Establishing all plant’s correct identity and nomenclature is crucial in the current context. Therefore, an updated list and nomenclature status of sedges of western Uttar Pradesh, India has been provided in this article. This research paper incorporates extensive consultation of taxonomic databases, examination of type specimens and scrutiny of published works, including Ph.D thesis, research papers, books, and floras. To ensure the accuracy of binomial nomenclature, a systematic approach is adopted, starting with the utilization of search engines to cross-verify and validate taxonomic information. This includes a rigorous examination of online databases and repositories to access up-to-date information on botanical nomenclature. This paper aims to provideaccepted binomials with correct author citations of the sedges growing in western Uttar Pradesh because several names in the published literature are not accepted now. Such publications include several synonyms as accepted name, as well as mistakes in authority. A pivotal aspect of this work involves the verification of binomial identities through the examination of protologues and type specimens. Keeping this in mind, a comprehensive study for solving and updating nomenclature issues hasbeen carried out using different databases, websites and recent publications. We updated the nomenclature of all sedges of western Uttar Pradesh included in publications after 1959. Review of literature and field studies shows that western Uttar Pradesh includes a total of 91 species belonging to 14 genera published in 18 publications. In this study, 25 names of past publications were corrected. This is the first report on updated name changes in the floristic component of western Uttar Pradesh, where 41 names of sedges have been updated. This research paper covers the accepted name, synonym, taxonomic treatment, and typification.
{"title":"Nomenclatural updates in the sedge-flora of western Uttar Pradesh","authors":"Vivek Kumar, Vijai Malik","doi":"10.14719/pst.2761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2761","url":null,"abstract":"Establishing all plant’s correct identity and nomenclature is crucial in the current context. Therefore, an updated list and nomenclature status of sedges of western Uttar Pradesh, India has been provided in this article. This research paper incorporates extensive consultation of taxonomic databases, examination of type specimens and scrutiny of published works, including Ph.D thesis, research papers, books, and floras. To ensure the accuracy of binomial nomenclature, a systematic approach is adopted, starting with the utilization of search engines to cross-verify and validate taxonomic information. This includes a rigorous examination of online databases and repositories to access up-to-date information on botanical nomenclature. This paper aims to provideaccepted binomials with correct author citations of the sedges growing in western Uttar Pradesh because several names in the published literature are not accepted now. Such publications include several synonyms as accepted name, as well as mistakes in authority. A pivotal aspect of this work involves the verification of binomial identities through the examination of protologues and type specimens. Keeping this in mind, a comprehensive study for solving and updating nomenclature issues hasbeen carried out using different databases, websites and recent publications. We updated the nomenclature of all sedges of western Uttar Pradesh included in publications after 1959. Review of literature and field studies shows that western Uttar Pradesh includes a total of 91 species belonging to 14 genera published in 18 publications. In this study, 25 names of past publications were corrected. This is the first report on updated name changes in the floristic component of western Uttar Pradesh, where 41 names of sedges have been updated. This research paper covers the accepted name, synonym, taxonomic treatment, and typification.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lekshmi Suresh, Shailajakumari S. Sabarimuthan, William Decruse
Mycorrhiza-assisted cultivation of orchid seedlings has immense potential for enhanced growth and adaptability of orchids to facilitate conservation and cultivation with minimum application of nutrients and plant protection chemicals. Phalaenopsis hybrids are highly attractive and cultivated mostly as potted orchid plants and are prone to several fungal pathogens. The present study evaluates the effect of 4 orchid symbionts in combination with NPK fertilizer on the seedling growth of symbiotic seedlings of Phalaenopsis white and day-star hybrids under ex-vitro conditions. Four fungal isolates viz., Ceratobasidium_Wyd2 (MW595786; MTCC13384), Ceratobasidium_Idk (MW595787: MTCC13383), Ceratobasidium_Vs1 (OL374050; MTCC13377) and Ceratobasidium _Vs2 (OL374052: MTCC13378) grown on sterilized coir pith medium for 10 days and were transferred onto earthen pots for planting of seedlings. One-year-old seedlings used for the study possessed an average 2.70 g fresh weight. On conclusion of the experiment, after 6 months, the seedlings of day-star hybrid grown in the presence of both fungus and NPK fertilizer exhibited enhanced growth compared to either of them applied individually. The highest weight gain was supported by VS1 (12.4±1.8 g) followed by VS2 (10.7± 4.6 g) and Wyd2 (9.8±1.7 g). Those fungi also supported appreciable growth individually, giving 6.5±3.1, 6.9±2.2, and 6.5±0.8 g weight gain respectively. If the nutrient alone was applied, the weight gain was very low (2.8±0.9 g) nearly equal to control (1.8±1.8 g) without having fungi or nutrients. The mycorrhizae re-isolated from the roots of seedlings exhibiting enhanced growth were confirmed as Vs1 and Vs2 through sequencing of the ITS region. Formulation of a potting medium including Ceratobasidium species isolates VS1 and VS2 is thus possible to grow Phalaenopsis seedlings to get enhanced growth.
