Thanh Thang Tran, Thi Thuy Tien Le, Thi Truc Thi Nguyen
Houttuynia cordata, a plant with a long history of traditional medicinal and culinary uses across different cultures, has shown effectiveness in treating various ailments in Southeast Asia. The Cu Chi district of southern Vietnam, is home to 35 out of the country's 54 ethnic minority groups, making it an ideal location to investigate the traditional uses and availability of H. cordata within the local community. The study findings reveal notable differences in leaf anatomy, thickness, and vascular bundles, which can be attributed to variations in soil conditions. The Phu My Hung area, characterized by lower soil moisture and nutrient content, indicates more pronounced drought conditions. H. cordata from this region exhibits higher antioxidant capacity and develops lignified cells as an adaptation to dry conditions, thereby enhancing water use efficiency. The findings of this study highlight the significant implications of the distinct populations of H. cordata belonging to the same species. These populations have undergone morphological and physiological adaptations in response to their specific ecological conditions. Notably, the H. cordata population from drought-prone areas such as Phu My Hung exhibits remarkable potential for medicinal applications. This suggests that the unique environmental pressures in these regions have influenced the plant's composition and properties, making it a valuable resource for medicinal research and potential therapeutic developments. The identification and utilization of such adaptations in H. cordata populations could have far-reaching implications in the field of medicine, offering new avenues for drug discovery and the treatment of various ailments.
虫草（Houttuynia cordata）是一种在不同文化中具有悠久传统药用和烹饪用途的植物，在东南亚对治疗各种疾病具有显著疗效。越南南部的古芝区居住着该国 54 个少数民族中的 35 个，因此是调查当地社区中蕺菜的传统用途和可用性的理想地点。研究结果表明，叶片的解剖结构、厚度和维管束存在明显差异，这可能与土壤条件的变化有关。Phu My Hung 地区的土壤水分和养分含量较低，表明该地区的干旱状况更为明显。该地区的虫草表现出较高的抗氧化能力，并形成木质化细胞，以适应干旱条件，从而提高水分利用效率。这项研究的结果凸显了属于同一物种的不同虫草种群的重要意义。这些种群经历了形态和生理上的适应，以应对其特定的生态条件。值得注意的是，来自干旱易发地区（如富美雄）的虫草种群在药用方面表现出显著的潜力。这表明，这些地区独特的环境压力影响了该植物的成分和特性，使其成为药用研究和潜在治疗开发的宝贵资源。识别和利用 H. cordata 种群的这种适应性可能会在医学领域产生深远影响，为药物发现和治疗各种疾病提供新的途径。
{"title":"Houttuynia cordata Thunb: Ethnobotanical and availability notes in the Cu Chi district, Vietnam","authors":"Thanh Thang Tran, Thi Thuy Tien Le, Thi Truc Thi Nguyen","doi":"10.14719/pst.3452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3452","url":null,"abstract":"Houttuynia cordata, a plant with a long history of traditional medicinal and culinary uses across different cultures, has shown effectiveness in treating various ailments in Southeast Asia. The Cu Chi district of southern Vietnam, is home to 35 out of the country's 54 ethnic minority groups, making it an ideal location to investigate the traditional uses and availability of H. cordata within the local community. The study findings reveal notable differences in leaf anatomy, thickness, and vascular bundles, which can be attributed to variations in soil conditions. The Phu My Hung area, characterized by lower soil moisture and nutrient content, indicates more pronounced drought conditions. H. cordata from this region exhibits higher antioxidant capacity and develops lignified cells as an adaptation to dry conditions, thereby enhancing water use efficiency. The findings of this study highlight the significant implications of the distinct populations of H. cordata belonging to the same species. These populations have undergone morphological and physiological adaptations in response to their specific ecological conditions. Notably, the H. cordata population from drought-prone areas such as Phu My Hung exhibits remarkable potential for medicinal applications. This suggests that the unique environmental pressures in these regions have influenced the plant's composition and properties, making it a valuable resource for medicinal research and potential therapeutic developments. The identification and utilization of such adaptations in H. cordata populations could have far-reaching implications in the field of medicine, offering new avenues for drug discovery and the treatment of various ailments.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141015503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main object of the current work was to determine the antifungal efficiency of secondary metabolites product called synephrine that extracted from Citrus sinesis peels and the ability of synephrine to biosynthesis gold nanoparticles from HAucl4 which consider environmentally favourable method, then determine their activity against pathogenic human dermatophyte. The identification of synephrine done by Thin layer chromatography (TLC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The characterization of gold nanoparticles by using Ultra Violet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Field – Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), confirmed the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles in diameter and morphology for AuNps biosynthesis by C. sinensis was 9.7-31 (nm) rounded to oval shape. The synephrine and AuNps that formed use it against some dermatophytes Trichophyton mentographytes, Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis, the activity of synephrine against T. mentographytes at (10, 15 and 20 mg/mL) give less inhibition effect as compare with antifungal effect, while M. canis in 15 mg/mL show best effect than antifungal and for gold nanoparticles most concentration effective was (20 mg/mL).
