Physiology & Behavior最新文献_第5页

Sexual activity before exercise influences physiological response and sports performance in high-level trained men athletes 运动前性行为影响高水平男性运动员的生理反应和运动表现。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115203

Diego Fernández-Lázaro , Manuel Garrosa , Gema Santamaría , Enrique Roche , José María Izquierdo , Jesús Seco-Calvo , Juan Mielgo-Ayuso

Background

The influence of sexual activity prior to exercise on athletic performance remains controversial. While pre-competition abstinence is commonly advised, scientific evidence on its physiological impact is limited and inconsistent.

Methods

A randomized crossover study was conducted in 21 well-trained male athletes (age 22 ± 1 y) to compare the acute effects of masturbation-induced orgasm versus sexual abstinence performed 30 min before testing. Each participant completed an incremental cycling test and an isometric handgrip strength test under both conditions. Blood samples were analyzed for muscle damage (CK, LDH, Mb), inflammatory (CRP, IL-6), and hormonal (testosterone, cortisol, LH) markers.

Results

Compared with abstinence, the post-masturbation condition resulted in a longer exercise duration (+3.2%, p< 0.01) and higher heart rate (p< 0.001), accompanied by a small increase in mean handgrip strength (p< 0.05). Lower plasma LDH levels (p< 0.001) indicated reduced muscle stress. Testosterone and cortisol concentrations were significantly higher (both p< 0.001), whereas inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6) showed no significant change.

Conclusions

Masturbation 30 min before exercise elicited mild sympathetic and hormonal activation without detrimental effects on performance or muscle damage. These findings suggest that pre-exercise sexual activity does not impair athletic capacity in trained men, challenging the long-standing myth of mandatory abstinence before competition.

背景：运动前性行为对运动成绩的影响仍有争议。虽然赛前禁欲通常被建议，但其生理影响的科学证据有限且不一致。方法：对21名训练有素的男性运动员（22±1岁）进行随机交叉研究，比较在测试前30分钟进行自慰性高潮和性禁欲的急性效果。在两种情况下，每个参与者都完成了增量循环测试和等长握力测试。分析血液样本的肌肉损伤（CK、LDH、Mb）、炎症（CRP、IL-6）和激素（睾酮、皮质醇、LH）标志物。结果：与禁欲相比，自慰后运动时间延长（+3.2%,p < 0.01），心率提高（p < 0.001），平均握力略有增加（p < 0.05）。较低的血浆LDH水平（p < 0.001）表明肌肉应激减轻。睾酮和皮质醇浓度显著升高（均p < 0.001），而炎症标志物（CRP, IL-6）无显著变化。结论：运动前30分钟手淫引起轻度交感神经和激素激活，但对运动表现或肌肉损伤没有不利影响。这些发现表明，运动前的性行为不会损害受过训练的男性的运动能力，挑战了长期以来关于比赛前强制禁欲的神话。

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引用次数: 0

Preliminary exploration of the role and mechanism of BAIAP2 in learning and memory impairment in ADHD BAIAP2在ADHD学习记忆障碍中的作用及机制初探

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115202

Tian Tian , Yang Wang , Xu Xu , Jing Li , Jingbo Feng , Youfang Hu , Jirong Qi

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder affecting children, presents with core symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, along with frequent comorbid learning and memory dysfunction. Emerging evidence implicates hippocampal dysfunction in ADHD-related learning and memory deficits, with brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2 (BAIAP2) emerging as a critical molecular player. While BAIAP2 has been independently associated with synaptic plasticity and ADHD pathogenesis, its specific role in ADHD-associated learning and memory impairment remains unexplored.

Using spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), we demonstrated significantly reduced hippocampal BAIAP2 expression compared to controls. Notably, methylphenidate (MPH) treatment increased BAIAP2 levels, while targeted BAIAP2 overexpression rescued learning and memory deficits, as evidenced by Morris water maze (MWM) performance. Furthermore, we preliminarily explored the possible regulatory interactions between BAIAP2 and the long non-coding RNA lncNONRATT002035.2.

