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A new statistical distribution via the Phi-4 equation with its wide-ranging applications. 通过 Phi-4 等式得出的新统计分布及其广泛应用。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312458
Yousef F Alharbi, Ahmed M T Abd El-Bar, Mahmoud A E Abdelrahman, Ahmed M Gemeay

This paper presents a new framework based on nonlinear partial differential equations and statistics. For the nonlinear Phi-4 equation, the probability density function of the hyperbolic secant (HS) distribution has been obtained. Our model's density has various shapes, including left-skewed, symmetric, and right-skewed. Eight distinct estimation approaches have been employed to estimate the parameters of our model. Additionally, the behavior of the HS model parameters was investigated using randomly generated data sets using these estimation techniques. Furthermore, we illustrate the applicability of the HS distribution for modeling real data by applying our results to real data. As a result, it is expected that our proposal will be of significant assistance to the community investigating new distributions based on hyperbolic functions and their applications to real-world data sets.

本文提出了一个基于非线性偏微分方程和统计学的新框架。对于非线性 Phi-4 方程,我们得到了双曲正割(HS)分布的概率密度函数。我们模型的密度有多种形状,包括左偏、对称和右偏。我们采用了八种不同的估算方法来估算模型参数。此外,我们还利用这些估计技术,使用随机生成的数据集对 HS 模型参数的行为进行了研究。此外,我们还将结果应用于真实数据,以此说明 HS 分布可用于真实数据建模。因此,预计我们的建议将对研究基于双曲函数的新分布及其在真实世界数据集中的应用的社区大有帮助。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of hematologic parameters, serum electrolytes, and lipid profiles among dyspeptic patients with and without Helicobacter pylori infection attending Jimma Medical Center, Jimma, South West Ethiopia. 在埃塞俄比亚西南部吉马市吉马医疗中心就诊的幽门螺杆菌感染和未感染幽门螺杆菌的消化不良患者血液学参数、血清电解质和血脂谱的比较。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310047
Negussie Sarbecha, Minale Fikade, Tesaka Wondimnew, Kumsa Kene, Negawo Kebede, Habtemariam Gebresillasie, Zerihun Assefa

Background: About half of the world's populations are infected with Helicobacter pylori, which may create atherogenic lipid profiles and contribute to atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, it has been connected to hematological symptoms like anemia. Even though the high prevalence of H.pylori and its associated complications, including cardiovascular disease and anemia, in Ethiopia, there is little data regarding the risk factors associated with H.pylori infection, such as hematologic parameters, electrolyte imbalances, and lipid profiles.

Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study design with a consecutive sampling technique was employed at Jimma Medical Center among 108 dyspeptic patients. Five (5) ml of blood samples were collected from each participant, and serum was extracted and analyzed using a COBAS 6000 core for the lipid and electrolyte, and whole blood was used with a SYSMEX XN 550 to determine hematological parameters. Data were entered in to Epi-data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Simple descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to present the socio-demographic characteristics of the study subjects. Student t-test was used for data comparison and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: H.pylori infected patients had significantly decreased levels of red blood cell count (p = 0.002), hemoglobin (p = 0.012), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (p < 0.001), platelet count (p = 0.001), and sodium level (p = 0.006) when compared to the uninfected group. However, total cholesterol (p = 0.001), and low density lipoprotein (p = 0.021) were increased in H.pylori infected patients when compared to the uninfected group.

Conclusions: This study revealed that H.pylori infection can cause derangements of hematologic parameters, electrolyte imbalances, and alterations of lipid parameters which considered as risk factors for anemia and cardiovascular diseases.

背景:全球约有一半人口感染了幽门螺旋杆菌,它可能会导致动脉粥样硬化和相关的心血管疾病。此外,幽门螺杆菌还与贫血等血液病症状有关。尽管幽门螺杆菌及其相关并发症(包括心血管疾病和贫血)在埃塞俄比亚的发病率很高,但有关幽门螺杆菌感染相关风险因素(如血液学参数、电解质失衡和血脂状况)的数据却很少:在吉马医疗中心对 108 名消化不良患者采用连续抽样技术进行横断面比较研究。每位参与者采集五(5)毫升血样,用 COBAS 6000 核心提取血清并分析血脂和电解质,用 SYSMEX XN 550 分析全血以确定血液参数。数据输入 Epi-data 4.6 版,并导出到 SPSS 25 版进行分析。研究对象的社会人口学特征采用简单的描述性统计和卡方检验。数据比较采用学生 t 检验,P 值小于 0.05 为具有统计学意义:结果:与未感染组相比,幽门螺杆菌感染者的红细胞计数(p = 0.002)、血红蛋白(p = 0.012)、平均血红蛋白浓度(p < 0.001)、血小板计数(p = 0.001)和血钠水平(p = 0.006)均明显下降。然而,与未感染组相比,幽门螺杆菌感染者的总胆固醇(p = 0.001)和低密度脂蛋白(p = 0.021)均有所增加:本研究表明,幽门螺杆菌感染可导致血液学参数紊乱、电解质失衡和血脂参数改变,而这些都被认为是导致贫血和心血管疾病的危险因素。
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引用次数: 0
Dual-Wide Multi-Band (DWMB) four-port flexible MIMO antenna for on-body multiple wireless applications including high diversity performance. 双宽多频带 (DWMB) 四端口灵活多输入多输出天线,适用于包括高分集性能在内的多种体外无线应用。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309690
Manish Sharma, Kanhaiya Sharma, Prabhakara Rao Kapula, Anand Nayyar, Muhammad Bilal

