Syafiqah Alia Sazali, Noraziyah Abd Aziz Shamsudin, Mohd Y. Rafii, Mohd Shahril Firdaus Ab Razak, Muhammad Fahmi Yunus, Fatien Najwa Che Yah, Firdaus Ahmad, None MOHD SYAHMI SALLEH
Rice is a staple food and one of the most crucial crops globally, providing sustenance for more than half of the world's population. Climate change has a crucial impact on the agricultural sector, particularly rice cultivation, due to the increase in abiotic stress incidences. Salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stresses on rice production globally. Salt stress significantly reduces growth performance, affecting various metabolic and physiological processes in rice. Submergence is another type of abiotic stress affecting rice growth and yield. Recently, a newly emerged abiotic stress called saline submergence may also jeopardize rice production. Seawater intrusion into rice fields located nearby coastal areas may cause saline flash floods, especially during monsoon season. Rice cultivated in coastal areas is prone to saline-submergence stress, leading to a significantly lower yield. Although Sub1 and Saltol QTLs are widely used in developing rice cultivars with submergence and salinity tolerance, there is a lack of studies conducted to explore the potential performance of breeding lines with Sub1 and Saltol QTLs under saline-submergence stress. It has been hypothesized that the introgression of Sub1 and Saltol QTLs into elite rice cultivars might result in potentially tolerant breeding lines to saline-submergence stress. Further breeding projects, however, need to be conducted to prove this postulation. The present mini-review deals with genetics, physiological mechanisms, and breeding achievements for submergence and salinity-tolerant rice while at the same time highlighting saline-submergence as an emerging type of abiotic stress in rice cultivation.
{"title":"Genetics, Physiological Mechanism and Breeding for Tolerance against Submergence, Salinity, and Saline-Submergence Stress in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Syafiqah Alia Sazali, Noraziyah Abd Aziz Shamsudin, Mohd Y. Rafii, Mohd Shahril Firdaus Ab Razak, Muhammad Fahmi Yunus, Fatien Najwa Che Yah, Firdaus Ahmad, None MOHD SYAHMI SALLEH","doi":"10.14719/pst.2536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2536","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is a staple food and one of the most crucial crops globally, providing sustenance for more than half of the world's population. Climate change has a crucial impact on the agricultural sector, particularly rice cultivation, due to the increase in abiotic stress incidences. Salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stresses on rice production globally. Salt stress significantly reduces growth performance, affecting various metabolic and physiological processes in rice. Submergence is another type of abiotic stress affecting rice growth and yield. Recently, a newly emerged abiotic stress called saline submergence may also jeopardize rice production. Seawater intrusion into rice fields located nearby coastal areas may cause saline flash floods, especially during monsoon season. Rice cultivated in coastal areas is prone to saline-submergence stress, leading to a significantly lower yield. Although Sub1 and Saltol QTLs are widely used in developing rice cultivars with submergence and salinity tolerance, there is a lack of studies conducted to explore the potential performance of breeding lines with Sub1 and Saltol QTLs under saline-submergence stress. It has been hypothesized that the introgression of Sub1 and Saltol QTLs into elite rice cultivars might result in potentially tolerant breeding lines to saline-submergence stress. Further breeding projects, however, need to be conducted to prove this postulation. The present mini-review deals with genetics, physiological mechanisms, and breeding achievements for submergence and salinity-tolerant rice while at the same time highlighting saline-submergence as an emerging type of abiotic stress in rice cultivation.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135539165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The usage of naturally available resources by humans for gratifying different requirements is an age-old custom. This is because natural products provide indispensable facilities in the form of nutritional, economic, social, medicinal aspects and many more. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has been used as an herbal medicine by different groups of ethnic people. Besides having medicinal prospect, this plant is commonly used as a source of nutrition for humans and animals in tropical regions. However, conduction of more studies to see if there is chemical, microbiological, and/or clinical evidence, from a scientific perspective, of their effectiveness for those ailments. Therefore, this review was conducted to summarize the traditional uses, to understand the phytochemistry and identify the possible correlation between bioactive compounds and corresponding pharmacological properties. A systematic and detailed literature search has been undertaken for the study by using standard search engines like Google Scholar, PubMed, SciFinder, Research Gate and Science Direct. The evidential information was then assembled to present the manuscript with separate sections. From the literature search, it came into focus that Cassava contains various secondary metabolites which exhibits some notable pharmacological activities like antioxidant, antiradical, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiarrheal, analgesic and pesticidal activity. The biological activities established by cassava provide insight into its usagthe e in traditional medicinal systems. But an intricate and thorough review appears to be deficient on M. esculenta. Therefore, this review has summarized the studies investigating about the traditional uses, phytochemistry, bioactive compounds and therapeutic efficacy of M. esculenta. The significance of this review is aimed at a better understanding of the novel applications and further considerations for more logical and scientific evaluation. We hope this study will further aid in the development of research on this area to identify a new generation of natural source-based treatments that will help meet the growing consumer demand for safe, sustainable, and natural treatments.
