Pub Date : 2022-12-21DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2022.2160363
A. Oo, Y. Tsujimoto
ABSTRACT P-dipping is a practical approach for smallholder farmers to increase lowland rice yields with minimal fertilizer inputs by coating seedling roots with P-enriched slurry at transplanting. The effect of such localized application increases by concentrating more nutrients near the roots; however, this also increases the risk of salt stress known as fertilizer burning. The study aimed to identify the effect and burning risk of P-dipping on the initial rice growth under a range of temperatures. Rice seedlings were dipped instantly or for 2 h in slurry with different P2O5 concentrations at 0% (P0), 2.3% (P1), and 4.4% (P2), transplanted with the slurry attached to the seedling roots, and grown for 21–28 days at the day/night temperatures of 28°/20°C, 33°/25°C, and 36°/27°C. A significant interaction effect was detected between the P2O5 concentrations and growing temperatures on shoot biomass. With the P-dipping treatments, shoot biomass was increased 4.8–5.2 times at 28°/20°C. The effect of P-dipping became less significant with increasing temperatures because of the greater rates of withered leaves soon after transplanting. Burning damage was the greatest when the P2 treatment was combined with longer dipping duration at the 36°/27°C, nullifying the effect of P-dipping on shoot biomass. The results clearly showed that localized P application is more effective under lower temperatures, with lower risk of fertilizer burning. Elevated temperatures may disturb the effort to increase rice yields with minimal fertilizer inputs via localized application. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Localized phosphorus application via P-dipping is more effective for improving initial rice growth in lower temperature conditions","authors":"A. Oo, Y. Tsujimoto","doi":"10.1080/1343943X.2022.2160363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2022.2160363","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT P-dipping is a practical approach for smallholder farmers to increase lowland rice yields with minimal fertilizer inputs by coating seedling roots with P-enriched slurry at transplanting. The effect of such localized application increases by concentrating more nutrients near the roots; however, this also increases the risk of salt stress known as fertilizer burning. The study aimed to identify the effect and burning risk of P-dipping on the initial rice growth under a range of temperatures. Rice seedlings were dipped instantly or for 2 h in slurry with different P2O5 concentrations at 0% (P0), 2.3% (P1), and 4.4% (P2), transplanted with the slurry attached to the seedling roots, and grown for 21–28 days at the day/night temperatures of 28°/20°C, 33°/25°C, and 36°/27°C. A significant interaction effect was detected between the P2O5 concentrations and growing temperatures on shoot biomass. With the P-dipping treatments, shoot biomass was increased 4.8–5.2 times at 28°/20°C. The effect of P-dipping became less significant with increasing temperatures because of the greater rates of withered leaves soon after transplanting. Burning damage was the greatest when the P2 treatment was combined with longer dipping duration at the 36°/27°C, nullifying the effect of P-dipping on shoot biomass. The results clearly showed that localized P application is more effective under lower temperatures, with lower risk of fertilizer burning. Elevated temperatures may disturb the effort to increase rice yields with minimal fertilizer inputs via localized application. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20259,"journal":{"name":"Plant Production Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"28 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43408790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2022.2156893
Ophelia Osei Ulzen, M. M. Buri, Ephraim Sekyi-Annan, K. Devkota, E. Dossou-Yovo, Benedicta Essel Ayamba, E. Adjei
