Pub Date : 2019-06-06DOI: 10.1039/9781788012997-00339
T. Robert
A higher legislative burden, resource scarcity and an increasing environmental awareness throughout the population have resulted in a growing demand for more sustainable products. This is also true for the printing industry. As a result, many printing ink manufacturers have shifted to more environmentally friendly inks. Thus, water-based and UV-curing systems have already started to replace solvent-based inks, which leads to a reduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released during the printing processes. In addition, the use of bio-based monomers as building blocks for printing ink is further increasing. Besides the traditionally used vegetable oils, cellulose derivatives, and rosin, new bio-based compounds are being utilized in this field to replace petrochemical ink ingredients, such as polymeric binders, solvents, and additives. This chapter gives an overview of the developments in the field of printing inks derived from renewable materials, discusses advantages and drawbacks of the systems described and addresses problems unsolved so far.
{"title":"CHAPTER 14. Printing Inks From Renewable Resources","authors":"T. Robert","doi":"10.1039/9781788012997-00339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788012997-00339","url":null,"abstract":"A higher legislative burden, resource scarcity and an increasing environmental awareness throughout the population have resulted in a growing demand for more sustainable products. This is also true for the printing industry. As a result, many printing ink manufacturers have shifted to more environmentally friendly inks. Thus, water-based and UV-curing systems have already started to replace solvent-based inks, which leads to a reduction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released during the printing processes. In addition, the use of bio-based monomers as building blocks for printing ink is further increasing. Besides the traditionally used vegetable oils, cellulose derivatives, and rosin, new bio-based compounds are being utilized in this field to replace petrochemical ink ingredients, such as polymeric binders, solvents, and additives. This chapter gives an overview of the developments in the field of printing inks derived from renewable materials, discusses advantages and drawbacks of the systems described and addresses problems unsolved so far.","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114752865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-06DOI: 10.1039/9781788012997-00310
Nicolas Schüwer, Reichard Vendamme
The chapter provides an outlook for debondable adhesive systems, i.e. a bonding formulation wherein the degree of adhesion can be reversibly or irreversibly decreased in a selective manner. The technologies reviewed are presented from a user perspective and arranged by the external stimulus required to change the stickiness of adhesive coatings. Both fundamental research and commercial products are discussed within this section.
{"title":"CHAPTER 13. Debondable Adhesive Systems","authors":"Nicolas Schüwer, Reichard Vendamme","doi":"10.1039/9781788012997-00310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788012997-00310","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter provides an outlook for debondable adhesive systems, i.e. a bonding formulation wherein the degree of adhesion can be reversibly or irreversibly decreased in a selective manner. The technologies reviewed are presented from a user perspective and arranged by the external stimulus required to change the stickiness of adhesive coatings. Both fundamental research and commercial products are discussed within this section.","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134208968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-06DOI: 10.1039/9781788012997-00018
Steven Abbott, S. Shimizu
Much of the science behind adhesion, adhesives and coatings involves solvency and compatibility. Naive attempts to introduce greener alternatives can prove to be the opposite of sustainable: precious resources such as time, energy and chemicals can be wasted if solvency and compatibility are not controlled rationally. In this chapter, three solubility tools are used to show how it is possible to make rational progress towards greener formulations (“green” is used as a vague generic word covering “sustainable”, “planet-saving” etc.) using the solid foundations of thermodynamics to avoid approaches that are guaranteed to fail. The three approaches are outlined in principle then explored in practice, with cautionary tales of the unnecessary wastefulness of many so-called green projects, along with specific examples of how the three tools can be used to avoid such wastefulness. The approach adopted here suggests a 13th principle of green chemistry: “Just because something sounds green doesn't mean that it is green.” In other words, if there are scientific tools that can be used to arrive more quickly at a sound, green, solution (and to avoid spending resources on unsound approaches) then it is un-green not to use them.