{"title":"Extraction of Synephrine from Waste Peels of Citrus sinensis and Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles from it against Dermatophytes","authors":"A. S. Jadou, R. AL-Bahrani","doi":"10.14719/pst.3248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3248","url":null,"abstract":"The main object of the current work was to determine the antifungal efficiency of secondary metabolites product called synephrine that extracted from Citrus sinesis peels and the ability of synephrine to biosynthesis gold nanoparticles from HAucl4 which consider environmentally favourable method, then determine their activity against pathogenic human dermatophyte. The identification of synephrine done by Thin layer chromatography (TLC), High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The characterization of gold nanoparticles by using Ultra Violet-Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Field – Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), confirmed the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles in diameter and morphology for AuNps biosynthesis by C. sinensis was 9.7-31 (nm) rounded to oval shape. The synephrine and AuNps that formed use it against some dermatophytes Trichophyton mentographytes, Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis, the activity of synephrine against T. mentographytes at (10, 15 and 20 mg/mL) give less inhibition effect as compare with antifungal effect, while M. canis in 15 mg/mL show best effect than antifungal and for gold nanoparticles most concentration effective was (20 mg/mL).","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140360025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prajna Prakash Mishra, P. R. Mishra, T. Adak, B. G, G. Pandi G, Prasanthi Golive, P. Rath, Naveenkumar B. Patil
The widespread use of synthetic chemicals as storage protectants makes food hazardous, endangers human health and develops insect resistance. Hence, in the present study Vitex negundo L. oil nanoemulsion (VNO NE) was prepared to manage stored grain pests. V. negundo oil (VNO) had major compounds like Aromandendrene, Beta-caryophyllene, Squalene, 3-octen-5-yne,2,7-dimethyl-, (E)-, 5-(1-isopropenyl-4,5-dimethylbicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-5-yl)-3-methyl-2-pentenol acetate, Farnesyl bromide, 4-terpeneol and Elemol. A high-speed homogenizer was used to formulate nanoemulsions of VNO and studies on their physico-chemical and thermal stability revealed that, the optimum nanoemulsion had 5% VNO mixed at a 1:2 (w/w) ratio with tween 80 surfactant. The hydrodynamic diameter, polydispersity index and mean zeta potential of the nanoemulsion were 166.62 nm, 0.263 and -3.4 mV respectively and droplet sizes varied from 50 to 200 nm in transmission electron microscopy. Lethal dose 50 (LD50) values for contact toxicity of VNO nanoemulsion (VNO NE) were 0.755 and 3.131 micro L cm-2 against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum respectively which were 41.60 and 29.88% less compared to VNO. In case of fumigant toxicity, LD50 value of VNO NE was 322.28 micro L L-1 against S. oryzae which was 26% less than that of crude oil. Highest repellency increased by 33.33 and 36.58% when treated with VNO NE in S. oryzae and T. castaneum respectively. Also significant Glutathione s transferase enzyme inhibition activities observed in VNO NE treated insects as compared to VNO and control. Thus, VNO NE having improved efficacy and targeted delivery could contribute towards eco-friendly sustainable stored grain pest management in rice.
