Physiology & Behavior最新文献_第6页

Emotional eating and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): a pre-registered study in a clinical population 情绪化进食与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）：一项临床人群的预注册研究

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115186

Marisol Vazquez , Laura L. Wilkinson , Tom Pembroke

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects 38 % of adults globally and has been identified as a significant and increasing contributor to global health and economic burdens. Obesity is significantly associated with MASLD. Eating behaviours may represent an underexplored shared risk factor for these adverse physiological outcomes. Here, we tested a novel mediation model and hypothesised that emotional and uncontrolled eating would be positively associated with liver fibrosis (kilopascals; kPa) and steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter; CAP) via body mass index (BMI). 129 UK clinical patients undergoing a fibroscan, completed validated questionnaires on eating behaviours, snack and alcohol consumption. We confirmed an indirect relationship between emotional eating and steatosis mediated by BMI (P = 0.002), but not for liver fibrosis (P = 0.1). A direct relationship between unhealthy snack consumption and steatosis (P = 0.04) was also shown. We failed to show any direct or indirect relationships between uncontrolled eating and either fibrosis or steatosis. In an exploratory analysis, we also used separate logistic regressions to examine whether emotional eating and BMI were predictive of MASLD, alcohol related liver disease (ArLD) and other causes of deranged liver function tests (binary status). MASLD status was significantly positively predicted by both emotional eating (P = 0.003) and BMI (P = 0.024). By contrast, lower emotional eating scores predicted a higher likelihood that someone would have ArLD (P = 0.035) and emotional eating scores were not a significant predictor of other causes of deranged liver function (‘other group’, P = 0.398). Our findings indicate that psychological therapy focusing on emotional eating may represent a fruitful intervention target for MASLD.

代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）影响全球38%的成年人，已被确定为全球健康和经济负担的一个重要且日益增加的因素。肥胖与MASLD显著相关。饮食行为可能是这些不良生理结果的一个未被充分探索的共同风险因素。在这里，我们测试了一个新的中介模型，并假设情绪化和不受控制的饮食与肝纤维化（千帕斯卡；kPa）和脂肪变性（控制衰减参数；CAP）呈正相关。129名英国临床患者接受了纤维扫描，完成了关于饮食行为、零食和酒精消费的有效问卷。我们证实情绪性饮食与BMI介导的脂肪变性之间存在间接关系（P=0.002），但与肝纤维化无关（P=0.1）。不健康零食消费与脂肪变性之间存在直接关系（P=0.04）。我们未能证明不受控制的饮食与纤维化或脂肪变性之间存在任何直接或间接的关系。在探索性分析中，我们还使用单独的逻辑回归来检验情绪性饮食和BMI是否可以预测MASLD、酒精相关肝病（ArLD）和其他导致肝功能测试紊乱的原因（二元状态）。情绪性进食和BMI对MASLD状态均有显著正相关预测（P=0.003）。相比之下，情绪性饮食得分较低的人患ArLD的可能性较高（P=0.035），情绪性饮食得分并不能显著预测肝功能紊乱的其他原因（“其他组”，P=0.398）。我们的研究结果表明，以情绪进食为重点的心理治疗可能是MASLD的有效干预目标。

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引用次数: 0

Blue light exposure mitigates vibration noise-induced anxiety by enhancing serotonin levels 蓝光照射通过提高血清素水平来减轻振动噪音引起的焦虑

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115187

Longfei Huo , Xiaojing Miao , Yi Ren , Xuran Zhang , Qiqi Fu , Jiali Yang , Muqing Liu

Prolonged exposure to vibration and noisy environments has been shown to contribute to the development of anxiety disorders. Pharmacological interventions are typically not administered during the early stages, which may lead to the uncontrolled progression of anxiety symptoms. In this study, we found that daily exposure to low-frequency vibration for 1 hour significantly increased anxiety-like behavior in zebrafish, with the most pronounced effects observed at 100 Hz. Behavioral analyses demonstrated that exposure to blue light significantly alleviated vibration-induced anxiety. Further physiological measurements showed that vibration and noise exposure markedly elevated cortisol and norepinephrine levels in zebrafish. In contrast, prolonged exposure to 455 nm blue light significantly increased serotonin levels and decreased norepinephrine concentrations, thereby counteracting the anxiety-like state. These findings suggest that 455 nm blue light may serve as an effective, simple, adaptable, and relatively safe strategy for preventing or alleviating anxiety induced by long-term exposure to vibration and noise.

