Physiology & Behavior最新文献_第7页

Impacts of prolonged different social (equality and inequality) conditions on spatial learning and memory deficits, as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder-like behaviors in male rats 长期不同社会条件（平等和不平等）对雄性大鼠空间学习和记忆缺陷以及强迫症样行为的影响

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115177

Mohammad Mazaheri, Maryam Radahmadi, Mohammad Reza Sharifi

Introduction

Observing others' suffering and being observed during stress may differentially influence behavioral patterns and brain functions such as learning, memory, and mood. This study investigated the effects of prolonged social equality and inequality on spatial learning and memory deficits, as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)–like behaviors in rats.

Methods

Male rats were randomly divided into six groups: control (Co), pseudo-observer (Pse-Ob), pseudo-demonstrator (Pse-De), observer (Ob), demonstrator (De), and co-demonstrator (Co-De). All groups except the control underwent restraint stress induction (2 h/day for 21 days) using both social equality and inequality models. The social inequality model consisted of a restrained demonstrator and a free-moving observer, while the social equality model used two restrained co-demonstrators. Spatial learning and memory, as well as OCD-like behaviors, were assessed using the Barnes Maze (BM) and Marble Burying (MB) tests, respectively.

Results

Escape latency and traveled distance were significantly increased in all stressed groups relative to the control group during both the training and probe trials in the BM test. In these trials, these variables were significantly reduced in the Ob and Co-De groups relative to the De group. The number of buried marbles was significantly higher in the De and Co-De groups than in the Co and Pse-De groups in the MB test. Furthermore, a significant increase was observed in the Co-De group relative to the Ob group.

Conclusion

Social inequality-induced stress impairs spatial learning and memory, but this can be significantly mitigated by the presence of a familiar conspecific in a similar situation. Restraint stress in the presence of others was able to induce OCD-like behaviors under both equal and inequal conditions.

简介：观察他人的痛苦和在压力下被观察可能会对行为模式和大脑功能（如学习、记忆和情绪）产生不同的影响。本研究探讨了长期的社会平等和不平等对大鼠空间学习和记忆缺陷以及强迫症样行为的影响。方法：雄性大鼠随机分为对照组（Co）、伪观察者组（Pse-Ob）、伪演示者组（Pse-De）、观察者组（Ob）、演示者组（De）和共同演示者组（Co-De）。除对照组外，其余各组均采用社会平等和不平等模型进行约束应激诱导（2 h /d，共21 d）。社会不平等模型由一个受约束的示威者和一个自由移动的观察者组成，而社会平等模型由两个受约束的共同示威者组成。空间学习记忆和强迫症样行为分别采用Barnes Maze （BM）和Marble burial （MB）测试。结果：与对照组相比，应激组的逃避潜伏期和行走距离均显著增加。在这些试验中，与De组相比，Ob组和Co-De组的这些变量显著降低。在MB测试中，De和Co-De组的埋藏弹珠数量显著高于Co和Pse-De组。此外，与Ob组相比，Co-De组观察到显著增加。结论：社会不平等引起的压力会损害空间学习和记忆，但这可以通过在类似情况下出现熟悉的同质者来显着减轻。在平等和不平等条件下，他人在场时的约束压力都能诱发类似强迫症的行为。

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引用次数: 0

Voluntary wheel running improves cognitive deficits and abnormal agonistic behavior induced by social isolation stress in mice 自愿跑轮可改善小鼠社会隔离应激诱导的认知缺陷和异常激动行为。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115176

Kana Umamichi , Tomonori Furukawa , Chihiro Sato , Hiroyuki Miura , Kai Hatakenaka , Tomohito Nunomura , Misaki Mikami , Shuhei Koeda , Junko Yamada