These findings establish BAIAP2 as a pivotal mediator of hippocampal-dependent learning and memory dysfunction in ADHD and uncovered new aspects of disease pathology and potential targets for therapy.The newly discovered lncNONRATT002035.2-BAIAP2 axis warrants further investigation to elucidate its pathophysiological significance.

注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种影响儿童的高度普遍的神经发育障碍，其核心症状为注意力不集中、多动和冲动，并伴有常见的学习和记忆功能障碍。新出现的证据表明，海马功能障碍与多动症相关的学习和记忆缺陷有关，而BAIAP2（脑特异性血管生成抑制剂1-相关蛋白2）是一个关键的分子参与者。虽然BAIAP2与突触可塑性和ADHD发病机制独立相关，但其在ADHD相关的学习和记忆障碍中的具体作用尚不清楚。使用自发性高血压大鼠（SHR），我们发现与对照组相比，海马BAIAP2表达显著降低。值得注意的是，哌醋甲酯（MPH）处理增加了BAIAP2水平，而靶向BAIAP2过表达可改善学习和记忆缺陷，莫里斯水迷宫（MWZ）的表现证明了这一点。此外，我们初步探索了BAIAP2与长链非编码RNA lnnonratt002035.2之间可能的调控相互作用。这些发现证实了BAIAP2是ADHD患者海马体依赖性学习和记忆功能障碍的关键介质，并揭示了疾病病理和潜在治疗靶点的新方面。新发现的lnnonratt002035.2 - baiap2轴值得进一步研究以阐明其病理生理意义。

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引用次数: 0

An energy-efficient cognitive strategy? Neurophysiological dynamics of “slow but steady” attention in high-altitude Tibetans 节能认知策略？

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115204

Xiao-Yan Huang , Nian-Nian Wang , Jing Zhou , Rui Su , Hao Li , Hai-Lin Ma , Ming Liu , De-Long Zhang

Indigenous Tibetans have developed documented physiological and neuroanatomical adaptations to high-altitude environments. However, the functional dynamics of their cognitive processing at such altitudes remain poorly characterized. To address this gap, we employed a visual search paradigm with high-temporal-resolution electroencephalography (EEG) to examine stimulus-driven attention (SDA) and goal-directed attention (GDA) in high-altitude Tibetans, with sea-level Han participants as a comparison group. Tibetans exhibited a “slow but steady” attentional pattern: despite longer reaction times (RTs), accuracy remained high (>95 %) and was comparable to that of Han controls in both attention types. This behavioral pattern in the Tibetan group was accompanied by distinctive late‑stage neural dynamics, reflected by smaller late positive potential (LPP) and late posterior negativity (LPN) and by lower theta‑band (4 - 10 Hz) event-related synchronization (ERS) during SDA, as well as smaller LPP during GDA. Source localization of the effects observed in these event-related potential (ERP) components and theta‑band ERS indicated predominant involvement of posterior midline and control-related regions in Han participants, whereas Tibetans showed greater engagement of motor‑related regions. These findings likely reflect an energy-efficient cognitive strategy for high-altitude adaptation. This study refines understanding of cognitive plasticity in extreme environments and provides electrophysiological foundations to inform interventions for high-altitude populations.

然而，在这样的高度，他们的认知加工的功能动态仍然缺乏特征。这些发现可能反映了高海拔适应的节能认知策略。该研究完善了对极端环境下认知可塑性的理解，并为高海拔人群的干预提供了电生理学基础。

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引用次数: 0

The combination of physical activity and late-time-restricted eating improves eating behavior, cognitive performance and cardiovascular parameters in women living with excess body weight 体育锻炼和晚进食限制相结合可以改善超重女性的饮食行为、认知能力和心血管参数。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115200

Sarra Miladi , Omar Hammouda , Samar J. Miladi Trabelsi , Sirine C. Miladi , Ranya Ameur , Tarak Driss

To evaluate the combined effect of physical activity (PA) and time-restricted eating (TRE) at different times of day (early (ETRE) versus late (LTRE) TRE) on eating behavior, cognitive performance, and cardiovascular parameters in women living with overweight or obesity.