{"title":"Traditional uses, phytochemistry and therapeutic efficacy of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) - A Review","authors":"None Barsha Sarma, None Tapashi Sutradhar, None Kakali Deka, None Mridul Kr. Borthakur","doi":"10.14719/pst.2406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2406","url":null,"abstract":"The usage of naturally available resources by humans for gratifying different requirements is an age-old custom. This is because natural products provide indispensable facilities in the form of nutritional, economic, social, medicinal aspects and many more. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) has been used as an herbal medicine by different groups of ethnic people. Besides having medicinal prospect, this plant is commonly used as a source of nutrition for humans and animals in tropical regions. However, conduction of more studies to see if there is chemical, microbiological, and/or clinical evidence, from a scientific perspective, of their effectiveness for those ailments. Therefore, this review was conducted to summarize the traditional uses, to understand the phytochemistry and identify the possible correlation between bioactive compounds and corresponding pharmacological properties. A systematic and detailed literature search has been undertaken for the study by using standard search engines like Google Scholar, PubMed, SciFinder, Research Gate and Science Direct. The evidential information was then assembled to present the manuscript with separate sections. From the literature search, it came into focus that Cassava contains various secondary metabolites which exhibits some notable pharmacological activities like antioxidant, antiradical, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiarrheal, analgesic and pesticidal activity. The biological activities established by cassava provide insight into its usagthe e in traditional medicinal systems. But an intricate and thorough review appears to be deficient on M. esculenta. Therefore, this review has summarized the studies investigating about the traditional uses, phytochemistry, bioactive compounds and therapeutic efficacy of M. esculenta. The significance of this review is aimed at a better understanding of the novel applications and further considerations for more logical and scientific evaluation. We hope this study will further aid in the development of research on this area to identify a new generation of natural source-based treatments that will help meet the growing consumer demand for safe, sustainable, and natural treatments.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135961139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Hamza Elbouny, None Ayoub Amssayef, None Chakib Alem
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural phytochemical that occurs in numerous plants, including Rosmarinus officinalis. This bioactive compound is widely reported to exert various pharmacological effects, including anti-hyperlipidemic activity. In this study, we reviewed the literature data on RA and hyperlipidemia research. In silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies were retrieved from Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus. The In silico studies revealed that RA possesses squalene synthase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl–coenzyme A reductase enzymes inhibiting effect. Additionally, in vitro reports revealed that RA exerts remarkable lipid-lowering effects and also exhibits anti-adipogenic and anti-atherosclerotic activities. The lipid-lowering action was modulated by numerous mechanisms including the regulation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant signaling pathways. Moreover, in vivo studies revealed that RA alleviates hyperlipidemia in animal models by modulating the expression of genes involved in hyperlipidemia as well as the regulation of gut microbiota and anti-inflammatory pathways. We conclude that RA is a multi-target anti-hyperlipidemic agent. Moreover, we suggest that the use of this bioactive compound as an anti-hyperlipidemic drug would be an effective pharmacological strategy that could provide promising options for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia and its related disorders including atherosclerosis.