{"title":"Ceratobasidium sp isolates from native orchid species of Western Ghats, India support enhanced growth of Phalaenopsis hybrid seedlings","authors":"Lekshmi Suresh, Shailajakumari S. Sabarimuthan, William Decruse","doi":"10.14719/pst.2949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2949","url":null,"abstract":"Mycorrhiza-assisted cultivation of orchid seedlings has immense potential for enhanced growth and adaptability of orchids to facilitate conservation and cultivation with minimum application of nutrients and plant protection chemicals. Phalaenopsis hybrids are highly attractive and cultivated mostly as potted orchid plants and are prone to several fungal pathogens. The present study evaluates the effect of 4 orchid symbionts in combination with NPK fertilizer on the seedling growth of symbiotic seedlings of Phalaenopsis white and day-star hybrids under ex-vitro conditions. Four fungal isolates viz., Ceratobasidium_Wyd2 (MW595786; MTCC13384), Ceratobasidium_Idk (MW595787: MTCC13383), Ceratobasidium_Vs1 (OL374050; MTCC13377) and Ceratobasidium _Vs2 (OL374052: MTCC13378) grown on sterilized coir pith medium for 10 days and were transferred onto earthen pots for planting of seedlings. One-year-old seedlings used for the study possessed an average 2.70 g fresh weight. On conclusion of the experiment, after 6 months, the seedlings of day-star hybrid grown in the presence of both fungus and NPK fertilizer exhibited enhanced growth compared to either of them applied individually. The highest weight gain was supported by VS1 (12.4±1.8 g) followed by VS2 (10.7± 4.6 g) and Wyd2 (9.8±1.7 g). Those fungi also supported appreciable growth individually, giving 6.5±3.1, 6.9±2.2, and 6.5±0.8 g weight gain respectively. If the nutrient alone was applied, the weight gain was very low (2.8±0.9 g) nearly equal to control (1.8±1.8 g) without having fungi or nutrients. The mycorrhizae re-isolated from the roots of seedlings exhibiting enhanced growth were confirmed as Vs1 and Vs2 through sequencing of the ITS region. Formulation of a potting medium including Ceratobasidium species isolates VS1 and VS2 is thus possible to grow Phalaenopsis seedlings to get enhanced growth.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rashmi Nayak, Anil Kumar Verma, N Manika, L. Chaudhary, S. Behera, K. Bargali, V. N. Pandey
An assessment of the distribution pattern of Invasive Alien Plant species in the Sikkim Himalayas was conducted at different elevation gradients and accordingly, management strategies were recommended to combat the ever-increasing condition of invasive plant species threatening the sensitive ecoregions. Among the most relevant factors supporting the present study were changes in the importance value index (IVI), variety, and evenness. There is a greater percentage of domination of invasion at lower elevations than at higher elevations. Species diversity, dominance, and evenness values decreased significantly at higher elevations; interestingly, the fraction of invaded regions is lower at higher elevations. Several factors may contribute to the large cover of invasive plants at lower elevations, including the enabling climate and anthropogenic activities. As a result of invasive alien plant species, such as Ageratum conyzoides, Ageratina adenophora, Bidens pilosa, Chromolaena odorata, Lantana camara, Mikania micrantha and Parthenium hysterophorus, native vegetation, and fauna may suffer adverse consequences, as well as socioeconomic conditions and health issues. This study determined that the invasion of these invasive alien plants in different elevations in the Sikkim Himalaya impacts ecosystem services and depletes several species of commercial importance. The current study recommends quick action to control harmful invasive alien plant species in the Sikkim Himalaya