Sixty one women were randomized into four groups: ETRE combined with PA (ETRE-PA, n = 15, 31.8 ± 10.76 years, 89.68 ± 13.40 kg, 33.5 ± 5.53 kg/m²), LTRE combined with PA (LTRE-PA, n = 15, 30.60 ± 7.94 years, 94.45 ± 15.36 kg, 34.37 ± 7.09 kg/m²), LTRE alone (LTRE, n = 15, 27.93 ± 9.79 years, 88.32 ± 10.36 kg, 32.71 ± 5.15 kg/m²) and a control group (CG, n = 16, 36.25 ± 11.52 years, 89.01 ± 11.68 kg, 33.66 ± 6.18 kg/m²).

In the post-intervention assessment (T1), ETRE-PA showed a significant reduction in eating disorder global scores compared with LTRE (p = 0.01) and CG (p < 0.0005). In addition, ETRE-PA demonstrated greater vigilance performance compared with LTRE-PA (p = 0.003), LTRE (p < 0.0005), and CG (p < 0.0005) in T1. Both ETRE-PA and LTRE-PA enhanced global cognition compared with LTRE and CG (p < 0.0005) in T1.

For cardiometabolic outcomes, ETRE-PA improved oxygen saturation compared with LTRE (p = 0.005) and CG (p = 0.03). Resting heart rate was reduced in both ETRE-PA and LTRE-PA compared with LTRE (p = 0.009 and p = 0.03, respectively).

Combining ETRE with PA produced greater improvements in eating behavior, cognitive function, oxygen saturation, and cardiometabolic health than LTRE-PA, LTRE, or CG. These findings highlight the importance of aligning dietary timing with exercise to optimize health outcomes in women living with excess body weight.

评估一天中不同时间(早（早）和晚（晚（晚））的身体活动（PA）和限时饮食（TRE）对超重或肥胖女性饮食行为、认知表现和心血管参数的综合影响。61名妇女随机分为4组：ETRE联合PA组（ETRE-PA, n=15、31.8±10.76年、89.68±13.40 kg、33.5±5.53 kg/m²）、LTRE联合PA组（ETRE-PA, n=15、30.60±7.94年、94.45±15.36 kg、34.37±7.09 kg/m²）、LTRE单独组（LTRE, n=15、27.93±9.79年、88.32±10.36 kg、32.71±5.15 kg/m²）和对照组（CG, n=16、36.25±11.52年、89.01±11.68 kg、33.66±6.18 kg/m²）。在干预后评估（T1）中，与LTRE （p=0.01）和CG （p=0.01）相比，etr - pa在饮食失调总体评分方面显著降低（p=0.01）

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引用次数: 0

Transgenerational effects of sleep deprivation: Behavioral and epigenetic implications for maternal and offspring health 睡眠剥夺的跨代影响：对母亲和后代健康的行为和表观遗传影响。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115199

Harsha Satyapal , Nitu Wankhede , Akanksha Yadav , Sandip Rahangdale , Manish Aglawe , Brijesh Taksande , Samhith Koppula , Milind Umekar , Mayur Kale

Chronic sleep deprivation (CSD), particularly during pregnancy, profoundly impacts maternal and offspring health, driving cognitive, emotional, and physiological disturbances across generations. This review explores the behavioral, neurobiological, and epigenetic consequences of maternal sleep deprivation (MSD), highlighting its mechanisms and transgenerational effects. SD disrupts maternal hormonal balance, elevates stress responses, and compromises neurogenesis, leading to altered maternal behaviors and poor offspring outcomes. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, mediate the transference of SD effects, amplifying risks of anxiety, depression, and cognitive deficits in offspring. These changes impair hippocampal plasticity and immune regulation, exacerbating neuroinflammation and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation. Male offspring show heightened sensitivity to metabolic and neurodevelopmental disruptions, indicating a gender-specific vulnerability. Therapeutic strategies such as melatonin supplementation, enriched environments, and nonpharmacological interventions like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) demonstrate potential in mitigating these effects. Promoting maternal sleep hygiene and addressing socioeconomic disparities further protect against adverse outcomes. Emerging evidence underscores the importance of maternal health and lifestyle, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions during pregnancy. Future research should prioritize longitudinal studies to elucidate the mechanisms linking maternal SD to offspring neurodevelopment, evaluate preventive strategies, and address existing gaps in understanding transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. Enhancing maternal well-being through integrated care approaches is essential to improving long-term health outcomes for mothers and their children.