长期暴露在振动和嘈杂的环境中已被证明会导致焦虑症的发展。在早期阶段通常不进行药物干预，这可能导致焦虑症状不受控制的进展。在这项研究中，我们发现每天暴露于低频振动1小时显著增加斑马鱼的焦虑样行为，在100 Hz时观察到最明显的影响。行为分析表明，暴露在蓝光下可以显著减轻振动引起的焦虑。进一步的生理测量表明，振动和噪音暴露显著提高了斑马鱼的皮质醇和去甲肾上腺素水平。相比之下，长时间暴露在455nm蓝光下可显著提高血清素水平，降低去甲肾上腺素浓度，从而抵消焦虑样状态。这些研究结果表明，455nm蓝光可能是一种有效、简单、适应性强且相对安全的策略，可预防或减轻长期暴露于振动和噪音引起的焦虑。

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引用次数: 0

Neural mechanisms of cost-benefit decision-making in the rodent anterior cingulate cortex: A systematic review of extracellular recordings 啮齿动物前扣带皮层成本-收益决策的神经机制：细胞外记录的系统回顾

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115184

Farnaz Panahi, Mohammad Reza Daliri

Background

Making decisions is a vital part of life for all beings. Impaired decision-making can lead to various neuropsychiatric diseases and problems, such as drug addiction and gambling. Therefore, it is essential to identify the causes of these disorders and seek effective treatments. Rodents play a key role in studying the brain's neural mechanisms of emotional and cognitive control.

Methods

In this systematic review, we focused on the role of the anterior cingulate cortex in cost-benefit decision-making by assessing extracellular neural activity in rodents. We extracted 46 articles from the Scopus and PubMed databases, meeting specific criteria, and thoroughly examined them.

Results

We summarized the data concerning subjects, recorded signals, behavioral tasks, the primary objective of each study, and the key results obtained from each.

Conclusions

To apply findings from rodent studies to other species, we must translate the results across species. However, the lack of homologies in the anatomical definition and nomenclature of the cingulate cortex sub-regions between rodents and primates complicates this process.

对所有人来说，做决定是生活中至关重要的一部分。决策能力受损会导致各种神经精神疾病和问题，如吸毒成瘾和赌博。因此，确定这些疾病的原因并寻求有效的治疗是至关重要的。啮齿类动物在研究大脑情绪和认知控制的神经机制方面发挥着关键作用。方法在本系统综述中，我们通过评估啮齿动物的细胞外神经活动，重点研究了前扣带皮层在成本效益决策中的作用。我们从Scopus和PubMed数据库中提取了46篇符合特定标准的文章，并对其进行了彻底的检查。结果我们总结了研究对象的数据、记录的信号、行为任务、每项研究的主要目的以及每项研究的关键结果。结论为了将啮齿动物研究的结果应用于其他物种，我们必须将结果跨物种转化。然而，啮齿动物和灵长类动物在扣带皮层亚区解剖学定义和命名上缺乏同源性，使这一过程变得复杂。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of social defeat stress on depressive-like behavior, cognitive impairment, and autonomic dysregulation in male rats 社会失败压力对雄性大鼠抑郁样行为、认知障碍和自主神经失调的影响。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115185

Ivaldo Jesus Almeida Belem-Filho , Gabriela Marie Ferreira Suzuki , Luana Omena Giatti , Letícia Barros Santos , Cristiane Busnardo , Fernando Morgan Aguiar Correa