{"title":"CHAPTER 2. Green Solubility for Coatings and Adhesives","authors":"Steven Abbott, S. Shimizu","doi":"10.1039/9781788012997-00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788012997-00018","url":null,"abstract":"Much of the science behind adhesion, adhesives and coatings involves solvency and compatibility. Naive attempts to introduce greener alternatives can prove to be the opposite of sustainable: precious resources such as time, energy and chemicals can be wasted if solvency and compatibility are not controlled rationally. In this chapter, three solubility tools are used to show how it is possible to make rational progress towards greener formulations (“green” is used as a vague generic word covering “sustainable”, “planet-saving” etc.) using the solid foundations of thermodynamics to avoid approaches that are guaranteed to fail. The three approaches are outlined in principle then explored in practice, with cautionary tales of the unnecessary wastefulness of many so-called green projects, along with specific examples of how the three tools can be used to avoid such wastefulness. The approach adopted here suggests a 13th principle of green chemistry: “Just because something sounds green doesn't mean that it is green.” In other words, if there are scientific tools that can be used to arrive more quickly at a sound, green, solution (and to avoid spending resources on unsound approaches) then it is un-green not to use them.","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121963708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-06DOI: 10.1039/9781788012997-00368
Hui Zhang, M. Yang, M. Bhuiyan, Jesse Zhu
This chapter introduces automotive OEM coating systems with a focus on powder coatings. Driven by more stringent environmental regulations, the world powder coating demand is projected to grow from $7.5 billion in 2014 to $11.0 billion in 2020, at a CAGR of 6.8% between 2015 and 2020. In addition, the global quantity was 2 045 000 tons in 2014. The growth of powder coatings is outpacing conventional solvent-borne liquid coatings, as powder coatings exhibit significant economic and environmental benefits comparatively. Powder coatings have been successfully implemented as a primer-surfacer and clearcoat on car bodies. They are also used extensively for under-hood and underbody components. Innovative techniques have been invented to overcome the shortcomings of powder coatings such as high film thickness and inferior visual appearance. One example of such endeavors is the incorporation of nano-sized additives as spacers to improve the flow behavior of ultra-fine powder coatings. As heat sensitive plastic or composite parts have been increasingly employed in the automotive industry, UV curable powder coatings have significantly reduced heating temperature and boosted production rate thanks to the rapid curing process. Waterborne liquid coatings for automotive uses are also discussed as a comparison. Waterborne coatings enable substantial energy savings by a compact process, namely wet-on-wet spray, which eliminates high-temperature baking between coats of primer-surfacer, basecoat, and clearcoat. Volatile organic compound (VOC) emission is also significantly reduced by this technology. Powder coatings and waterborne liquid coatings are still evolving and competing, both leading to greater cost-saving, lower energy consumption and less pollution. The goal of future development might be a complete powder coating system of primer-surfacer, basecoat and topcoat due to its ecological benefit.
{"title":"CHAPTER 15. Green Chemistry for Automotive Coatings: Sustainable Applications","authors":"Hui Zhang, M. Yang, M. Bhuiyan, Jesse Zhu","doi":"10.1039/9781788012997-00368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788012997-00368","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter introduces automotive OEM coating systems with a focus on powder coatings. Driven by more stringent environmental regulations, the world powder coating demand is projected to grow from $7.5 billion in 2014 to $11.0 billion in 2020, at a CAGR of 6.8% between 2015 and 2020. In addition, the global quantity was 2 045 000 tons in 2014. The growth of powder coatings is outpacing conventional solvent-borne liquid coatings, as powder coatings exhibit significant economic and environmental benefits comparatively. Powder coatings have been successfully implemented as a primer-surfacer and clearcoat on car bodies. They are also used extensively for under-hood and underbody components. Innovative techniques have been invented to overcome the shortcomings of powder coatings such as high film thickness and inferior visual appearance. One example of such endeavors is the incorporation of nano-sized additives as spacers to improve the flow behavior of ultra-fine powder coatings. As heat sensitive plastic or composite parts have been increasingly employed in the automotive industry, UV curable powder coatings have significantly reduced heating temperature and boosted production rate thanks to the rapid curing process. Waterborne liquid coatings for automotive uses are also discussed as a comparison. Waterborne coatings enable substantial energy savings by a compact process, namely wet-on-wet spray, which eliminates high-temperature baking between coats of primer-surfacer, basecoat, and clearcoat. Volatile organic compound (VOC) emission is also significantly reduced by this technology. Powder coatings and waterborne liquid coatings are still evolving and competing, both leading to greater cost-saving, lower energy consumption and less pollution. The goal of future development might be a complete powder coating system of primer-surfacer, basecoat and topcoat due to its ecological benefit.","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115142901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-06DOI: 10.1039/9781788012997-00049
K. Kamino
Biological adhesion occurs in various circumstances. Differences of sessile organisms in size, shape, physiology, lifecycle, living environment, and phylogenic relationship would have different design implications in their adhesives, and the structures and mechanisms have yet to be properly unraveled at the molecular level. This chapter focused on the structure and mechanism of underwater adhesion and adhesives of three representative aquatic organisms, barnacle, mussel and tube worm, and the conceptual gap between chemical synthetic adhesives and bio-molecular ones was discussed. Collectively, it was proposed that the combination of unraveling the natural system and the design of analogous protein/peptide-based materials may eventually fill the gap between bio-molecular materials and synthetic chemical polymers.