{"title":"Vitex negundo L. oil nanoemulsion for the ecofriendly management of Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in stored rice","authors":"Prajna Prakash Mishra, P. R. Mishra, T. Adak, B. G, G. Pandi G, Prasanthi Golive, P. Rath, Naveenkumar B. Patil","doi":"10.14719/pst.3391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3391","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread use of synthetic chemicals as storage protectants makes food hazardous, endangers human health and develops insect resistance. Hence, in the present study Vitex negundo L. oil nanoemulsion (VNO NE) was prepared to manage stored grain pests. V. negundo oil (VNO) had major compounds like Aromandendrene, Beta-caryophyllene, Squalene, 3-octen-5-yne,2,7-dimethyl-, (E)-, 5-(1-isopropenyl-4,5-dimethylbicyclo[4.3.0]nonan-5-yl)-3-methyl-2-pentenol acetate, Farnesyl bromide, 4-terpeneol and Elemol. A high-speed homogenizer was used to formulate nanoemulsions of VNO and studies on their physico-chemical and thermal stability revealed that, the optimum nanoemulsion had 5% VNO mixed at a 1:2 (w/w) ratio with tween 80 surfactant. The hydrodynamic diameter, polydispersity index and mean zeta potential of the nanoemulsion were 166.62 nm, 0.263 and -3.4 mV respectively and droplet sizes varied from 50 to 200 nm in transmission electron microscopy. Lethal dose 50 (LD50) values for contact toxicity of VNO nanoemulsion (VNO NE) were 0.755 and 3.131 micro L cm-2 against Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium castaneum respectively which were 41.60 and 29.88% less compared to VNO. In case of fumigant toxicity, LD50 value of VNO NE was 322.28 micro L L-1 against S. oryzae which was 26% less than that of crude oil. Highest repellency increased by 33.33 and 36.58% when treated with VNO NE in S. oryzae and T. castaneum respectively. Also significant Glutathione s transferase enzyme inhibition activities observed in VNO NE treated insects as compared to VNO and control. Thus, VNO NE having improved efficacy and targeted delivery could contribute towards eco-friendly sustainable stored grain pest management in rice.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140358082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mansee Thakur, Amita Kirar, Tejaswini Tajne, K. Thakur, Mini Mol, Himanshu Gupta
As a neuroprotective and nervine tonic, Dhanwantharam Mezhupakam (DM) is a medicated polyherbal oil formulation made using an Ayurvedic method. It is made by steeping herbs in significant water while simmering Taliam oil for a long time with a paste-like herb mixture. The purpose of the current study was to establish its standard criteria in accordance with the monograph to preserve the product's safety, consistency and quality manufacturing while also determining its heavy metal concentration. Organoleptic assessment, physicochemical evaluation, phytochemical evaluation, chromatographic analysis for active ingredients and heavy metal analysis are some of the formulation-related criteria that are assessed. According to pharmacopeia standards, every metric was examined. According to the study's findings, the formulation was well-standardized in terms of its physical consistency, chemical profile, phytoconstituents and antibacterial properties. Additionally, it was discovered that the sample's heavy metal contents were within WHO and API-acceptable standards.
{"title":"Physicochemical characterization of commercially available Dhanwantharam Mezhupakam - An Ayurvedic oil formulation","authors":"Mansee Thakur, Amita Kirar, Tejaswini Tajne, K. Thakur, Mini Mol, Himanshu Gupta","doi":"10.14719/pst.2885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2885","url":null,"abstract":"As a neuroprotective and nervine tonic, Dhanwantharam Mezhupakam (DM) is a medicated polyherbal oil formulation made using an Ayurvedic method. It is made by steeping herbs in significant water while simmering Taliam oil for a long time with a paste-like herb mixture. The purpose of the current study was to establish its standard criteria in accordance with the monograph to preserve the product's safety, consistency and quality manufacturing while also determining its heavy metal concentration. Organoleptic assessment, physicochemical evaluation, phytochemical evaluation, chromatographic analysis for active ingredients and heavy metal analysis are some of the formulation-related criteria that are assessed. According to pharmacopeia standards, every metric was examined. According to the study's findings, the formulation was well-standardized in terms of its physical consistency, chemical profile, phytoconstituents and antibacterial properties. Additionally, it was discovered that the sample's heavy metal contents were within WHO and API-acceptable standards.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140358154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This review examines the impact of essential oils (EOs) in food manufacturing and their potential as natural preservatives. Food is a substance ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to supply energy to maintain life and stimulate growth. Chemical preservatives like benzoates, nitrites, sulphites, and sorbates added to the processed food items have various side effects on humans. An approach that uses of essential oils (EOs) enhance the shelf-life of the manufactured foods, which have no side effects on the consumer’s health. EOs has shown significant antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects in food industries. Due to their various activities, EOs could be used as alternative preservatives to increase the shelf lives of processed food. Additionally, the use of EOs as natural preservatives aligns with the growing consumer demand for clean label and natural ingredients in food products. The potential applications of EOs in food preservation are wide-ranging, including their use in meat products, bakery products, dairy products, and beverages. Moreover, their effectiveness against a wide range of microorganisms, including pathogenic bacteria, yeast, and molds, makes them an attractive option for food preservation. Despite the potential benefits, there are some challenges associated with the use of EOs in food manufacturing. The purpose of this review was to advocate the use of EOs as natural, safe, and eco-friendly preservatives that have the potential to revolutionize the food industry by reducing the use of chemical preservatives and providing consumers with healthier and safer food products.
