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Causal debiasing for unknown bias in histopathology-A colon cancer use case. 组织病理学中未知偏差的因果去伪存真--结肠癌应用案例。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303415
Ramón L Correa-Medero, Rish Pai, Kingsley Ebare, Daniel D Buchanan, Mark A Jenkins, Amanda I Phipps, Polly A Newcomb, Steven Gallinger, Robert Grant, Loic Le Marchand, Imon Banerjee

Advancement of AI has opened new possibility for accurate diagnosis and prognosis using digital histopathology slides which not only saves hours of expert effort but also makes the estimation more standardized and accurate. However, preserving the AI model performance on the external sites is an extremely challenging problem in the histopathology domain which is primarily due to the difference in data acquisition and/or sampling bias. Although, AI models can also learn spurious correlation, they provide unequal performance across validation population. While it is crucial to detect and remove the bias from the AI model before the clinical application, the cause of the bias is often unknown. We proposed a Causal Survival model that can reduce the effect of unknown bias by leveraging the causal reasoning framework. We use the model to predict recurrence-free survival for the colorectal cancer patients using quantitative histopathology features from seven geographically distributed sites and achieve equalized performance compared to the baseline traditional Cox Proportional Hazards and DeepSurvival model. Through ablation study, we demonstrated benefit of novel addition of latent probability adjustment and auxiliary losses. Although detection of cause of unknown bias is unsolved, we proposed a causal debiasing solution to reduce the bias and improve the AI model generalizibility on the histopathology domain across sites. Open-source codebase for the model training can be accessed from https://github.com/ramon349/fair_survival.git.

人工智能的发展为使用数字组织病理切片进行准确诊断和预后分析提供了新的可能性,这不仅节省了专家的工作时间,还使评估更加标准化和准确。然而,在组织病理学领域,保持人工智能模型在外部网站上的性能是一个极具挑战性的问题,这主要是由于数据采集的差异和/或采样偏差造成的。虽然人工智能模型也能学习到虚假相关性,但它们在不同验证人群中的表现并不相同。虽然在临床应用前检测并消除人工智能模型的偏差至关重要,但偏差的原因往往是未知的。我们提出了一种因果生存模型,它可以利用因果推理框架来减少未知偏差的影响。我们使用该模型预测了结直肠癌患者的无复发生存期,该模型使用了来自七个地理分布地点的定量组织病理学特征,与基线传统 Cox Proportional Hazards 和 DeepSurvival 模型相比,取得了相同的性能。通过消融研究,我们证明了新增加的潜在概率调整和辅助损失的益处。虽然未知偏差原因的检测问题尚未解决,但我们提出了一种因果去杂解决方案,以减少偏差并提高人工智能模型在组织病理学领域跨部位的通用性。模型训练的开源代码库可从 https://github.com/ramon349/fair_survival.git 获取。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing video data security: A hybrid MAES-ECC encryption technique for efficient internet transmission. 优化视频数据安全:用于高效互联网传输的 MAES-ECC 混合加密技术。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311765
Sobia Shafiq, Sohaib Latif, Jawad Ibrahim, M Saad Bin Ilyas, Azhar Imran, Natalia Kryvinska, Ahmad Alshammari, Mohammed El-Meligy

Data security is becoming important as the amount of video data transmitted over the internet grows rapidly. This research article aims to maximize the security of transmitted video data by proposing a novel hybrid technique for video encryption and decryption. Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and the Modified Advanced Encryption Standard (MAES) are two encryption techniques that are included in the hybrid approach. By providing a more effective and safe method for video encryption and decryption, this research considerably advances the field of video data protection in Internet communication. In the proposed technique the video frames are extracted, and each frame is first encrypted using MAES technique and then again encrypted using ECC technique. After the encryption, the individual frames are merged to make an encrypted video. The same process is performed in reverse order to perform decryption of the video. The results of the experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested scheme: higher security, better accuracy, and shorter processing times when compared to well-known techniques such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), MAES, ECC, Simplified Data Encryption Standard (SDES), and Chaotic Map methods.

