M. Atiq, Maryam Ashraf, N. Rajput, S. T. Sahi, A. Akram, M. Usman, S. Iqbal, Ahmad Nawaz, A. M. Arif, Abuzar Hasnain
Bacterial canker of tomato is the most damaging one and is responsible for causing 70% yield losses each year. Green synthesis of nanoparticles has ushered in a new research field known as green nanotechnology and has emerged as vital tool for the management of plant diseases. In comparison to other conventional techniques, green synthesis of various nanoparticles was found to be eco-friendly, low-cost and profitable resulting in more stable synthesized materials. In present research, zinc and silver nanoparticles were synthesized and their antibacterial potential was evaluated alone and in combination against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis under lab and field conditions. In lab experiment, combination of Zinc and Silver NPs proved to be the most effective showing maximum inhibition zone (27.449 mm) followed by Zinc (19.50 mm), and Silver (16.21 mm). Similarly, in the field experiment combination of Ag+Zn NPs proved effective with minimum disease incidence (6.10%) followed by Zinc (10.15%) and Silver NPs (22.40%) as compared to the control.
{"title":"Determination of Bactericidal Potential of Green Based Silver and Zinc Nanoparticles against Bacterial Canker of Tomato","authors":"M. Atiq, Maryam Ashraf, N. Rajput, S. T. Sahi, A. Akram, M. Usman, S. Iqbal, Ahmad Nawaz, A. M. Arif, Abuzar Hasnain","doi":"10.33804/pp.006.03.4318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33804/pp.006.03.4318","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial canker of tomato is the most damaging one and is responsible for causing 70% yield losses each year. Green synthesis of nanoparticles has ushered in a new research field known as green nanotechnology and has emerged as vital tool for the management of plant diseases. In comparison to other conventional techniques, green synthesis of various nanoparticles was found to be eco-friendly, low-cost and profitable resulting in more stable synthesized materials. In present research, zinc and silver nanoparticles were synthesized and their antibacterial potential was evaluated alone and in combination against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis under lab and field conditions. In lab experiment, combination of Zinc and Silver NPs proved to be the most effective showing maximum inhibition zone (27.449 mm) followed by Zinc (19.50 mm), and Silver (16.21 mm). Similarly, in the field experiment combination of Ag+Zn NPs proved effective with minimum disease incidence (6.10%) followed by Zinc (10.15%) and Silver NPs (22.40%) as compared to the control.","PeriodicalId":20213,"journal":{"name":"Plant protection science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73466291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Macrophomina phaseolina is a highly problematic fungus that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species. In order to search for an alternative to chemical fungicides for the control of this devastating pathogen, leaf extract of Tabernaemontana divaricata was assessed for the control of M. phaseolina. Five concentrations of leaf extract in methanol viz. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% (w/v), were checked against M. phaseolina. All these concentrations significantly suppressed the fungal growth resulting in 34–74% decreased biomass of M. phaseolina over control. GC-MS analysis of this extract showed the presence of 54 compounds. Squalene was the predominant compound with 24.11% peak area followed by vitamin E (8.96%). Other important compounds were hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester (6.21%), thiophene, tetrahydro-2-methyl- (5.68%), cyclopentanol (5.61%), neophytadiene (6.25%), 1-tert-butoxypropan-2-yl 2-methylbutanoate (6.03%), ibogamine-18-carboxylic acid, 12-methoxy-, methyl ester (2.95%), phytol (2.26%), and n-hexadecanoic acid (2.20%). Some of these major compounds might be responsible for antifungal property of methanolic leaf extract of T. divaricata against M. phaseolina.
