Physiology & Behavior最新文献_第10页

Boredom, interoceptive ability, and emotional eating: An experimental study 无聊、内感受能力和情绪化进食：一项实验研究。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115137

Erica Ahlich , Kendall Poovey , Allison Cunning , Laura Boyajian , Diana Rancourt

Growing evidence underscores the importance of examining specific emotions to better understand emotional eating. Boredom is one such underexplored emotion, and little is known about individual differences that may increase vulnerability to “bored eating.” Given the relevance of interoception—awareness of internal bodily signals—to other forms of dysregulated eating, the current study investigated whether interoceptive ability moderates the relationship between boredom and food consumption. In a controlled laboratory experiment, 187 participants consumed a water preload and were randomly assigned to a 30-minute boredom or neutral condition. Snack foods (chocolate, crackers, chips) were available ad libitum, and consumption was covertly measured. Interoception was assessed via general interoceptive sensibility, hunger/satiety-specific sensibility, and gastric interoceptive sensitivity using the two-step Water Load Test. Analyses of covariance tested main and interaction effects of condition and interoceptive measures on food consumption. Contrary to hypotheses, neither boredom nor any interoceptive measure predicted total or food-type-specific consumption. Additionally, interoception did not moderate the relationship between boredom and eating. These findings contribute to a growing body of research questioning the predictive validity of self-reported emotional eating and highlight the importance of distinguishing between self-reported tendencies and observable behavior. Future research using ecologically valid, longitudinal methods may help clarify when and for whom boredom contributes to dysregulated eating and whether physiological awareness influences this pathway.

越来越多的证据强调了研究特定情绪对更好地理解情绪化进食的重要性。无聊就是这样一种未被充分探索的情绪，人们对个体差异是否会增加“无聊进食”的脆弱性知之甚少。鉴于内感受能力——对身体内部信号的感知——与其他形式的饮食失调之间的相关性，目前的研究调查了内感受能力是否调节了无聊和食物消费之间的关系。在一项受控的实验室实验中，187名参与者喝了预负荷的水，并被随机分配到30分钟的无聊或中性状态。零食（巧克力、饼干、薯片）是随意供应的，消费量是秘密测量的。使用两步水负荷试验，通过一般内感受敏感性、饥饿/饱腹感特异性敏感性和胃内感受敏感性来评估内感受。条件和内感受性措施对食物消费的主效应和交互效应的协方差检验分析。与假设相反，无聊和任何内感受性测量都无法预测总消费量或特定食物类型的消费量。此外，内感受并没有缓和无聊和进食之间的关系。这些发现促使越来越多的研究质疑自我报告的情绪性饮食的预测有效性，并强调区分自我报告的倾向和可观察到的行为的重要性。未来的研究使用生态学上有效的纵向方法，可能有助于澄清无聊何时以及对谁来说会导致饮食失调，以及生理意识是否会影响这一途径。

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引用次数: 0

Gut microbiota mediates the protective effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on bipolar disorder: An intermediary Mendelian randomization study 肠道菌群介导SGLT-2抑制剂对双相情感障碍的保护作用：一项孟德尔随机研究。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115120

Yunchang Yang, Yunqin Sun, Yaofeng Wang

Background

Bipolar disorder (BD), with a global prevalence of approximately 1%, is characterized by mood swings and social impairment, and involves factors such as genetics, brain structure abnormalities, and gut-brain axis dysregulation

Objectives

The influence of SGLT-2 inhibitors and gut microbiota on BD remains unclear. We Investigate causal links between SGLT-2 inhibitors, gut microbiota, and BD risk using Mendelian randomization (MR). Identify mediating microbiota and elucidate connecting molecular pathways.

Methods

Two-sample MR utilized European GWAS data. Instrumental variables (p < 5 × 10⁻⁵ for microbiota/BD) were analyzed primarily via inverse-variance weighted regression, with sensitivity analyses. Mediation analysis assessed SGLT-2 effects via microbiota. Functional enrichment (GO/KEGG), gene expression (GSE5388), and PPI network analyses identified pathways and hub genes.