{"title":"CHAPTER 3. Diversified Biological Adhesives and Their Differences with Synthetic Polymers","authors":"K. Kamino","doi":"10.1039/9781788012997-00049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788012997-00049","url":null,"abstract":"Biological adhesion occurs in various circumstances. Differences of sessile organisms in size, shape, physiology, lifecycle, living environment, and phylogenic relationship would have different design implications in their adhesives, and the structures and mechanisms have yet to be properly unraveled at the molecular level. This chapter focused on the structure and mechanism of underwater adhesion and adhesives of three representative aquatic organisms, barnacle, mussel and tube worm, and the conceptual gap between chemical synthetic adhesives and bio-molecular ones was discussed. Collectively, it was proposed that the combination of unraveling the natural system and the design of analogous protein/peptide-based materials may eventually fill the gap between bio-molecular materials and synthetic chemical polymers.","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131263452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-06DOI: 10.1039/9781788012997-00001
A. Matharu, K. Lokesh
This chapter by way of an introduction gives a big picture overview of the importance of adhesives and sealants and the need for green chemistry. Global drivers for change are considered, which are inter-related to our need for materials but also the challenges of ‘doing the right thing’ for a sustainable 21st Century. The biobased adhesives and sealants market is growing commensurate with the need for more materials. More publications are now appearing in the literature with respect to biobased and renewable resources in the context of green chemistry. The latter is explored in this chapter, which defines the 12 principles and discusses green metrics and solvents. Green chemistry is linked to sustainability and the combination of the two often leads to life cycle assessment or analysis.
{"title":"CHAPTER 1. Green Chemistry Principles and Global Drivers for Sustainability – An Introduction","authors":"A. Matharu, K. Lokesh","doi":"10.1039/9781788012997-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788012997-00001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter by way of an introduction gives a big picture overview of the importance of adhesives and sealants and the need for green chemistry. Global drivers for change are considered, which are inter-related to our need for materials but also the challenges of ‘doing the right thing’ for a sustainable 21st Century. The biobased adhesives and sealants market is growing commensurate with the need for more materials. More publications are now appearing in the literature with respect to biobased and renewable resources in the context of green chemistry. The latter is explored in this chapter, which defines the 12 principles and discusses green metrics and solvents. Green chemistry is linked to sustainability and the combination of the two often leads to life cycle assessment or analysis.","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129000510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-06DOI: 10.1039/9781788012997-00260
F. Hapiot, E. Monflier
Natural oil polyols (NOPs) have emerged as a promising family of biosourced compounds with interesting properties for a wide range of applications. Their utilization has recently been of major concern as these polyols contain renewable raw materials regarded as more sustainable than petroleum based materials. NOPs with a high content of vegetable oil components feature the same range of properties and structural diversity as petroleum based polyols. In some cases, they even surpass petroleum based polyols. In the present chapter are summarized the most relevant advances of NOPs in the field of coatings, sealants, flooring, inks and adhesives. Once a clear view of the NOP market has been established, the different reaction pathways leading to the formation of NOPs from vegetable oils are detailed and commented on. The main pros and cons of NOPs derived from various naturally occurring vegetable oils as additives in coatings, sealants, flooring, inks and adhesives are then presented and discussed.
{"title":"CHAPTER 11. Natural Oil Polyols","authors":"F. Hapiot, E. Monflier","doi":"10.1039/9781788012997-00260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788012997-00260","url":null,"abstract":"Natural oil polyols (NOPs) have emerged as a promising family of biosourced compounds with interesting properties for a wide range of applications. Their utilization has recently been of major concern as these polyols contain renewable raw materials regarded as more sustainable than petroleum based materials. NOPs with a high content of vegetable oil components feature the same range of properties and structural diversity as petroleum based polyols. In some cases, they even surpass petroleum based polyols. In the present chapter are summarized the most relevant advances of NOPs in the field of coatings, sealants, flooring, inks and adhesives. Once a clear view of the NOP market has been established, the different reaction pathways leading to the formation of NOPs from vegetable oils are detailed and commented on. The main pros and cons of NOPs derived from various naturally occurring vegetable oils as additives in coatings, sealants, flooring, inks and adhesives are then presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128802468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-06DOI: 10.1039/9781788012997-00235
Jiarong Zhang, Zhanrong Zhang
Soy protein-based adhesives have received significant attention in order to (partially) substitute the widely used petroleum-derived adhesives, as it is renewable, environmentally friendly, widely available, easy to handle and process etc. Although some modified soy-protein-based adhesives are already commercially available, the market share is very small and the wide application of soy protein-based adhesives is hindered by some of its intrinsic properties such as low bonding strength and water resistance. In recent years, considerable efforts have been devoted to improving the adhesion properties and water resistance of soy protein-derived adhesives. This chapter briefly reviews recent developments and trends in the field of chemical modification of soy protein-based bio-adhesives for bonding of wood materials.
{"title":"CHAPTER 10. Soy Protein Based Bio-adhesives","authors":"Jiarong Zhang, Zhanrong Zhang","doi":"10.1039/9781788012997-00235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788012997-00235","url":null,"abstract":"Soy protein-based adhesives have received significant attention in order to (partially) substitute the widely used petroleum-derived adhesives, as it is renewable, environmentally friendly, widely available, easy to handle and process etc. Although some modified soy-protein-based adhesives are already commercially available, the market share is very small and the wide application of soy protein-based adhesives is hindered by some of its intrinsic properties such as low bonding strength and water resistance. In recent years, considerable efforts have been devoted to improving the adhesion properties and water resistance of soy protein-derived adhesives. This chapter briefly reviews recent developments and trends in the field of chemical modification of soy protein-based bio-adhesives for bonding of wood materials.","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127000989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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