慢性睡眠剥夺（CSD），特别是在怀孕期间，严重影响母亲和后代的健康，导致几代人的认知、情绪和生理障碍。这篇综述探讨了母亲睡眠剥夺（MSD）的行为、神经生物学和表观遗传学后果，重点介绍了其机制和跨代影响。SD会破坏母体的荷尔蒙平衡，提高应激反应，损害神经发生，导致母体行为改变和后代预后不良。表观遗传机制，包括DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰，介导SD效应的转移，增加后代焦虑、抑郁和认知缺陷的风险。这些变化损害海马可塑性和免疫调节，加剧神经炎症和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴失调。雄性后代对代谢和神经发育中断表现出更高的敏感性，表明性别特有的脆弱性。治疗策略，如褪黑激素补充，丰富的环境，和非药物干预，如认知行为疗法（CBT）显示出减轻这些影响的潜力。促进产妇睡眠卫生和解决社会经济差异，可进一步防止不良后果。新出现的证据强调了孕产妇保健和生活方式的重要性，强调需要在怀孕期间采取有针对性的干预措施。未来的研究应优先考虑纵向研究，以阐明母亲SD与后代神经发育的联系机制，评估预防策略，并解决跨代表观遗传理解方面的现有空白。通过综合护理方法提高孕产妇福祉，对于改善母亲及其子女的长期健康结果至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of an acute bout of exercise on implicit sensorimotor adaptation 急性运动对内隐感觉运动适应的影响。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115192

Zivar Beyraghi , Ludovic Arsenault-Lévesque , Jordan Desrosiers , Jean-François Lepage , Pierre-Michel Bernier

Recent studies have found that aerobic exercise improves sensorimotor adaptation. For instance, adaptation to an abruptly-presented 45° visuomotor rotation is improved if preceded by an acute bout of exercise. Still, it is known that adaptation is driven both by an explicit (cognitive) process as well as an implicit process. Given that exercise is known to benefit cognitive function, it remains an open question whether exercise selectively improves implicit adaptation. Here we tested this hypothesis, using a paradigm known to isolate implicit adaptation. In a within-participant design, participants (n = 26) had to reach toward a target, while being pseudo randomly exposed to CW or CCW 30° visuomotor rotations. Implicit adaptation was assessed by the involuntary bias in hand direction that follows a rotated trial, called post rotation bias (PRB). On separate days, participants performed 180 trials before (PRE) and after (POST) a period of exercise, or a period of rest. The exercise bout consisted of 20 min of moderate intensity cycling, which has previously been shown to benefit performance in cognitive and adaptation tasks. Results revealed robust PRBs in both conditions and phases, but critically there was an interaction: the magnitude of PRBs was significantly attenuated following rest, but not following exercise. Further analyses revealed that movements were produced significantly faster following exercise, confirming that exercise impacted motor vigor. By showing that an acute bout of exercise prevents the attenuation of implicit adaptation that is observed following rest, these results indirectly suggest that exercise has a positive effect on implicit adaptation.

最近的研究发现，有氧运动可以改善感觉运动适应。例如，如果在剧烈运动之前，对突然出现的45°视觉运动旋转的适应会得到改善。然而，众所周知，适应是由外显（认知）过程和内隐过程驱动的。鉴于已知运动有益于认知功能，运动是否选择性地改善内隐适应仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。在这里，我们测试了这一假设，使用一个已知的范例来隔离内隐适应。在参与者内设计中，参与者（n=26）必须达到目标，同时伪随机暴露于CW或CCW 30°视觉运动旋转。内隐适应是通过手方向的非自愿偏向来评估的，该偏向遵循旋转试验，称为旋转后偏向（PRB）。在不同的日子里，参与者在一段时间的运动或休息之前（PRE）和之后（POST）进行了180次试验。这项运动包括20分钟的中等强度的自行车运动，这在之前的研究中被证明有利于认知和适应任务的表现。结果显示，在两个条件和阶段中，PRBs都很强健，但关键是存在相互作用：PRBs的强度在休息后显着减弱，而在运动后则没有。进一步的分析显示，运动后运动速度明显加快，证实了运动对运动活力的影响。通过表明剧烈运动可以防止休息后观察到的内隐适应的衰减，这些结果间接表明运动对内隐适应有积极作用。