The single-input-single-output technology experiences loss of data in the communication channel due to the receiving antenna undergoing fading of the signal impinged on it. Today's need is faster data transfer with multiple applications in the single antenna with multiple-identical radiating elements, leading to multiple-input-multiple-outputDWMB (MIMODWMB) technology. The MIMODWMB configuration with multi-band capability is the objective of the proposed work with applications ranging between microwave-millimeterWave bands. The four-port Dual-Wide Multi-Band (DWMB) MIMODWMB antenna radiating electro-magnetic-energy is proposed, which generates measured bandwidths of 7.27GHz-34.32GHz (Band 1) and 46.54GHz-71.52GHz (Band 2) including applications Up-link/Down-link Satellite System, X-Band, Ku-Band, ISM 24.0GHz (24.0GHz-24.25GHz), 24.0GHz UWB Band (21.65GHz-26.65GHz), n258, n257/n261 and n263 V-band. The proposed antenna technology is printed on Rogers's low permittivity substrate with a hexagon patch etched with dual merged-elliptical slot and three identical circular slots to achieve high impedance matching for Band 1. The partial-ground is etched by a rectangular slot for better impedance matching, and two-thin-etched rectangular slits generate 60.0GHz Band 2. The thin substrate, thickness 0.254mm, is utilized for flexible applications without compromising the operation of dual wide bandwidths. The flexible antenna is also subjected to analysis of Specific-Absorption-Rate (SAR) analysis at key frequencies within both the bands and found to be within the standard limit of 1.60W/Kg for 1g of the human tissue model and corresponds to 1.01W/Kg at 10.0GHz, 0.280W/Kg at 15.0GHz, 0.475W/Kg at 26.0GHz, 0.588W/Kg at 28.0GHz & 0.301W/Kg at 60.0GHz. The high diversity performance with Envelope Correlation Coefficient<0.50, Diversity Gain≈10.0dB, Total Active Reflection Coefficent<0dB, Channel Capacity Loss<0.40b/s/Hz and multi-band capability for mobile users make the proposed work suitable for flexible on-body applications in a wireless environment. The proposed work MIMODWMB antenna offers advantages such as reduced size (20mm×24mm: 0.61λ0×0.74λ0 at λ0 = 7.27GHz) and a wide range of impedance bandwidths, which are useful for several applications. Also, due to the flexible nature of the design, they can be used for future on-body wearable applications.

单输入-单输出技术在通信信道中会出现数据丢失,原因是接收天线受到信号衰减的影响。如今的需求是在具有多个相同辐射元件的单天线上实现更快的数据传输和多种应用,这就导致了多输入多输出DWMB(MIMODWMB)技术的出现。具有多波段能力的 MIMODWMB 配置是拟议工作的目标,其应用范围包括微波-毫米波波段。所提出的四端口双宽多频带(DWMB)MIMODWMB 天线辐射电磁能量,可产生 7.27GHz-34.32GHz (频带 1)和 46.54GHz-71.52GHz (频带 2)的测量带宽,其中包括 46.54GHz-71.52GHz (频带 3)和 46.54GHz-71.52GHz (频带 4)。52GHz(频带 2),包括上行链路/下行链路卫星系统、X 波段、Ku 波段、ISM 24.0GHz(24.0GHz-24.25GHz)、24.0GHz UWB 波段(21.65GHz-26.65GHz)、n258、n257/n261 和 n263 V 波段的应用。拟议的天线技术是在罗杰斯公司的低介电常数基板上印刷的,六角形贴片蚀刻有双合并椭圆槽和三个相同的圆形槽,以实现频带 1 的高阻抗匹配。 部分接地蚀刻有矩形槽,以实现更好的阻抗匹配,两个薄蚀刻矩形缝隙产生 60.0GHz 频带 2。厚度为 0.254 毫米的薄基板可用于柔性应用,而不会影响双宽频带的运行。该柔性天线还在两个频段内的关键频率上进行了比吸收率(SAR)分析,结果表明,在 1g 人体组织模型下,SAR 值在 1.60W/Kg 的标准限制范围内,在 10.0GHz 时为 1.01W/Kg,在 15.0GHz 时为 0.280W/Kg,在 26.0GHz 时为 0.475W/Kg,在 28.0GHz 时为 0.588W/Kg,在 60.0GHz 时为 0.301W/Kg。高分集性能与包络相关系数
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引用次数: 0
Exploring Internet of Things adoption challenges in manufacturing firms: A Delphi Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process approach. 探索制造业企业采用物联网的挑战:德尔菲模糊分析层次过程方法。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311643
Hasan Shahriar, Md Saiful Islam, Md Abrar Jahin, Istiyaque Ahmed Ridoy, Raihan Rafi Prottoy, Adiba Abid, M F Mridha