{"title":"Chemical Profile and Antifungal Activity of Leaf Extract of Tabernaemontana divaricata against Macrophomina phaseolina","authors":"A. Javaid, Iqra Khan","doi":"10.33804/pp.006.03.4332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33804/pp.006.03.4332","url":null,"abstract":"Macrophomina phaseolina is a highly problematic fungus that causes diseases in hundreds of plant species. In order to search for an alternative to chemical fungicides for the control of this devastating pathogen, leaf extract of Tabernaemontana divaricata was assessed for the control of M. phaseolina. Five concentrations of leaf extract in methanol viz. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% (w/v), were checked against M. phaseolina. All these concentrations significantly suppressed the fungal growth resulting in 34–74% decreased biomass of M. phaseolina over control. GC-MS analysis of this extract showed the presence of 54 compounds. Squalene was the predominant compound with 24.11% peak area followed by vitamin E (8.96%). Other important compounds were hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl ester (6.21%), thiophene, tetrahydro-2-methyl- (5.68%), cyclopentanol (5.61%), neophytadiene (6.25%), 1-tert-butoxypropan-2-yl 2-methylbutanoate (6.03%), ibogamine-18-carboxylic acid, 12-methoxy-, methyl ester (2.95%), phytol (2.26%), and n-hexadecanoic acid (2.20%). Some of these major compounds might be responsible for antifungal property of methanolic leaf extract of T. divaricata against M. phaseolina.","PeriodicalId":20213,"journal":{"name":"Plant protection science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74000548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda is a polyphagous and economically important insect pest originated from tropical and sub-tropical parts of America. Being a strong flier, climatic adaptation and large host range makes it a serious threat to food security. It is responsible for high economic losses in many cash crops, vegetables and cereals. The overreliance and overuse of pesticides for the management of FAW posed many problems including insecticide resistance, resurgence of insect pests, biotype development and environmental hazards. To combat these problems, the most important alternative is the use of green synthesis nanoparticles and biocontrol agents which have been proven as eco-friendly technology for pest control. The current study was, therefore, planned to evaluate the toxicity of different plant based synthetic nanoparticles and biocontrol agent (Trichogramma spp.) against fall armyworm. Silver nanoparticles of neem resulted in the highest (83%) and the lowest (40%) mortality of 2nd instar larvae of FAW. However, the highest mortality due to silver nanoparticles of tobacco, onion, mint, ginger and datura was observed as 86%, 63%, 76%, 63% and 73% while the lowest mortality was 30%, 33%, 30%, 23% and 16% respectively. In view of the current findings nanoparticles of datura and neem could be recommended as potential bio-based chemicals for the control of S. frugiperda.
{"title":"Management of Fall Army Worm of Maize, Spodoptera frugiperda, with Green Synthesis Silver Nanoparticles","authors":"Ahmad Hassan Tahir, M. Tariq, Muhammad Shehzad","doi":"10.33804/pp.006.03.4294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33804/pp.006.03.4294","url":null,"abstract":"The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda is a polyphagous and economically important insect pest originated from tropical and sub-tropical parts of America. Being a strong flier, climatic adaptation and large host range makes it a serious threat to food security. It is responsible for high economic losses in many cash crops, vegetables and cereals. The overreliance and overuse of pesticides for the management of FAW posed many problems including insecticide resistance, resurgence of insect pests, biotype development and environmental hazards. To combat these problems, the most important alternative is the use of green synthesis nanoparticles and biocontrol agents which have been proven as eco-friendly technology for pest control. The current study was, therefore, planned to evaluate the toxicity of different plant based synthetic nanoparticles and biocontrol agent (Trichogramma spp.) against fall armyworm. Silver nanoparticles of neem resulted in the highest (83%) and the lowest (40%) mortality of 2nd instar larvae of FAW. However, the highest mortality due to silver nanoparticles of tobacco, onion, mint, ginger and datura was observed as 86%, 63%, 76%, 63% and 73% while the lowest mortality was 30%, 33%, 30%, 23% and 16% respectively. In view of the current findings nanoparticles of datura and neem could be recommended as potential bio-based chemicals for the control of S. frugiperda.","PeriodicalId":20213,"journal":{"name":"Plant protection science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85287868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahbaz Ahmad, R. Zafar, Iqra Khan, A. Javaid, A. Intisar
The leaves of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) were extracted in ethanol and toxicity of the extract was examined on khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts) larvae. Four concentrations (2, 4, 6 and 8 µL mL-1 acetone) were applied directly on the larvae in Petri dishes. Toxicity was recorded after 12, 24 and 36 h. All the concentrations had considerable effect on the mortality of larvae. At the highest concentration (8 µL mL-1), the mortality observed was 57%, 72% and 78% after 12, 24 and 36 h, respectively. The minimum mortality was observed to be 43% at the concentration of 2 µL mL-1 acetone after 12 h. GC-MS analysis of the parthenium leaves showed 7 compounds in the extract including phytol (38.68%), β-cubebene (11.98%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (11.22%), caryophyllene (10.37%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- (9.98%), methyl stearate (9.01%), and hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (8.74%). The study concluded that an extract of 8 µL mL-1 acetone concentration is highly effective against larvae of khapra beetles that can cause 78% mortality after 36 h of direct exposure to the larvae.