随着互联网上传输的视频数据量迅速增长,数据安全变得越来越重要。本研究文章旨在通过提出一种新型混合视频加密和解密技术,最大限度地提高传输视频数据的安全性。椭圆曲线加密法(ECC)和修正高级加密标准(MAES)是混合方法中的两种加密技术。通过为视频加密和解密提供更有效、更安全的方法,这项研究大大推进了互联网通信中的视频数据保护领域。在所提出的技术中,视频帧被提取出来,每个帧首先使用 MAES 技术进行加密,然后再使用 ECC 技术进行加密。加密后,将各个帧合并成加密视频。同样的过程以相反的顺序执行,对视频进行解密。实验结果证明了建议方案的有效性:与高级加密标准(AES)、MAES、ECC、简化数据加密标准(SDES)和混沌映射法等著名技术相比,安全性更高,准确性更好,处理时间更短。
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引用次数: 0
Pine pollen reverses the function of hepatocellular carcinoma by inhibiting α-Enolase mediated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. 松花粉通过抑制α-烯醇化酶介导的 PI3K/AKT 信号通路,逆转肝细胞癌的功能。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312434
Yanhong Luo, Chun Guo, Caixia Ling, Wenjun Yu, Yuanhong Chen, Lihe Jiang, Qiuxiang Luo, Chunfang Wang, Weixin Xu

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the influence of pine pollen (PP) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) behavior in vitro and in vivo and explore its mechanism of action by focusing on the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein serine-threonine kinase (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway and α-Enolase (ENO1) gene expression.

Methods: We performed a bioinformatics analysis of ENO1. HCC cells overexpressing ENO1 were developed by lentivirus transfection. Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration were assessed using the cell cytotoxicity kit-8 assay, transwell assay, cell scratch test, and ENO1 inhibiting proliferation experiment. Protein expression was analyzed using Western blot. The in vivo effects of PP on HCC xenografts were also assessed in mice. The serum of nude mice in each group was analyzed for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and AST/ALT. The tumor blocks of nude mice were weighed, and proteins were extracted for Western blot.

Results: Compared to normal cells, the phosphorylation of ENO1 at the S27 site was most significant in HCC cells and was closely related to cell proliferation. In vitro, the PP solution inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of ENO1 overexpressing cells compared with empty-vector-transfected cells. In mice bearing HCC, PP injection inhibited the overexpression of ENO1, affected serum ALT, AST, and AST/ALT levels, and reduced tumor weight. However, the expression of proliferation-related proteins in tumors overexpressing ENO1 was higher than in empty transfected tumors.

Conclusion: PP inhibits HCC by regulating the expression of ENO1 and MBP-1 and suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway by inhibiting C-MYC and erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2.

研究目的本研究旨在通过关注磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白丝氨酸-苏氨酸激酶(PI3K/AKT)信号通路和α-烯醇化酶(ENO1)基因表达,探讨松花粉(PP)对肝细胞癌(HCC)体外和体内行为的影响及其作用机制:我们对ENO1进行了生物信息学分析。方法:我们对ENO1进行了生物信息学分析。采用细胞毒性试剂盒-8检测法、Transwell检测法、细胞划痕试验和ENO1抑制增殖实验评估细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移。蛋白表达采用 Western 印迹法进行分析。还评估了 PP 对小鼠 HCC 异种移植的体内效应。对每组裸鼠的血清进行丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和 AST/ALT 分析。对裸鼠的肿瘤块进行称重,并提取蛋白质进行 Western 印迹:与正常细胞相比,ENO1在S27位点的磷酸化在HCC细胞中最为显著,且与细胞增殖密切相关。在体外,与空载体转染细胞相比,聚丙烯溶液抑制了ENO1过表达细胞的增殖、侵袭和迁移。在患有肝癌的小鼠中,注射聚丙烯可抑制ENO1的过表达,影响血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和谷草转氨酶/谷丙转氨酶水平,并减轻肿瘤重量。然而,在过表达 ENO1 的肿瘤中,增殖相关蛋白的表达高于空转染肿瘤:PP 通过调节 ENO1 和 MBP-1 的表达以及抑制 C-MYC 和 erb-B2 受体酪氨酸激酶 2 来抑制 PI3K/AKT 通路,从而抑制 HCC。
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引用次数: 0
Nonlinear effects of traffic statuses and road geometries on highway traffic accident severity: A machine learning approach. 交通状况和道路几何对高速公路交通事故严重性的非线性影响:机器学习方法
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314133
Yao Liang, Hongxia Yuan, Zhenwu Wang, Zhongjin Wan, Tiantian Liu, Bing Wu, Shijie Chen, Xiaobo Tang