Innovation is key to gaining a sustainable edge in an increasingly competitive global manufacturing landscape. For Bangladesh's manufacturing sector to survive and thrive in today's cutthroat business environment, adopting transformative technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) is not a luxury but a necessity. This article tackles the formidable task of identifying and comprehensively evaluating the impediments to IoT adoption in the Bangladeshi manufacturing industry. We delve deeply into the complex terrain of IoT adoption challenges by synthesizing expert insights and a meticulously selected body of contemporary literature. We employ a robust methodology combining the Delphi method with the fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process to systematically analyze and prioritize these challenges. Using this methodology, we leveraged the combined expertise of domain specialists and subsequently employed fuzzy logic techniques to address the inherent ambiguities and uncertainties within the data. Our findings highlight this clear path. They reveal that among the myriad barriers, "Lack of top management commitment to implementing new technology" (B10), "High initial implementation investment costs" (B9), and "Risks associated with switching to a new business model" (B7) loom most extensive, demanding immediate attention. These insights are not confined to academia but serve as a pragmatic guide for industrial managers. Armed with the knowledge gleaned from this study, managers can craft tailored strategies, set well-informed priorities, and embark on a transformational journey toward harnessing the vast potential of IoT in the Bangladeshi industrial sector. This article provides a comprehensive understanding of IoT adoption challenges and industry leaders with the tools necessary to navigate these challenges effectively. This strategic navigation, in turn, contributes significantly to enhancing the competitiveness and sustainability of Bangladeshi manufacturing in the IoT era.

在竞争日益激烈的全球制造业环境中,创新是获得可持续优势的关键。孟加拉国制造业要想在当今残酷的商业环境中生存和发展,采用物联网(IoT)等变革性技术并非奢望,而是必须。本文旨在完成一项艰巨的任务,即找出并全面评估孟加拉国制造业采用物联网的障碍。我们综合了专家的见解和精心挑选的当代文献,深入探讨了物联网应用所面临的复杂挑战。我们采用德尔菲法与模糊层次分析法相结合的稳健方法,对这些挑战进行系统分析和优先排序。利用这种方法,我们综合利用了各领域专家的专业知识,随后采用模糊逻辑技术来解决数据中固有的模糊性和不确定性。我们的研究结果凸显了这一清晰的路径。它们显示,在众多障碍中,"缺乏高层管理者对实施新技术的承诺"(B10)、"高昂的初始实施投资成本"(B9)和 "与转换到新业务模式相关的风险"(B7)最为突出,需要立即予以关注。这些见解并不局限于学术界,而是为企业管理者提供了务实的指导。有了从本研究中收集到的知识,管理者们就可以制定有针对性的战略,确定明智的优先事项,并踏上在孟加拉国工业部门利用物联网巨大潜力的转型之旅。本文提供了对物联网应用挑战的全面理解,并为行业领导者提供了有效驾驭这些挑战的必要工具。这种战略导航反过来又大大有助于提高孟加拉国制造业在物联网时代的竞争力和可持续性。
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引用次数: 0
Multilevel attention mechanism for motion fatigue recognition based on sEMG and ACC signal fusion. 基于 sEMG 和 ACC 信号融合的运动疲劳识别多级注意机制。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310035
Dinghong Mu, Jian Wang, Fenglei Li, Wujin Hu, Rong Chen

This study aims to develop a cost-effective and reliable motion monitoring device capable of comprehensive fatigue analysis. It achieves this objective by integrating surface electromyography (sEMG) and accelerometer (ACC) signals through a feature fusion strategy. The study introduces a multi-level attention mechanism for classification, leveraging convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The preprocessing phase involves a local feature attention mechanism that enhances local waveform features using the amplitude envelope. A dual-scale attention mechanism, operating at both channel and neuron levels, is employed to enhance the model's learning from high-dimensional fused data, improving feature extraction and generalization. The local feature attention mechanism significantly improves the model's classification accuracy and convergence, as demonstrated in ablation experiments. The model, optimized with multi-level attention mechanisms, excels in accuracy and generalization, particularly in handling data with pseudo-artifacts. Computational analysis indicates that the proposed optimization algorithm has minimal impact on CNN's training and testing times. The study achieves recognition accuracies of 92.52%, 92.38%, and 92.30%, as well as F1-scores of 91.92%, 92.13%, and 92.29% for the three fatigue states, affirming its reliability. This research provides technical support for the development of affordable and dependable wearable motion monitoring devices.