Results

SGLT-2 inhibitors showed a significant negative causal effect on BD risk (OR = 0.104, 95% CI: 0.048–0.228, p < 0.001), partially mediated by Clostridium sporosphaeroides abundance (proportion mediated = 4.1%; statistically significant at a nominal p-value threshold, though not after multiple testing correction. 368 of the 473 gut microbiota taxa showed evidence of a causal association with BD. Enrichment implicated calcium signaling (p < 0.001) and neuroactive ligand-receptor pathways. Differential expression identified dysregulated GANC (p = 0.048) in BD frontal cortices. PPI networks revealed hub genes (COQ2, PKM) involved in mitochondrial function and GPCR activity.

Conclusions

This study provides genetic evidence that SGLT-2 inhibitors may reduce BD risk, partly modulated by Clostridium sporosphaeroides. Identified pathways (e.g., calcium signaling) and dysregulated genes highlight mecolic-immune interplay in BD. Findings support evaluating SGLT-2 inhibitors and microbiota therapies in BD, though European-centric data requires broader validation.

背景：双相情感障碍（BD）全球患病率约为1%，以情绪波动和社交障碍为特征，涉及遗传、脑结构异常和肠-脑轴失调等因素。目的：SGLT-2抑制剂和肠道微生物群对BD的影响尚不清楚。我们使用孟德尔随机化（MR）研究SGLT-2抑制剂、肠道微生物群和BD风险之间的因果关系。鉴定介导微生物群并阐明连接的分子途径。方法：双样本磁共振利用欧洲GWAS数据。结果：SGLT-2抑制剂与BD风险呈显著负相关（OR = 0.104,95% CI: 0.048-0.228）。结论：本研究提供了遗传证据，表明SGLT-2抑制剂可能降低BD风险，部分由孢子孢梭菌调节。已确定的途径（如钙信号）和失调基因突出了双相障碍中的肠溶免疫相互作用。研究结果支持评估SGLT-2抑制剂和微生物群治疗双相障碍，尽管以欧洲为中心的数据需要更广泛的验证。

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引用次数: 0

Human chorionic gonadotropin inhibits locomotion but not food intake independently of the area postrema and the nucleus tractus solitarius in female mice 人绒毛膜促性腺激素抑制雌性小鼠运动，但不抑制独立于静息后区域和孤束核的食物摄入。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115151

Masami Anan , Katsura Kagawa , Yuko Okamatsu-Ogura , Soichiro Yamaguchi , Saori Yano-Nashimoto

The nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) affect many pregnant women’s quality of life, and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is suspected to be a factor in exacerbating NVP due to its synchronized elevation with NVP episodes and the receptor expression in the area postrema (AP) and the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), which are brain regions known to regulate nausea and vomiting. However, the correlation between hCG and NVP remains inconsistent in human epidemiological studies. To elucidate the causal relationship between hCG and NVP, we evaluated the effect of hCG in mice. We found that the hCG administration suppressed locomotion without affecting food intake in intact mice, which may reflect malaise observed in NVP. Similar effects were observed in ovariectomized females, indicating that the effect is independent of sex steroids released from the ovary. Furthermore, hCG did not increase the c-Fos expression in AP or NTS, and the lesion of AP and the intermediate dorsal part of NTS did not affect the hCG-induced hypoactivity. These results suggest that locomotion suppression by hCG is independent of AP and NTS. While species differences must be considered, this research provides valuable insights into the potential role of hCG in NVP.

妊娠期恶心呕吐（NVP）影响了许多孕妇的生活质量，其潜在机制尚不清楚。人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）被怀疑是加剧NVP的一个因素，因为它与NVP发作同步升高，并且在脑后区（AP）和孤束核（NTS）中受体表达，这是已知的调节恶心和呕吐的大脑区域。然而，在人类流行病学研究中，hCG与NVP之间的相关性仍不一致。为了阐明hCG与NVP之间的因果关系，我们在小鼠中评估了hCG的作用。我们发现hCG抑制了完整小鼠的运动而不影响食物摄入，这可能反映了NVP中观察到的不适。在切除卵巢的女性中也观察到类似的效果，表明这种效果与卵巢释放的性类固醇无关。此外，hCG没有增加AP和NTS中c-Fos的表达，AP和NTS中间背部的病变不影响hCG诱导的低活动性。这些结果表明hCG对运动的抑制与AP和NTS无关。虽然必须考虑物种差异，但本研究为hCG在NVP中的潜在作用提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of capsaicin and ketamine on the depression-like behaviors of animals subjected to the chronic unpredictable mild stress protocol 辣椒素和氯胺酮对慢性不可预测轻度应激动物抑郁样行为的协同作用。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115122