Social stress is a critical risk factor for depression, impacting millions of individuals globally. This study investigated the behavioral and cardiovascular effects of a chronic social defeat model in male Wistar rats, focusing on identifying cardiovascular markers associated with depressive-like phenotypes. Male Wistar rats were subjected to a 7-day resident-intruder social defeat paradigm, followed by behavioral assessments (open field test, novel object recognition test, and forced swimming test) and cardiovascular recordings (mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and heart rate variability). Socially defeated rats exhibited increased immobility in the forced swimming test, indicative of depressive-like behavior. While locomotion and anxiety-like behaviors in the open field were unchanged, both defeated and isolated groups showed impaired short-term memory. Cardiovascular analysis revealed that defeated animals had a significantly elevated basal heart rate and a reduced high-frequency (HF) component of heart rate variability, suggesting decreased parasympathetic activity. No significant changes were observed in blood pressure or baroreflex sensitivity across groups. Correlation analysis highlighted a strong positive correlation between short-term memory and HF power in the control group, a relationship that was disrupted in both isolated and defeated groups. These findings suggest that chronic social defeat induces specific behavioral alterations, such as increased immobility and impaired memory, coupled with cardiovascular dysregulation characterized by basal tachycardia and reduced parasympathetic tone. This study underscores the potential of heart rate variability as a physiological marker for stress-induced depressive phenotypes and emphasizes the association between behavioral and cardiovascular systems under social stress.

社会压力是抑郁症的一个关键风险因素，影响着全球数百万人。本研究研究了雄性Wistar大鼠慢性社会失败模型的行为和心血管影响，重点研究了与抑郁样表型相关的心血管标志物。雄性Wistar大鼠进行了为期7天的居民-入侵者社会失败范式，随后进行了行为评估（开放场地测试、新物体识别测试和强迫游泳测试）和心血管记录（平均动脉压、心率和心率变异性）。社交失败的大鼠在强迫游泳测试中表现出更多的不动，表明类似抑郁的行为。虽然在开阔场地的运动和类似焦虑的行为没有变化，但失败组和孤立组都表现出短期记忆受损。心血管分析显示，失败的动物的基础心率显著升高，心率变异性的高频（HF）成分降低，表明副交感神经活动减少。各组间血压或气压反射敏感性未见显著变化。相关分析强调，在对照组中，短期记忆和高频功率之间存在强烈的正相关，而在孤立组和失败组中，这种关系都被破坏了。这些研究结果表明，长期的社交失败会导致特定的行为改变，如活动能力增加和记忆受损，以及以基础心动过速和副交感神经张力降低为特征的心血管失调。这项研究强调了心率变异性作为压力诱发抑郁表型的生理标记的潜力，并强调了社会压力下行为和心血管系统之间的联系。

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引用次数: 0

Strain-specific behavioral, neuromolecular, and gut microbiota responses to aging and stress in rats with contrast nervous system excitability 对比神经系统兴奋性大鼠中菌株特异性行为、神经分子和肠道微生物群对衰老和应激的反应。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115182

Anastasia Vylegzhanina , Irina Shalaginova , Dmitry Katserov , Alexandra Semenova , Sofia Luzikova , Sofia Alekseeva , Diana Trach , Svetlana Novikova , Natalia Dyuzhikova

Aging and stress are major risk factors for impaired neural plasticity and maladaptive behavior, and their interaction is shaped by genetic predispositions. We examined how aging and prior stress affect behavior, molecular markers of apoptosis and neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, and the gut microbiota in rat strains selectively bred for contrasting nervous system excitability: high-threshold (HT, low-excitability) and low-threshold (LT, high-excitability). Adult (5-month-old) and middle-aged (14-month-old) males were studied with or without chronic emotional–pain stress in adulthood.

Aging induced strain-specific behavioral and molecular profiles: in HT rats, reduced locomotion and increased freezing in the open field were accompanied by a lower amygdalar Bcl2/Bax ratio and higher Map2 expression, whereas LT rats presented fewer behavioral changes but increased Bax. Prior stress produced long-term, opposite effects: in HT rats it changed the gut microbiota composition, attenuated anxiety-like behavior and decreased amygdalar Bax, whereas in LT rats it increased anxiety with minor microbiota alterations.

Overall, aging and stress produced distinct, strain-dependent signatures across behavior, gene expression, and microbiota composition. HT rats exhibit plasticity and microbiota remodeling consistent with resilience, whereas LT rats show limited behavioral flexibility and microbiota stability, a pattern potentially modeling vulnerability to stress-related aging. The use of contrasting excitability rat strains underscores the importance of genetic background for understanding individual variability in resilience and vulnerability to aging and stress.