{"title":"Distribution pattern and management of invasive alien plant species in Sikkim Himalaya, India","authors":"Rashmi Nayak, Anil Kumar Verma, N Manika, L. Chaudhary, S. Behera, K. Bargali, V. N. Pandey","doi":"10.14719/pst.2968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2968","url":null,"abstract":"An assessment of the distribution pattern of Invasive Alien Plant species in the Sikkim Himalayas was conducted at different elevation gradients and accordingly, management strategies were recommended to combat the ever-increasing condition of invasive plant species threatening the sensitive ecoregions. Among the most relevant factors supporting the present study were changes in the importance value index (IVI), variety, and evenness. There is a greater percentage of domination of invasion at lower elevations than at higher elevations. Species diversity, dominance, and evenness values decreased significantly at higher elevations; interestingly, the fraction of invaded regions is lower at higher elevations. Several factors may contribute to the large cover of invasive plants at lower elevations, including the enabling climate and anthropogenic activities. As a result of invasive alien plant species, such as Ageratum conyzoides, Ageratina adenophora, Bidens pilosa, Chromolaena odorata, Lantana camara, Mikania micrantha and Parthenium hysterophorus, native vegetation, and fauna may suffer adverse consequences, as well as socioeconomic conditions and health issues. This study determined that the invasion of these invasive alien plants in different elevations in the Sikkim Himalaya impacts ecosystem services and depletes several species of commercial importance. The current study recommends quick action to control harmful invasive alien plant species in the Sikkim Himalaya","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140450526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Choudhury, Shinjan Dey, Chandrama Mukherjee, Sayani Datta, Sikha Dutta
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a powerful tool to maintain sustainable agriculture and promote plant resistance to biotic and abiotic types of stress. Salinity, a major abiotic stress hampers plant growth, development, and yield. Salt-tolerant PGPR are effective agents for ameliorating salinity effects on rice plants. The present study endeavored to isolate, determine halotolerant ability, characterize Plant Growth Promoting (PGP) traits, and finally observe the effect of PGPR strain on plant growth promotion of rice plants under saline and non-saline conditions. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique, the rhizobacterial strain DB2 was identified as Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579(T) from NCMR, NCCS Pune. To check the growth-promoting ability, the strain was inoculated with two rice genotypes named Chinsurah Nona I (salt tolerant-non aromatic) and Badshabhog (aromatic) under polyhouse conditions. Results showed a significant increment in relative water content (RWC), total chlorophyll content (TCC), root length (RL), and shoot length (SL) in both rice genotypes inoculated with DB2 under both saline and non-saline conditions. Under non-saline conditions enhancement of RWC, TCC, RL, and SL was better in DB2 inoculated Chinsurah Nona I than in Badshabhog inoculated with DB2. Whereas, DB2-inoculated Badshabhog showed more recovery of RWC, TCC, RL, and SL than DB2-inoculated Chinsurah Nona I under saline conditions. Under salt stress conditions, inoculation with the rhizobacterial strain showed a significant reduction in electrolytic leakage (EL) in rhizobacteria inoculated with both rice genotypes. Moreover, DB2 inoculation showed a significant reduction in Na+ content in the roots of Chinsurah Nona I (44.6%) and Badshabhog (24.5%) rice genotypes. The present study has indicated that the application of salt-tolerant PGPR may be an effective and sustainable solution for rice cultivation under salt-stress conditions.