ABSTRACT Rice production in Ghana is limited by low varietal choices, which puts farmers at a disadvantage in meeting the market demand for consumers. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the yield potentials of improved rice varieties developed by the Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice), and (ii) to allow farmers to select improved varieties of their choice based on growth and yield, as observed in the field, in order to ensure a high adoption rate, increase productivity and food security. Two seasons (i.e. 2020 major and 2020–2021 minor) field experiments were conducted at two lowland within the Mankran watershed in the Ashanti region of Ghana. The experiment comprised thirteen (13) improved varieties and two local checks and was conducted using recommended good agronomic practices. The key findings of the study showed that growth and yield parameters vary significantly between varieties across locations. The biplot analysis showed that varieties FARO 66, SAHEL 317, and Amankwatia are the best in the major season while WITA 9, GT 11, ARS-957-BGJ-171-15-D-B, NERICA L36, and AGRA were the best in the minor season at both locations. Farmers’ preference for the varieties was based not only on growth and yield but on resistance to lodging, pests, and diseases. In conclusion, the best performing varieties have demonstrated yield potential which is about 92% higher than the yield of the local checks and can be recommended for adoption by farmers. Future breeding programs on these varieties should include the most preferred attributes by farmers in this study. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Yield potentials of improved rice varieties for increased lowland rice production within the mankran watershed in Ghana","authors":"Ophelia Osei Ulzen, M. M. Buri, Ephraim Sekyi-Annan, K. Devkota, E. Dossou-Yovo, Benedicta Essel Ayamba, E. Adjei","doi":"10.1080/1343943X.2022.2156893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2022.2156893","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rice production in Ghana is limited by low varietal choices, which puts farmers at a disadvantage in meeting the market demand for consumers. The objectives of this study were to (i) assess the yield potentials of improved rice varieties developed by the Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice), and (ii) to allow farmers to select improved varieties of their choice based on growth and yield, as observed in the field, in order to ensure a high adoption rate, increase productivity and food security. Two seasons (i.e. 2020 major and 2020–2021 minor) field experiments were conducted at two lowland within the Mankran watershed in the Ashanti region of Ghana. The experiment comprised thirteen (13) improved varieties and two local checks and was conducted using recommended good agronomic practices. The key findings of the study showed that growth and yield parameters vary significantly between varieties across locations. The biplot analysis showed that varieties FARO 66, SAHEL 317, and Amankwatia are the best in the major season while WITA 9, GT 11, ARS-957-BGJ-171-15-D-B, NERICA L36, and AGRA were the best in the minor season at both locations. Farmers’ preference for the varieties was based not only on growth and yield but on resistance to lodging, pests, and diseases. In conclusion, the best performing varieties have demonstrated yield potential which is about 92% higher than the yield of the local checks and can be recommended for adoption by farmers. Future breeding programs on these varieties should include the most preferred attributes by farmers in this study. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20259,"journal":{"name":"Plant Production Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"17 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47367482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2022.2155669
Katsunori Miyahara, Takuya Wada, S. Fukuoka, Masayuki Miyazaki, O. Yamaguchi, Masafumi Ishibashi, M. Kondo, N. Hamaoka, Yushi Ishibashi
ABSTRACT Degradation of the appearance of rice grains due to high temperatures during ripening is a serious problem being worsened by global warming. QTLs for tolerance to high temperature during ripening must be identified in order to develop new cultivars efficiently. Here, we developed recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from crosses between the high-temperature-tolerant ‘Genkitsukushi’ and the high-temperature-sensitive ‘Tsukushiroman’. The occurrence of white-back grains is significantly lower in ‘Genkitsukushi’ than in ‘Tsukushiroman’. We evaluated their high-temperature tolerance and performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. A QTL for white-back grains on chromosome (chr.) 6 and a large-effect QTL on chr. 8 were identified in the two-year experiments. The QTL on chr. 8 was close to one we previously detected using RILs derived from ‘Chikushi 52’ × ‘Tsukushiroman’. The results indicate that the QTL on chr. 6 is unique to ‘Genkitsukushi’ × ‘Tsukushiroman’, and that on chr. 8 could be identical between ‘Genkitsukushi’ and ‘Chikushi 52’. Backcrossed lines which harbor the QTL region on chr. 8 of ‘Genkitsukushi’ in the background of ‘Tsukushiroman’ verified its effects. We also analyzed the marker genotypes near the QTLs on chr. 6 and 8 in relatives of ‘Genkitsukushi’. We discuss the interaction between these QTLs and their relationship with high-temperature tolerance. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Identification of chromosome regions for high-temperature tolerance in the japonica rice cultivar ‘Genkitsukushi’ (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Katsunori Miyahara, Takuya Wada, S. Fukuoka, Masayuki Miyazaki, O. Yamaguchi, Masafumi Ishibashi, M. Kondo, N. Hamaoka, Yushi Ishibashi","doi":"10.1080/1343943X.2022.2155669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2022.2155669","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Degradation of the appearance of rice grains due to high temperatures during ripening is a serious problem being worsened by global warming. QTLs for tolerance to high temperature during ripening must be identified in order to develop new cultivars efficiently. Here, we developed recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from crosses between the high-temperature-tolerant ‘Genkitsukushi’ and the high-temperature-sensitive ‘Tsukushiroman’. The occurrence of white-back grains is significantly lower in ‘Genkitsukushi’ than in ‘Tsukushiroman’. We evaluated their high-temperature tolerance and performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. A QTL for white-back grains on chromosome (chr.) 6 and a large-effect QTL on chr. 8 were identified in the two-year experiments. The QTL on chr. 8 was close to one we previously detected using RILs derived from ‘Chikushi 52’ × ‘Tsukushiroman’. The results indicate that the QTL on chr. 6 is unique to ‘Genkitsukushi’ × ‘Tsukushiroman’, and that on chr. 8 could be identical between ‘Genkitsukushi’ and ‘Chikushi 52’. Backcrossed lines which harbor the QTL region on chr. 8 of ‘Genkitsukushi’ in the background of ‘Tsukushiroman’ verified its effects. We also analyzed the marker genotypes near the QTLs on chr. 6 and 8 in relatives of ‘Genkitsukushi’. We discuss the interaction between these QTLs and their relationship with high-temperature tolerance. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":20259,"journal":{"name":"Plant Production Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"88 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43482166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2022.2156892
Varun Kusampudi, Shilpa Kusampudi, B. Lakshmi
ABSTRACT Bacterial diseases are a major cause of yield loss in tomato plants worldwide, and there is a need to identify strategies for control of these diseases. Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (RS) and bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv vesicatoria (Xav) are amongst the bacterial diseases affecting tomato crops. The current study investigates Euphorbia hirta (E. hirta) methanol extract (EHM) for its antibacterial activity against RS, and Xav induced diseases in tomato plants, along with its biostimulant potential in increasing fruit yield. EHM at 1280 mg/L exhibited 90% inhibition in the growth of both RS and Xav bacteria. Further, evaluation of EHM on Arka Vikas, a susceptible tomato variety, showed that pre-treatment of 15 days and 45 days tomato plants with 1280 mg/L EHM exhibited moderate resistance to bacterial wilt and spot disease, respectively, with increased tomato yield and improved chlorophyll b levels compared to control plants. The effectiveness of EHM in increasing fruit yield was further confirmed using field evaluation on ‘Namdhari NS 538’ variety of tomato plants. A 3.5-fold increase in numbers and weight of tomato was observed with foliar application of EHM (1280 mg/L). A significant reduction in fruit spoilage along with an increase in mRNA level of ethylene receptor factor (ERF1) was also observed. The study is the first to demonstrate the cost-effective and eco-friendly antibacterial and biostimulant potential of EHM (1280 mg/L) for tomato plants. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Effect of foliar-applied Euphorbia hirta towards controlling bacterial diseases in tomato crops and enhancing fruit yield and shelf life","authors":"Varun Kusampudi, Shilpa Kusampudi, B. Lakshmi","doi":"10.1080/1343943X.2022.2156892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2022.2156892","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Bacterial diseases are a major cause of yield loss in tomato plants worldwide, and there is a need to identify strategies for control of these diseases. Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (RS) and bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv vesicatoria (Xav) are amongst the bacterial diseases affecting tomato crops. The current study investigates Euphorbia hirta (E. hirta) methanol extract (EHM) for its antibacterial activity against RS, and Xav induced diseases in tomato plants, along with its biostimulant potential in increasing fruit yield. EHM at 1280 mg/L exhibited 90% inhibition in the growth of both RS and Xav bacteria. Further, evaluation of EHM on Arka Vikas, a susceptible tomato variety, showed that pre-treatment of 15 days and 45 days tomato plants with 1280 mg/L EHM exhibited moderate resistance to bacterial wilt and spot disease, respectively, with increased tomato yield and improved chlorophyll b levels compared to control plants. The effectiveness of EHM in increasing fruit yield was further confirmed using field evaluation on ‘Namdhari NS 538’ variety of tomato plants. A 3.5-fold increase in numbers and weight of tomato was observed with foliar application of EHM (1280 mg/L). A significant reduction in fruit spoilage along with an increase in mRNA level of ethylene receptor factor (ERF1) was also observed. The study is the first to demonstrate the cost-effective and eco-friendly antibacterial and biostimulant potential of EHM (1280 mg/L) for tomato plants. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20259,"journal":{"name":"Plant Production Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"1 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42629553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2022.2150660
H. Shams, H. Omidi, M. Seif Sahandi
ABSTRACT Water deficiency is the most prominent constraint for crop production worldwide which is exacerbated by climate change. Developing drought-resistant species is a cost-effective solution to resolve the water lack problems in arid and semi-arid regions. A two-year study was conducted with the aim of developing the cultivation of Lallemantia royleana drought-resistant ecotypes in desert climates. Drought treatments were included control (−0.5 atm), mild (−3.5 atm), moderate (−6.5 atm), and severe (−9.5 atm). Balangu ecotypes were collected from Kalat in Khorasan Razavi province, Zakheh in Kurdistan province, Kondor in Alborz province, and Jupar in Kerman province. The results showed that Kondor and Jupar were drought-resistant ecotypes, and Kalat and Zakheh were drought-sensitive ecotypes. Growth traits, RWC, photosynthetic pigments content, seed yield, seed oil amount, and omega-6 fatty acids contents in all ecotypes decreased in drought conditions. On the contrary, the content of seed mucilage and soluble carbohydrates, the activity of APX, CAT, SOD, and POX, and the amount of phenol and proline increased. However, the drought-tolerant ecotypes produced more dry matter and seed yield under drought conditions. They can use a large amount of photosynthetic energy for biomass and seed production up to −6.5 atm of soil water potential. However, this ability is retained up to −3.5 atm of soil water potential in drought-sensitive ecotypes. Graphical Abstratct
{"title":"The impact of phytochemical, morpho-physiological, and biochemical changes of Lallemantia royleana (Benth.) on drought tolerance","authors":"H. Shams, H. Omidi, M. Seif Sahandi","doi":"10.1080/1343943X.2022.2150660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2022.2150660","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Water deficiency is the most prominent constraint for crop production worldwide which is exacerbated by climate change. Developing drought-resistant species is a cost-effective solution to resolve the water lack problems in arid and semi-arid regions. A two-year study was conducted with the aim of developing the cultivation of Lallemantia royleana drought-resistant ecotypes in desert climates. Drought treatments were included control (−0.5 atm), mild (−3.5 atm), moderate (−6.5 atm), and severe (−9.5 atm). Balangu ecotypes were collected from Kalat in Khorasan Razavi province, Zakheh in Kurdistan province, Kondor in Alborz province, and Jupar in Kerman province. The results showed that Kondor and Jupar were drought-resistant ecotypes, and Kalat and Zakheh were drought-sensitive ecotypes. Growth traits, RWC, photosynthetic pigments content, seed yield, seed oil amount, and omega-6 fatty acids contents in all ecotypes decreased in drought conditions. On the contrary, the content of seed mucilage and soluble carbohydrates, the activity of APX, CAT, SOD, and POX, and the amount of phenol and proline increased. However, the drought-tolerant ecotypes produced more dry matter and seed yield under drought conditions. They can use a large amount of photosynthetic energy for biomass and seed production up to −6.5 atm of soil water potential. However, this ability is retained up to −3.5 atm of soil water potential in drought-sensitive ecotypes. Graphical Abstratct","PeriodicalId":20259,"journal":{"name":"Plant Production Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"440 - 457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49288014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2022.2132965