迷迭香酸(RA)是一种天然的植物化学物质，存在于许多植物中，包括迷迭香。这种生物活性化合物被广泛报道具有多种药理作用，包括抗高脂血症活性。在本研究中，我们回顾了类风湿性关节炎与高脂血症研究的文献资料。计算机、体外和体内研究检索自Scholar、PubMed、ScienceDirect、Web of Science和Scopus。计算机实验表明，RA具有抑制角鲨烯合成酶和3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶的作用。此外，体外研究显示RA具有显著的降脂作用，并具有抗脂肪生成和抗动脉粥样硬化活性。降脂作用由多种机制调节，包括抗炎和抗氧化信号通路的调节。此外，体内研究表明，RA通过调节高脂血症相关基因的表达，以及调节肠道微生物群和抗炎途径，缓解动物模型中的高脂血症。我们认为RA是一种多靶点的抗高脂血症药物。此外，我们建议使用这种生物活性化合物作为抗高脂血症药物将是一种有效的药理学策略，可以为治疗和预防高脂血症及其相关疾病(包括动脉粥样硬化)提供有希望的选择。
{"title":"Rosmarinic acid as a potential anti-hyperlipidemic agent","authors":"None Hamza Elbouny, None Ayoub Amssayef, None Chakib Alem","doi":"10.14719/pst.2362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2362","url":null,"abstract":"Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural phytochemical that occurs in numerous plants, including Rosmarinus officinalis. This bioactive compound is widely reported to exert various pharmacological effects, including anti-hyperlipidemic activity. In this study, we reviewed the literature data on RA and hyperlipidemia research. In silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies were retrieved from Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus. The In silico studies revealed that RA possesses squalene synthase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl–coenzyme A reductase enzymes inhibiting effect. Additionally, in vitro reports revealed that RA exerts remarkable lipid-lowering effects and also exhibits anti-adipogenic and anti-atherosclerotic activities. The lipid-lowering action was modulated by numerous mechanisms including the regulation of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant signaling pathways. Moreover, in vivo studies revealed that RA alleviates hyperlipidemia in animal models by modulating the expression of genes involved in hyperlipidemia as well as the regulation of gut microbiota and anti-inflammatory pathways. We conclude that RA is a multi-target anti-hyperlipidemic agent. Moreover, we suggest that the use of this bioactive compound as an anti-hyperlipidemic drug would be an effective pharmacological strategy that could provide promising options for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia and its related disorders including atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Citrus hystrix DC. is a common herb in tropical regions. Its essential oils are now widely researched and applied because of their high economic value and safety for humans and are interesting materials for future trends. This review provides an extensive overview of the biological activities of C. hystrix essential oil, characterized predominantly by citronellal, ?-Pinene, sabinene, limonene, and terpinene-4-ol, which are deciding factors in antimicrobial, antioxidant, insect repellent, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, it is applied in the fields of food preservation and pharmaceuticals. However, these applications should consider the ratio of these components in the essential oil, which is variable when using materials from different parts of the plant and depending on the original location of the plant, growth stages, traditional or modern extraction methods, and pre-treatment methods.
{"title":"Essential oil of Citrus hystrix DC.: A mini-review on chemical composition, extraction method, bioactivities, and potential applications in food and pharmaceuticals","authors":"None Le Pham Tan Quoc, None Do Minh Long","doi":"10.14719/pst.2508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2508","url":null,"abstract":"Citrus hystrix DC. is a common herb in tropical regions. Its essential oils are now widely researched and applied because of their high economic value and safety for humans and are interesting materials for future trends. This review provides an extensive overview of the biological activities of C. hystrix essential oil, characterized predominantly by citronellal, ?-Pinene, sabinene, limonene, and terpinene-4-ol, which are deciding factors in antimicrobial, antioxidant, insect repellent, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, it is applied in the fields of food preservation and pharmaceuticals. However, these applications should consider the ratio of these components in the essential oil, which is variable when using materials from different parts of the plant and depending on the original location of the plant, growth stages, traditional or modern extraction methods, and pre-treatment methods.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135063256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayurveda is an ancient medical science, that fundamentally manages the various disease by using plants and their derivatives. Bone healing is a complex process that needs restoration anatomically and physiologically. Ayurveda holds a rich knowledge of plant and their derivatives which possess certain bioactive compounds which act differently. Due to severe side effects by using synthetically derived compounds which have adverse effects like gastrointestinal bleeding, delayed blood clotting, and treatment lengthening, the use of synthetic compounds and minerals with NSAID on fractured bones also leads to low compliance among patients, alternate medicine is much needed. Earlier due to a lack of scientific studies and standardization of compounds, acceptance was not as per mark for the traditional system of medicine. However, with the rise in traditional practices their usage is also rising along with their reporting of their clinical efficacy creating a new hope to the world however due to lack of scientific support, they are not widely accepted. The article aims to review the available data to support the evaluation of plants described in Ayurveda. Textual literature, online resources, and electronic media are used to collect data. The review concluded that yet more research work has to be carried out with a modern approach to validate with more clarity.