{"title":"Bacillus cereus: an effective bio-inoculant for promoting salt stress tolerance of rice seedlings under saline soil conditions","authors":"D. Choudhury, Shinjan Dey, Chandrama Mukherjee, Sayani Datta, Sikha Dutta","doi":"10.14719/pst.3096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.3096","url":null,"abstract":"Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a powerful tool to maintain sustainable agriculture and promote plant resistance to biotic and abiotic types of stress. Salinity, a major abiotic stress hampers plant growth, development, and yield. Salt-tolerant PGPR are effective agents for ameliorating salinity effects on rice plants. The present study endeavored to isolate, determine halotolerant ability, characterize Plant Growth Promoting (PGP) traits, and finally observe the effect of PGPR strain on plant growth promotion of rice plants under saline and non-saline conditions. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique, the rhizobacterial strain DB2 was identified as Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579(T) from NCMR, NCCS Pune. To check the growth-promoting ability, the strain was inoculated with two rice genotypes named Chinsurah Nona I (salt tolerant-non aromatic) and Badshabhog (aromatic) under polyhouse conditions. Results showed a significant increment in relative water content (RWC), total chlorophyll content (TCC), root length (RL), and shoot length (SL) in both rice genotypes inoculated with DB2 under both saline and non-saline conditions. Under non-saline conditions enhancement of RWC, TCC, RL, and SL was better in DB2 inoculated Chinsurah Nona I than in Badshabhog inoculated with DB2. Whereas, DB2-inoculated Badshabhog showed more recovery of RWC, TCC, RL, and SL than DB2-inoculated Chinsurah Nona I under saline conditions. Under salt stress conditions, inoculation with the rhizobacterial strain showed a significant reduction in electrolytic leakage (EL) in rhizobacteria inoculated with both rice genotypes. Moreover, DB2 inoculation showed a significant reduction in Na+ content in the roots of Chinsurah Nona I (44.6%) and Badshabhog (24.5%) rice genotypes. The present study has indicated that the application of salt-tolerant PGPR may be an effective and sustainable solution for rice cultivation under salt-stress conditions.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140450294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ridhdhi Karangiya, Kiran Dangar, Kamlesh Gadhvi, S. Vyas
This study aimed to investigate the impact of heavy metal pollution on the mangrove ecosystem on the Gujarat coast, which is facing pressure due to rapid industrialization. The concentrations of 5 heavy metals, including Pb+2, Cd+2, Zn+2, Cu+2, Fe+2 and Mn+2, were measured in the sediments and tissues of 4 mangrove species, Avicennia marina (Family: Acanthaceae), Rhizophora mucronata (Family: Rhizophoraceae), Ceriops tagal (Family: Rhizophoraceae) and Aegiceras corniculatum (Family: Primulaceae), in 8 habitats along the coast of Gujarat, India. The results indicated that the sediments in the study sites had relatively high heavy metal accretion (Pb+2 > Cu+2 > Fe+2 > Zn+2 > Mn+2 > Cd+2), but A. marina selectively accumulated only Cu (3.59 ppm) and Zn (0.63 ppm), while avoiding other heavy metals. The morphology of the plants did not show any visible impact from heavy metals stress. These findings highlight the significance of comprehending how industrial pollution affects mangrove ecosystems and the potential processes by which these plants can adapt to survive in such settings. Another advantage of mangroves is their capacity to absorb pollutants from many environments. Mangrove stems play a major role in absorbing pollutants.