The purpose of this study is to explore nonlinear and threshold effects of traffic statuses and road geometries, as well as their interactions, on traffic accident severity. In contrast to earlier research that primarily defined road alignment qualitatively as straight or curved, flat or slope, this study focused on the design elements of road geometry at accident locations. Additionally, this study considers the traffic conditions on the day of the accident, rather than the average annual traffic data as previous studies have done. To achieve this, we collected road design documents, traffic-related data, and 2023 accident data from the Suining section of the G42 Expressway in China. Using this dataset, we tested the classification performance of four machine learning models, including eXtreme Gradient Boosting, Gradient Boosted Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Light Gradient Boosting Machine. The optimal Random Forest model was employed to identify the key factors infulencing traffic accident severity, and the partial dependence plot was introduced to visualize the relationship between severity and various single and two-factor variables. The results indicate that the percentage of trucks, daily traffic volume, slope length, road grade, curvature, and curve length all exhibit significant nonlinear and threshold effects on accident severity. This reveals sepecific road and traffic features associated with varying levels of accident severity along the highway section examined in this study. The findings of this study will provide data-driven recommendations for highway design and daily safety management to reduce the severity of traffic accidents.

本研究的目的是探讨交通状况和道路几何形状的非线性和阈值效应,以及它们之间的相互作用对交通事故严重程度的影响。与之前主要将道路线形定性为直线或曲线、平坦或倾斜的研究不同,本研究侧重于事故地点的道路几何设计要素。此外,本研究还考虑了事故发生当天的交通状况,而不是像之前的研究那样考虑年平均交通流量数据。为此,我们收集了中国 G42 高速公路遂宁段的道路设计文件、交通相关数据以及 2023 年的事故数据。利用该数据集,我们测试了四种机器学习模型的分类性能,包括极端梯度提升模型、梯度提升决策树模型、随机森林模型和轻梯度提升机模型。采用最优随机森林模型来识别影响交通事故严重性的关键因素,并引入部分依存图来直观显示严重性与各种单因素和双因素变量之间的关系。结果表明,卡车比例、日交通量、斜坡长度、道路坡度、曲率和曲线长度都对事故严重性有显著的非线性和阈值影响。这揭示了在本研究中考察的高速公路路段上,不同的道路和交通特征与不同程度的事故严重性有关。本研究的结果将为公路设计和日常安全管理提供以数据为导向的建议,以降低交通事故的严重性。
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引用次数: 0
Is it safe and feasible to use multi-lateral-pores drainage strategy after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery? 视频辅助胸腔镜手术后采用多侧孔引流策略是否安全可行?
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313176
Yingxian Dong, Shujun Li, Guowei Che

Objectives: Evidence-based studies optimizing chest tube management have been conducted to accelerate the recovery process for lung cancer patients after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). This study is to evaluate whether using the multi-lateral pores chest tube can achieve better drainage performance than conventional-lateral-pore drainage.

Methods: Data from patients undergoing VATS were consecutively collected from September 2023 to June 2024. The groups were randomized into two subgroups, which were multi-lateral-pores drainage group (MDG) and conventional-lateral-pore drainage group (CDG). The primary outcomes included chest drainage performance, and the secondary outcomes included postoperative complications (PPCs).

