中都有发现。白质和仿射是先前定义的来自普利亚的萨拉戈拉的主要成分。多因素分析结果表明，从阿布鲁佐农场采集的样品彼此之间的相似性大于来自普利亚的萨拉戈拉地方品种，并支持阿布鲁佐地区特定萨拉戈拉地方品种的登记。通过与1900年初在西西里岛和阿尔及利亚观察到的萨拉戈拉植物多样性的历时比较，表明在阿布鲁佐地区的11个萨拉戈拉种群中仍然存在高度的遗传多样性。

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引用次数: 0

Cold hardiness evaluation of some Pistacia species based on electrolyte leakage and eco-physiological parameters 基于电解质泄漏和生态生理参数的部分黄连树抗寒性评价

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000473

Azim Ravari, Hamid Reza Karimi, Ali Akbar Mohammadi Mirik

Abstract Freezing damage is a major limiting factor to Pistachio cultivation in cold climates. Assessment of pistachio genotypes to freezing stress is important for the selection of tolerance cultivars in these regions. In this study, nine genotypes belong to six Pistacia species ( P. terebinthus L., P. atlantica Desf., P. atlantica subsp. kurdica P. atlantica subsp. mutica , P. khinjuk Stocks., P. vera var. Sarakhs , P. vera cv. Badami-Riz-Zarand I, P. vera cv. Badami-Riz-Zarand II) and an interspecies hybrid named UCB1 ( P. atlantica × P. integrrima ) were evaluated to freezing stress at temperatures of −4, −8, −12 and, −16°C in the months of December, January and February. Results showed that electrolyte leakage (EL) percentage and means of eco-physiological parameters varied among genotypes with the highest soluble carbohydrates and phenolic compounds observed in species of P. atlantica subsp. kurdica and P. vera var. Sarakhs respectively. In February, the highest calcium and potassium concentrations of shoot were observed in P. terebinths and P. vera var. Sarakhs genotypes respectively. The highest EL percentage was observed at −16°C in P. atlantica and P. khinjuk and the lowest in P. terebinthus and P. vera var. Sarakhs .

冻害是寒区开心果栽培的主要限制因素。对这些地区的开心果进行抗冻基因型鉴定是选育耐寒品种的重要依据。本研究共分6种黄连木(P. terebinthus L.， P. atlantica Desf.) 9个基因型。;;;;大西洋库尔卡亚种穆蒂卡，P. khinjuk股票公司。，紫花苜蓿var. Sarakhs，紫花苜蓿Badami-Riz-Zarand I, P. vera cv。对Badami-Riz-Zarand II)和种间杂交种UCB1 (P. atlantica × P. integrrima)在12月、1月和2月分别在- 4、- 8、- 12和- 16°C的温度下的冰冻胁迫进行了研究。结果表明，不同基因型间电解质渗漏率和生态生理参数均值存在差异，其中可溶性碳水化合物和酚类化合物含量最高。分别为kurdica和P. vera var. Sarakhs。2月份，翠绿假单胞菌和萨拉克斯假单胞菌的茎部钙和钾含量最高。在- 16°C时，大西洋蒿和金竹蒿的EL百分比最高，金竹蒿和沙绿蒿的EL百分比最低。

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引用次数: 0

Pollen quantity, but not grain size, is correlated with floret size in cultivated sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. 人工栽培向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)花粉数量与小花大小相关，而与籽粒大小无关。