{"title":"Assessment of heavy metals retention in sediments and mangroves along the Saurashtra coast, Gujarat","authors":"Ridhdhi Karangiya, Kiran Dangar, Kamlesh Gadhvi, S. Vyas","doi":"10.14719/pst.2581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2581","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the impact of heavy metal pollution on the mangrove ecosystem on the Gujarat coast, which is facing pressure due to rapid industrialization. The concentrations of 5 heavy metals, including Pb+2, Cd+2, Zn+2, Cu+2, Fe+2 and Mn+2, were measured in the sediments and tissues of 4 mangrove species, Avicennia marina (Family: Acanthaceae), Rhizophora mucronata (Family: Rhizophoraceae), Ceriops tagal (Family: Rhizophoraceae) and Aegiceras corniculatum (Family: Primulaceae), in 8 habitats along the coast of Gujarat, India. The results indicated that the sediments in the study sites had relatively high heavy metal accretion (Pb+2 > Cu+2 > Fe+2 > Zn+2 > Mn+2 > Cd+2), but A. marina selectively accumulated only Cu (3.59 ppm) and Zn (0.63 ppm), while avoiding other heavy metals. The morphology of the plants did not show any visible impact from heavy metals stress. These findings highlight the significance of comprehending how industrial pollution affects mangrove ecosystems and the potential processes by which these plants can adapt to survive in such settings. Another advantage of mangroves is their capacity to absorb pollutants from many environments. Mangrove stems play a major role in absorbing pollutants.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140454548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Zablul Tareq, Md. Abu Sadat, S. Islam, M. Fakir, Md. Alamgir Hossain
Jute has more than 100 globally distributed species and is well known for its bast fibre biogenesis as well as its nutritional and medicinal properties. Unfortunately, year-round jute cultivation is highly limited due to its photosensitive character. Therefore, this study was carried out to analyse the flowering behaviour of selected cultivated jute species and their wild relatives to support the year-round supply of jute vegetables. A total of eight jute genotypes viz., Merha red, Merha green, Merha pink, Birol red, Birol green, Birol pink, BJRI deshi pat shak-1, and BINA pat shak-1 were examined, with the latter two selected as controls. In most cases, the six wild species had more surviving plants per unit area, better plant height, and more leaves and branches compared with controls. The highest stem base diameter, leaf area, leaf dry weight, and shoot dry weight were recorded in the control species. Days to 1st flowering, days to average flowering, and days to seed maturity were significantly earlier in wild species compared with the controls, indicating the existence of photo-insensitive characters. The desired vegetative and reproductive properties with high heritability and genetic variability can likely be transmitted from wild germplasm to cultivated jute species through crossing to produce a photo-insensitive jute variety.
黄麻在全球分布有 100 多个品种，因其韧皮部纤维的生物生成及其营养和药用特性而闻名于世。遗憾的是，由于黄麻的光敏特性，其常年栽培受到很大限制。因此，本研究分析了部分栽培黄麻物种及其野生近缘种的开花行为，以支持黄麻蔬菜的全年供应。共研究了 8 种黄麻基因型，即 Merha 红、Merha 绿、Merha 粉、Birol 红、Birol 绿、Birol 粉、BJRI deshi pat shak-1 和 BINA pat shak-1，并选择后两种作为对照。在大多数情况下，与对照组相比，这六个野生物种单位面积上的存活植株数量更多，植株高度更高，叶片和枝条也更多。对照物种的茎基直径、叶面积、叶干重和芽干重最高。与对照组相比，野生种的初花日数、平均开花日数和种子成熟日数明显提前，这表明野生种存在对光不敏感的特征。具有高遗传率和遗传变异性的理想无性系和生殖特性很可能通过杂交从野生种质传播到栽培黄麻物种，从而培育出对光不敏感的黄麻品种。
{"title":"Day-neutral jute plant: a hallmark for developing new jute genotype","authors":"Md. Zablul Tareq, Md. Abu Sadat, S. Islam, M. Fakir, Md. Alamgir Hossain","doi":"10.14719/pst.2356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2356","url":null,"abstract":"Jute has more than 100 globally distributed species and is well known for its bast fibre biogenesis as well as its nutritional and medicinal properties. Unfortunately, year-round jute cultivation is highly limited due to its photosensitive character. Therefore, this study was carried out to analyse the flowering behaviour of selected cultivated jute species and their wild relatives to support the year-round supply of jute vegetables. A total of eight jute genotypes viz., Merha red, Merha green, Merha pink, Birol red, Birol green, Birol pink, BJRI deshi pat shak-1, and BINA pat shak-1 were examined, with the latter two selected as controls. In most cases, the six wild species had more surviving plants per unit area, better plant height, and more leaves and branches compared with controls. The highest stem base diameter, leaf area, leaf dry weight, and shoot dry weight were recorded in the control species. Days to 1st flowering, days to average flowering, and days to seed maturity were significantly earlier in wild species compared with the controls, indicating the existence of photo-insensitive characters. The desired vegetative and reproductive properties with high heritability and genetic variability can likely be transmitted from wild germplasm to cultivated jute species through crossing to produce a photo-insensitive jute variety.