Results: After screening, 228 patients were randomized into two groups, in which 116 patients in MDG and 112 patients in CDG. The daily drainage volume [199.70 (95%CI: 165.19~234.99) mL/d vs 149.43 (95%CI: 120.70~179.21) mL/d, P<0.01] and total drainage volume [342.79 (95%CI: 291.91~392.63) mL vs 272.68 (95%CI: 225.87~322.11) mL, P = 0.04] in the MDG was significantly higher that that in the CDG. The drainage duration in the MDG was also less than that in the CDG [36.41 (95%CI: 32.23~40.72) h vs 51.02 (95%CI: 46.03~56.38) h, P < 0.01]. The incidence of pleural effusion was lower in the MDG when compared with that in CDG (1.7% vs 9.0%, P = 0.04). No differences were found in the other incidences of chest tube-related PPCs, including pneumothorax (12.0% vs 15.2%, P = 0.15) and subcutaneous emphysema (17.2% vs 17.9%, P = 0.35), however.

Conclusions: Based on this single-center analysis, multi-lateral pores chest tube provided better drainage performance after VATS.

目的:为加速肺癌患者在视频辅助胸腔镜手术(VATS)后的恢复过程,已开展了优化胸管管理的循证研究。本研究旨在评估使用多侧孔胸管是否能获得比传统侧孔引流更好的引流效果:方法:连续收集 2023 年 9 月至 2024 年 6 月期间接受 VATS 手术的患者数据。方法:从 2023 年 9 月至 2024 年 6 月连续收集接受 VATS 手术的患者数据,随机分为两组,即多侧孔引流组(MDG)和传统侧孔引流组(CDG)。主要结果包括胸部引流效果,次要结果包括术后并发症(PPCs):经过筛选,228 例患者被随机分为两组,其中 MDG 组 116 例,CDG 组 112 例。每日引流量[199.70(95%CI:165.19~234.99)毫升/天 vs 149.43(95%CI:120.70~179.21)毫升/天,PC结论:根据这项单中心分析,多侧孔胸管在 VATS 术后能提供更好的引流效果。
{"title":"Is it safe and feasible to use multi-lateral-pores drainage strategy after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery?","authors":"Yingxian Dong, Shujun Li, Guowei Che","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0313176","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0313176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Evidence-based studies optimizing chest tube management have been conducted to accelerate the recovery process for lung cancer patients after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). This study is to evaluate whether using the multi-lateral pores chest tube can achieve better drainage performance than conventional-lateral-pore drainage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from patients undergoing VATS were consecutively collected from September 2023 to June 2024. The groups were randomized into two subgroups, which were multi-lateral-pores drainage group (MDG) and conventional-lateral-pore drainage group (CDG). The primary outcomes included chest drainage performance, and the secondary outcomes included postoperative complications (PPCs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After screening, 228 patients were randomized into two groups, in which 116 patients in MDG and 112 patients in CDG. The daily drainage volume [199.70 (95%CI: 165.19~234.99) mL/d vs 149.43 (95%CI: 120.70~179.21) mL/d, P<0.01] and total drainage volume [342.79 (95%CI: 291.91~392.63) mL vs 272.68 (95%CI: 225.87~322.11) mL, P = 0.04] in the MDG was significantly higher that that in the CDG. The drainage duration in the MDG was also less than that in the CDG [36.41 (95%CI: 32.23~40.72) h vs 51.02 (95%CI: 46.03~56.38) h, P < 0.01]. The incidence of pleural effusion was lower in the MDG when compared with that in CDG (1.7% vs 9.0%, P = 0.04). No differences were found in the other incidences of chest tube-related PPCs, including pneumothorax (12.0% vs 15.2%, P = 0.15) and subcutaneous emphysema (17.2% vs 17.9%, P = 0.35), however.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on this single-center analysis, multi-lateral pores chest tube provided better drainage performance after VATS.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"19 11","pages":"e0313176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11584125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microbiology and management of Staphylococcus aureus lacrimal system infections: A 10-year retrospective study. 金黄色葡萄球菌泪道系统感染的微生物学和处理:一项为期 10 年的回顾性研究。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314366
Niloufar Bineshfar, Kevin D Clauss, Wendy W Lee, Darlene Miller

Purpose: To assess the in vitro efficacy of common antimicrobial agents used empirically for methicillin- resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and MSSA) infections of the lacrimal system.