本研究旨在开发一种能够进行全面疲劳分析的经济可靠的运动监测设备。它通过特征融合策略整合了表面肌电图(sEMG)和加速度计(ACC)信号,从而实现了这一目标。该研究利用卷积神经网络(CNN)引入了一种多级注意分类机制。预处理阶段涉及局部特征注意机制,该机制利用振幅包络增强局部波形特征。在信道和神经元层面上运行的双尺度关注机制被用来加强模型对高维融合数据的学习,从而改进特征提取和泛化。局部特征注意机制大大提高了模型的分类准确性和收敛性,这在消融实验中得到了证实。采用多级关注机制优化的模型在准确性和泛化方面表现出色,尤其是在处理带有伪人工痕迹的数据时。计算分析表明,所提出的优化算法对 CNN 的训练和测试时间影响极小。该研究在三种疲劳状态下的识别准确率分别为 92.52%、92.38% 和 92.30%,F1 分数分别为 91.92%、92.13% 和 92.29%,肯定了其可靠性。这项研究为开发经济、可靠的可穿戴运动监测设备提供了技术支持。
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引用次数: 0
Quality of life, physical symptoms, and psychological symptoms according to the status of chronic vestibulopathy. 慢性前庭大腺炎患者的生活质量、身体症状和心理症状。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312727
Sang-Yoon Han, Sang-Yeon Lee, Myung-Whan Suh, Jun Ho Lee, Moo Kyun Park

Objectives: Symptomatic vestibulopathy impairs patients' lives. However, few studies have explored the lives of patients with compensated or asymptomatic vestibulopathy. This study investigated the quality of life (QOL), psychological health, and physical function of patients with vestibulopathy.

Materials and methods: Using the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, we included individuals with data on demographic factors, diabetes, hypertension, dizziness experiences, pure-tone audiometry, video head impulse test (vHIT), Health-related Quality of Life Instrument with 8 Items, General Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale, stress, and walking and sitting times. Participants were classified into the following groups: an uncompensated group with abnormal vHIT result and chronic dizziness, a compensated group with abnormal vHIT result and a history of dizziness, an asymptomatic group with abnormal vHIT result and no history of dizziness, and a normal group without abnormal vHIT result or a history of dizziness.

Results: Uncompensated vestibulopathy was more common in older individuals and women. The uncompensated group showed impairments in climbing stairs (P < 0.001), pain (P < 0.001), vitality (P = 0.001), working (P < 0.001), depression (P < 0.001), sleep (P = 0.001), happiness (P = 0.002), anxiety (P = 0.006), and stress (P = 0.003). The compensated group showed deficits in pain (P < 0.001), work (P = 0.006), sleep (P = 0.001), and happiness (P = 0.001). The asymptomatic group had no deficits in QOL, psychological health, or physical function. These tendencies were similar after controlling for age and gender.

Conclusion: Vestibulopathy with a history of dizziness has a long-lasting impact on QOL and emotional status, even after compensation. Uncompensated vestibulopathy has a significant effect on QOL and mental health. Notably, though, the compensated group also showed a reduction in QOL. Appropriate interventions for each category of patients should be provided based on their impaired functions.

目的:无症状前庭病会影响患者的生活。然而,很少有研究探讨代偿性或无症状性前庭大腺病患者的生活。本研究调查了前庭大腺病患者的生活质量(QOL)、心理健康和身体功能:利用第八次韩国国民健康与营养调查数据库,我们纳入了有关人口统计学因素、糖尿病、高血压、头晕经历、纯音测听、视频头脉冲测试(vHIT)、健康相关生活质量 8 项量表、一般焦虑症 7 项量表、压力以及行走和坐立时间的数据。参与者被分为以下几组:vHIT结果异常且长期头晕的非代偿组、vHIT结果异常且有头晕病史的代偿组、vHIT结果异常且无头晕病史的无症状组、vHIT结果异常且无头晕病史的正常组:无补偿性前庭病在老年人和女性中更为常见。无代偿组在爬楼梯(P < 0.001)、疼痛(P < 0.001)、活力(P = 0.001)、工作(P < 0.001)、抑郁(P < 0.001)、睡眠(P = 0.001)、快乐(P = 0.002)、焦虑(P = 0.006)和压力(P = 0.003)方面均有障碍。代偿组在疼痛(P < 0.001)、工作(P = 0.006)、睡眠(P = 0.001)和快乐(P = 0.001)方面存在缺陷。无症状组在 QOL、心理健康或身体功能方面没有缺陷。在控制了年龄和性别后,这些趋势相似:结论:有头晕病史的前庭病变会长期影响患者的生活质量和情绪状态,即使在得到补偿后也是如此。未得到补偿的前庭病对 QOL 和心理健康有显著影响。但值得注意的是,代偿组患者的 QOL 也有所下降。应根据各类患者受损的功能为其提供适当的干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Research on the sentiment recognition and application of allusive words based on text semantic enhancement. 基于文本语义增强的典故词情感识别与应用研究。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308944
Xiaomin Li, Hao Wang, Bin Shi, Wenru Bu