{"title":"Bio-efficacies of essential oils against food-borne bacteria","authors":"Deepika Beniwal, Sarika Gupta","doi":"10.14719/pst.2745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2745","url":null,"abstract":"This review examines the impact of essential oils (EOs) in food manufacturing and their potential as natural preservatives. Food is a substance ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to supply energy to maintain life and stimulate growth. Chemical preservatives like benzoates, nitrites, sulphites, and sorbates added to the processed food items have various side effects on humans. An approach that uses of essential oils (EOs) enhance the shelf-life of the manufactured foods, which have no side effects on the consumer’s health. EOs has shown significant antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects in food industries. Due to their various activities, EOs could be used as alternative preservatives to increase the shelf lives of processed food. Additionally, the use of EOs as natural preservatives aligns with the growing consumer demand for clean label and natural ingredients in food products. The potential applications of EOs in food preservation are wide-ranging, including their use in meat products, bakery products, dairy products, and beverages. Moreover, their effectiveness against a wide range of microorganisms, including pathogenic bacteria, yeast, and molds, makes them an attractive option for food preservation. Despite the potential benefits, there are some challenges associated with the use of EOs in food manufacturing. The purpose of this review was to advocate the use of EOs as natural, safe, and eco-friendly preservatives that have the potential to revolutionize the food industry by reducing the use of chemical preservatives and providing consumers with healthier and safer food products.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140363005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dental caries is the most prevalent oral disease. It is caused by infection of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. It is associated with inflammation of the dental gum. Antimicrobial agents or systemic antibiotics are administered to prevent dental caries. However, the pathogens become drug-resistant to specific antibiotics, so a combinational therapy approach may lead to the management of dental caries. In the current investigation, the peel of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck was evaluated for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities in dental caries. Different fractions of hydroalcohol extract were tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and C. albicans. Based on the results, methanol fraction was selected for ex-vivo anti-inflammatory activity. The bioactive compounds of the methanol faction were identified by GC-MS. Only selected compounds were subjected to in silico docking analysis towards selective proteins of S. mutans and C. albicans. Amongst all the fractions, the methanol fraction showed significant antimicrobial activity against S. mutans (ZOI, 27 mm; MIC, 0.78 mg/ml; and MBC, 1.56 mg/ml) and C. albicans (ZOI, 29 mm; MIC, 0.39 mg/ml; and MBC, 1.56 mg/ml). Methanol fraction (100 µg/ml) exhibited the highest inhibition of 79.29% than other fractions in the anti-inflammatory study. GC-MS analysis of methanol fraction reported 17 compounds. Out of these, only ten compounds satisfied Lipinski’s rule of five in ADMET analysis and were subjected to in silico docking analysis. The results confirmed that the compounds of methanol fraction have the potential to inhibit the active proteins of dental caries pathogen.