衰老和压力是神经可塑性受损和适应不良行为的主要危险因素，它们之间的相互作用受遗传倾向的影响。我们研究了衰老和先前的应激如何影响行为、细胞凋亡和神经可塑性的分子标记、神经炎症和肠道微生物群，这些大鼠菌株被选择性地培育用于对比神经系统兴奋性：高阈值（HT，低兴奋性）和低阈值（LT，高兴奋性）。成年男性（5个月）和中年男性（14个月）在成年期有或没有慢性情绪疼痛压力。衰老诱导的菌株特异性行为和分子特征：在HT大鼠中，运动减少和野外冻结增加伴随着杏仁核Bcl2/Bax比值降低和Map2表达升高，而LT大鼠的行为变化较少，但Bax升高。先前的压力产生了长期的相反效果：在HT大鼠中，它改变了肠道微生物群组成，减轻了焦虑样行为，降低了杏仁核Bax，而在LT大鼠中，它增加了焦虑，微生物群发生了轻微的变化。总的来说，衰老和应激在行为、基因表达和微生物群组成方面产生了不同的、菌株依赖的特征。HT大鼠表现出可塑性和与恢复力一致的微生物群重塑，而LT大鼠表现出有限的行为灵活性和微生物群稳定性，这一模式潜在地模拟了压力相关衰老的脆弱性。对比兴奋性大鼠品系的使用强调了遗传背景对于理解个体对衰老和压力的恢复力和易受伤害性的差异性的重要性。

{"title":"Strain-specific behavioral, neuromolecular, and gut microbiota responses to aging and stress in rats with contrast nervous system excitability","authors":"Anastasia Vylegzhanina , Irina Shalaginova , Dmitry Katserov , Alexandra Semenova , Sofia Luzikova , Sofia Alekseeva , Diana Trach , Svetlana Novikova , Natalia Dyuzhikova","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging and stress are major risk factors for impaired neural plasticity and maladaptive behavior, and their interaction is shaped by genetic predispositions. We examined how aging and prior stress affect behavior, molecular markers of apoptosis and neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, and the gut microbiota in rat strains selectively bred for contrasting nervous system excitability: high-threshold (HT, low-excitability) and low-threshold (LT, high-excitability). Adult (5-month-old) and middle-aged (14-month-old) males were studied with or without chronic emotional–pain stress in adulthood.</div><div>Aging induced strain-specific behavioral and molecular profiles: in HT rats, reduced locomotion and increased freezing in the open field were accompanied by a lower amygdalar Bcl2/Bax ratio and higher Map2 expression, whereas LT rats presented fewer behavioral changes but increased Bax. Prior stress produced long-term, opposite effects: in HT rats it changed the gut microbiota composition, attenuated anxiety-like behavior and decreased amygdalar Bax, whereas in LT rats it increased anxiety with minor microbiota alterations.</div><div>Overall, aging and stress produced distinct, strain-dependent signatures across behavior, gene expression, and microbiota composition. HT rats exhibit plasticity and microbiota remodeling consistent with resilience, whereas LT rats show limited behavioral flexibility and microbiota stability, a pattern potentially modeling vulnerability to stress-related aging. The use of contrasting excitability rat strains underscores the importance of genetic background for understanding individual variability in resilience and vulnerability to aging and stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"305 ","pages":"Article 115182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145597279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stochastic auditory noise enhances cardiac coherence evoked by slow-tempo music: preliminary findings 随机听觉噪音增强慢节奏音乐诱发的心脏相干性：初步发现。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115181

Karen Alejandra Díaz-Lozano , Oscar Alexis Becerra-Casillas , Nayeli Huidobro , Joel Cervantes-L , David I Serrano-Garcia , Hugo Vélez-Pérez , Mario Treviño , Inmaculada Márquez , Braniff de la Torre-Valdovinos

Heart rate variability (HRV) coherence near 0.1 Hz has been proposed as a sensitive marker of autonomic regulation and stress resilience. Slow-tempo music has been associated with enhanced parasympathetic activity, and the stochastic resonance framework suggests that controlled noise may optimize weak physiological signals. This study examined whether embedding auditory noise into slow-tempo music could enhance HRV coherence.