In the era of digital intelligence empowerment, the data-driven approach to the mining and organization of humanistic knowledge has ushered in new development opportunities. However, current research on allusions, an important type of humanities data, mainly focuses on the adoption of a traditional paradigm of humanities research. Conversely, little attention is paid to the application of auto-computing techniques to allusive resources. In light of this research gap, this work proposes a model of allusive word sentiment recognition and application based on text semantic enhancement. First, explanatory texts of 36,080 allusive words are introduced for text semantic enhancement. Subsequently, the performances of different deep learning-based approaches are compared, including three baselines and two optimized models. The best model, ERNIE-RCNN, which exhibits a 6.35% improvement in accuracy, is chosen for the sentiment prediction of allusive words based on text semantic enhancement. Next, according to the binary relationships between allusive words and their source text, explanatory text, and sentiments, the overall and time-based distribution regularities of allusive word sentiments are explored. In addition, the sentiments of the source text are inferred according to the allusive word sentiments. Finally, the LDA model is utilized for the topic extraction of allusive words, and the sentiments and topics are fused to construct an allusive word-sentiment theme relationship database, which provides two modes for the semantic association and organization of allusive resources. The empirical results show that the proposed model can achieve the discovery and association of allusion-related humanities knowledge.

在数字智能赋能时代,以数据为驱动的人文知识挖掘与整理方式迎来了新的发展机遇。然而,目前对典故这一重要人文数据类型的研究,主要集中于采用传统的人文研究范式。相反,很少有人关注自动计算技术在典故资源中的应用。针对这一研究空白,本研究提出了一种基于文本语义增强的典故词情感识别与应用模型。首先,引入 36,080 个典故词的解释文本进行文本语义增强。随后,比较了基于深度学习的不同方法的性能,包括三个基线模型和两个优化模型。其中,ERNIE-RCNN 模型的准确率提高了 6.35%,被选为基于文本语义增强的典故词情感预测的最佳模型。接下来,根据典故词与其源文本、解释文本和情感之间的二元关系,探讨了典故词情感的总体分布规律和时间分布规律。此外,根据典故词情感推断源文本的情感。最后,利用 LDA 模型对典故词进行主题提取,并将情感和主题融合,构建典故词-情感主题关系数据库,为典故资源的语义关联和组织提供两种模式。实证结果表明,所提出的模型可以实现典故相关人文知识的发现和关联。
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引用次数: 0
The dual burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among mother-child pairs at the household level in Ethiopia: An urgent public health issue demanding sector-wide collaboration. 埃塞俄比亚家庭母婴营养不良的双重负担及其相关因素:一个需要全行业合作的紧迫公共卫生问题。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307175
Muluken Yigezu, Abdu Oumer, Bereket Damtew, Dereje Birhanu, Sewnet Getaye Workie, Aragaw Hamza, Anteneh Atle, Natnael Kebede

Introduction: The coexistence of under-nutrition and over-nutrition in developing countries like Ethiopia results in the "mother-child pair double burden of malnutrition," with children experiencing either stunting, wasting or underweight while mothers face overweight or obesity. This poses a major public health challenge, prompting global health organizations to prioritize the issue and urge governments to act quickly. Despite this, there is a lack of research in Ethiopia on the double burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs at the household level and the factors that worsen it.

Objective: To assess the magnitude of double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among mother-child pair at household level in East Ethiopia, 2022.

Method: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in East Ethiopia from April 15 to June 11, 2022. Multi-stage sampling was used, and data were collected through structured interviews. Child nutrition indicators were processed using WHO Anthro software. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed, calculating both crude and adjusted odds ratios to assess associations. Variables with a P value <0.05 in multivariable analysis were deemed statistically significant.