{"title":"Assessment of Toxicity of Parthenium hysterophorus L. Extract against Larvae of Trogoderma granarium","authors":"Shahbaz Ahmad, R. Zafar, Iqra Khan, A. Javaid, A. Intisar","doi":"10.33804/pp.006.03.4350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33804/pp.006.03.4350","url":null,"abstract":"The leaves of parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) were extracted in ethanol and toxicity of the extract was examined on khapra beetle (Trogoderma granarium Everts) larvae. Four concentrations (2, 4, 6 and 8 µL mL-1 acetone) were applied directly on the larvae in Petri dishes. Toxicity was recorded after 12, 24 and 36 h. All the concentrations had considerable effect on the mortality of larvae. At the highest concentration (8 µL mL-1), the mortality observed was 57%, 72% and 78% after 12, 24 and 36 h, respectively. The minimum mortality was observed to be 43% at the concentration of 2 µL mL-1 acetone after 12 h. GC-MS analysis of the parthenium leaves showed 7 compounds in the extract including phytol (38.68%), β-cubebene (11.98%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (11.22%), caryophyllene (10.37%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- (9.98%), methyl stearate (9.01%), and hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (8.74%). The study concluded that an extract of 8 µL mL-1 acetone concentration is highly effective against larvae of khapra beetles that can cause 78% mortality after 36 h of direct exposure to the larvae.","PeriodicalId":20213,"journal":{"name":"Plant protection science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86505672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mateen, M. A. Mehmood, M. Ashfaq, Abubakar Saddique, R. Binyamin, M. M. Ahmed, Hafiz Hamza Naeem
Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) belongs to the solanaceae family. It is a major vegetable crop grown on a wide scale in Asia. Nearly 20% of Pakistan's total vegetable producing land is utilized for cultivating chili. Various plant pathogens including viruses, fungi, bacteria and nematodes are responsible for causing diseases in chili crop. Among fungal diseases, root rot is an important fungal disease which is caused by Rhizoctonia solani. In the present study, a survey of different localities of Multan district were conducted and plants with prominent root rot symptoms were collected and subjected to characterization. Moreover, the disease incidence and prevalence was calculated in surveyed localities. Highest disease incidence i.e. 20.77% was evident in samples collected from Tatay Pur and the lowest disease incidence (7.59%) was observed in samples of Suraj Miani. Morphological identification of root rot samples was carried out based on growth, shape, color, and hyphae structure and confirmed the association of R. solani. Koch’s postulates were confirmed after pathogenicity test which was accomplished by stem application method. About 10 rhizobacteria were isolated from rhizospheric soils of healthy plants and dual culture technique was used to manage the R. solani mycelial growth under in vitro conditions. Our results revealed that rhizobacteria 7 (RB7) exhibited the highest inhibition percentage 54.81% while the lowest inhibition percentage i.e. 40% was evident using rhizobacteria 4 (RB4) compared to control. This study helped us to provide the alternatives to the chemical fungicides that could be explored under field conditions against root rot disease as they are ecofriendly and has less impact to the human life.