Reduced social interactions negatively impact adolescents. However, underlying mechanisms of social isolation (SI) stress and interventions remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of an exercise intervention on SI stress-induced behavioral abnormalities and the underlying mechanisms. We used male mice: Ctrl (N = 32), SI (N = 33), SI + voluntary wheel running (VWR) (N = 14), and SI + lurasidone (N = 7), and assessed emotion, anxiety, depression, social interactions, and cognitive functions using behavioral tests. In addition, we measured plasma corticosterone and performed immunohistochemical staining for ΔFosB, a marker of repeatedly activated neurons, to assess the stress response and identify brain regions associated with SI stress. Interventions lasted for 3 weeks, and behavioral assessments were initiated 2 weeks after the intervention initiation. The SI mice exhibited significant hyperactivity, reduced self-care and motivation, impaired recognition, excessive sniffing toward strangers and aggressive but avoidant social behaviors. We observed significant improvements in recognition impairments and excessive sniffing behavior after VWR. In addition, there was a trend toward reduced flight behavior. However, VWR did not induce a significant change in the number of attacks and the ΔFosB expression in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Lurasidone administration significantly reduced sniffing and aggressive behavior and increased ΔFosB-positive cells in VTA. Our results suggest that, while VWR and lurasidone both mitigate some aspects of SI-induced behavioral deficits, they likely act independent or only partially overlapping neurobiological pathways. Thus, VWR may act through broader neuroadaptive processes, potentially involving serotonergic modulation, neurotrophic factors, or stress regulatory circuits.

减少社会交往对青少年有负面影响。然而，社会孤立（SI）压力的潜在机制和干预措施仍不清楚。因此，我们研究了运动干预对SI应激诱导的行为异常的影响及其潜在机制。我们使用雄性老鼠:Ctrl (N = 32),SI (N = 33),如果 + 自愿轮运行(VWR) (N = 14),和SI + lurasidone (N = 7),和评估情绪,焦虑、抑郁、社交互动,并使用行为认知功能测试。此外，我们测量了血浆皮质酮，并对ΔFosB（反复激活神经元的标记物）进行了免疫组织化学染色，以评估应激反应并识别与SI应激相关的大脑区域。干预持续3周，干预开始后2周开始行为评估。SI小鼠表现出明显的多动症、自我照顾和动机降低、认知受损、对陌生人过度嗅探以及攻击性但回避的社会行为。我们观察到VWR后识别障碍和过度嗅探行为的显著改善。此外，还有减少飞行行为的趋势。然而，VWR并没有引起攻击次数和腹侧被盖区（VTA） ΔFosB表达的显著变化。鲁拉西酮显著减少嗅探和攻击行为，增加VTA ΔFosB-positive细胞。我们的研究结果表明，虽然VWR和鲁拉西酮都减轻了si诱导的行为缺陷的某些方面，但它们可能是独立的，或者只是部分重叠的神经生物学通路。因此，VWR可能通过更广泛的神经适应过程起作用，可能涉及血清素能调节、神经营养因子或应激调节回路。

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引用次数: 0

Timing-dependent effects of maternal separation stress in female rats: Insights into sex differences 雌性大鼠母性分离应激的时间依赖效应：性别差异的见解。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115175

Yuki Kajita , Kento Takabayashi , Hajime Mushiake

Rodent maternal separation (MS) models have been widely used to investigate the effects of early life stress (ELS) on neural development. However, the presence of sex differences in timing-dependent specificity has yet to be confirmed. The objective of this was to elucidate the timing-dependent specificity of MS in female rats and compare it with that previously reported using male rats.

Female Long-Evans rat pups were randomly divided into three groups: early MS (Early-MS: postnatal day [PND] 1‒9); late MS (Late-MS: PND 10‒20); and control (CTL). All groups were evaluated for psychiatric disorder-like behaviours using several behavioural tests, and Drebrin and Golgi-Cox staining were performed to assess changes in dendritic spines immunohistochemically.

Both Early- and Late-MS groups exhibited learned helplessness-like behaviour, as shown by increased immobility in the forced swim test. However, only the Early-MS group demonstrated reduced active coping behaviour, as measured by climbing. Only the Late-MS group exhibited obsessive-compulsive-like behaviour, as reflected by increased marble burying. Neuroanatomically, spine density in the hippocampal CA1 region increased in the Early-MS group in the basal dendrites, whereas it decreased in the Late-MS group in the apical dendrites.