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000709

Jarrad R. Prasifka, Zoe M. Portlas, Brent S. Hulke

Abstract Cultivated sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) pollen helps attract wild and managed bees needed to produce hybrid seed. Pollen quantity and grain size (≈quality) are affected by the environment, but are also heritable traits of interest for breeding. Florets from public inbred B-lines (maintainer) and R-lines (restorer) were used to evaluate pollen quantity and quality, test for trait correlations and determine if line development has changed pollen traits. Pollen quantity (≈25,000–67,000 grains per floret) and diameter (≈30–37 μm) were similar to previous reports and values of each parameter were correlated across years. Pollen quantity per floret was positively correlated with floret size (area; mm 2 ) but floret sizes and pollen quantity were unrelated to pollen grain size. Groups of lines released relatively early (1968–1986) or late (1988–2006) did not differ in pollen quantity or size, and male (R-line) parents did not produce larger grains. The strong, positive correlation between floret size and pollen quantity reveals a possible trade-off because wild bees generally prefer sunflowers with shallower florets. The apparent lack of change in pollen quantity or pollen grain size over time (and lack of increased pollen size in R-lines relative to B-lines) suggests that the quantity and quality of pollen may not be limiting factors in the success of inbred lines or resulting hybrids. Though sunflower lines with larger florets contain more pollen, additional variation in pollen visible on sunflower heads may relate to the timing or completeness of pollen extrusion from anther tubes.

向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)花粉有助于吸引产生杂交种子所需的野生和管理蜜蜂。花粉数量和颗粒大小(≈质量)受环境影响，但也是育种感兴趣的遗传性状。以自交系b系(保持系)和r系(恢复系)的小花为材料，评价花粉的数量和质量，检验性状的相关性，确定系发育是否改变了花粉性状。花粉数量(≈2.5万~ 6.7万粒/小花)和直径(≈30 ~ 37 μm)与以往报道相似，且各参数值具有年际相关性。每朵小花的花粉量与小花面积呈正相关;但小花大小和花粉数量与花粉粒大小无关。释放较早(1968 ~ 1986)和较晚(1988 ~ 2006)的株系在花粉数量和大小上没有差异，父本(r系)的粒数也没有较大。小花大小和花粉数量之间的强烈正相关揭示了一种可能的权衡，因为野生蜜蜂通常更喜欢小花较浅的向日葵。随着时间的推移，花粉数量和花粉粒大小明显没有变化(相对于b系，r系的花粉大小也没有增加)，这表明花粉的数量和质量可能不是自交系或杂交后代成功的限制因素。虽然具有较大小花的向日葵系含有更多的花粉，但在向日葵头上可见的额外花粉变化可能与花粉从花药管中挤出的时间或完整性有关。

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引用次数: 0

Momordica charantia L. var. muricata Willd is a donor for higher fruit number and yield in bitter gourd breeding 野生苦瓜(Momordica charantia L. var. muricata wild)是苦瓜育种中果实数量和产量较高的供体

Plant Genetic Resources

Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1479262123000734

Shivaji Ajinath Lavale, Deepu Mathew, Shri Hari Prasad, Thoppurathu Feba Jacob

Abstract The potential of Momordica charantia var. muricata , a little-known wild form, as a source of favourable alleles in breeding and improvement of bitter melons ( M. charantia var. charantia ), is demonstrated. The M. charantia var. charantia cultivar Priyanka and M. charantia var. muricata accession IC634896 were crossed with each other and cross ability and performance of F 1 plants were studied. These botanical varieties were fully cross-compatible on either direction. Surprisingly, cross of Priyanka × IC634896 produced 80.0 fruits compared to 17.0 in Priyanka and fruit yield per plant (2287.4 g) was more than double that in Priyanka (1042.3 g). This hybrid has to be back crossed with commercial cultivar to improve its fruit size, with no compromise on fruit number. This is the first study showing the promise of M . charantia var. muricata as a potential donor in bitter melon breeding.

摘要:本文证实了苦瓜(M. charantia var. charantia)作为优良等位基因来源的潜力。将白麻品种Priyanka与白麻品种IC634896进行杂交，研究了f1植株的杂交能力和杂交性能。这些植物品种在任何方向上都是完全交叉相容的。令人惊讶的是，Priyanka × IC634896杂交产生80.0个果实，而Priyanka为17.0个果实，单株果实产量(2287.4 g)是Priyanka (1042.3 g)的两倍多。该杂交品种必须与商品品种进行回交，以改善其果实大小，而不影响果实数量。这是首个显示M。在苦瓜育种中作为潜在的供体。

引用次数: 0