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140454631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Génesis Gallegos-Hernández, N. Almaraz-Abarca, E. A. Delgado-Alvarado, J. A. Ávila-Reyes, R. Torres-Ricario
Agave durangensis (Asparagaceae) sustains a mescal industry in Mexico. The main reproductive strategy of the species is by seeds. The increased demand for agave-based beverages encourages producers to seek new cultivation areas. However, more than half of the territory of the country includes arid and semiarid zones, which are highly affected by salinity. The aim of the current study was to determine if salinity triggers different seed germination potential and variable biochemical and chemical responses in seedlings of two populations of A. durangensis, that might confer different tolerance to salinity. Seeds from each population were irrigated with four salinity treatments. Germination potential, as well as growth parameters and biochemical and chemical attributes of seedlings, were determined. Although with reduced germinability and germination speed, seeds of the two populations were able to germinate even under the strongest NaCl concentration (100 mM) evaluated. Effects in the growth parameters were registered; however, the seedlings of both populations survived throughout the experiments, increasing chlorophyll content and cell viability in most saline treatments. The enzymatic defense mechanism and the accumulation of proline were activated in a salt-dependent manner, which did not occur with the phenolic compounds; however, monomeric anthocyanin accumulation was outstanding under the two strongest NaCl concentrations evaluated. Important interpopulation differences were registered in each type of response, which were differently regulated under variable NaCl concentrations, some of them being more important than others under a particular saline condition. Seeds from the population Durango were more sensitive to salinity.
{"title":"Variation of the chemical and biochemical responses to salinity during germination and early growth of seedlings of two populations of Agave durangensis Gentry","authors":"Génesis Gallegos-Hernández, N. Almaraz-Abarca, E. A. Delgado-Alvarado, J. A. Ávila-Reyes, R. Torres-Ricario","doi":"10.14719/pst.2963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2963","url":null,"abstract":"Agave durangensis (Asparagaceae) sustains a mescal industry in Mexico. The main reproductive strategy of the species is by seeds. The increased demand for agave-based beverages encourages producers to seek new cultivation areas. However, more than half of the territory of the country includes arid and semiarid zones, which are highly affected by salinity. The aim of the current study was to determine if salinity triggers different seed germination potential and variable biochemical and chemical responses in seedlings of two populations of A. durangensis, that might confer different tolerance to salinity. Seeds from each population were irrigated with four salinity treatments. Germination potential, as well as growth parameters and biochemical and chemical attributes of seedlings, were determined. Although with reduced germinability and germination speed, seeds of the two populations were able to germinate even under the strongest NaCl concentration (100 mM) evaluated. Effects in the growth parameters were registered; however, the seedlings of both populations survived throughout the experiments, increasing chlorophyll content and cell viability in most saline treatments. The enzymatic defense mechanism and the accumulation of proline were activated in a salt-dependent manner, which did not occur with the phenolic compounds; however, monomeric anthocyanin accumulation was outstanding under the two strongest NaCl concentrations evaluated. Important interpopulation differences were registered in each type of response, which were differently regulated under variable NaCl concentrations, some of them being more important than others under a particular saline condition. Seeds from the population Durango were more sensitive to salinity.