{"title":"Review on the role of indigenous plants and plant derivatives of Ayurveda in bone healing","authors":"Poona Nath Chouhan, Abdulahat Azimov, Dilfuza Jabborova, Sachidanand Singh","doi":"10.14719/pst.2566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2566","url":null,"abstract":"Ayurveda is an ancient medical science, that fundamentally manages the various disease by using plants and their derivatives. Bone healing is a complex process that needs restoration anatomically and physiologically. Ayurveda holds a rich knowledge of plant and their derivatives which possess certain bioactive compounds which act differently. Due to severe side effects by using synthetically derived compounds which have adverse effects like gastrointestinal bleeding, delayed blood clotting, and treatment lengthening, the use of synthetic compounds and minerals with NSAID on fractured bones also leads to low compliance among patients, alternate medicine is much needed. Earlier due to a lack of scientific studies and standardization of compounds, acceptance was not as per mark for the traditional system of medicine. However, with the rise in traditional practices their usage is also rising along with their reporting of their clinical efficacy creating a new hope to the world however due to lack of scientific support, they are not widely accepted. The article aims to review the available data to support the evaluation of plants described in Ayurveda. Textual literature, online resources, and electronic media are used to collect data. The review concluded that yet more research work has to be carried out with a modern approach to validate with more clarity.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135152931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the development of angiosperms, one of the most critical stages of plants is the transition from vegetative to reproductive stage, and successfully producing seeds is necessary. Plants have developed a complex signaling pathway to recognize and combine endogenous and environmental signals. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) play a role in regulating flower growth on shoots. Physiological and biochemical processes work together to differentiate and produce flower buds. The impact of PGRs on floral bud differentiation has been the subject of several publications in recent years. In addition, the dynamic variations in gibberellin (GA), auxin, and cytokinin levels in buds and the hormonal-related signatures in gene regulatory networks indicate a crucial function for these hormones during floral bud development in plants. Especially the flowering hormone GA has a key role in regulating the activities related to flowering genes as well as controlling the activity of the DELLA protein. Abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ET) have an inhibitory role in flowering but in some cases stimulate flowering depending on environmental conditions. This study aims to understand the regulation of phytohormones on flowering of plants and its effects on plant development during the flowering stage.
{"title":"The effect of phytohormones on the flowering of plants","authors":"None Linh Minh Hong Tran","doi":"10.14719/pst.2558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2558","url":null,"abstract":"During the development of angiosperms, one of the most critical stages of plants is the transition from vegetative to reproductive stage, and successfully producing seeds is necessary. Plants have developed a complex signaling pathway to recognize and combine endogenous and environmental signals. Plant growth regulators (PGRs) play a role in regulating flower growth on shoots. Physiological and biochemical processes work together to differentiate and produce flower buds. The impact of PGRs on floral bud differentiation has been the subject of several publications in recent years. In addition, the dynamic variations in gibberellin (GA), auxin, and cytokinin levels in buds and the hormonal-related signatures in gene regulatory networks indicate a crucial function for these hormones during floral bud development in plants. Especially the flowering hormone GA has a key role in regulating the activities related to flowering genes as well as controlling the activity of the DELLA protein. Abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ET) have an inhibitory role in flowering but in some cases stimulate flowering depending on environmental conditions. This study aims to understand the regulation of phytohormones on flowering of plants and its effects on plant development during the flowering stage.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135152922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Steffanny Sanchez-Portillo, Margarita del Rosario Salazar Sánchez, Jose Fernando Solanilla-Duque, Raúl Rodríguez Herrera
Andean tubers refer to a variety of roots and underground stems cultivated in the Andean region, which spans a significant portion of South America. Among these tubers are Arracacia xanthorrhiza, Tropaeolum tuberosum, Oxalis tuberosa, and Ullucus tuberosus. These tubers exhibit resistance to pests, extreme environmental conditions such as drought or frost, and various soil types. It also displays morphological diversity in terms of shape, color, and size, as well as nutritional variation depending on the specific variety grown and the type of propagation employed. While some agronomic requirements are similar for these tubers, others differ due to factors such as crop management, fertilization techniques, plant characteristics, and other influences that contribute to species-level variations. Therefore, it is important to understand the optimal cultivation conditions for achieving high production yields, comprehending the range of tuber variability, and exploring potential applications for these Andean tubers. It is worth noting that there is a lack of up-to-date information on this subject, highlighting the need for further research and exploration. Efforts have been made to classify and differentiate each tuber based on specific physical characteristics, utilizing reported taxonomic data. This classification system assists producers in distinguishing between the various tuber species and their respective varieties.