Result: The study revealed that coexisting malnutrition rates for (OM/SC), (OM/WC), and (OM/UC) were 8.5%, 7.0%, and 7.9% respectively. The double burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs was found to be 12.3% [95% CI: 10.7, 13.7]. Marital status (divorced) [AOR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.82], child birth order (fourth or above) [AOD = 1.88; 95% CI:1.08, 3.26], number of under-five children in the household (five or more under-five children) [AOR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.39], poor maternal and child dietary diversity score [AOR = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.71, 4.45] and [AOR = 8.66; 95% CI: 4.85, 15.44], respectively, household food security status (food insecurity) [AOR = 3.68; 95% CI: 2.36, 5.75], and maternal stature (short stature) [AOR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.65,3.45] were factors significantly associated with this burden.

Conclusion: The study emphasized the double burden of malnutrition affecting both mothers and children, a major public health concern in the area. Early-life nutrition is vital in preventing childhood under nutrition and adult obesity, leading to this dual burden. Breaking the cycle of malnutrition across generations is crucial. Policy makers should prioritize improving child nutrition and maternal health, stressing early-life nutrition to address the mother-child double burden of malnutrition.

导言:在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家,营养不良和营养过剩并存,造成了 "母婴双重营养不良负担",儿童发育不良、消瘦或体重不足,而母亲则面临超重或肥胖。这对公共卫生构成了重大挑战,促使全球卫生组织将这一问题列为优先事项,并敦促各国政府迅速采取行动。尽管如此,埃塞俄比亚仍缺乏对家庭层面母婴营养不良双重负担及其恶化因素的研究:评估 2022 年埃塞俄比亚东部家庭母婴营养不良双重负担的严重程度及其相关因素:方法:2022 年 4 月 15 日至 6 月 11 日在埃塞俄比亚东部开展了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样,通过结构化访谈收集数据。使用世界卫生组织的 Anthro 软件处理儿童营养指标。进行二元逻辑回归分析,计算粗略和调整后的几率,以评估相关性。变量的 P 值结果:研究显示,(OM/SC)、(OM/WC)和(OM/UC)的并存营养不良率分别为 8.5%、7.0% 和 7.9%。研究发现,母婴双亲营养不良的双重负担率为 12.3% [95% CI:10.7,13.7]。婚姻状况(离婚)[AOR = 1.80;95% CI:1.15,2.82]、孩子出生顺序(第四胎或以上)[AOD = 1.88;95% CI:1.08,3.26]、家庭中五岁以下儿童数量(五个或以上五岁以下儿童)[AOR = 1.58;95% CI:1.04,2.39]、母婴膳食多样性不良评分[AOR = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.71, 4.45]和[AOR = 8.66; 95% CI: 4.85, 15.44]、家庭食品安全状况(食品不安全)[AOR = 3.68; 95% CI: 2.36, 5.75]和母亲身材(身材矮小)[AOR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.65,3.45]是与这一负担显著相关的因素:这项研究强调了营养不良对母亲和儿童造成的双重负担,这也是该地区的一个主要公共卫生问题。生命早期的营养对预防儿童营养不良和成人肥胖症至关重要,这将导致双重负担。打破营养不良的代际循环至关重要。决策者应优先改善儿童营养和孕产妇健康,强调生命早期营养,以解决母婴营养不良的双重负担。
{"title":"The dual burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among mother-child pairs at the household level in Ethiopia: An urgent public health issue demanding sector-wide collaboration.","authors":"Muluken Yigezu, Abdu Oumer, Bereket Damtew, Dereje Birhanu, Sewnet Getaye Workie, Aragaw Hamza, Anteneh Atle, Natnael Kebede","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0307175","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0307175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The coexistence of under-nutrition and over-nutrition in developing countries like Ethiopia results in the \"mother-child pair double burden of malnutrition,\" with children experiencing either stunting, wasting or underweight while mothers face overweight or obesity. This poses a major public health challenge, prompting global health organizations to prioritize the issue and urge governments to act quickly. Despite this, there is a lack of research in Ethiopia on the double burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs at the household level and the factors that worsen it.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the magnitude of double burden of malnutrition and its associated factors among mother-child pair at household level in East Ethiopia, 2022.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in East Ethiopia from April 15 to June 11, 2022. Multi-stage sampling was used, and data were collected through structured interviews. Child nutrition indicators were processed using WHO Anthro software. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed, calculating both crude and adjusted odds ratios to assess associations. Variables with a P value <0.05 in multivariable analysis were deemed statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The study revealed that coexisting malnutrition rates for (OM/SC), (OM/WC), and (OM/UC) were 8.5%, 7.0%, and 7.9% respectively. The double burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs was found to be 12.3% [95% CI: 10.7, 13.7]. Marital status (divorced) [AOR = 1.80; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.82], child birth order (fourth or above) [AOD = 1.88; 95% CI:1.08, 3.26], number of under-five children in the household (five or more under-five children) [AOR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.04, 2.39], poor maternal and child dietary diversity score [AOR = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.71, 4.45] and [AOR = 8.66; 95% CI: 4.85, 15.44], respectively, household food security status (food insecurity) [AOR = 3.68; 95% CI: 2.36, 5.75], and maternal stature (short stature) [AOR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.65,3.45] were factors significantly associated with this burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study emphasized the double burden of malnutrition affecting both mothers and children, a major public health concern in the area. Early-life nutrition is vital in preventing childhood under nutrition and adult obesity, leading to this dual burden. Breaking the cycle of malnutrition across generations is crucial. Policy makers should prioritize improving child nutrition and maternal health, stressing early-life nutrition to address the mother-child double burden of malnutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11534222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatiotemporal patterns and factors contributing to neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: Data from EDHS 2000 to 2019. 埃塞俄比亚新生儿死亡的时空模式和因素:2000年至2019年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查数据。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310276
Getiye Dejenu Kibret, Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu, Abel F Dadi, Erkihun Amsalu, Addisu Alehegn Alemu, Tahir Ahmed Hassen, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Meless Gebrie Bore, Zemenu Yohannes Kassa, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Jemal E Shifa, Animut Alebel, Kedir Y Ahmed