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The term "allelopathy" refers to a biological process in which one organism produces biochemicals that impact another organism's growth, survival, and reproduction. Weeds pose a considerable risk to agricultural output because they prevent or stunt crop growth and development, resulting in substantial yield losses. Here, we examine the wide range of weeds in farming and other non-forested areas of Odisha's coastal districts. As many as 63 weed species, representing 31 families, were discovered here. The Asteraceae family has the most weed species (11), followed by the Euphorbiaceae family (9 species) and the Poaceae family (6 species). Amaranthaceae and Cucurbitaceae are also commonly found in the area of study. The data combing from the field with those from academic studies, this study improved our understanding of weeds. The paper also discusses the myriad ways natives have found to put weeds to good use. Many common weeds in the study area have long histories of use as a primary source of basic medical care. Most skin ailments, diarrhoea, jaundice, piles, and urinary problems treated with ethnomedicinal weeds are caused by parasites. Traditional cultures often used weeds in various ways, including food, animal feed, and medicine. Some plants have allelopathic impact in addition to their ethnomedical benefits. The authors of this paper present a complete and up-to-date inventory of the weed species detected in Odisha's coastal districts. It will be put to work protecting the region's unique plant and animal life. The allelopathic impacts on crops and the ethnobotanical uses of weeds have been uncovered through research.
{"title":"Study of medicinal and allelopathic effect of different weeds of Odisha, India","authors":"Ipsita Priyadarsini Samal, Sameer Jena, Srinivas Acharya, Ram Babu, Gyanranjan Mahalik","doi":"10.14719/pst.2877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2877","url":null,"abstract":"The term \"allelopathy\" refers to a biological process in which one organism produces biochemicals that impact another organism's growth, survival, and reproduction. Weeds pose a considerable risk to agricultural output because they prevent or stunt crop growth and development, resulting in substantial yield losses. Here, we examine the wide range of weeds in farming and other non-forested areas of Odisha's coastal districts. As many as 63 weed species, representing 31 families, were discovered here. The Asteraceae family has the most weed species (11), followed by the Euphorbiaceae family (9 species) and the Poaceae family (6 species). Amaranthaceae and Cucurbitaceae are also commonly found in the area of study. The data combing from the field with those from academic studies, this study improved our understanding of weeds. The paper also discusses the myriad ways natives have found to put weeds to good use. Many common weeds in the study area have long histories of use as a primary source of basic medical care. Most skin ailments, diarrhoea, jaundice, piles, and urinary problems treated with ethnomedicinal weeds are caused by parasites. Traditional cultures often used weeds in various ways, including food, animal feed, and medicine. Some plants have allelopathic impact in addition to their ethnomedical benefits. The authors of this paper present a complete and up-to-date inventory of the weed species detected in Odisha's coastal districts. It will be put to work protecting the region's unique plant and animal life. The allelopathic impacts on crops and the ethnobotanical uses of weeds have been uncovered through research.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The genus Oberonia is known for its micro floral arrangement. Due to its minute structure, excess of new species are reported. The present paper reveals the synonymization of two recently described species of the genus Oberonia viz. O. saintberchmansii and O. wynadensis under O. anamalayana and O. josephi respectively. The original illustration and live dissected images of the species are provided for easy identification.