These behavioural and neuroanatomical alterations suggest that ELS affects female rats depending on the timing of exposure. These patterns differ partially from those reported in males, contributing to our understanding of sex-specific mechanisms underlying the impact of ELS on brain plasticity and behaviour.

鼠类母性分离（MS）模型被广泛用于研究早期生活应激（ELS）对神经发育的影响。然而，在时间依赖性特异性中存在性别差异尚未得到证实。这项研究的目的是阐明雌性大鼠MS的时间依赖性特异性，并将其与先前报道的雄性大鼠进行比较。雌性Long-Evans大鼠幼崽随机分为三组：早期MS组（early -MS: postnatal day [PND] 1-9）；晚期MS (late -MS: PND 10-20)；和控制（CTL）。使用多项行为测试评估所有组的精神障碍样行为，并进行Drebrin和Golgi-Cox染色来评估树突棘的免疫组织化学变化。ms早期组和ms晚期组均表现出习得性无助样行为，如在强迫游泳测试中增加的不动所示。然而，只有早期ms组表现出积极应对行为的减少，通过攀登来衡量。只有晚期ms组表现出类似强迫症的行为，这反映在越来越多的大理石埋葬上。神经解剖学上，早期ms组海马CA1区的脊柱密度在基底树突增加，而晚期ms组的脊柱密度在根尖树突减少。这些行为和神经解剖学上的改变表明，ELS对雌性大鼠的影响取决于暴露的时间。这些模式与男性报告的部分不同，有助于我们理解ELS对大脑可塑性和行为影响的性别特异性机制。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of the effects and mechanisms of endogenous deletion of FGF21 on cognitive functions 内源性FGF21缺失对认知功能的影响及机制研究。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115174

Zi-han Jiang, Xin-xin Tian, Meng-xin Sun, Hui-ze-xuan Yuan, Sheng-rong Xiang, Hai-Feng Zhang, Jia-peng Zhang, Lan-yue Cui, Wen-fei Wang

Cognitive impairment is characterized by reduced cognitive abilities in one or more areas such as language, memory, and reasoning. It is a common problem in various neurological diseases and the aging process, seriously affecting people's quality of life and overall health. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a hormone regulating glucose/lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis, exhibits neuroprotective properties. To investigate the impact and mechanism of endogenous deletion of FGF21 on cognitive function, FGF21 knockout mice and wild-type mice were used. Different behavioral paradigms were used to study the effects of FGF21 on the cognitive behavior of mice. Morphological changes were observed by Nissl and HE staining, and RNA sequencing was performed to explore potential links between FGF21 and cognitive impairment–related diseases. Behavioral and morphological analyses demonstrated that FGF21 knockout mice exhibited deficits in learning and memory, anxiety-like behaviors, and neuronal degeneration. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that FGF21 deficiency altered multiple neuroprotective processes, including metabolism and synaptic transmission. These deficits may be mediated through downregulation of the PPAR signaling pathway, thereby affecting cognitive function. This research indicates that endogenous FGF21 deletion disrupts basic cognitive and emotional behaviors of mice, which may accelerate the development of cognitive impairment–related diseases (including Alzheimer’s disease, vascular cognitive impairment, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies), and suggests FGF21 as a potential therapeutic target for these diseases.

认知障碍的特征是在一个或多个领域的认知能力下降，如语言、记忆和推理。它是各种神经系统疾病和衰老过程中常见的问题，严重影响人们的生活质量和整体健康。成纤维细胞生长因子21 （FGF21）是一种调节糖/脂代谢和能量稳态的激素，具有神经保护作用。为了研究内源性FGF21缺失对认知功能的影响及其机制，我们使用了FGF21敲除小鼠和野生型小鼠。采用不同的行为范式研究FGF21对小鼠认知行为的影响。通过尼氏染色和HE染色观察形态学变化，并进行RNA测序以探索FGF21与认知障碍相关疾病之间的潜在联系。行为学和形态学分析表明，FGF21基因敲除小鼠在学习和记忆、焦虑样行为和神经元变性方面表现出缺陷。转录组学分析显示，FGF21缺乏改变了多种神经保护过程，包括代谢和突触传递。这些缺陷可能通过下调PPAR信号通路介导，从而影响认知功能。本研究提示，内源性FGF21缺失会破坏小鼠的基本认知和情绪行为，这可能会加速认知障碍相关疾病（包括阿尔茨海默病、血管性认知障碍、额颞叶痴呆、路易体痴呆）的发展，并提示FGF21可能是这些疾病的潜在治疗靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Psychophysiological stress and resilience responses to military training and their associations with injury and attrition status among male and female personnel 军事训练对男女人员心理生理应激和恢复力的影响及其与损伤和消耗状况的关系