Methods: A retrospective review of culture-proven S. aureus isolates retrieved from lacrimal system samples collected between January 2013-December 2022 was performed. Microbiologic characteristics such as in vitro susceptibility as well as clinical characteristics including history of recent ocular surgery, presence of lacrimal biomaterial implant, anti-microbial regimen, and treatments outcome were collected.

Results: One hundred and sixteen S. aureus isolates (patients = 116) were identified. Thirty-one (27.4%) and 22 (19.5%) patients had recent ocular procedure and lacrimal intubation, respectively. Fifty (44.2%) patients received a combination of oral and topical antibiotics as first line of treatment. The most common empirically utilized antibiotics were β-lactams (38.9%) and polymyxin B/ trimethoprim (31.0%). The antibiotic regimen was changed at least once in 20.5% of patients due to ineffectiveness. Of the patients with positive cultures from the lacrimal excretory apparatus, 37.3% underwent surgery as part of the treatment approach. Of all isolates identified 44.8% were MRSA. Among the fluoroquinolones, the resistance rate was 38.8% for ciprofloxacin and 30.4% for moxifloxacin, with significantly higher resistance rates in MRSA (P-value <0.0001). The resistance rates for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SXT) and gentamicin were 8.6% and 3.4%, retrospectively.

Conclusions: There is low in vitro efficacy of commonly used antimicrobials such as β-lactams and fluoroquinolones in our study population; thus, we recommend opting for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and gentamicin for systemic and topical single-agent treatments.