Irving S. Aguilar-Martínez , José L. Góngora-Alfaro , Ricardo A. Navarro-Polanco , Luis Castro-Sánchez , Eloy G. Moreno-Galindo , Javier Alamilla

A significant percentage of depression patients are resistant to pharmacological treatments, highlighting the need for novel antidepressant strategies. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, produces rapid antidepressant effects and is effective in treatment-resistant cases, but its association with cognitive and behavioral abnormalities resembling schizophrenia limits broader clinical utility. Capsaicin, a TRPV1 agonist, alone or combined with standard antidepressants, reduces immobility in the forced swim test (FST) in rodents. This study evaluated the effects of capsaicin and ketamine, isolated or combined treatments, in the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model using multiple behavioral tests. We found immediate (day 1) and sustained (day 6) synergistic effects of capsaicin and ketamine in the FST after CUMS. The sucrose preference test (SPT) was performed on similar schedule. None of the treatments increased SPT on the last day of CUMS; however, capsaicin, ketamine, and their combination significantly increased SPT on day 6 post-CUMS, though pharmacologically treated groups did not reach SPT values of non-CUMS rats. Capsaicin alone and in combination with ketamine produced anxiolytic-like effects in the elevated plus maze and marble-burying tests. Locomotor activity in the open field test was unaffected by treatments, but all CUMS-exposed groups showed higher activity than non-CUMS animals. The most effective doses of capsaicin or the combination improved body weight and reduced adrenal gland hypertrophy, yet not to non-CUMS levels. These findings indicate that capsaicin plus ketamine exhibits synergistic antidepressant-like effects in the FST, sustains partial SPT recovery post-CUMS, and exerts anxiolytic-like actions.

很大比例的抑郁症患者对药物治疗有抵抗力，这突出了对新型抗抑郁药物策略的需求。氯胺酮是一种NMDA受体拮抗剂，能产生快速的抗抑郁作用，对治疗难耐的病例有效，但它与类似精神分裂症的认知和行为异常的关联限制了更广泛的临床应用。辣椒素是一种TRPV1激动剂，单独使用或与标准抗抑郁药联合使用，可减少啮齿类动物强迫游泳试验（FST）中的不动。本研究通过多种行为测试评估辣椒素和氯胺酮单独或联合治疗在慢性不可预测轻度应激（CUMS）模型中的效果。我们发现辣椒素和氯胺酮在CUMS后的FST中立即（第1天）和持续（第6天）产生协同效应。蔗糖偏好试验（SPT）按相同的程序进行。在CUMS的最后一天，所有处理都没有增加SPT；然而，辣椒素、氯胺酮及其联合使用显著增加了cums后第6天的SPT，尽管药物治疗组未达到非cums大鼠的SPT值。辣椒素单用和氯胺酮联用在升高加迷宫和大理石掩埋试验中产生抗焦虑样作用。在野外试验中，运动活动不受治疗影响，但所有暴露于cums的组都比未暴露的动物表现出更高的活动。辣椒素的最有效剂量或组合改善体重和减少肾上腺肥大，但没有达到非cums水平。这些发现表明，辣椒素加氯胺酮在FST中表现出协同抗抑郁样作用，在cums后维持部分SPT恢复，并发挥抗焦虑样作用。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of high sugar intake on neurobehavioral, oxidative, and hepatic integrity in mice exposed to simulated chronic jetlag/shiftwork 高糖摄入对模拟慢性时差/倒班小鼠神经行为、氧化和肝脏完整性的影响