{"title":"Management of Chili Root Rot Pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani, with Potential Rhizobacteria","authors":"A. Mateen, M. A. Mehmood, M. Ashfaq, Abubakar Saddique, R. Binyamin, M. M. Ahmed, Hafiz Hamza Naeem","doi":"10.33804/pp.006.03.4378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33804/pp.006.03.4378","url":null,"abstract":"Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) belongs to the solanaceae family. It is a major vegetable crop grown on a wide scale in Asia. Nearly 20% of Pakistan's total vegetable producing land is utilized for cultivating chili. Various plant pathogens including viruses, fungi, bacteria and nematodes are responsible for causing diseases in chili crop. Among fungal diseases, root rot is an important fungal disease which is caused by Rhizoctonia solani. In the present study, a survey of different localities of Multan district were conducted and plants with prominent root rot symptoms were collected and subjected to characterization. Moreover, the disease incidence and prevalence was calculated in surveyed localities. Highest disease incidence i.e. 20.77% was evident in samples collected from Tatay Pur and the lowest disease incidence (7.59%) was observed in samples of Suraj Miani. Morphological identification of root rot samples was carried out based on growth, shape, color, and hyphae structure and confirmed the association of R. solani. Koch’s postulates were confirmed after pathogenicity test which was accomplished by stem application method. About 10 rhizobacteria were isolated from rhizospheric soils of healthy plants and dual culture technique was used to manage the R. solani mycelial growth under in vitro conditions. Our results revealed that rhizobacteria 7 (RB7) exhibited the highest inhibition percentage 54.81% while the lowest inhibition percentage i.e. 40% was evident using rhizobacteria 4 (RB4) compared to control. This study helped us to provide the alternatives to the chemical fungicides that could be explored under field conditions against root rot disease as they are ecofriendly and has less impact to the human life.","PeriodicalId":20213,"journal":{"name":"Plant protection science","volume":"70 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77181631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Delphastus pallidus (LeConte) is an important predatory beetle reported for effective control of whiteflies including Bemisia tabaci, Aleurotrachelus trachoides, Paraleyrodes bondari and Dialeurodes citrifolii. Many other members of genus Delphastus are well known predators of multiple whitefly species such as Delphastus catalinae (Horn). The members of this genus have predatory potential against all the stages of whitefly including eggs, nymphs and adults. This genus was reported in earlier 1950s from Florida on citrus whitefly. The later studies have reported it from Beach and the Mims areas in 1951, Indian Rocks Lake Alfred areas in 1953. It was not reported against cotton whitefly from anywhere of Pakistan. The Pest Warning Quality Control of Pesticides, Punjab team Multan reported it from cotton fields. Samples were collected and got identified from the Department of Entomology, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan. After morphological and taxonomic identification, it was identified as Whitefly Predatory Beetle, Delphastus pallidus (LeConte) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Extensive surveys during the 3rd week of August 2022 reported its presence in 15 tehsils of cotton zone, South Punjab, Pakistan.