Materials and Methods

Twelve healthy volunteers underwent electrocardiogram (ECG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings while listening to slow-tempo instrumental music alone and with superimposed white noise at varying intensities. HRV coherence was quantified using spectral concentration around 0.1 Hz. Analyses compared music-only, zero noise (ZN), optimal noise (ON), and high noise (HN) conditions.

Results

Music alone progressively increased HRV coherence, with a tendency to stabilize around ∼1800 s. When music was combined with noise, HRV coherence showed a pattern consistent with an inverted-U: intermediate noise levels tended to produce higher coherence, whereas ZN and HN conditions were associated with reduced synchronization. Individual variability was evident, with each participant displaying a unique ON level. EEG results showed increased alpha activity, particularly in right-lateralized regions, consistent with relaxation states reported in the literature.

Conclusion

Embedding noise into slow-tempo music selectively amplified HRV coherence near 0.1 Hz, consistent with stochastic resonance. These findings suggest that noise-modulated music may serve as a low-cost, accessible complementary approach to strengthen autonomic regulation and stress regulation.

心率变异性（HRV）一致性在0.1 Hz附近被认为是自主调节和应激恢复的敏感标志。慢节奏音乐与增强副交感神经活动有关，随机共振框架表明受控噪声可能优化弱生理信号。本研究考察了在慢节奏音乐中嵌入听觉噪音是否能增强HRV一致性。材料和方法：12名健康志愿者在单独听慢节奏器乐和不同强度叠加白噪声的情况下进行心电图和脑电图记录。利用0.1 Hz左右的光谱浓度定量HRV相干性。分析比较了纯音乐、零噪声（ZN）、最佳噪声（ON）和高噪声（HN）条件。结果：单独的音乐逐渐增加了HRV的连贯性，并在1800秒左右趋于稳定。当音乐与噪音相结合时，HRV相干性表现出与倒u型一致的模式：中等噪音水平倾向于产生更高的相干性，而ZN和HN条件与同步性降低相关。个体差异是明显的，每个参与者显示一个独特的ON水平。脑电图结果显示α活动增加，特别是在右侧区域，与文献报道的放松状态一致。结论：在慢节奏音乐中嵌入噪声，选择性地放大了0.1 Hz附近的HRV相干性，与随机共振一致。这些发现表明，噪声调制音乐可以作为一种低成本，易于获得的补充方法来加强自主调节和压力调节。

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引用次数: 0

Sex-specific effects of GnIH on lipid metabolism in SD rats GnIH对SD大鼠脂质代谢的性别特异性影响。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115183

Jiaming Zheng , Xin Zhang , Xingxing Song, Dongyang Han, Kaiou Han, Chengcheng Liu, Changlin Xu, Zixin Li, Qiang Ge, Wenhao Xu, Lei Chen, Xun Li

Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is a neuropeptide pivotal in reproduction, which has recently been implicated in appetite-driven obesity among mammals. Yet, its functions in metabolic homeostasis and sex-specific lipid regulation remain largely underexplored. In this study, we found that GnIH administration initially caused weight gain and increased food intake in both male and female rats within 2 weeks. However, at week 6, male rats receiving high-dose (10 μg/100 μL) GnIH gained weight, while female rats receiving low-dose (1 μg/100 μL) GnIH lost weight. In addition, high-dose GnIH increased organ weight and glucose levels in male rats, while reduced white adipose tissues (WAT) and raised triglycerides in females. Histologically, GnIH dose-dependently increased hepatic lipid vacuoles in male rats, while female rats exhibited nuclear swelling and cellular damage. Mechanistically, GnIH exhibited sex-specific effects on hepatic lipid metabolism. In male rats, it enhanced lipogenesis through the upregulation of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (c/EBP), while inhibiting lipolysis via reduced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), Adiponectin (ADPN), and AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) phosphorylation. Conversely, female rats treated with GnIH displayed diminished MTP expression alongside elevated lipolysis. In WAT, GnIH promoted lipogenesis in male rats, evidenced by increased fatty acid synthase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), and c/EBP levels. However, it suppressed this process in females even though lipolytic markers such as ADPN and PPARγ were elevated in both sexes. Overall, GnIH exerts distinct sex-specific effects on lipid metabolism, promoting anabolic pathways in males while triggering catabolic responses in females. These findings highlight the complex role of GnIH in energy homeostasis and underscore its potential as a target for sex-specific therapeutic interventions in metabolic disorders.