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115173

Jennifer N. Forse, Kristen J. Koltun, Varun J. Patel, Matthew B. Bird, Mita Lovalekar, Evan D. Feigel, Brian J. Martin, Bradley C. Nindl

Psychological and physiological stress may be influenced by military training and responses may vary based on sex. Baseline psychological (Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC)) and physiological (serum cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)) measures of stress and resilience were compared and assessed for their relationship with injury and attrition status between male and female candidates participating in Marine Corps Officer Candidates School (OCS). Changes over time were assessed in those who completed OCS. Two-way independent measures ANOVAs (sex*group) compared baseline measures between sexes and injured/non-injured candidates, and completers/non-completers. Two-way mixed measures ANOVAs (time*sex) assessed changes over time in completers. At baseline (24.6 ± 3.2 yrs; 25.3 ± 2.3 kg/m2; 22.2 % female), PSS and cortisol were higher in females than males. Similarly, PSS and cortisol were higher, but DHEA was lower, in those who did not complete training. In completers, significant interaction effects for CD-RISC, cortisol, and DHEA were observed. CD-RISC did not change over time in males but decreased in females. Cortisol and DHEA decreased over time in both sexes, but to a greater extent in females than males. During OCS, PSS increased over time, and females scored higher than males. Female candidates observed reduced resilience and neuroendocrine concentrations and greater perceived stress than males, indicating a sex difference in coping ability and greater physiological burden to military training. Baseline stress measures may also serve as risk factors for attrition.

心理和生理压力可能受到军事训练的影响，反应可能因性别而异。比较和评估了参加海军陆战队军官培训学校（OCS）的男女候选人的基本心理指标（感知压力量表（PSS）和康纳-戴维森恢复力量表（CD-RISC））和生理指标（血清皮质醇和脱氢表雄酮（DHEA））的压力和恢复力与损伤和消耗状况的关系。在完成OCS的患者中评估随时间的变化。双向独立测量ANOVAs（性别*组）比较了不同性别、受伤/未受伤候选人、完成者/未完成者之间的基线测量。双向混合测量anova（时间*性别）评估了完成者随时间的变化。在基线（24.6±3.2岁；25.3±2.3kg/m2； 22.2%女性），女性PSS和皮质醇高于男性。同样，在那些没有完成训练的人身上，PSS和皮质醇更高，但DHEA更低。在完成者中，观察到CD-RISC、皮质醇和脱氢表雄酮的显著相互作用效应。CD-RISC在男性中没有随时间变化，但在女性中有所下降。随着时间的推移，皮质醇和脱氢表雄酮在两性中都有所下降，但女性的下降幅度大于男性。在OCS期间，PSS随着时间的推移而增加，女性得分高于男性。与男性相比，女性候选人的心理弹性和神经内分泌浓度较低，感知压力较大，表明应对能力存在性别差异，军事训练生理负担较大。基线压力测量也可以作为磨损的危险因素。

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引用次数: 0

Evoking flavor memories through real food sounds: A preliminary study on crossmodal compensation in taste and smell disorders 通过真实的食物声音唤起风味记忆：味觉和嗅觉障碍跨模态补偿的初步研究。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115171