目的:评估经验性用于治疗泪道系统耐甲氧西林和敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA 和 MSSA)感染的常用抗菌药物的体外疗效:对 2013 年 1 月至 2022 年 12 月期间从泪道系统样本中提取的经培养证实的金黄色葡萄球菌分离物进行了回顾性研究。收集了微生物学特征(如体外药敏性)和临床特征(包括近期眼科手术史、是否植入泪道生物材料、抗微生物疗法和治疗结果):结果:共鉴定出 116 例金葡菌分离株(患者=116 例)。分别有 31 名(27.4%)和 22 名(19.5%)患者近期进行过眼部手术和泪道插管。50名(44.2%)患者接受了口服和局部抗生素联合治疗作为一线治疗方案。最常用的经验性抗生素是β-内酰胺类(38.9%)和多粘菌素B/三甲氧苄啶(31.0%)。20.5%的患者因疗效不佳至少更换过一次抗生素方案。在泪腺排泄器培养阳性的患者中,37.3%的患者在治疗过程中接受了手术。在所有鉴定出的分离物中,44.8%为 MRSA。在氟喹诺酮类药物中,环丙沙星的耐药率为 38.8%,莫西沙星的耐药率为 30.4%,MRSA 的耐药率明显更高(P 值 结论):在我们的研究人群中,β-内酰胺类和氟喹诺酮类等常用抗菌药的体外疗效较低;因此,我们建议选择三甲双胍/磺胺甲噁唑和庆大霉素进行全身和局部单药治疗。
{"title":"Microbiology and management of Staphylococcus aureus lacrimal system infections: A 10-year retrospective study.","authors":"Niloufar Bineshfar, Kevin D Clauss, Wendy W Lee, Darlene Miller","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0314366","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0314366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the in vitro efficacy of common antimicrobial agents used empirically for methicillin- resistant and sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and MSSA) infections of the lacrimal system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of culture-proven S. aureus isolates retrieved from lacrimal system samples collected between January 2013-December 2022 was performed. Microbiologic characteristics such as in vitro susceptibility as well as clinical characteristics including history of recent ocular surgery, presence of lacrimal biomaterial implant, anti-microbial regimen, and treatments outcome were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and sixteen S. aureus isolates (patients = 116) were identified. Thirty-one (27.4%) and 22 (19.5%) patients had recent ocular procedure and lacrimal intubation, respectively. Fifty (44.2%) patients received a combination of oral and topical antibiotics as first line of treatment. The most common empirically utilized antibiotics were β-lactams (38.9%) and polymyxin B/ trimethoprim (31.0%). The antibiotic regimen was changed at least once in 20.5% of patients due to ineffectiveness. Of the patients with positive cultures from the lacrimal excretory apparatus, 37.3% underwent surgery as part of the treatment approach. Of all isolates identified 44.8% were MRSA. Among the fluoroquinolones, the resistance rate was 38.8% for ciprofloxacin and 30.4% for moxifloxacin, with significantly higher resistance rates in MRSA (P-value <0.0001). The resistance rates for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SXT) and gentamicin were 8.6% and 3.4%, retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is low in vitro efficacy of commonly used antimicrobials such as β-lactams and fluoroquinolones in our study population; thus, we recommend opting for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and gentamicin for systemic and topical single-agent treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"19 11","pages":"e0314366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11584140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: Immune environment and antigen specificity of the T cell receptor repertoire of malignant ascites in ovarian cancer. 更正:卵巢癌恶性腹水的免疫环境和 T 细胞受体复合物的抗原特异性。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314643
Kyoko Yoshida-Court, Tatiana V Karpinets, Aparna Mitra, Travis N Solley, Stephanie Dorta-Estremera, Travis T Sims, Andrea Y Delgado Medrano, Molly B El Alam, Mustapha Ahmed-Kaddar, Erica J Lynn, K Jagannadha Sastry, Jianhua Zhang, Andrew Futreal, Alpa Nick, Karen Lu, Lauren E Colbert, Ann H Klopp

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279590.].

[此处更正了文章 DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0279590]。
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引用次数: 0
Cost-effectiveness of an oral cholate challenge test for the management of patients at risk for large esophageal varices. 口服胆酸盐挑战试验在管理食管大静脉曲张高危患者方面的成本效益。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313006
Shailesh Chavan, Michael P McRae, Kelly R Pitts, Gregory T Everson

Aims: The dual oral cholate challenge test (DuO) quantifies liver function and portal-systemic shunting. Herein we report the economic impact of the use of the DuO Disease Severity Index (DSI) in the clinical management of patients with chronic liver disease suspected of having large esophageal varices.

Methods: A Markov health state transition model of 100,000 patients with chronic liver disease suspected of having varices was populated with previously reported epidemiological, utility, and price data to assess the cost-effectiveness of employing the DuO test against the standard of care. The model examined the clinical and economic impact of healthcare management decisions all centered around the DSI score and given fixed prices of the DuO test.

Results: In the target population, the combined strategy of healthcare management decisions based on DSI results would be highly cost-effective within two years for a price of $3,250 per DuO test. These same management decisions would save 2,740 lives over five years. For a price of ≤$3,213 per test, this intervention would be cost-saving within two years, and for ≤$4,100 per test it would be cost-saving within five years.

Conclusions: Clinical decisions based on DSI from DuO are cost-effective in the management of patients with chronic liver disease suspected of having large esophageal varices. Future studies of direct comparison of DuO with other noninvasive tests are warranted. The DuO test offers a simplified approach that could enhance the clinical and research utility of liver function testing.