{"title":"Andean Tubers, Morphological Diversity, and Agronomic Management: A Review","authors":"None Steffanny Sanchez-Portillo, Margarita del Rosario Salazar Sánchez, Jose Fernando Solanilla-Duque, Raúl Rodríguez Herrera","doi":"10.14719/pst.2504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2504","url":null,"abstract":"Andean tubers refer to a variety of roots and underground stems cultivated in the Andean region, which spans a significant portion of South America. Among these tubers are Arracacia xanthorrhiza, Tropaeolum tuberosum, Oxalis tuberosa, and Ullucus tuberosus. These tubers exhibit resistance to pests, extreme environmental conditions such as drought or frost, and various soil types. It also displays morphological diversity in terms of shape, color, and size, as well as nutritional variation depending on the specific variety grown and the type of propagation employed. While some agronomic requirements are similar for these tubers, others differ due to factors such as crop management, fertilization techniques, plant characteristics, and other influences that contribute to species-level variations. Therefore, it is important to understand the optimal cultivation conditions for achieving high production yields, comprehending the range of tuber variability, and exploring potential applications for these Andean tubers. It is worth noting that there is a lack of up-to-date information on this subject, highlighting the need for further research and exploration. Efforts have been made to classify and differentiate each tuber based on specific physical characteristics, utilizing reported taxonomic data. This classification system assists producers in distinguishing between the various tuber species and their respective varieties.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135831131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kalanchoe dineshii Syam Radh & Nampy collected from Amadaguru, Sri Satya Sai District, is communicated in this paper as an addition to the flora of Andhra Pradesh. Taxonomic description, colour photographs, short notes on habitat, phenology and distribution are presented in the paper.
{"title":"Kalanchoe dineshii (Crassulaceae), an addition to the flora of Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"Nagaraju Vallepu, Penchala Pratap Goli, Jyothi Bramhanapalle, Keerthana Muktinutalapati, Sudarsanam Gudivada","doi":"10.14719/pst.2516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2516","url":null,"abstract":"Kalanchoe dineshii Syam Radh & Nampy collected from Amadaguru, Sri Satya Sai District, is communicated in this paper as an addition to the flora of Andhra Pradesh. Taxonomic description, colour photographs, short notes on habitat, phenology and distribution are presented in the paper.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135885883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The northeastern region of India holds the sixth position among the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots, covering approximately 8% of the nation's total land area, which amounts to 262,060 square kilometers. Situated in the eastern Himalayas, any alterations in this biodiversity-rich area can have significant and far-reaching consequences. Indigenous tribes of this region believe in the remarkable healing properties of certain medicinal plants, and within its diverse population of around 225 communities, each tribal and sub-tribal group possesses distinct traditional knowledge. Capturing and harnessing this indigenous wisdom by scientists and researchers could unlock new avenues for progress, particularly within the pharmaceutical sector. Climate change stands as one of the paramount global environmental challenges. Predictions indicate that by the close of the 21st century, the Earth's average temperature might rise by anywhere between 0.3 to 4.8 °C, accompanied by a potential sea level increase of 26 to 82 cm. These climate shifts could have adverse effects on the abundance and accessibility of medicinal plants, potentially leading to species extinction. Moreover, the impact of climate change could extend beyond availability to also encompass alterations in the pharmacological properties of various plants, particularly those found in alpine environments. This discussion underscores the importance of existing knowledge, critical analyses, challenges, opportunities, and the immense value of medicinal plants. It emphasizes the intersection of changing climate and the vulnerability of medicinal plant resources, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of these effects in the context of the North Eastern region of India. To address these challenges, there is a pressing need for in-depth research on the geographical distribution of plant communities and strategies to enhance the secondary synthesis of critically endangered medicinal plants under the current climate change scenarios.