促性腺激素抑制激素（GnIH）是一种在生殖中起关键作用的神经肽，最近被认为与哺乳动物的食欲驱动型肥胖有关。然而，其在代谢稳态和性别特异性脂质调节中的功能仍未得到充分研究。在本研究中，我们发现GnIH最初在2周内引起雄性和雌性大鼠体重增加和食物摄入量增加。在第6周，高剂量（10 μg/100 μL） GnIH组雄性大鼠体重增加，低剂量（1 μg/100 μL） GnIH组雌性大鼠体重减轻。此外，高剂量GnIH增加了雄性大鼠的器官重量和葡萄糖水平，同时减少了雌性大鼠的白色脂肪组织（WAT）并提高了甘油三酯。组织学上，GnIH剂量依赖性地增加了雄性大鼠的肝脂泡，而雌性大鼠表现出核肿胀和细胞损伤。在机制上，GnIH对肝脏脂质代谢表现出性别特异性的影响。在雄性大鼠中，它通过上调微粒体甘油三酯转移蛋白（MTP）和CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白（c/EBP）来促进脂肪生成，同时通过降低过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ (PPARγ)、脂联素（ADPN）和amp活化蛋白激酶α (AMPKα)磷酸化来抑制脂肪分解。相反，用GnIH治疗的雌性大鼠显示MTP表达减少，同时脂肪分解升高。在WAT中，GnIH促进雄性大鼠的脂肪生成，其证据是脂肪酸合成酶（FASN）、硬脂酰辅酶a去饱和酶（SCD）和c/EBP水平升高。然而，它抑制了这一过程在女性中，即使脂溶标志物如ADPN和PPARγ在两性中都升高。总体而言，GnIH对脂质代谢具有明显的性别特异性影响，在男性中促进合成代谢途径，而在女性中触发分解代谢反应。这些发现强调了GnIH在能量稳态中的复杂作用，并强调了其作为代谢紊乱的性别特异性治疗干预目标的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of aerobic exercise on maternal lipid panel during the third trimester of pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials 有氧运动对妊娠晚期产妇脂质面板的影响：随机对照试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115170

Deivyd Vieira Silva Cavalcante , Fernanda Valeriano Zamora , Ayesha Ayesha , Gabriel Gomes Lopes , Noor Husain , Beatriz Ximenes Mendes , Ana Clara Felix de Farias Santos , Luciane Betinelli , Beatriz Cocato Malagutti , Christian Ndikuryayo

Introduction

It is known that Total cholesterol (TC) and Triglycerides (TG) levels can increase by up to 50 % during late pregnancy, conserving glucose and amino acids for the fetus while enabling the mother to derive energy from elevated lipids. However, the impact of aerobic exercise on lipid levels in non-dyslipidemic pregnant women remains unclear. To compare the effects of a structured aerobic exercise program versus usual physical activity on maternal lipid levels in pregnant women during their third trimester.

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central for ran- domised controlled trial(s) (RCT) comparing lipid profile TC, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), High-density lipoprotein (HDL), and TG in pregnant women engaged in aerobic exercise versus those with usual physical activity. We employed the standardised mean difference (SMD) with a random-effects model to compare the post-intervention lipid pro- files. The level of heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistic. All statistical analyses were performed using RStudio 4.4.3.

Results

Eight studies were included in the analy- sis, encompassing 839 patients, of whom 44.69 % (n = 375) were assigned to the exercise group. The included patients were not dyslipidemia during the first trimester. Pregnant patients under a structured aerobic exercise program presented with a non-significant re- duction in TC levels (SMD 95 %CI:0.30—0.88; p00.28; I² = 0.32 %)86, LDL levels (SMD 95 %CI:0.08—0.51; p00.34; I² = 0.71 %)74, TG levels (-0.75 95 %CI:1.66–0.16; p00.11; I² = 91 %), and HDL levels (SMD 95 %CI:0.22—0.54; p00.09; I² = 0.16 %)58.