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引用次数: 0

Gut microbiota’s causal effect on physical activity: Insights from two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis 肠道菌群对身体活动的因果影响：来自双样本孟德尔随机化分析的见解。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115190

Deyu Meng , Shichun He , Meiqi Wei , Zongnan Lv , Guang Yang , Ziheng Wang

Introduction:

Gut microbiota has been implicated in influencing various health-related behaviors, including physical activity. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and physical activity in individuals of European ancestry.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using genome-wide association data from the MiBioGen consortium and the UK Biobank. Numerous gut microbiome taxa were assessed for their causal effect on physical activity measures, including moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, vigorous physical activity, accelerometer-based average acceleration, and higher acceleration levels. Sensitivity analyses evaluated heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and potential reverse causation.

Results:

The analysis identified significant causal links between specific gut microbiome genera and physical activity levels. Key taxa were associated with physiological conditions conducive to exercise and behavior related to physical exertion. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings, with minimal evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy, and reverse causality was largely excluded.

Conclusion:

Gut microbiota may play a causal role in influencing physical activity levels, offering potential for microbiome-targeted interventions to promote physical health.

肠道菌群与多种与健康相关的行为有关，包括身体活动。本研究旨在探讨欧洲血统个体肠道微生物群与身体活动之间的因果关系。材料和方法：我们使用来自MiBioGen联盟和UK Biobank的全基因组关联数据进行了双样本孟德尔随机化分析。研究人员评估了许多肠道微生物群对身体活动测量的因果影响，包括中度至剧烈的身体活动、剧烈的身体活动、基于加速度计的平均加速度和更高的加速度水平。敏感性分析评估异质性、多效性和潜在的反向因果关系。结果：分析确定了特定肠道微生物群属与身体活动水平之间的显著因果关系。关键类群与有利于运动的生理条件和与体力消耗相关的行为有关。敏感性分析证实了这些发现的稳健性，几乎没有证据表明存在异质性或多效性，反向因果关系在很大程度上被排除。结论：肠道微生物群可能在影响身体活动水平方面发挥因果作用，为微生物群靶向干预提供了促进身体健康的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

The interplay of social isolation, sex, and hyperalgesic priming on behavior and hormone levels in a mouse model 社会隔离、性别和痛觉过敏启动对小鼠行为和激素水平的相互作用。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115191

Daniela Baptista-de-Souza , Melissa Késsia Cavalcante Oliveira , Ana Claudia Braga-Dias , Silvia Jimena Cardenas Otero , Natália Urel Carneiro , Julian Humberto Avalo-Zuluaga , Lucas Canto-de-Souza , Carlos C. Crestani , Ricardo Luiz Nunes-de-Souza

Chronic pain profoundly impacts mental health, and the social environment significantly modulates pain perception and emotional states. Recognizing the influence of biological sex on pain modulation, basic pain research increasingly investigates sex differences. The hyperalgesic priming protocol effectively models the neuroplastic mechanisms underlying the transition from acute to chronic pain in male and female rodents. Furthermore, accumulating evidence implicates specific hormones, including oxytocin, vasopressin, and corticosterone, in the pathophysiology of pain. This study aimed to determine the interactive influence of sex and social isolation on pain-related behaviors and plasma levels of oxytocin, vasopressin, and corticosterone in mice subjected to hyperalgesic priming. Two experiments were conducted using adult male and female mice (60–63 postnatal days). Experiment 1 assessed mechanical hypersensitivity, facial expression, and anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. In Experiment 2, following a period of social isolation, mice were euthanized, and blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture for plasma hormone analysis. Our results revealed that social isolation impaired recovery from mechanical hypersensitivity and increased facial expressions of pain, specifically in female mice. Independent of sex and hyperalgesic priming, isolation produced heightened anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. Hormonal analyses demonstrated sex-specific effects of isolation. Plasma oxytocin levels decreased upon isolation in both male and female mice. Curiously, primed isolated males showed a recovery of oxytocin levels similar to naïve mice, whereas primed isolated females maintained significantly lower oxytocin levels. Social isolation, coupled with hyperalgesic priming, also decreased vasopressin levels in females. While males displayed higher baseline vasopressin levels, isolation and/or hyperalgesic priming led to a reduction in their plasma vasopressin compared to naïve groups. Curiously, social isolation decreased of corticosterone levels in both males and females. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that social isolation differentially modulates behavioral and hormonal responses to hyperalgesic priming in a sex-dependent manner, highlighting the complex interplay between social environment, sex, and pain chronification.