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115149

Madhumita Mishra , Rajesh Gupta , Vineetkumar Pillai, Muniyandi Singaravel

Circadian misalignment, frequently encountered in shiftwork and trans-meridian travel, disrupts the temporal coordination of physiological processes and increases susceptibility to metabolic, neurobehavioral, and inflammatory disorders. Concurrently, it has been established that high dietary intake of refined sugars poses additional risks to systemic homeostasis. This study investigates the interactive effects of prolonged circadian disruption and sustained high-sucrose intake on neurobehavioral outcomes, metabolic parameters, redox homeostasis, and hepatic integrity in adult male mice. Animals were maintained under either a stable 12 h light:12 h dark cycle or exposed to a 24-day protocol of alternating 8 h phase advances and delays that simulated chronic jetlag/shiftwork. Within each lighting condition, mice consumed either tap water or a 30 % sucrose solution, yielding four experimental groups. Behavioral assays revealed that combined exposure to circadian disruption and sucrose elicited pronounced anxiety-like phenotypes and significant increases in body weight and blood glucose levels. Histological and lipid-specific analyses revealed progressive hepatic steatosis, vacuolization, and lipid accumulation, with pathology most pronounced under combined circadian disruption and sucrose intake. Biochemical analyses showed reduced antioxidant enzyme activities, elevated blood glucose and triglyceride levels, and increased hepatic enzymes, indicating oxidative stress, metabolic disruption, and liver dysfunction. Notably, chronic jetlag alone impaired neurobehavior, redox balance, and liver health, while high sugar intake further amplified these effects. These findings underscore the translational significance of addressing both circadian disruption and dietary excess to mitigate metabolic and psychological risks in individuals exposed to irregular light schedules and high-sugar diets.

在倒班和经络旅行中经常遇到的昼夜节律失调，破坏了生理过程的时间协调，增加了对代谢、神经行为和炎症疾病的易感性。同时，已经确定高精制糖的饮食摄入会对系统稳态造成额外的风险。本研究探讨了长时间的昼夜节律中断和持续高糖摄入对成年雄性小鼠的神经行为结果、代谢参数、氧化还原稳态和肝脏完整性的相互作用。动物们要么处于稳定的12小时光照：12小时黑暗周期中，要么处于模拟慢性时差/倒班的8小时交替交替的24天方案中。在每种光照条件下，小鼠要么喝自来水，要么喝30%的蔗糖溶液，共分为四个实验组。行为分析显示，同时暴露于昼夜节律紊乱和蔗糖会引起明显的焦虑样表型，体重和血糖水平显著增加。组织学和脂质特异性分析显示进行性肝脏脂肪变性、空泡化和脂质积累，在昼夜节律紊乱和蔗糖摄入的联合作用下，病理表现最为明显。生化分析显示抗氧化酶活性降低，血糖和甘油三酯水平升高，肝酶升高，表明氧化应激、代谢紊乱和肝功能障碍。值得注意的是，慢性时差本身就会损害神经行为、氧化还原平衡和肝脏健康，而高糖摄入进一步放大了这些影响。这些发现强调了解决昼夜节律紊乱和饮食过量问题，以减轻暴露于不规则光照时间表和高糖饮食的个体的代谢和心理风险的转化意义。

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引用次数: 0

Cortisol awakening response and autobiographical memory in healthy older adults: The moderating role of negative reminiscence 健康老年人皮质醇觉醒反应与自传体记忆：负性回忆的调节作用。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115143

Pablo Rivas-Diaz , Teresa Montoliu , Vanesa Hidalgo , Alicia Salvador

The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis’s response to stress, with cortisol as a key hormone, has an important impact on cognitive function. Specifically, the Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR), an index of HPA axis functioning, has been linked to declarative memory performance. Autobiographical Memory (AM), a specific form of declarative memory, becomes especially relevant in aging due to its relationship with identity, emotional regulation, and cognitive functioning. However, engaging with the autobiographical past can become maladaptive when it is dominated by negative, self-critical reflections, a pattern referred to as negative reminiscence. This study aimed to examine whether the CAR and negative reminiscence independently predict the specificity of personal memories in healthy older adults, and whether their interaction further explains variability in AM specificity. A sample of 150 healthy older adults (aged 56–81) provided eight saliva samples over two consecutive days to assess the CAR, and they completed standardized measures of AM and reminiscence. Our results showed no significant direct associations between the CAR or negative reminiscence and AM specificity. However, moderation analyses revealed that the CAR significantly predicted a greater tendency to retrieve overgeneral memories, that is, less specific autobiographical memories, but only among individuals with higher negative reminiscence. These results suggest that the way individuals relate to their past plays a key role in the impact of physiological stress on autobiographical recall. The findings underscore the importance of considering both biological and emotional factors to better understand AM in aging.