Huan Ding , Xizhi Zhang

Taste and olfactory dysfunctions significantly impair flavor perception, reduce eating pleasure, and affect emotional well-being. Existing interventions primarily focus on restoring sensory function, with limited attention to the potential of sound as a cross-modal pathway for flavor reconstruction. As a multimodal stimulus, food-related sound shows compensatory potential in evoking flavor associations and triggering emotional memory. This study investigates whether real-world food sounds can effectively elicit flavor-related associations and memories, and aims to establish a symbolic mapping model between auditory cues and flavor perception. Forty participants (including 20 clinically diagnosed with taste or smell disorders) were exposed to 15 real food sound clips. They rated each clip across dimensions including flavor association strength, emotional arousal, image clarity, and memory activation. Open-ended responses were also collected for semantic analysis. Results showed that participants with sensory impairments scored significantly higher across all perceptual dimensions compared to controls (p< 0.01), indicating a stronger compensatory response to sound. Specific sounds, such as stir-frying and hotpot boiling, exhibited particularly strong evocative effects. Semantic analysis revealed that auditory associations were closely linked to specific foods and culturally familiar scenarios, highlighting the emotional embeddedness of these cues. This study suggests that real food sounds may serve as effective substitutes for flavor perception, offering a context-rich and emotionally resonant compensatory pathway. The findings provide theoretical support for the development of “sound–flavor training sets,” with potential applications in inclusive eating design and sensory rehabilitation.

味觉和嗅觉功能障碍显著损害风味感知，降低饮食愉悦感，并影响情绪健康。现有的干预措施主要集中在恢复感觉功能，对声音作为风味重建的跨模态途径的潜力的关注有限。作为一种多模态刺激，与食物相关的声音在唤起风味联想和触发情绪记忆方面具有代偿潜力。本研究旨在探讨现实世界的食物声音是否能有效地引发与风味相关的联想和记忆，并建立听觉线索与风味感知之间的符号映射模型。40名参与者（包括20名临床诊断为味觉或嗅觉障碍的人）被暴露在15个真实的食物声音片段中。他们对每个片段进行评分，包括味道联想强度、情绪唤醒、图像清晰度和记忆激活。开放式回答也被收集用于语义分析。结果显示，与对照组相比，感觉障碍参与者在所有知觉维度上的得分都显著高于对照组（p < 0.01），表明他们对声音的代偿反应更强。特定的声音，如炒菜和煮火锅，表现出特别强烈的唤起效果。语义分析显示，听觉关联与特定的食物和文化上熟悉的场景密切相关，突出了这些线索的情感嵌入性。这项研究表明，真实的食物声音可能是味道感知的有效替代品，提供了一个丰富的背景和情感共鸣的补偿途径。研究结果为“声音-风味训练集”的开发提供了理论支持，在包容性饮食设计和感官康复方面具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Determining neurophysiological responses to physical and moral disgust elicitors–A systematic literature review 确定对身体和道德厌恶诱发物的神经生理反应-系统的文献综述。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115172

Oliver Hawkins, Antonia Ypsilanti, Petra Examilioti

Disgust is a common basic emotion with evolutionary roots in helping to avoid contaminants and illness. Moral disgust, however, is often reported in response to witnessing a moral violation or social boundary being crossed. Previous research has sought to understand if moral disgust is its own emotional state which derives from the more basic physical disgust, or if it is a blend of different emotions. To elucidate this relationship further, this review sought to systematically evaluate the methods in which research which has measured either physical disgust or moral disgust responses and identify common and separate physiological and neurological markers of these emotions. The review highlights that whilst there are common markers shared between physical and moral disgust, that this commonality depends instead on the type of moral violation or physical disgust elicitor. It is suggested that physical core disgust, and bodily moral or purity disgust are closely related, whereas physical animal-reminder disgust and socio-moral violations might elicit responses similar to anger or fear. The review recommends important considerations for future investigation of moral emotions, and highlights how stringent control of disgust elicitors is necessary to accurately measure the physiological and neurological markers of different types of disgust. Furthermore, the review highlights how other important considerations such as intention behind a violation and differences in perceived severity of different types of violation.