Background: Although Ethiopia has substantial improvements in various health indicators such as maternal and child mortality, the burden of neonatal mortality remains high. Between 2016 and 2019, neonatal mortality increased from 29 deaths per 1,000 live births to 33 deaths per 1,000 live births. This study aimed to explore the spatial patterns and factors contributing to neonatal mortality in Ethiopia.

Methods: Data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS) for the years 2000, 2005, 2011, 2016, and 2019 were analyzed. The EDHS sampling design uses a two-stage cluster sampling technique, considering census enumeration areas as primary sampling units and households as secondary sampling units. We used the Spatial Scan analysis in SaTScan and Getis-Ord Gi* statistic in Geographic Information System (GIS), to analyse the spatiotemporal patterns of neonatal mortality. Maternal, newborn and health service-related factors contributing to neonatal mortality were also analyzed using a multilevel logistic regression model. Adjusted Odds Rios (AOR) with corresponding 95% CI were presented as a measure of association and a P-value of 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.

Results: During the initial three consecutive surveys, there was a consistent pattern of hot spot clusters in the Amhara and Benshangul Gumuz regions, along with certain parts of the Oromia region. However, in later surveys, these clusters shifted to the eastern parts of the country, notably including the Somali region. Early initiation of breast feeding was associated with reduced chances of neonatal death (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]) = 0.27; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.23, 0.32). Neonates born at home (AOR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.82) and male babies had a higher likelihood of mortality during the neonatal period compared to their counterparts (AOR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.51). The odds of neonatal mortality increased with the number of children a mother had ever given birth to (AOR = 1.36; 95% CI: 1.24, 1.51). In contrast, longer birth intervals were associated with a reduced risk of neonatal mortality (AOR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.83).

Conclusion: The central southern, central-western, north-western, and northern parts of Ethiopia had most of the neonatal death clusters in the first three rounds of DHS while eastern Ethiopia had the highest neonatal mortality clusters in the latest two surveys. Our results underscore the importance for policymakers and health administrators to reassess intervention approaches and reallocate resources to regions identified as hot spots for neonatal mortality. Enhancing the initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour of birth would improve newborn survival rates. Special attention and care need to be given to babies born of smaller sizes.