下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴对压力的反应，以皮质醇为关键激素，对认知功能有重要影响。具体来说，皮质醇唤醒反应（CAR），一个下丘脑轴功能的指标，与陈述性记忆的表现有关。自传体记忆（AM）是陈述性记忆的一种特殊形式，由于其与身份、情绪调节和认知功能的关系，在衰老过程中变得尤为重要。然而，当自传式的过去被消极的、自我批评的反思所主导时，这种模式被称为消极回忆，参与其中就会变得不适应。本研究旨在检验CAR和负记忆是否独立预测健康老年人个人记忆的特异性，以及它们的相互作用是否进一步解释AM特异性的变异性。150名健康老年人（56-81岁）连续两天提供8份唾液样本来评估CAR，他们完成了AM和回忆的标准化测量。我们的研究结果显示，CAR或阴性记忆与AM特异性之间没有显著的直接关联。然而，适度分析显示，CAR显著地预测了更大的倾向于检索过度记忆，即较少具体的自传式记忆，但仅在具有较高负面记忆的个体中。这些结果表明，个体与过去的联系方式在生理压力对自传式回忆的影响中起着关键作用。研究结果强调了考虑生物和情感因素以更好地了解AM在衰老中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Corticosterone shortens foreign egg ejection distance but not latency in American robins (Turdus migratorius) 皮质酮缩短了美洲罗宾斯（Turdus migratorius）的外卵射出距离，但没有缩短潜伏期。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115148

Abbigail M. Turner , Victoria N. Sluis , Michael P. Ward , Mark E. Hauber

Obligate brood parasitic birds often face the removal of their eggs by rejector hosts; for example, in North America, American robins (Turdus migratorius) are robust egg rejectors of non-mimetic brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater) eggs. Recent studies have investigated the role of various hormones during the anti-parasitic egg-rejection process. Corticosterone, a steroid hormone often released in response to environmental stressors, has previously been found to increase the propensity for female American robins to reject non-mimetic model eggs. To better understand how corticosterone affects other behaviors during the egg-ejection behavioral complex (e.g., the distance the egg is taken from the nest, the latency of rejection decision), we combined two previously used techniques for (i) non-invasive corticosterone delivery and (ii) spatio-temporal tracking of rejected model eggs in wild female American robins. All subjects rejected the non-mimetic model eggs from their clutch, and through a repeated-measures design, we found that the same female robin reduced her egg-ejection distance in the corticosterone treatment relative to the control. In turn, we did not find a treatment effect for ejection latency, perhaps because all but one female already rejected the model egg rapidly (within one hour). Future work should examine whether other known endocrine mediators of egg rejection, including prolactin, similarly affect aspects of egg rejection behavior in this and other hosts of obligate avian brood parasites.

专性繁殖的寄生鸟类经常面临被拒绝的宿主移除它们的卵；例如，在北美，美洲知更鸟（Turdus migratorius）对非拟类褐头牛鹂（Molothrus ater）的蛋有很强的拒卵能力。最近的研究调查了各种激素在抗寄生卵排斥过程中的作用。皮质酮是一种类固醇激素，通常是在对环境压力做出反应时释放出来的，此前已经发现，皮质酮会增加雌性美洲知更鸟拒绝非拟态模型卵的倾向。为了更好地了解皮质酮如何影响卵子射出行为复杂过程中的其他行为（例如，卵子从巢中取出的距离，拒绝决定的潜伏期），我们结合了两种先前使用的技术：(i)非侵入性皮质酮递送和（ii）在野生雌性美洲知更鸟中对被拒绝的模型卵进行时空跟踪。所有的实验对象都拒绝了非模拟的模型卵，通过重复测量设计，我们发现同一只雌性知更鸟在皮质酮治疗中相对于对照组减少了她的射卵距离。反过来，我们没有发现治疗射精潜伏期的效果，可能是因为除了一只雌性外，所有雌性都已经迅速（在一小时内）排斥了模型卵。未来的工作应该研究其他已知的排斥卵子的内分泌介质，包括催乳素，是否同样影响这种和其他专性禽类寄生虫宿主的排斥卵子行为。