厌恶是一种常见的基本情绪，其进化根源在于帮助人们避免污染和疾病。然而，道德厌恶通常是在目睹违反道德或跨越社会界限时发生的。之前的研究试图了解道德厌恶是源于更基本的身体厌恶的自己的情绪状态，还是不同情绪的混合。为了进一步阐明这种关系，本综述试图系统地评估研究中测量身体厌恶或道德厌恶反应的方法，并确定这些情绪的共同和单独的生理和神经标记。这篇综述强调，虽然身体厌恶和道德厌恶之间有共同的标志，但这种共性取决于道德侵犯的类型或身体厌恶的引发者。研究表明，身体上的核心厌恶和身体上的道德或纯粹厌恶密切相关，而身体上的动物提醒厌恶和社会道德违反可能引起类似愤怒或恐惧的反应。这篇综述为未来道德情绪的研究提出了重要的考虑因素，并强调了严格控制厌恶引发子对于准确测量不同类型厌恶的生理和神经标记是必要的。此外，审查强调了其他重要的考虑因素，如违法行为背后的意图和不同类型违法行为的严重程度的感知差异。

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引用次数: 0

Energetic costs related to isolation during dispersal in mole-rats, a laboratory approach 鼹鼠散布过程中与隔离有关的能量消耗，实验室方法。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115169

Jan Okrouhlík, Zuzana Vavrušková, Jiří Květoň, Radim Šumbera

Although natal dispersal in the animal kingdom is an important phenomenon, it is very difficult to study, especially in animals with cryptic lifestyles. We studied the social aspect of dispersal by experimentally separating non-breeding adult giant mole-rats (Fukomys mechowii) from their natal families. Before and after separation, we estimated physiological and behavioural parameters related to energetics. After six weeks of separation animals had 25 % higher resting metabolic rate (RMR) at thermoneutral 30 °C, 35 % higher daily energy expenditure (DEE) at 30 °C and 22 % higher DEE at the thermally challenging 20 °C. Body mass, digging metabolic rate (DMR), digging speed and resting body temperature were unchanged However, post-digging temperature increase was 25 % lower, digging cost 10 % lower, and the DMR/RMR ratio 19 % lower than before separation. The increase in RMR in separated animals may be caused by changes in metabolic pathways and/or body composition. The higher DEE in separated animals at both T_as was probably caused by an increase in locomotor activity accompanied by elevated RMR. The smaller change in body temperature during digging in separated animals indicates a lower probability of overheating during this energy consuming activity while a lower digging cost in separated animals indicates that lone animals dig their tunnels more effectively. Overall, experimental social isolation, though not a full replication of natural dispersal, provides a practical means to study aspects of dispersal in mammals with extremely elusive way of life.

虽然出生分散在动物界是一个重要的现象，但研究起来非常困难，特别是在生活方式隐秘的动物中。本研究通过实验将未繁殖的成年巨鼹鼠从其出生家庭中分离出来，研究了巨鼹鼠分散的社会方面。在分离前后，我们估计了与能量学相关的生理和行为参数。分离6周后，动物在热中性30°C下的静息代谢率（RMR）提高了25%，在30°C下的日能量消耗（DEE）提高了35%，在热挑战性20°C下的DEE提高了22%。体质量、挖掘代谢率（DMR）、挖掘速度和静息体温不变，但与分离前相比，挖掘后温度升高降低25%，挖掘成本降低10%，DMR/RMR比降低19%。在分离的动物中，RMR的增加可能是由代谢途径和/或身体成分的变化引起的。在两个时间段分离的动物中较高的DEE可能是由于运动活动增加伴随RMR升高引起的。分开的动物在挖掘时体温变化较小，表明在这种消耗能量的活动中过热的可能性较低，而分开的动物挖掘成本较低，表明单独的动物挖掘隧道更有效。总的来说，实验性的社会隔离虽然不是自然扩散的完全复制，但为研究具有极其难以捉摸的生活方式的哺乳动物扩散的各个方面提供了一种实用的手段。

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引用次数: 0

Impulsivity and antisocial behavior in sports: the moderating role of self-control 运动中的冲动性与反社会行为：自我控制的调节作用。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115158

Congsheng Lu, Shi Bing

Impulsivity, often defined as the propensity to act hastily without thoroughly weighing the consequences, is a recognized contributor to antisocial behavior. However, the mechanisms that might mitigate the influence of impulsivity on antisocial tendencies remain unclear. Across two studies, we tested the proposition that self-control moderates this relationship, such that high levels of self-control diminish the connection between impulsivity and antisocial behavior. Study 1, a cross-sectional analysis with 225 professional basketball players, and Study 2, a six-month longitudinal study with 349 professional athletes from various sports, provided evidence supporting this hypothesis. Specifically, the link between impulsivity and antisocial behavior was either negligible (Study 1) or significantly reduced (Study 2) in the presence of stronger self-control. The findings suggest the value of integrating self-control techniques in physical activity contexts to potentially curb antisocial behavior.