小檗属因其微小的花序而闻名。由于其微小的结构，报告的新种过多。本文揭示了最近描述的两个 Oberonia 属物种的异名，即 O. saintberchmansii 和 O. wynadensis，分别归入 O. anamalayana 和 O. josephi。提供了物种的原始插图和活体解剖图像，以便于识别。
{"title":"Taxonomic notes on two endemic species of Oberonia Lindl. from Western Ghats, India","authors":"K. Kiruthika, M. Sulaiman, C. Murugan","doi":"10.14719/pst.2433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2433","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Oberonia is known for its micro floral arrangement. Due to its minute structure, excess of new species are reported. The present paper reveals the synonymization of two recently described species of the genus Oberonia viz. O. saintberchmansii and O. wynadensis under O. anamalayana and O. josephi respectively. The original illustration and live dissected images of the species are provided for easy identification.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A significant amount of phosphorus (P) becomes fixed by aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) in acidic soils, leading to decreased efficiency in P utilization and subsequently lowering crop yield. Enhanced P fertilization offers a potential solution, as the dicarboxylic acid polymer (DCAP) coating on P fertilizer promotes increased plant productivity and more effective P utilization. The improvement achieved through enhanced P fertilization can contribute to higher rice yields in acidic soils, accompanied by an increase in P solubility. The study aimed to determine the impact of DCAP-mixed phosphate fertilizer on P uptake by plants, absorption efficiency, and rice yield. The results demonstrated a significant increase in available P (about 3.5 mg P/kg) when DCAP was used in a greenhouse setting, resulting in elevated yields and total P absorption (ranging from 0.03 to 0.05 grams/pot). However, the addition of 60 kg of phosphate mixed with DCAP has not yet demonstrated a significant increase in available phosphorus in the soil compared to adding just 60 kg of phosphate. The application of phosphate at a dose of 30 kg of P2O5 mixed with DCAP for growth and phosphorus absorption yield results equivalent to using 60 kg of P2O5 without DCAP. Furthermore, the use of DCAP in conjuction with 50% P fertilizer increased P availability by the same amount as that achieved with 100% P fertilizer. Consequently, DCAP reduced chemical P fertilizer in the soil by approximately 50%. However, it is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of mixed phosphate fertilizer (DCAP) under field conditions before recommending its widespread use.
{"title":"Effect of phosphate fertilizer-coated Dicarboxylic Acid Polymer on rice yield and components under greenhouse conditions","authors":"Tran Van Hung, Ngo Ngoc Hung, V. Minh","doi":"10.14719/pst.2610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2610","url":null,"abstract":"A significant amount of phosphorus (P) becomes fixed by aluminium (Al) and iron (Fe) in acidic soils, leading to decreased efficiency in P utilization and subsequently lowering crop yield. Enhanced P fertilization offers a potential solution, as the dicarboxylic acid polymer (DCAP) coating on P fertilizer promotes increased plant productivity and more effective P utilization. The improvement achieved through enhanced P fertilization can contribute to higher rice yields in acidic soils, accompanied by an increase in P solubility. The study aimed to determine the impact of DCAP-mixed phosphate fertilizer on P uptake by plants, absorption efficiency, and rice yield. The results demonstrated a significant increase in available P (about 3.5 mg P/kg) when DCAP was used in a greenhouse setting, resulting in elevated yields and total P absorption (ranging from 0.03 to 0.05 grams/pot). However, the addition of 60 kg of phosphate mixed with DCAP has not yet demonstrated a significant increase in available phosphorus in the soil compared to adding just 60 kg of phosphate. The application of phosphate at a dose of 30 kg of P2O5 mixed with DCAP for growth and phosphorus absorption yield results equivalent to using 60 kg of P2O5 without DCAP. Furthermore, the use of DCAP in conjuction with 50% P fertilizer increased P availability by the same amount as that achieved with 100% P fertilizer. Consequently, DCAP reduced chemical P fertilizer in the soil by approximately 50%. However, it is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of mixed phosphate fertilizer (DCAP) under field conditions before recommending its widespread use.","PeriodicalId":20236,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science Today","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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