慢性疼痛深刻影响心理健康，社会环境显著调节疼痛感知和情绪状态。认识到生理性别对疼痛调节的影响，基础疼痛研究越来越多地研究性别差异。超痛觉启动协议有效地模拟了从急性到慢性疼痛的雄性和雌性啮齿动物的神经可塑性机制。此外，越来越多的证据表明，特定的激素，包括催产素、加压素和皮质酮，在疼痛的病理生理中起作用。本研究旨在确定性别和社会隔离对痛觉刺激小鼠疼痛相关行为和血浆中催产素、抗利尿激素和皮质酮水平的相互影响。用成年雄性和雌性小鼠（出生后60-63天）进行了两项实验。实验1评估了机械过敏、面部表情以及焦虑和抑郁样行为。在实验2中，经过一段时间的社会隔离后，对小鼠实施安乐死，并通过心脏穿刺采集血液样本进行血浆激素分析。我们的研究结果表明，社会隔离损害了机械超敏反应的恢复，并增加了疼痛的面部表情，特别是在雌性小鼠中。与性和痛觉过敏启动无关，孤立会产生高度的焦虑和抑郁样行为。激素分析证实了隔离对性别的影响。分离后，雄性和雌性小鼠的血浆催产素水平均下降。奇怪的是，被隔离的雄性小鼠的催产素水平恢复得与naïve小鼠相似，而被隔离的雌性小鼠的催产素水平则明显较低。社会孤立，加上痛觉过敏启动，也降低了女性的抗利尿激素水平。与naïve组相比，虽然男性显示出更高的基线抗利尿激素水平，但隔离和/或痛觉过敏引发导致血浆抗利尿激素降低。奇怪的是，社会隔离降低了男性和女性的皮质酮水平。总之，我们的研究结果表明，社会隔离以性别依赖的方式调节对痛觉启动的行为和激素反应，突出了社会环境、性别和疼痛慢性化之间复杂的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Ketamine attenuates the effects of intermittent social defeat on anxiety, social interaction and cocaine-induced conditioned place preference in male mice 氯胺酮减弱了间歇性社交失败对雄性小鼠焦虑、社交互动和可卡因诱导的条件位置偏好的影响。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115189

M.A. Martínez-Caballero , M.P. García-Pardo , C. Calpe-López , M.C Arenas , C Manzanedo , M.A. Aguilar

Mice exposed to intermittent social defeat (ISD) stress in late adolescence exhibit short-term anxiety- and depression-like behaviours and demonstrate greater sensitivity to the rewarding effects of cocaine in adulthood. Furthermore, the development of depression-like symptoms predicts subsequent enhanced vulnerability to cocaine reward. The aim of this study was to investigate whether ketamine, a non-competitive glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist with antidepressant properties, could prevent the short-term effects of ISD on anxiety- and depression-like behaviours and the long-term effects of ISD on the cocaine-induced conditioned place preference. Four groups of late adolescent C57BL/6 male mice were used. One non-stressed group (control) and three ISD-exposed groups treated with ketamine (0, 10 or 30 mg/kg). After the last defeat episode, the mice were tested in the elevated plus maze, social interaction, splash and tail suspension tests. Three weeks later, the mice were conditioned with cocaine (1 mg/kg). Stressed mice showed anxiety, displayed a deficit in social interaction, spent less time immobile in the tail suspension test and developed a cocaine place preference. Ketamine attenuated ISD-induced anxiety, social avoidance and cocaine reward potentiation. These results support the usefulness of ketamine in preventing some effects of social stress.