Ci Fu Jhang, L. Sundar, Hong Bin Wu, Y. Chao
ABSTRACT In this study, red and yellow varieties of djulis (Chenopodium formosanum Koidz) were cultivated in spring and autumn, and the effects of calcium carbonate treatment on their growth traits, antioxidant capacity, and grain maturation were examined. This study showed that calcium carbonate treatment increased the plant height and stem thickness in the red variety of djulis. The treatment also significantly increases the yield components of the red variety of djulis, such as spike length and thousand-grain weight. Treating the red variety of djulis with calcium carbonate in spring significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activity such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. Interestingly, results indicated that calcium carbonate treatment could promote the early maturation of the mid-late-maturing red variety of djulis and delay the maturation of the early-maturing yellow variety. Hence this experiment concludes that the exogenous calcium treatment in djulis can regulate grain maturation and promote growth, yield, and antioxidant enzyme activity; however, the growing season and the varietal effects play a vital role in determining the overall productivity of the djulis crop. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Exogenous calcium fertilizer supplementation regulates production period in djulis (Chenopodium formosanum Koidz.)","authors":"Ci Fu Jhang, L. Sundar, Hong Bin Wu, Y. Chao","doi":"10.1080/1343943X.2022.2132965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2022.2132965","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, red and yellow varieties of djulis (Chenopodium formosanum Koidz) were cultivated in spring and autumn, and the effects of calcium carbonate treatment on their growth traits, antioxidant capacity, and grain maturation were examined. This study showed that calcium carbonate treatment increased the plant height and stem thickness in the red variety of djulis. The treatment also significantly increases the yield components of the red variety of djulis, such as spike length and thousand-grain weight. Treating the red variety of djulis with calcium carbonate in spring significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activity such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. Interestingly, results indicated that calcium carbonate treatment could promote the early maturation of the mid-late-maturing red variety of djulis and delay the maturation of the early-maturing yellow variety. Hence this experiment concludes that the exogenous calcium treatment in djulis can regulate grain maturation and promote growth, yield, and antioxidant enzyme activity; however, the growing season and the varietal effects play a vital role in determining the overall productivity of the djulis crop. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":20259,"journal":{"name":"Plant Production Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"421 - 433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46247703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2022.2136097
Akina Mizumoto, M. Tanio, Kazuhiro Watanabe, K. Nakazono, A. Uchino, T. Azuma
ABSTRACT Frost injury is a concern in early-sown spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the Tokai region of Japan. To assess the efficacy of ground rolling as a technique for avoiding frost injury, we investigated its effects on the apical development and yield of ‘Ayahikari’ spring wheat. In both 2018–19 and 2019–20, rolling delayed spikelet initiation by 4–5 days, the start of internode elongation by 5–12 days, and jointing by 3–9 days, but did not affect the apical development rate, which depended on the thermal time. Ground rolling prevented frost injury in 2018–19 but not in 2019–20, probably because the warmer-than-average winter promoted earlier jointing, and so plants were exposed to later low temperatures in February. These results suggest that ground rolling is an effective method for avoiding frost injury in spring wheat during cold winters. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Ground rolling delays apical development and reduces frost injury in early-sown spring wheat","authors":"Akina Mizumoto, M. Tanio, Kazuhiro Watanabe, K. Nakazono, A. Uchino, T. Azuma","doi":"10.1080/1343943X.2022.2136097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2022.2136097","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Frost injury is a concern in early-sown spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the Tokai region of Japan. To assess the efficacy of ground rolling as a technique for avoiding frost injury, we investigated its effects on the apical development and yield of ‘Ayahikari’ spring wheat. In both 2018–19 and 2019–20, rolling delayed spikelet initiation by 4–5 days, the start of internode elongation by 5–12 days, and jointing by 3–9 days, but did not affect the apical development rate, which depended on the thermal time. Ground rolling prevented frost injury in 2018–19 but not in 2019–20, probably because the warmer-than-average winter promoted earlier jointing, and so plants were exposed to later low temperatures in February. These results suggest that ground rolling is an effective method for avoiding frost injury in spring wheat during cold winters. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20259,"journal":{"name":"Plant Production Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"434 - 439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42450243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2022.2136723
J. Lienou, Sergine Ngatat, S. Nanga Nanga, A. D. Doumtsop Fotio, Albert Abang Fomumbod, A. Fotso Kuate, K. Fiaboe, C. Fonbah, Francis Ngome Ayebesone, E. Njukwe, A. Tenkouano, R. Hanna
ABSTRACT Plantain is one of the major staples contributing to food security and income generation in West and Central Africa. Local cultivars in Cameroon are susceptible to pests and diseases causing severe losses in plantain production. This study aimed at evaluating the agronomic performance and producer’s perception of plantain hybrids in the humid forest of Cameroon. Field trials were established in a completely randomized block design with eight genotypes and three replicates. Data on pest and disease as well as farmer perception were collected over two growing cycles. These genotypes included seven improved and one local genotype (check). Improved genotypes were highly tolerant to the Black Sigatoka disease compared to local plantain. While root necrosis index was above 50% in local varieties, indices below 25% were recorded in hybrids. Weevil severity in local was higher (55.0 ± 5.2%) compared to 21.0 ± 4.6% to 28.5 ± 3.2% in improved plantains. Average bunch weight was higher for FHIA 21 with 17.9 ± 0.7 kg in the first and 19.7 ± 0.3 kg for the second cycle, while those of the local Ebang were 9.6 ± 0.5 kg and 12.8 ± 0.9 kg, respectively. FHIA 21 and CRBP 568 were the preferred varieties by farmers (68.8% and 56.3% acceptance) from an agronomic perspective. The consumers’ preferences for all the genotypes varied with types of cooking. The implications of these findings for adoption by farmers and consumers as well as for the promotion of the plantain sector in central Africa are discussed. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Plantain hybrids for the humid forest agroecology of Central Africa – diseases and pests load, fruit yield and farmers perception","authors":"J. Lienou, Sergine Ngatat, S. Nanga Nanga, A. D. Doumtsop Fotio, Albert Abang Fomumbod, A. Fotso Kuate, K. Fiaboe, C. Fonbah, Francis Ngome Ayebesone, E. Njukwe, A. Tenkouano, R. Hanna","doi":"10.1080/1343943X.2022.2136723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2022.2136723","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Plantain is one of the major staples contributing to food security and income generation in West and Central Africa. Local cultivars in Cameroon are susceptible to pests and diseases causing severe losses in plantain production. This study aimed at evaluating the agronomic performance and producer’s perception of plantain hybrids in the humid forest of Cameroon. Field trials were established in a completely randomized block design with eight genotypes and three replicates. Data on pest and disease as well as farmer perception were collected over two growing cycles. These genotypes included seven improved and one local genotype (check). Improved genotypes were highly tolerant to the Black Sigatoka disease compared to local plantain. While root necrosis index was above 50% in local varieties, indices below 25% were recorded in hybrids. Weevil severity in local was higher (55.0 ± 5.2%) compared to 21.0 ± 4.6% to 28.5 ± 3.2% in improved plantains. Average bunch weight was higher for FHIA 21 with 17.9 ± 0.7 kg in the first and 19.7 ± 0.3 kg for the second cycle, while those of the local Ebang were 9.6 ± 0.5 kg and 12.8 ± 0.9 kg, respectively. FHIA 21 and CRBP 568 were the preferred varieties by farmers (68.8% and 56.3% acceptance) from an agronomic perspective. The consumers’ preferences for all the genotypes varied with types of cooking. The implications of these findings for adoption by farmers and consumers as well as for the promotion of the plantain sector in central Africa are discussed. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20259,"journal":{"name":"Plant Production Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"484 - 500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48360045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2022.2132966