{"title":"In silico molecular docking, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of bioactive fractions of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck. peel against oral pathogens in dental caries","authors":"Satyaprakash Dehury, Priyanka Priyadarsini, Ashirbad Nanda, Debasmita Dubey, Sandeep Kumar Swain, Biswajit Samantaray, Barsha Tripathy, Satish Kanhar","doi":"10.14719/pst.2922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2922","url":null,"abstract":"Dental caries is the most prevalent oral disease. It is caused by infection of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. It is associated with inflammation of the dental gum. Antimicrobial agents or systemic antibiotics are administered to prevent dental caries. However, the pathogens become drug-resistant to specific antibiotics, so a combinational therapy approach may lead to the management of dental caries. In the current investigation, the peel of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck was evaluated for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities in dental caries. Different fractions of hydroalcohol extract were tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and C. albicans. Based on the results, methanol fraction was selected for ex-vivo anti-inflammatory activity. The bioactive compounds of the methanol faction were identified by GC-MS. Only selected compounds were subjected to in silico docking analysis towards selective proteins of S. mutans and C. albicans. Amongst all the fractions, the methanol fraction showed significant antimicrobial activity against S. mutans (ZOI, 27 mm; MIC, 0.78 mg/ml; and MBC, 1.56 mg/ml) and C. albicans (ZOI, 29 mm; MIC, 0.39 mg/ml; and MBC, 1.56 mg/ml). Methanol fraction (100 µg/ml) exhibited the highest inhibition of 79.29% than other fractions in the anti-inflammatory study. GC-MS analysis of methanol fraction reported 17 compounds. Out of these, only ten compounds satisfied Lipinski’s rule of five in ADMET analysis and were subjected to in silico docking analysis. The results confirmed that the compounds of methanol fraction have the potential to inhibit the active proteins of dental caries pathogen. ","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140364501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mostapha Maach, M. Akodad, María Pilar Rodríguez-Rosal, K. Venema, A. Skalli, Hanane Ait Hmeid, Hamza El haddaji, Hicham Gueddari, M. Baghour
The adverse effects of salinity on plant growth are generally associated with the low osmotic potential of the soil solution and the high level of sodium toxicity (and chlorine toxicity for some species) which cause multiple perturbations on plant metabolism, growth, and development at the molecular, biochemical and physiological levels. The vacuolar NHX and plasma membrane SOS antiporters mediate cation and proton exchange across the tonoplast and plasma membrane, respectively. The SOS transporters allow the excretion of Na+ from the cytoplasm to the outside environment and alternatively, NHXs provide Na+ transport from the cytoplasm to the vacuole. Cellular ion homeostasis is an essential phenomenon for all organisms. Most cells manage to maintain a high level of potassium and a low level of sodium in the cytoplasm through the coordination and regulation of different transporters and channels instead of the NHX-type vacuolar antiport. In this article, some important mechanisms in the regulation of ionic ions such as Na+. will be discussed.
{"title":"Strategies of NHX antiporters to deal with salt stress","authors":"Mostapha Maach, M. Akodad, María Pilar Rodríguez-Rosal, K. Venema, A. Skalli, Hanane Ait Hmeid, Hamza El haddaji, Hicham Gueddari, M. Baghour","doi":"10.14719/pst.2442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2442","url":null,"abstract":"The adverse effects of salinity on plant growth are generally associated with the low osmotic potential of the soil solution and the high level of sodium toxicity (and chlorine toxicity for some species) which cause multiple perturbations on plant metabolism, growth, and development at the molecular, biochemical and physiological levels. The vacuolar NHX and plasma membrane SOS antiporters mediate cation and proton exchange across the tonoplast and plasma membrane, respectively. The SOS transporters allow the excretion of Na+ from the cytoplasm to the outside environment and alternatively, NHXs provide Na+ transport from the cytoplasm to the vacuole. Cellular ion homeostasis is an essential phenomenon for all organisms. Most cells manage to maintain a high level of potassium and a low level of sodium in the cytoplasm through the coordination and regulation of different transporters and channels instead of the NHX-type vacuolar antiport. In this article, some important mechanisms in the regulation of ionic ions such as Na+. will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140364181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nephrolithiasis is one of the most significant urinary tract diseases, with an enormous socio-economic impact. Numerous research studies have been conducted to assess the potential of herbal medicine in managing kidney stones; however, further study is required in Iraq. The objective was to document the ethno-botanical uses of medicinal plants in managing nephrolithiasis in southern Iraq and analyse the herbalists’ diagnostic method. A cross-sectional survey was performed through face-to-face interviews with 48 herbalists practicing in Karbala. The results indicated the use of 19 species from 10 botanical families. Zea mays, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Tribulus terrestris exhibited the highest frequency of mentions, accounting for 81.25%, 56.25%, and 52.0%, respectively. The botanical plant families Apiaceae and Fabaceae were predominantly utilized, accounting for usage rates of 31.5% and 15.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the data indicated that seeds were the most utilized plant parts, and decoction was the predominant preparation technique. Moreover, the data showed that although a significant proportion of herbalists possessed a high level of education, most of these herbalists (72.9%) relied on patient symptoms rather than physician diagnosis when identifying nephrolithiasis, irrespective of their experience or education level. Herbalists commonly suggest cures for nephrolithiasis without considering the specific type and location of the stone. This study concluded that medicinal plants are significant for future research endeavors to treat and manage nephrolithiasis.
