Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1039/9781788016353-00315
Sophie A. Archer, A. Murray, J. Omajali, M. Paterson-Beedle, B. Sharma, J. Wood, L. Macaskie
For new technologies to become market competitors, they must operate substantially cheaper than their competitors or achieve outcomes that are difficult by current methods. Classical life cycle analysis (LCA) focuses on salient ecological impacts but bypasses key economic aspects and does not assign quantifiable benefits. This chapter factors in the benefits of environmental protection, reduced CO2 emissions, and the environmental impacts of oil extraction and fuel production using a well-to-gate (also known as cradle-to-gate) LCA, as well as the economics involving the mitigation of landfill gate fees for waste resources and social cost of carbon. The case histories evaluated involve catalysts bio-refined from wastes for application in cleaner extraction, upgrading, and processing of heavy fossil and pyrolysis bio-oils and comparisons to their commercial counterparts. Each case history material was analysed with a commercial catalyst and a bio-catalyst assessed as an alternative based on oil ratios (%eq. of g : g). Pyrolysis bio-oils from waste wood and algal sources were found to be upgradable successfully using both catalysts. They produce carbon-neutral fuels because of carbon sequestration during photosynthetic biomass growth, and the bacterial components supporting the catalyst become assimilated into the fuel.
{"title":"Chapter 13. Metallic Wastes into New Process Catalysts: Life Cycle and Environmental Benefits within Integrated Analyses Using Selected Case Histories","authors":"Sophie A. Archer, A. Murray, J. Omajali, M. Paterson-Beedle, B. Sharma, J. Wood, L. Macaskie","doi":"10.1039/9781788016353-00315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016353-00315","url":null,"abstract":"For new technologies to become market competitors, they must operate substantially cheaper than their competitors or achieve outcomes that are difficult by current methods. Classical life cycle analysis (LCA) focuses on salient ecological impacts but bypasses key economic aspects and does not assign quantifiable benefits. This chapter factors in the benefits of environmental protection, reduced CO2 emissions, and the environmental impacts of oil extraction and fuel production using a well-to-gate (also known as cradle-to-gate) LCA, as well as the economics involving the mitigation of landfill gate fees for waste resources and social cost of carbon. The case histories evaluated involve catalysts bio-refined from wastes for application in cleaner extraction, upgrading, and processing of heavy fossil and pyrolysis bio-oils and comparisons to their commercial counterparts. Each case history material was analysed with a commercial catalyst and a bio-catalyst assessed as an alternative based on oil ratios (%eq. of g : g). Pyrolysis bio-oils from waste wood and algal sources were found to be upgradable successfully using both catalysts. They produce carbon-neutral fuels because of carbon sequestration during photosynthetic biomass growth, and the bacterial components supporting the catalyst become assimilated into the fuel.","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132372582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1039/9781839164392-00031
{"title":"Chapter 2. In Silico Tools to Assess Chemical Hazard","authors":"","doi":"10.1039/9781839164392-00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781839164392-00031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125271777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1039/9781788016254-fp008
When I was asked by the publisher some time ago, whether I was willing to edit a book on Climate Change and Microbial Ecology, I agreed because I felt that it was timely to have a comprehensive overview on the advancements in this field. I thought that it was appropriate to summarize the current knowledge on how the microorganisms on earth are affected by global climate change and vice versa how they themselves affect the development of global climate change, by viewing from the perspective of the different groups of microorganisms like bacteria including cyanobacteria, fungi, and protozoa, also viruses, as well as by looking in detail on the different ecosystems on earth like oceans, inland waters with rivers, lakes, and groundwater, and soil. Thus I am happy that a broad range of renowned scientists provided their expertise demonstrating not only the actual status but also the imminent need to increase our knowledge on the role of microbial communities with respect to global climate change. The reader will observe that the style of the chapters is not always consistent between the different authors. Some of the chapters are short and concentrated, whereas other chapters go into great detail. However, I decided the differences to be maintained in order to allow the authors to present these review papers using their personal preferences. Unfortunately, there are a few gaps in this book, which prohibits the presentation of a complete suite of the major aspects within the general topic of “Climate Change and Microbial Ecology”, mainly