K. Sasaki, M. Obara
ABSTRACT The total spikelet number (TSN) per panicle is an essential factor involved in grain yield among yield components in rice. IR64-NIL12 carrying qTSN12.2-YP4, which was detected on chromosome 12 for TSN per panicle, has been developed in a previous study. It is important to characterize the environment of gene function to increase yields. Thus, we attempted to evaluate IR64-NIL12 grown under no, low, and high fertilizer conditions in 2019 and 2020. Grain yields of IR64-NIL12 were significantly higher than that of IR64 in all conditions. The average grain yield of each condition for IR64 and IR64-NIL12 ranged from 387 to 616 g m−2. Therefore, qTSN12.2-YP4 would have an increasing effect on grain yield within this range. The ratio of fertility improved in IR64-NIL12. This rice line exhibited modified traits, such as tiller number and plant height (during the vegetative stage), as well as panicle number (at maturity), which may confer an advantage in terms of light-intercepting characteristics. We also focused on the number of unproductive tillers and dry weight per tiller at the heading stage to investigate the mechanism of the increasing effect of qTSN12.2-YP4 on TSN per panicle. There is a significant difference in dry weight per tiller at heading between IR64 and IR64-NIL12, but not in the percentage of unproductive tillers. Therefore, this result indicated that qTSN12.2-YP4 contributes to increasing dry weight per tiller until the heading stage and, consequently, TSN per panicle. Graphical abstract
摘要在水稻产量构成因素中，每穗总小穗数是影响产量的重要因素。在之前的一项研究中已经开发了携带qTSN12.2-YP4的IR64-NIL12，该基因在每穗TSN的12号染色体上被检测到。表征基因功能的环境对于提高产量是很重要的。因此，我们试图评估2019年和2020年在无肥、低肥和高肥条件下生长的IR64-NIL12。在所有条件下，IR64-NIL12的籽粒产量均显著高于IR64。IR64和IR64-NIL12在每种条件下的平均籽粒产量在387至616 g m−2之间。因此，在这个范围内，qTSN12.2-YP4对粮食产量有增加作用。IR64-NIL12的生育率有所提高。该水稻品系表现出改良的性状，如分蘖数和株高（营养期），以及穗数（成熟期），这可能在截光特性方面具有优势。我们还重点研究了抽穗期的非生产分蘖数和每穗干重，以探讨qTSN12.2-YP4对每穗TSN增加作用的机制。IR64和IR64-NIL12在抽穗期的单株干重方面存在显著差异，但在非生产分蘖的百分比方面没有显著差异。因此，这一结果表明，qTSN12.2-YP4有助于增加每穗干重，直到抽穗期，从而增加每穗TSN。图形摘要
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Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/1343943X.2022.2136722
Getachew Weldemichael Abrha, S. A. Kebede, Leta Tulu Bedada, Gezahegn Berecha Yadessa, Asfaw Adugna Gutu
ABSTRACT The performance of genotypes under diverse environments can be used to determine their adaptability and stability. However, information on the performance of coffee genotypes in various environmental conditions is limited. Thus, this study’s objectives were to estimate genotype by environment interaction (GEI), evaluate the mean performance and stability of 16 fruity flavored coffee genotypes in eight specialty coffee growing environments in western Ethiopia, and assess the magnitude of correlations among different stability parameters. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replications. For coffee yield, data were recorded and a combined analysis of variance and stability analysis were performed. Additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis revealed that genotypes, environments, and GEI showed highly significant differences (P < .0.01) for coffee bean yield. AMMI analysis also revealed that 73.2% of the GEI sum of squares for coffee bean yield was accounted for by the first three interaction principal component axes (IPCA). The standard check variety G16 (Menesibu), G3(W54/99), and G10 (W107/99) gave the highest average yields of 1537, 1458 and 1375 kg of clean coffee per hectare across environments, respectively. Despite no genotypes consistently performing well across environments due to the high GEI, G1 (W13/99) and G5 (W54/99) were relatively stable. Therefore, these were recommended as useful genetic resources for breeding of high-yielding genotypes. However, since all the genotypes gave a mean yield below the standard check variety, additional genotypes should be tested in more environments to develop stable and high-yielding coffee varieties. Graphical abstract
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