冲动性，通常被定义为不考虑后果而匆忙行动的倾向，是公认的反社会行为的贡献者。然而，可能减轻冲动性对反社会倾向影响的机制尚不清楚。在两项研究中，我们测试了自我控制调节这种关系的命题，即高水平的自我控制减少了冲动和反社会行为之间的联系。研究1对225名职业篮球运动员进行了横断面分析，研究2对来自不同运动项目的349名职业运动员进行了为期6个月的纵向研究，提供了支持这一假设的证据。具体来说，冲动和反社会行为之间的联系要么可以忽略不计（研究1），要么在更强的自我控制存在时显著降低（研究2）。研究结果表明，将自我控制技术整合到体育活动中，可能会抑制反社会行为。

引用次数: 0

Rising TRPV4 expression in the central nucleus of amygdala is involved in tooth movement pain 杏仁核中央核TRPV4表达升高与牙齿运动痛有关。

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q2 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Physiology & Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.115159

Rui Wang , Dan Fang , Yuxin Kang , Weining Wang , Yutong Guo , Haiyang Kang , Jinkun Fan , Shuoshuo Yin , Yuanzhan Deng , Zhiping Hu , Hu Qiao , Shuang Wang

Pain is the most common adverse effect of orthodontic treatment. Transient receptor potential vanilla-like protein 4 (TRPV4) plays an important role in pain regulation, and central amygdala (CeA) is also an important nuclear mass in pain regulation, but there is a paucity of literature on the roles of TRPV4 in CeA on tooth movement pain. C57BL/6 J mice were divided into control group, 0 g group and 30 g group. After establishing the experimental tooth movement model, behavioral tests were first performed, which showed that pain behavior peaked on day 1 and then dropped to baseline on day 7. The 30 g group developed anxiety-like behavior after 14 days of application, and the degree increased over time. In addition, immunofluorescence staining and western blot was performed on CeA tissues. The results showed that tooth movement significantly increased the fluorescence intensity of TRPV4 and protein expression of TRPV4, NLRP3, P65 and the phosphorylation of P65 proteins in CeA. Administration of TRPV4 antagonists in CeA through intraperitoneal injection effectively alleviated tooth movement induced pain and anxiety-like behaviors. This suggests that TRPV4 within CeA may mediate the regulation of tooth movement pain through NLRP3-NF-κB signaling pathway, which not only clarify the mechanism of CeA regulating tooth movement pain, but also help regulating tooth movement pain precisely.

疼痛是正畸治疗最常见的不良反应。瞬时受体电位香草样蛋白4 （Transient receptor potential vanilla-like protein 4, TRPV4）在疼痛调节中起重要作用，中央杏仁核（central amygdala, CeA）也是疼痛调节的重要核团，但关于CeA中TRPV4在牙齿运动痛中的作用的文献较少。将C57BL/6J小鼠分为对照组、0 g组和30 g组。建立实验牙齿运动模型后，首先进行行为测试，疼痛行为在第1天达到峰值，第7天降至基线。30 g组在使用14天后出现了类似焦虑的行为，并且程度随着时间的推移而增加。同时对CeA组织进行免疫荧光染色和western blot。结果显示，牙齿运动显著增加了CeA中TRPV4的荧光强度和TRPV4、NLRP3、P65蛋白的表达以及P65蛋白的磷酸化。腹腔注射TRPV4拮抗剂可有效缓解牙齿运动引起的疼痛和焦虑样行为。提示CeA内的TRPV4可能通过NLRP3-NF-κB信号通路介导牙齿运动痛的调节，不仅阐明了CeA调节牙齿运动痛的机制，而且有助于精确调节牙齿运动痛。

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