{"title":"Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by iraqi herbalists in the management of Nephrolithiasis: A cross-Sectional survey conducted in Southern Iraq “Karbala.”","authors":"Suhad Humadi","doi":"10.14719/pst.2848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2848","url":null,"abstract":"Nephrolithiasis is one of the most significant urinary tract diseases, with an enormous socio-economic impact. Numerous research studies have been conducted to assess the potential of herbal medicine in managing kidney stones; however, further study is required in Iraq. The objective was to document the ethno-botanical uses of medicinal plants in managing nephrolithiasis in southern Iraq and analyse the herbalists’ diagnostic method. A cross-sectional survey was performed through face-to-face interviews with 48 herbalists practicing in Karbala. The results indicated the use of 19 species from 10 botanical families. Zea mays, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Tribulus terrestris exhibited the highest frequency of mentions, accounting for 81.25%, 56.25%, and 52.0%, respectively. The botanical plant families Apiaceae and Fabaceae were predominantly utilized, accounting for usage rates of 31.5% and 15.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the data indicated that seeds were the most utilized plant parts, and decoction was the predominant preparation technique. Moreover, the data showed that although a significant proportion of herbalists possessed a high level of education, most of these herbalists (72.9%) relied on patient symptoms rather than physician diagnosis when identifying nephrolithiasis, irrespective of their experience or education level. Herbalists commonly suggest cures for nephrolithiasis without considering the specific type and location of the stone. This study concluded that medicinal plants are significant for future research endeavors to treat and manage nephrolithiasis.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Syed Waseem Gillani, Mushtaq Ahmad, M. Zafar, Muhammad Manzoor, Ghulam Mujtaba Shah, Hamayun Shaheen, W. Zaman, S. Sultana, B. Sadia, Khaydarova Khilola Khishlatovna
Indigenous knowledge provides insights into the therapeutic properties of medicinal plants used in local communities for basic healthcare. This research focuses on documenting the medical knowledge of rural communities that rely on medicinal plants in their traditional healthcare practices in the district of Muzaffarabad, Kashmir Himalayas. A field survey was carried out in 2022 and 2023 to collect data on wild medicinal plants. Informants were selected at random to learn about indigenous medical practices through semi-structured interviews and group discussions with 95 informants. The ethnomedicinal data were quantitatively analyzed using indices of use value (UV) and relative frequency citation (RFC). The study area documented 57 medicinal plants from 34 different families. Polygonaceae was the most dominant family, contributing 14.03% to medicinal plants, followed by Lamiaceae (10.52%) and Rosaceae (7.01%). Among medicinal plants, communities predominantly used herbs (64.91%) and leaves (29.09%) to treat several health problems. Mentha longifolia had the highest reported use value (1.71), and Bergenia ciliata had the highest recorded RFC value (0.72). Rural inhabitants continue to rely on wild medicinal plants as their primary source of medication. The transmission of indigenous knowledge to descendants is steadily declining and is primarily limited to healthcare practitioners and the elderly. These communities have kept important indigenous knowledge, which must be preserved for sustainable resource management and conservation. A more extensive field exploration is required to discover all of the indigenous knowledge in rural areas of Kashmir.