{"title":"First Report of an Alien Whitefly Predatory Beetle, Delphastus pallidus (LeConte) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from South Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"S. Hussain, Wali Muhammad","doi":"10.33804/pp.006.03.4404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33804/pp.006.03.4404","url":null,"abstract":"Delphastus pallidus (LeConte) is an important predatory beetle reported for effective control of whiteflies including Bemisia tabaci, Aleurotrachelus trachoides, Paraleyrodes bondari and Dialeurodes citrifolii. Many other members of genus Delphastus are well known predators of multiple whitefly species such as Delphastus catalinae (Horn). The members of this genus have predatory potential against all the stages of whitefly including eggs, nymphs and adults. This genus was reported in earlier 1950s from Florida on citrus whitefly. The later studies have reported it from Beach and the Mims areas in 1951, Indian Rocks Lake Alfred areas in 1953. It was not reported against cotton whitefly from anywhere of Pakistan. The Pest Warning Quality Control of Pesticides, Punjab team Multan reported it from cotton fields. Samples were collected and got identified from the Department of Entomology, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan. After morphological and taxonomic identification, it was identified as Whitefly Predatory Beetle, Delphastus pallidus (LeConte) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Extensive surveys during the 3rd week of August 2022 reported its presence in 15 tehsils of cotton zone, South Punjab, Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":20213,"journal":{"name":"Plant protection science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90073793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Anwar, S. Javed, Farman Ahmad, A. Akhter, H. Khan, M. S. Haider, R. Kalsoom
Cotton is grown all over the world including Asian countries. Severe foliar disease symptoms were observed on cotton in fields from different districts of cotton zone of the province of Punjab, Pakistan. Infected plant leaves were sampled from various areas and processed for the isolation of the causal organism. Fungal isolates were identified morphologically. The conidia of the fungus were observed oblong to ellipsoid, hyaline, and aseptate, but occasionally 1-septate with dimensions ranging from 2.7 to 7.8 × 1.6 to 3.5 μm. A total of two isolates were characterized further for genetic diversity. Both the isolates showed moderate reactions to the NaOH test for E metabolite. The pathogen was morphologically identified as Boeremia exigua. Further, the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and TUB gene of the fungal isolates were amplified and analyzed. The sequence of partial ITS and TUB showed 99% homology with the isolates of B. exigua. The pathogenicity test was performed on three months old cotton plants by using two isolates of B. exigua. After 15 days of inoculation, necrotic spots started developing on the leaves that were very similar to those observed in the field. The fungal pathogen was re-isolated from the leaves of all the inoculated plants, identified morphologically following Koch's postulates. This disease might be a potential threat to cotton production in Pakistan in the future. However, further studies are required to know the virulence, behavior, alternate hosts, and spreading nature of the pathogen.
{"title":"Boeremia Exigua Leaf Spot: A New Emerging Threat to Gossypium hirsutum L. in Pakistan","authors":"W. Anwar, S. Javed, Farman Ahmad, A. Akhter, H. Khan, M. S. Haider, R. Kalsoom","doi":"10.33804/pp.006.03.4275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33804/pp.006.03.4275","url":null,"abstract":"Cotton is grown all over the world including Asian countries. Severe foliar disease symptoms were observed on cotton in fields from different districts of cotton zone of the province of Punjab, Pakistan. Infected plant leaves were sampled from various areas and processed for the isolation of the causal organism. Fungal isolates were identified morphologically. The conidia of the fungus were observed oblong to ellipsoid, hyaline, and aseptate, but occasionally 1-septate with dimensions ranging from 2.7 to 7.8 × 1.6 to 3.5 μm. A total of two isolates were characterized further for genetic diversity. Both the isolates showed moderate reactions to the NaOH test for E metabolite. The pathogen was morphologically identified as Boeremia exigua. Further, the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and TUB gene of the fungal isolates were amplified and analyzed. The sequence of partial ITS and TUB showed 99% homology with the isolates of B. exigua. The pathogenicity test was performed on three months old cotton plants by using two isolates of B. exigua. After 15 days of inoculation, necrotic spots started developing on the leaves that were very similar to those observed in the field. The fungal pathogen was re-isolated from the leaves of all the inoculated plants, identified morphologically following Koch's postulates. This disease might be a potential threat to cotton production in Pakistan in the future. However, further studies are required to know the virulence, behavior, alternate hosts, and spreading nature of the pathogen.","PeriodicalId":20213,"journal":{"name":"Plant protection science","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80169741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.47612/0135-3705-2022-46-103-110
V. S. Komardina, E. V. Vasekha, R. I. Pleskatsevich
In this article, the results of the researches carried out in 2019-2022, based on the monitoring of apple scab agent resistance to kresoxim-methyl in commercial orchards of the republic are presented. The influence of 3-time applications of monocomponent and combined fungicides from strobilurin group on sensitivity of V. inaequalis fungus to kresoxim-methyl and their biological efficacy in apple scab control have been assessed.