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引用次数: 0

Obesity suppresses hippocampal neurogenesis and impairs memory and executive function in a weight and sex-specific manner 肥胖以体重和性别特异性的方式抑制海马神经发生并损害记忆和执行功能。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115141

Yasamin Baghdadchi , Carl White , Eugene Dimitrov

There is a well-established link between a high-fat diet (HFD) as a cause of obesity, which, in addition to metabolic and cardiovascular pathology, is also associated with memory loss and cognitive decline. We investigated the conditional relationship between HFD, body weight, cognitive performance and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in male and female mice. The mice receiving HFD for three months were heavier and exhibited impaired long-term memory and diminished problem-solving ability in comparison to the groups on standard chow diet (SD). The severity of the cognitive impairment was dependent on their weight as shown by regressive analysis of the data. However, the HFD and increased body weight negatively affected the short-term spatial memory, a hippocampus-dependent task, only in male but not in female mice. Next, we compared the expression of Ki67 and DCX as markers for adult neurogenesis in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the dorsal hippocampus of mice on SD and HFD. The HFD reduced the densities of Ki67- and DCX-labeled cells only in male but not in the female mice.

These results revealed that the cognitive impairment triggered by HFD was proportionate to the weight of the mice. However, the female mice preserved the rate of adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and their cognitive functions in hippocampus-dependent tasks despite being susceptible to the deleterious effects of HFD in other cognitive domains.

高脂肪饮食（HFD）是导致肥胖的原因，除了代谢和心血管疾病外，还与记忆力丧失和认知能力下降有关，这两者之间存在着明确的联系。我们研究了雄性和雌性小鼠HFD、体重、认知能力与成年海马神经发生之间的条件关系。与标准饮食组（SD）相比，接受HFD三个月的小鼠体重更重，表现出长期记忆受损和解决问题的能力下降。数据的回归分析显示，认知障碍的严重程度取决于他们的体重。然而，HFD和体重增加对短期空间记忆（一种海马体依赖性任务）有负向影响，仅在雄性小鼠中存在，而在雌性小鼠中没有。接下来，我们比较了Ki67和DCX作为成年神经发生标志物在SD和HFD小鼠海马背侧齿状回亚颗粒区的表达。HFD仅在雄性小鼠中降低Ki67和dcx标记细胞的密度，而在雌性小鼠中没有。这些结果表明，HFD引起的认知障碍与小鼠的体重成正比。然而，雌性小鼠保留了齿状回的成年神经发生率和海马依赖性任务的认知功能，尽管在其他认知领域容易受到HFD的有害影响。

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引用次数: 0

Metabolic changes explain how training mitigates the reduction in strength caused by sleep restriction 代谢变化解释了训练如何减轻睡眠不足引起的力量下降。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115124

Paulo DRS Nosé , Lila M Oyama , Gustavo Gomes de Araujo , Natalia de Almeida Rodrigues , Filipe Antonio de Barros Sousa , Sergio Tufik , Ronaldo V Thomatieli-Santos