{"title":"Ethnobotanical Exploration of Traditional Medicinal Plants Among the Rural Inhabitants of District Muzaffarabad, Kashmir Himalayan Region","authors":"Syed Waseem Gillani, Mushtaq Ahmad, M. Zafar, Muhammad Manzoor, Ghulam Mujtaba Shah, Hamayun Shaheen, W. Zaman, S. Sultana, B. Sadia, Khaydarova Khilola Khishlatovna","doi":"10.14719/pst.3265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3265","url":null,"abstract":"Indigenous knowledge provides insights into the therapeutic properties of medicinal plants used in local communities for basic healthcare. This research focuses on documenting the medical knowledge of rural communities that rely on medicinal plants in their traditional healthcare practices in the district of Muzaffarabad, Kashmir Himalayas. A field survey was carried out in 2022 and 2023 to collect data on wild medicinal plants. Informants were selected at random to learn about indigenous medical practices through semi-structured interviews and group discussions with 95 informants. The ethnomedicinal data were quantitatively analyzed using indices of use value (UV) and relative frequency citation (RFC). The study area documented 57 medicinal plants from 34 different families. Polygonaceae was the most dominant family, contributing 14.03% to medicinal plants, followed by Lamiaceae (10.52%) and Rosaceae (7.01%). Among medicinal plants, communities predominantly used herbs (64.91%) and leaves (29.09%) to treat several health problems. Mentha longifolia had the highest reported use value (1.71), and Bergenia ciliata had the highest recorded RFC value (0.72). Rural inhabitants continue to rely on wild medicinal plants as their primary source of medication. The transmission of indigenous knowledge to descendants is steadily declining and is primarily limited to healthcare practitioners and the elderly. These communities have kept important indigenous knowledge, which must be preserved for sustainable resource management and conservation. A more extensive field exploration is required to discover all of the indigenous knowledge in rural areas of Kashmir.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140365913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bassim Ziydan, Marwa Alrawi, Ali F Almehemdi, Y. Sekhi
A field experiment was carried out in Abu Ghraib district-Baghdad Iraq, to evaluate 7 fennel cultivars with ploughing systems. Two tillage systems (tillage and no-tillage) were allocated to main plots, while 7 fennel cultivars: Amigo, Azuria, Dollap, Hannan, Romanesco, Sahoo and Sajjet were allocated to subplots. Characteristics that had been studied were plant height, number of branches, number of umbels, number of umbellates, number of seeds per umbellate, stem diameter, weight of 1000 grains, and seed yield per ha. Significant results were with the no-till system in plant height (134.97 cm. plant-1) and number of umbels (43.56 umbel plant-1). The tillage system's significant results were in the number of seeds, weight of 1000 seeds (8.72 g), and yield per ha (490.03 kg ha-1). Hannan-cultivar remarks yield per ha (742.99 kg ha-1) and 1000-seed weight (10.90 g). Azuria-cultivar remarks on number of seeds of umbellets (24.44 seeds umbellate-1). Romanesco-cultivar remarks on the number of umbels (48.72 umbel plant-1). Therefore, cultivars varied in showing their latent ability through their performance with their phenotypic characteristics. Hannan cultivar was optimal in results that gave the highest seed yield. Thus, it can be entered into a crop breeding program with other cultivars that have outperformed in other characteristics.
{"title":"Growth and seed yield of seven fennel cultivars with two types of ploughing systems","authors":"Bassim Ziydan, Marwa Alrawi, Ali F Almehemdi, Y. Sekhi","doi":"10.14719/pst.3196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3196","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out in Abu Ghraib district-Baghdad Iraq, to evaluate 7 fennel cultivars with ploughing systems. Two tillage systems (tillage and no-tillage) were allocated to main plots, while 7 fennel cultivars: Amigo, Azuria, Dollap, Hannan, Romanesco, Sahoo and Sajjet were allocated to subplots. Characteristics that had been studied were plant height, number of branches, number of umbels, number of umbellates, number of seeds per umbellate, stem diameter, weight of 1000 grains, and seed yield per ha. Significant results were with the no-till system in plant height (134.97 cm. plant-1) and number of umbels (43.56 umbel plant-1). The tillage system's significant results were in the number of seeds, weight of 1000 seeds (8.72 g), and yield per ha (490.03 kg ha-1). Hannan-cultivar remarks yield per ha (742.99 kg ha-1) and 1000-seed weight (10.90 g). Azuria-cultivar remarks on number of seeds of umbellets (24.44 seeds umbellate-1). Romanesco-cultivar remarks on the number of umbels (48.72 umbel plant-1). Therefore, cultivars varied in showing their latent ability through their performance with their phenotypic characteristics. Hannan cultivar was optimal in results that gave the highest seed yield. Thus, it can be entered into a crop breeding program with other cultivars that have outperformed in other characteristics.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140366616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：