{"title":"SENSITIVITY OF THE CAUSAL AGENT OF APPLE SCAB VENTURIA INAEQUALIS FUNGUS TO KRESOXIM-METHYL IN COMMERCIAL ORCHARDS OF BELARUS","authors":"V. S. Komardina, E. V. Vasekha, R. I. Pleskatsevich","doi":"10.47612/0135-3705-2022-46-103-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47612/0135-3705-2022-46-103-110","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the results of the researches carried out in 2019-2022, based on the monitoring of apple scab agent resistance to kresoxim-methyl in commercial orchards of the republic are presented. The influence of 3-time applications of monocomponent and combined fungicides from strobilurin group on sensitivity of V. inaequalis fungus to kresoxim-methyl and their biological efficacy in apple scab control have been assessed.","PeriodicalId":20213,"journal":{"name":"Plant protection science","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85698072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.47612/0135-3705-2022-46-193-205
A. V. Bykovskaya, S. V. Boiko
The paper presents the analysis of foreign, Russian and national publications about pests of millet crops during their vegetation. Pests belonging to different families and orders dominate globally and damage millet crops during the whole period of their development: sprouts, vegetative (leaves and stalks) and generative organs. It’s established that corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) is the most dangerous phytophage of common millet and African millet in Belarus. In 2021 the damage caused by corn borer to crops at the milk-dough stage was 87,5–90,0 % and 15,0–34,0 % respectively.
{"title":"ABOUT MILLET CROPS PESTS (LITERATURE REVIEW)","authors":"A. V. Bykovskaya, S. V. Boiko","doi":"10.47612/0135-3705-2022-46-193-205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47612/0135-3705-2022-46-193-205","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the analysis of foreign, Russian and national publications about pests of millet crops during their vegetation. Pests belonging to different families and orders dominate globally and damage millet crops during the whole period of their development: sprouts, vegetative (leaves and stalks) and generative organs. It’s established that corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) is the most dangerous phytophage of common millet and African millet in Belarus. In 2021 the damage caused by corn borer to crops at the milk-dough stage was 87,5–90,0 % and 15,0–34,0 % respectively.","PeriodicalId":20213,"journal":{"name":"Plant protection science","volume":"227 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82339455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.47612/0135-3705-2022-46-43-48
R. V. Supranovich, E. Berlinchik, S. O. Moshtyl
The research on evaluating the biological efficiency of Lifeline, WS herbicide (glufosinate ammonium, 280 g/l), UPL Holdings Ltd, the Netherlands, was carried out in the field experiments in near trunk lanes of the apple garden. It’s established that Lifeline, WS with a three time application to fruit plants in a dose of 1,1 and 1,8 l/ha showed a high biological efficiency against perennial and annual weeds (100 %). By the time of harvesting near trunk lanes of the garden were free of weed plants, which was very important for harvesting. On the basis of the obtained data Lifeline, WS (glufosinate ammonium, 280 g/l) was included in the State List of Plant Protection Means and Fertilizers Approved for Use in the Republic of Belarus.
{"title":"EFFICIENCY OF LIFILINE, WS HERBICIDE IN NEAR TRUNK LANES OF THE GARDEN","authors":"R. V. Supranovich, E. Berlinchik, S. O. Moshtyl","doi":"10.47612/0135-3705-2022-46-43-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47612/0135-3705-2022-46-43-48","url":null,"abstract":"The research on evaluating the biological efficiency of Lifeline, WS herbicide (glufosinate ammonium, 280 g/l), UPL Holdings Ltd, the Netherlands, was carried out in the field experiments in near trunk lanes of the apple garden. \u0000It’s established that Lifeline, WS with a three time application to fruit plants in a dose of 1,1 and 1,8 l/ha showed a high biological efficiency against perennial and annual weeds (100 %). By the time of harvesting near trunk lanes of the garden were free of weed plants, which was very important for harvesting. \u0000On the basis of the obtained data Lifeline, WS (glufosinate ammonium, 280 g/l) was included in the State List of Plant Protection Means and Fertilizers Approved for Use in the Republic of Belarus.","PeriodicalId":20213,"journal":{"name":"Plant protection science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73031381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：