{"title":"Biodiversity and Indigenous Medicinal Knowledge of North-East India: Navigating Climate Change Impacts on Medicinal Plants for Conservation and Advancement -","authors":"Amie Chakma, None Manikantan Pappuswamy, None Aditi Chaudhary, None Arun Meyyazhagan, None A. Vijaya Anand, None Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian","doi":"10.14719/pst.2374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2374","url":null,"abstract":"The northeastern region of India holds the sixth position among the world's 25 biodiversity hotspots, covering approximately 8% of the nation's total land area, which amounts to 262,060 square kilometers. Situated in the eastern Himalayas, any alterations in this biodiversity-rich area can have significant and far-reaching consequences. Indigenous tribes of this region believe in the remarkable healing properties of certain medicinal plants, and within its diverse population of around 225 communities, each tribal and sub-tribal group possesses distinct traditional knowledge. Capturing and harnessing this indigenous wisdom by scientists and researchers could unlock new avenues for progress, particularly within the pharmaceutical sector. Climate change stands as one of the paramount global environmental challenges. Predictions indicate that by the close of the 21st century, the Earth's average temperature might rise by anywhere between 0.3 to 4.8 °C, accompanied by a potential sea level increase of 26 to 82 cm. These climate shifts could have adverse effects on the abundance and accessibility of medicinal plants, potentially leading to species extinction. Moreover, the impact of climate change could extend beyond availability to also encompass alterations in the pharmacological properties of various plants, particularly those found in alpine environments. This discussion underscores the importance of existing knowledge, critical analyses, challenges, opportunities, and the immense value of medicinal plants. It emphasizes the intersection of changing climate and the vulnerability of medicinal plant resources, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of these effects in the context of the North Eastern region of India. To address these challenges, there is a pressing need for in-depth research on the geographical distribution of plant communities and strategies to enhance the secondary synthesis of critically endangered medicinal plants under the current climate change scenarios.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dwity Sundar Rout, George William Barla, Avisweta Nandy, Subrat Kumar Mahapatra
The study on the “Extent of adoption of off-season vegetable cultivation by tribal farmers in Koraput district of Odisha” was conducted using Ex-Post-Facto research design. The study was conducted in the Koraput and Semiliguda blocks of Koraput district, Odisha, with a sample size of 120. The study used an ex-post facto research approach that combined random and purposeful sampling methods. While the gram panchayats, villages, and respondents were chosen at random, the district and blocks were purposefully chosen. The responses were obtained from each individual respondent through a structured interview schedule. Regarding adoption, the majority (75%) of off-season vegetable growers had medium adoption levels. With mean scores of 2.93, 3.00, 3.00, 2.87, 2.75, and 1.25 in regards to production, management, conservation, marketing, training, and capacity building, as well as supporting data, farmers have more adoption of land suitability, crop rotation, across-slope ploughing, input availability, discussion meetings, and crop insurance, respectively. To augment off-season vegetable production in the state in general and Koraput in particular, the latest proven and viable technology for off-season vegetable production needs to be diffused through various extension activities to accelerate its adoption. Again, the new, tried-and-true vegetable-growing techniques should be disseminated through several extension programmes to speed their adoption.
{"title":"The extent of adoption of off-season vegetable cultivation by tribal farmers in Koraput district of Odisha","authors":"Dwity Sundar Rout, George William Barla, Avisweta Nandy, Subrat Kumar Mahapatra","doi":"10.14719/pst.2156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2156","url":null,"abstract":"The study on the “Extent of adoption of off-season vegetable cultivation by tribal farmers in Koraput district of Odisha” was conducted using Ex-Post-Facto research design. The study was conducted in the Koraput and Semiliguda blocks of Koraput district, Odisha, with a sample size of 120. The study used an ex-post facto research approach that combined random and purposeful sampling methods. While the gram panchayats, villages, and respondents were chosen at random, the district and blocks were purposefully chosen. The responses were obtained from each individual respondent through a structured interview schedule. Regarding adoption, the majority (75%) of off-season vegetable growers had medium adoption levels. With mean scores of 2.93, 3.00, 3.00, 2.87, 2.75, and 1.25 in regards to production, management, conservation, marketing, training, and capacity building, as well as supporting data, farmers have more adoption of land suitability, crop rotation, across-slope ploughing, input availability, discussion meetings, and crop insurance, respectively. To augment off-season vegetable production in the state in general and Koraput in particular, the latest proven and viable technology for off-season vegetable production needs to be diffused through various extension activities to accelerate its adoption. Again, the new, tried-and-true vegetable-growing techniques should be disseminated through several extension programmes to speed their adoption.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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