Sleep is crucial for maintaining physiological and cognitive functions, including athletic performance; yet, nearly half of adults in Western countries experience sleep restriction. While human studies demonstrate that sleep restriction impairs strength and power performance, the underlying metabolic mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the impact of acute sleep restriction on strength performance and metabolic profiles in trained rats using untargeted metabolomics, a robust approach for identifying global biochemical changes. Twenty young adult Wistar rats were divided into two groups: Trained Control (TC) and Trained Sleep Restriction (TSR). All animals performed an initial Maximal Strength Test (MST) and were then trained for six weeks. On the day after the last training session, the animals were subjected to six hours of sleep restriction. At the end of the sleep restriction, the animals were subjected to the MST again and euthanized for blood collection and GC–MS metabolomics analysis. While both groups showed increased strength after training, the sleep-restricted group (TSR) exhibited reduced strength compared to controls (TC) by week 6 (p < 0.001), despite similar muscle glycogen levels. GC–MS Metabolomic Analysis revealed a pattern in the TSR group, characterized by lower concentrations of alanine, glutamine, serine, glycine, lysine, methionine, threonine, ornithine, tyrosine, norvaline, oleic acid, uric acid, and creatinine, as well as increased concentrations of phenylalanine and valine. In conclusion, acute sleep restriction reduced strength performance in trained rats by shifting metabolism away from efficient oxidative pathways, marked by decreased amino acid support for the Krebs cycle and neuromuscular homeostasis, rather than by changes in glycogen availability.

睡眠对维持生理和认知功能至关重要，包括运动表现；然而，西方国家近一半的成年人都有睡眠不足的问题。虽然人体研究表明，睡眠限制会损害力量和力量表现，但潜在的代谢机制仍然知之甚少。本研究旨在利用非靶向代谢组学来表征急性睡眠限制对训练大鼠力量表现和代谢谱的影响，这是一种识别全球生化变化的有效方法。将20只成年Wistar大鼠分为两组：训练对照组（TC）和训练睡眠限制组（TSR）。所有动物都进行了最初的最大力量测试（MST），然后进行了六周的训练。在最后一次训练后的第二天，这些动物被限制了6小时的睡眠。在睡眠限制结束时，动物再次接受MST并安乐死，进行采血和GC-MS代谢组学分析。虽然两组在训练后都表现出力量增加，但睡眠限制组（TSR）在第6周时表现出与对照组（TC）相比力量减少（p < 0.001），尽管肌糖原水平相似。GC-MS代谢组学分析显示，TSR组的特点是丙氨酸、谷氨酰胺、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸、鸟氨酸、酪氨酸、正缬氨酸、油酸、尿酸和肌酐浓度较低，苯丙氨酸和缬氨酸浓度升高。综上所述，急性睡眠限制降低了训练大鼠的力量表现，其原因是代谢偏离了有效的氧化途径，其特征是支持克雷布斯循环和神经肌肉稳态的氨基酸减少，而不是糖原可用性的变化。

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Chronic adolescent alcohol exposure induces long-term neurofunctional and metabolic dysregulation in adult rats 慢性青少年酒精暴露诱导成年大鼠长期神经功能和代谢失调。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115133

Hui Yang , Zhu Gui , Yunling Gao , Wenxiang Yu , Dexin Dang , Ning Zheng , Shaoyong Xu , Jie Wang

Adolescent chronic drinking has become increasingly prevalent worldwide, imposing significant physical and mental burdens in adulthood. However, the specific effects of different alcohol doses during adolescence on adult physiology remain incompletely understood. In this study, we established a 12-day chronic alcohol exposure model in adolescent rats using different alcohol doses. Behavioral tests, ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were then used to examine behavior, neurotransmitter metabolism, and brain functional connectivity in adulthood. We found that long-term low-dose alcohol exposure impairs hepatic metabolic function. In contrast, high-dose alcohol exposure not only induces hepatic metabolic disorders but also alters brain functional connectivity in adulthood and leads to anxiety-like behaviors.

青少年长期饮酒在世界范围内日益普遍，给成年后的身体和精神造成严重负担。然而，青少年时期不同酒精剂量对成人生理的具体影响仍不完全清楚。在这项研究中，我们建立了一个12天的青春期大鼠慢性酒精暴露模型，使用不同的酒精剂量。然后使用行为测试、13C核磁共振波谱和静息状态功能磁共振成像来检查成年期的行为、神经递质代谢和脑功能连通性。我们发现长期低剂量酒精暴露会损害肝脏代谢功能。相比之下，高剂量酒精暴露不仅会导致肝脏代谢紊乱，还会改变成年后的大脑功能连接，并导致类似焦虑的行为。

引用次数: 0