背景:尽管埃塞俄比亚在孕产妇和儿童死亡率等各项健康指标方面取得了实质性改善,但新生儿死亡率负担仍然很重。2016 年至 2019 年间,新生儿死亡率从每千名活产儿 29 例死亡上升至每千名活产儿 33 例死亡。本研究旨在探讨导致埃塞俄比亚新生儿死亡率的空间模式和因素:分析了埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查(EDHS)2000、2005、2011、2016 和 2019 年的数据。埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查的抽样设计采用两阶段整群抽样技术,将人口普查辖区作为一级抽样单位,家庭作为二级抽样单位。我们使用 SaTScan 中的空间扫描分析和地理信息系统(GIS)中的 Getis-Ord Gi* 统计来分析新生儿死亡率的时空模式。此外,还利用多层次逻辑回归模型分析了导致新生儿死亡的孕产妇、新生儿和医疗服务相关因素。结果显示,在最初的三次连续调查中,新生儿死亡率均高于正常值:在最初的三次连续调查中,阿姆哈拉和本尚古鲁兹地区以及奥罗莫地区的某些地方出现了一致的热点集群模式。然而,在后来的调查中,这些热点集群转移到了该国东部地区,主要包括索马里地区。早期开始母乳喂养与新生儿死亡几率的降低有关(调整后比值比 [AOR]) = 0.27;95% 置信区间 [CI]:0.23, 0.32):0.23, 0.32).在家中出生的新生儿(AOR = 1.46;95% CI:1.16,1.82)和男婴在新生儿期死亡的可能性高于同龄婴儿(AOR = 1.36;95% CI:1.24,1.51)。新生儿死亡的几率随着母亲生育过的孩子数量的增加而增加(AOR = 1.36;95% CI:1.24,1.51)。与此相反,生育间隔越长,新生儿死亡风险越低(AOR = 0.76;95% CI:0.68,0.83):埃塞俄比亚中南部、中西部、西北部和北部地区在前三轮人口与健康调查中出现了大多数新生儿死亡群,而在最近两次调查中,埃塞俄比亚东部地区的新生儿死亡率最高。我们的调查结果表明,政策制定者和卫生管理者必须重新评估干预方法,并将资源重新分配到被确定为新生儿死亡热点的地区。加强新生儿出生后一小时内的母乳喂养将提高新生儿存活率。需要特别关注和照顾出生时体型较小的婴儿。
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引用次数: 0
Correlations between nutritional indicators and cognitive function in patients with stable schizophrenia in a hospital setting. 医院环境中稳定型精神分裂症患者的营养指标与认知功能之间的相关性。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312227
Binyou Wang, Yong Zhou, Han Yu, Techeng Jiang, Kezhi Liu, Jianlin Pu, Yilin Wang

Background and objectives: Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia, and it is now clear that there is a link between nutritional indicators and cognitive functioning. This study aimed to investigate correlations between three nutritional indicators (prognostic nutritional index [PNI], geriatric nutritional risk index [GNRI], and controlling nutritional status score [CONUT]) and cognitive function in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia.

Methods: A total of 235 patients who were hospitalized with stable schizophrenia were included. Patient demographic information was collected through self-reports or electronic medical records, and cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in China (MoCA-C). Information on serum albumin and total cholesterol levels, lymphocyte counts, and body mass index during the stable stage of schizophrenia was collected to calculate the PNI, GNRI, and CONUT scores, according to their respective calculation criteria. Covariate-adjusted linear regression model and ordered logistic regression model were constructed to determine the relationship between nutritional indicators and cognitive function.

Results: Overall, 90.2% of the patients were under the age of 60 years, and males comprised 60% of all patients. The median scores for MoCA-C, PNI, GNRI, and CONUT in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia were 18 (12,23), 52.85 (50.25,55.90), 110.85 (105.80,116.21), and 3 (3,3), respectively. The results of the correlation analysis showed that only PNI was associated with MoCA-C scores (r = 0.15, P = 0.021). This relationship was further confirmed by covariate-adjusted linear regression modeling (β = 0.147, 95%CI:0.049-0.351, p = 0.01) and ordered logistic regression modeling (OR = 0.054, 95%CI:0.001-0.106, p = 0.046).

Conclusions: The findings revealed a significant correlation between PNI scores and MoCA-C scores in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia.

背景和目的:认知障碍是精神分裂症的一个核心特征,目前已明确营养指标与认知功能之间存在联系。本研究旨在探讨三种营养指标(预后营养指数[PNI]、老年营养风险指数[GNRI]和控制营养状况评分[CONUT])与住院稳定型精神分裂症患者认知功能之间的相关性:方法:共纳入 235 名住院的稳定期精神分裂症患者。通过自我报告或电子病历收集患者的人口统计学信息,并使用蒙特利尔认知功能评估(MoCA-C)对患者的认知功能进行评估。收集精神分裂症稳定期的血清白蛋白和总胆固醇水平、淋巴细胞计数和体重指数等信息,并根据其各自的计算标准计算 PNI、GNRI 和 CONUT 分数。建立了协变量调整线性回归模型和有序逻辑回归模型,以确定营养指标与认知功能之间的关系:总体而言,90.2%的患者年龄在 60 岁以下,男性占所有患者的 60%。住院稳定期精神分裂症患者的 MoCA-C、PNI、GNRI 和 CONUT 的中位数分别为 18(12,23)、52.85(50.25,55.90)、110.85(105.80,116.21)和 3(3,3)。相关性分析结果显示,只有 PNI 与 MoCA-C 评分相关(r = 0.15,P = 0.021)。协变量调整线性回归模型(β = 0.147,95%CI:0.049-0.351,P = 0.01)和有序逻辑回归模型(OR = 0.054,95%CI:0.001-0.106,P = 0.046)进一步证实了这种关系:研究结果表明,在住院的稳定期精神分裂症患者中,PNI评分与MoCA-C评分之间存在明显的相关性。
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