在青春期后期暴露于间歇性社交失败（ISD）压力下的小鼠表现出短期的焦虑和抑郁样行为，并且在成年期对可卡因的奖励效果表现出更大的敏感性。此外，抑郁样症状的发展预示着随后对可卡因奖励的脆弱性增强。本研究的目的是研究氯胺酮（一种具有抗抑郁特性的非竞争性谷氨酸n-甲基- d -天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体拮抗剂）是否可以预防ISD对焦虑和抑郁样行为的短期影响以及ISD对可卡因诱导的条件位置偏好的长期影响。采用四组晚期青春期C57BL/6雄性小鼠。一个非应激组（对照组）和三个暴露于isd的组使用氯胺酮（0、10或30 mg/kg）治疗。在最后一次失败后，小鼠进行了高架加迷宫、社会互动、飞溅和悬尾测试。三周后，给小鼠注射可卡因（1 mg/kg）。压力大的老鼠表现出焦虑，在社会交往中表现出缺陷，在悬尾测试中不动的时间更少，并产生了可卡因的位置偏好。氯胺酮减弱isd诱导的焦虑、社交回避和可卡因奖励增强。这些结果支持氯胺酮在预防社会压力的某些影响方面的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Pupil Dynamics in Macaque Recognition Memory Tasks: Investigating Physiological Mechanisms. 猕猴识别记忆任务中的瞳孔动态：生理机制的研究。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115188

Jianhua Liu, Shujing Zhang, Jing Cai, Cheng Xue, Zhiyong Jin, Shiyang Pan, Ruoxuan Yang, Shenwei Zhang, Mingfeng Cao

Cognitive deficits are common in primates, particularly in memory and emotional processes. Rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), widely used in cognitive and behavioral research, are central to memory studies. The relationship between recognition memory performance and pupillary dynamics in rhesus monkeys remains underexplored. This study investigated pupil dynamics during recognition memory tasks and their physiological correlates in five sexually mature male rhesus monkeys. We measured pupil diameter and oscillatory features during tasks and analyzed the relationship between behavioral performance and physiological indicators. We found that the average correct response rate exceeded the random success level, and reaction times were significantly shorter during successful recognition than failures, highlighting their cognitive efficiency. During recognition of familiar scenes, average pupil diameter increased, while maximum change in pupil size decreased, indicating reduced cognitive load. Both the frequency and amplitude of pupillary oscillation were lower during successful trials, reflecting decreased cognitive conflict and effective processing. This change reflects a decrease in cognitive conflict and suggests that information processing was more effective. The absolute value of the pupil peak slop decreased during successful recognition, indicating more stable cognitive state. These results support that pupillary dynamics can serve as physiological markers of cognitive effort in rhesus monkeys. Future studies should investigate how stimulus characteristics influence recognition and incorporate measures, such as intracranial EEG and fMRI, to enhance our understanding of their neural mechanisms. This research supports the rhesus monkey model in cognitive neuroscience and contributes to understanding primate cognition and its physiological foundations, with implications for clinical and translational research.

认知缺陷在灵长类动物中很常见，尤其是在记忆和情感过程中。恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）广泛用于认知和行为研究，是记忆研究的核心。恒河猴的识别记忆表现与瞳孔动力学之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究研究了五只性成熟雄性恒河猴在识别记忆任务中的瞳孔动态及其生理相关性。我们测量了任务过程中的瞳孔直径和振荡特征，分析了行为表现与生理指标之间的关系。我们发现，平均正确反应率超过随机成功水平，并且成功识别时的反应时间明显短于失败识别时的反应时间，突出了他们的认知效率。在熟悉场景的识别过程中，平均瞳孔直径增大，最大瞳孔大小变化减小，表明认知负荷降低。在成功的实验中，瞳孔振荡的频率和幅度都较低，反映了认知冲突和有效加工的减少。这一变化反映了认知冲突的减少，表明信息处理更有效。瞳孔峰值斜率绝对值在成功识别时减小，表明认知状态更加稳定。这些结果支持瞳孔动态可以作为恒河猴认知努力的生理标记。未来的研究应探讨刺激特征如何影响识别，并结合颅内脑电图和功能磁共振成像等措施，以加强我们对其神经机制的理解。本研究支持了认知神经科学中的恒河猴模型，有助于理解灵长类动物的认知及其生理基础，对临床和转化研究具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0