目的:双重口服胆酸盐挑战试验(DuO)可量化肝功能和门-系统分流。在此,我们报告了使用 DuO 疾病严重程度指数(DSI)对怀疑患有食管大静脉曲张的慢性肝病患者进行临床管理的经济影响:方法:利用先前报告的流行病学、效用和价格数据,建立了一个 10 万名疑似食管静脉曲张慢性肝病患者的马尔可夫健康状态转换模型,以评估采用 DuO 检验与标准护理相比的成本效益。该模型考察了以 DSI 评分为中心、DuO 检验价格固定的医疗管理决策对临床和经济的影响:结果:在目标人群中,基于 DSI 结果的医疗管理决策的综合策略在两年内具有很高的成本效益,每次 DuO 检验的价格为 3,250 美元。同样的管理决策将在五年内挽救 2,740 人的生命。如果每次检测的价格≤3,213美元,这种干预措施将在两年内节约成本,如果每次检测的价格≤4,100美元,则将在五年内节约成本:结论:在对疑似食管大静脉曲张的慢性肝病患者进行治疗时,根据 DuO 的 DSI 做出临床决策具有成本效益。今后有必要对 DuO 与其他无创检验进行直接比较研究。DuO 检测提供了一种简化的方法,可以提高肝功能检测的临床和研究效用。
{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of an oral cholate challenge test for the management of patients at risk for large esophageal varices.","authors":"Shailesh Chavan, Michael P McRae, Kelly R Pitts, Gregory T Everson","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0313006","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0313006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The dual oral cholate challenge test (DuO) quantifies liver function and portal-systemic shunting. Herein we report the economic impact of the use of the DuO Disease Severity Index (DSI) in the clinical management of patients with chronic liver disease suspected of having large esophageal varices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Markov health state transition model of 100,000 patients with chronic liver disease suspected of having varices was populated with previously reported epidemiological, utility, and price data to assess the cost-effectiveness of employing the DuO test against the standard of care. The model examined the clinical and economic impact of healthcare management decisions all centered around the DSI score and given fixed prices of the DuO test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the target population, the combined strategy of healthcare management decisions based on DSI results would be highly cost-effective within two years for a price of $3,250 per DuO test. These same management decisions would save 2,740 lives over five years. For a price of ≤$3,213 per test, this intervention would be cost-saving within two years, and for ≤$4,100 per test it would be cost-saving within five years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinical decisions based on DSI from DuO are cost-effective in the management of patients with chronic liver disease suspected of having large esophageal varices. Future studies of direct comparison of DuO with other noninvasive tests are warranted. The DuO test offers a simplified approach that could enhance the clinical and research utility of liver function testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"19 11","pages":"e0313006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11584119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dehydroepiandrosterone inhibits ADAMTS expression via an ERK-dependent mechanism in chondrocytes. 脱氢表雄酮通过 ERK 依赖性机制抑制软骨细胞中 ADAMTS 的表达。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313560
Kai Huang, Lin Cheng, Cheng Jiang, Chunwei Zheng, Haili Cai

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease in which cartilage degradation is the hallmark pathological change. In this study, we investigated the anti-osteoarthritic effects of DHEA in rabbit chondrocytes. Polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the expression of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-4, ADAMTS-5, aggrecan and collagen type 2. In addition, ERK1/2 signaling pathway components were analyzed by Western blotting. In IL-1β-induced chondrocytes, the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was enhanced, and the downstream catabolic genes, including ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5, were upregulated, while the anabolic genes aggrecan and collagen type 2 were downregulated. DHEA administration restored the IL-1β-induced imbalance in anabolic and catabolic gene expression. In addition, the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was suppressed by DHEA. Then, PD98059 was used to block the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. The protective effect of DHEA was significantly increased when ERK1/2 signaling was inactivated. DHEA may exert its protective effect by suppressing ADAMTS in an ERK1/2-dependent manner in rabbit chondrocytes.