Conclusion

In non-dyslipidemic pregnant patients, a structured exercise program does not reduce lipid levels compared to usual physical activity, thereby maintaining the physiolog- ical advantages of the lipid increase observed in the third trimester.

简介：众所周知，总胆固醇（TC）和甘油三酯（TG）水平在妊娠后期可增加高达50%，为胎儿保存葡萄糖和氨基酸，同时使母亲能够从升高的脂质中获得能量。然而，有氧运动对非血脂异常孕妇血脂水平的影响尚不清楚。比较有组织的有氧运动项目与常规体育活动对妊娠晚期孕妇体内脂质水平的影响。方法：我们系统地检索了PubMed、Embase和Cochrane Central的随机对照试验（RCT），比较了有氧运动与常规体育活动孕妇的脂质谱TC、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和TG。我们采用标准化平均差（SMD）和随机效应模型来比较干预后的血脂档案。采用I2统计量评估异质性水平。所有统计分析均使用RStudio 4.4.3进行。结果：8项研究纳入分析，包括839例患者，其中44.69% （n=375）被分配到运动组。纳入的患者在妊娠早期没有血脂异常。在有组织的有氧运动计划下，孕妇的TC水平（SMD 95%CI: -0.30-0.88; p0.28; I2 = 0.32%）86、LDL水平（SMD 95%CI: -0.08-0.51; p0.34; I2 = 0.71%）74、TG水平（-0.75 95%CI: -1.66-0.16; p0.11; I2 = 91%）和HDL水平（SMD 95%CI: -0.22-0.54; p0.09; I2 = 0.16%）58均无显著降低。结论：在非血脂异常的孕妇中，与通常的身体活动相比，有组织的锻炼计划不会降低血脂水平，从而维持在妊娠晚期观察到的血脂升高的生理优势。

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引用次数: 0

The association between premenstrual symptom severity and eating disorder: Mediation by food addiction and emotional eating, moderation by irrational beliefs 经前症状严重程度与饮食失调的关系：食物成瘾和情绪化饮食的中介作用，非理性信念的调节作用。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115180

Laurence J. Nolan , Edna Aurelus , Amy Eshleman

Severe premenstrual symptoms (PS) have been linked to emotional eating (EE) and binge eating. The purpose of this study was to examine whether EE, dietary restraint, and/or food addiction (FA) mediated the relationship between PS and the odds of screening positive for an eating disorder. The role of irrational beliefs (IB), which can lead to dysfunctional emotional and/or behavioral responses, was examined as a potential moderator. 600 women (mean age = 26.6 ± 0.2 years) who had menstruated at least twice in the previous year completed online questionnaires. Methods to screen out automated (“bot”) responses were employed. Through purposive sampling, 25 % of the sample identified primarily as Asian, Black, Latina/Hispanic, White. No significant racial/ethnic identity differences were found for PS or any psychological measures. Results indicated that there was a positive relationship between PS and IB, depression, EE, external eating, dietary restraint, FA, and the odds of screening positive for an eating disorder. PS was weakly negatively associated with age but not with body mass index. EE and FA mediated the positive relationship between PS and the odds of having a positive screen for an eating disorder (controlling for depression). The association between PS and FA was stronger at higher levels of IB. IB also moderated the association between EE and the odds of having a positive screen for an eating disorder. Overall, the results indicate that those who have more severe PS engage in more uncontrolled eating in the form of EE and FA (particularly at higher IB levels for the latter) which are associated with higher odds of having a positive screen for an eating disorder.