because the manuscripts from a few authors were not received within an acceptable time frame. Nevertheless, I am convinced that the list of contributions to this book covers most of the important areas from the book’s title Climate Change and Microbial Ecology: Current Research and Future Trends and that the volume will be helpful not only for every microbial ecologist from the PhD student to the experienced scientist, but also for every one interested in the field of global climate change. Finally, I would like to express my thanks to all the authors for their kind cooperation. They did a great job in presenting a timely overview on topics of climate change and microbial ecology in their special fields of expertise. I am also indebted to Dr Thomas Horvath (University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany) who improved some manuscripts prepared by authors who were not native English speakers, and also to the publisher who was especially patient with the many delays occurring through the preparation of this volume. Jürgen Marxsen, Giessen, Germany
{"title":"Preface to the 1st Edition","authors":"","doi":"10.1039/9781788016254-fp008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016254-fp008","url":null,"abstract":"When I was asked by the publisher some time ago, whether I was willing to edit a book on Climate Change and Microbial Ecology, I agreed because I felt that it was timely to have a comprehensive overview on the advancements in this field. I thought that it was appropriate to summarize the current knowledge on how the microorganisms on earth are affected by global climate change and vice versa how they themselves affect the development of global climate change, by viewing from the perspective of the different groups of microorganisms like bacteria including cyanobacteria, fungi, and protozoa, also viruses, as well as by looking in detail on the different ecosystems on earth like oceans, inland waters with rivers, lakes, and groundwater, and soil. Thus I am happy that a broad range of renowned scientists provided their expertise demonstrating not only the actual status but also the imminent need to increase our knowledge on the role of microbial communities with respect to global climate change. The reader will observe that the style of the chapters is not always consistent between the different authors. Some of the chapters are short and concentrated, whereas other chapters go into great detail. However, I decided the differences to be maintained in order to allow the authors to present these review papers using their personal preferences. Unfortunately, there are a few gaps in this book, which prohibits the presentation of a complete suite of the major aspects within the general topic of “Climate Change and Microbial Ecology”, mainly because the manuscripts from a few authors were not received within an acceptable time frame. Nevertheless, I am convinced that the list of contributions to this book covers most of the important areas from the book’s title Climate Change and Microbial Ecology: Current Research and Future Trends and that the volume will be helpful not only for every microbial ecologist from the PhD student to the experienced scientist, but also for every one interested in the field of global climate change. Finally, I would like to express my thanks to all the authors for their kind cooperation. They did a great job in presenting a timely overview on topics of climate change and microbial ecology in their special fields of expertise. I am also indebted to Dr Thomas Horvath (University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany) who improved some manuscripts prepared by authors who were not native English speakers, and also to the publisher who was especially patient with the many delays occurring through the preparation of this volume. Jürgen Marxsen, Giessen, Germany\u2029","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130784650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1039/9781788016353-00343
P. Purnell, J. Millward-Hopkins, Oliver Zwirner
{"title":"Chapter 14. Complex Value Optimisation for Resource Recovery (CVORR): Assessing the Systemic Impact of Multiple Low-carbon Decisions in the Interlinked Concrete-steel-electricity Sectors","authors":"P. Purnell, J. Millward-Hopkins, Oliver Zwirner","doi":"10.1039/9781788016353-00343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016353-00343","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114071296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1039/9781788016353-00244
J. Lloyd, V. Coker, R. Kimber, C. Pearce, M. Watts, J. Omajali, L. Macaskie
{"title":"Chapter 10. New Frontiers in Metallic Bio-nanoparticle Catalysis and Green Products from Remediation Processes","authors":"J. Lloyd, V. Coker, R. Kimber, C. Pearce, M. Watts, J. Omajali, L. Macaskie","doi":"10.1039/9781788016353-00244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016353-00244","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":202204,"journal":{"name":"Green Chemistry Series","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131024915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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