骨关节炎(OA)是一种以软骨退化为标志性病理变化的关节疾病。本研究探讨了 DHEA 在兔软骨细胞中的抗骨关节炎作用。聚合酶链反应评估了具有血栓软骨素基序的崩解酶和金属蛋白酶(ADAMTS)-4、ADAMTS-5、凝集素和 2 型胶原的表达。此外,还通过 Western 印迹分析了 ERK1/2 信号通路成分。在IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞中,ERK1/2的磷酸化增强,包括ADAMTS-4和ADAMTS-5在内的下游分解基因上调,而蛋白凝集素和胶原蛋白2型的合成基因下调。给予 DHEA 可恢复 IL-1β 诱导的合成代谢和分解代谢基因表达的失衡。此外,DHEA 还抑制了 ERK1/2 的磷酸化。然后,用 PD98059 阻断 ERK1/2 信号通路。当ERK1/2信号通路失活时,DHEA的保护作用明显增强。DHEA可能以ERK1/2依赖的方式抑制兔软骨细胞中的ADAMTS,从而发挥其保护作用。
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引用次数: 0
Characteristics, treatments and outcomes in patients with severe burn wounds; a 10 year cohort study on acute and reconstructive treatment. 严重烧伤患者的特征、治疗方法和结果;关于急性和重建治疗的 10 年队列研究。
IF 2.9 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313287
Lucindi Smit, Anouk Pijpe, Cindy Nguyen, Tara Hartsuiker, Matthea Stoop, Anouk van Heel, Eelke Bosma, Cornelis H van der Vlies, Paul P M van Zuijlen, Margriet E van Baar, Esther Middelkoop

Reports on treatment characteristics and long term outcomes for severe burns are scarce, while the need to compare outcomes of novel treatment modalities to standard of care is increasing. Our national database on burn treatment enabled analysis of patient as well as treatment characteristics during acute treatment and following reconstructive procedures. Furthermore, outcome data of longitudinal scar assessments were analysed from a single burn centre database. Acute and reconstructive data were analysed for patients admitted to the three Dutch burn centres with total body surface area burned of ≥ 20% TBSA. Long term outcome was analysed from a single centre scar database, both for a period of 2009-2019. Treatment characteristics from 396 surviving acute burn patients were analysed. Surgical treatment was required in 89.6% of these patients and 110 patients (27.8%) needed reconstructive surgery in the years after the burn incident, with a mean of 4.4 reconstructive procedures per patient. Main indications were contractures (70.5%) and arms (45.0%) and head and neck region (41.2%) were most frequently affected. Techniques used for reconstructive corrections were predominantly excision, release and flaps (54.7%), followed by skin transplants (32.4%). Scar quality was significantly worse in patients with more severe burns compared to those with TBSA < 20% during prolonged times. These data provide insight into health care utilization, treatment characteristics and outcomes in severely burned patients. These real-world data can guide future development of improved treatment strategies for at risk patients as well as anatomical locations.

有关严重烧伤的治疗特点和长期疗效的报告很少,而将新型治疗方法的疗效与标准治疗方法进行比较的需求却在不断增加。通过我们的全国烧伤治疗数据库,可以对急性治疗期间和重建手术后的患者和治疗特点进行分析。此外,我们还分析了来自单一烧伤中心数据库的纵向疤痕评估结果数据。对荷兰三家烧伤中心收治的烧伤总面积≥ 20% TBSA 的患者的急性期和重建数据进行了分析。从单一中心的疤痕数据库中分析了2009-2019年期间的长期疗效。对 396 名存活的急性烧伤患者的治疗特征进行了分析。其中89.6%的患者需要接受手术治疗,110名患者(27.8%)在烧伤事件发生后的数年内需要接受整形手术,平均每名患者接受4.4次整形手术。主要适应症是挛缩(70.5%),手臂(45.0%)和头颈部(41.2%)最常受到影响。用于重建矫正的技术主要是切除、松解和皮瓣(54.7%),其次是皮肤移植(32.4%)。与总疤痕面积小于 20% 的患者相比,严重烧伤患者的疤痕质量明显较差。这些数据让我们对严重烧伤患者的医疗利用率、治疗特点和结果有了更深入的了解。这些真实世界的数据可以指导未来针对高危患者和解剖位置制定更好的治疗策略。
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