严重的经前症状（PS）与情绪化进食（EE）和暴饮暴食有关。本研究的目的是研究情感表达、饮食限制和/或食物成瘾（FA）是否介导了PS与饮食失调筛查阳性几率之间的关系。非理性信念（IB）的作用，可以导致功能失调的情绪和/或行为反应，作为一个潜在的调节因素进行了研究。600名女性（平均年龄 = 26.6±0.2岁）在前一年至少有两次月经完成在线问卷调查。采用筛选自动（“bot”）响应的方法。通过有目的的抽样，25%的样本主要确定为亚洲人，黑人，拉丁裔/西班牙裔，白人。在PS或任何心理测量中，没有发现明显的种族/民族认同差异。结果表明，PS与IB、抑郁、情感表达、外食、饮食限制、FA以及饮食失调筛查阳性的几率呈正相关。PS与年龄呈弱负相关，而与体重指数无明显负相关。情感表达和FA介导了PS与进食障碍筛查阳性几率之间的正相关关系（控制抑郁）。在高水平的IB中，PS和FA之间的关联更强。IB也调节了情感表达与饮食失调筛查阳性几率之间的关联。总的来说，结果表明，那些患有更严重的PS的人以情感表达和FA的形式参与更多不受控制的饮食（特别是后者的IB水平较高），这与饮食失调筛查呈阳性的几率更高有关。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of social isolation on circadian rhythmicity and clock genes expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice exposed to simulated rotating shiftwork/jetlag 社会隔离对模拟轮班/时差反应小鼠前额皮质和海马体昼夜节律性和生物钟基因表达的影响

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115179

Madhumita Mishra, Rajesh Gupta, Muniyandi Singaravel

Circadian rhythms regulate fundamental physiological and behavioral functions, yet are increasingly disrupted by contemporary environmental stressors such as rotating shift work and social isolation. Although each disruptor independently compromises circadian homeostasis, their interactive effects remain insufficiently characterized. Given the role of social cues as non-photic zeitgebers, we investigated whether social isolation exacerbates behavioral and molecular circadian disruption induced by repeated light-dark phase shifts, and whether social interaction confers resilience. Male AKR mice were assigned to six experimental groups defined by housing condition (grouped or isolated) and lighting regimen, comprising a stable 12-hour light-dark cycle, successive delays, or successive advances, with 8-hour phase shifts imposed every fourth day across six cycles. Locomotor activity was assessed using wheel-running, and transcript levels of Per1, Cry1, Bmal1, and Clock were quantified in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus by RT-qPCR. Both phase delay and advance protocols disrupted behavioral rhythms and dampened circadian amplitude, with successive advances producing more pronounced desynchronization than delays. These effects were significantly amplified by social isolation, which led to marked rhythm fragmentation, phase misalignment, and delayed re-entrainment. At the molecular level, isolated mice displayed downregulation of Per1 and Cry1, and upregulation of Bmal1, most prominently in the hippocampus. Notably, group housing preserved circadian stability across behavioral and transcriptional domains, implicating social cues as modulators of internal synchrony. These findings demonstrate that social isolation potentiates the circadian desynchrony elicited by rotating shift paradigms and identify social interaction as a non-photic signal capable of partially restoring rhythm coherence and clock gene expression.

昼夜节律调节着基本的生理和行为功能，但越来越多地受到当代环境压力因素的干扰，如轮班工作和社会隔离。尽管每个干扰物都独立地损害昼夜平衡，但它们的相互作用仍然没有充分表征。鉴于社会线索作为非光性授时因子的作用，我们研究了社会隔离是否会加剧由反复的明暗相移引起的行为和分子昼夜节律紊乱，以及社会互动是否会赋予恢复力。雄性AKR小鼠根据居住条件（分组或隔离）和光照方案分为6个实验组，包括稳定的12小时明暗周期，连续延迟或连续前进，每4天在6个周期中进行8小时相移。通过轮跑评估运动活动，并通过RT-qPCR量化前额皮质和海马中Per1、Cry1、Bmal1和Clock的转录水平。相位延迟和提前协议都破坏了行为节律，抑制了昼夜节律的幅度，连续的提前产生比延迟更明显的不同步。这些影响被社会隔离显著放大，这导致了明显的节奏分裂、相位失调和延迟的再融入。在分子水平上，离体小鼠表现出Per1和Cry1的下调，Bmal1的上调，在海马中最为明显。值得注意的是，群体住房在行为和转录领域保持了昼夜节律的稳定性，这意味着社会线索是内部同步的调节剂。这些发现表明，社会隔离增强了由轮换轮班范式引起的昼夜节律不同步，并将社会互动确定为一种非光信号，能够部分恢复节奏一致性和时钟基因表达。

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引用次数: 0