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The Perceived Barriers to Transition to Entrepreneurship: A Case of Sri Lanka 向创业过渡的障碍:斯里兰卡的案例
Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v14i1.7594
W. Tennakoon, A. Dilshani, P. Amarathunga, W. Wijethunga, S. Praveeni, W. Lasanthika
The Great Resignation, or the Big Quit, shook the world of work, leaving it questionable whether organizations could find and retain the necessary talents. Nevertheless, the shrinking Transition to Entrepreneurship (TE) demonstrated that developing countries were less affected by this massive attrition wave. However, in the context of developing countries, the causes of thinner TE remain unknown. The current study investigated the perceived barriers to TE in the Sri Lankan context. The present study followed a quantitative approach to test the extent to which demographic, environmental, motivational, human capital, and behavioral factors are perceived as barriers to TE intention. Participants in the field survey provided the data based on a psychometric measure with a seven-point response scale. Structured Equation Modelling (SEM) analyzed the data. According to the findings, employees in Sri Lankan context are more likely to avoid transitioning from their current employment to entrepreneurship because they perceive behavioral, human capital, and demographic factors as barriers to TE. However, the prospective entrepreneurs in the Sri Lanka did not perceive motivational and environmental factors as significant barriers to TE. The implications suggest modeling TE by incorporating the identified roadblocks to TE to predict entrepreneurial penetration in developing countries.
“大辞职”或“大辞职”震动了工作世界,使人们怀疑组织能否找到并留住必要的人才。然而,向创业转型(TE)的萎缩表明,发展中国家受这一大规模人员流失浪潮的影响较小。然而,在发展中国家,TE变薄的原因仍然未知。目前的研究调查了斯里兰卡背景下的认知障碍。本研究采用定量方法来测试人口、环境、动机、人力资本和行为因素在多大程度上被视为TE意向的障碍。现场调查的参与者提供的数据是基于心理测量学的7分反应量表。结构方程模型(SEM)分析了数据。根据调查结果,斯里兰卡的员工更有可能避免从目前的工作过渡到创业,因为他们认为行为、人力资本和人口因素是TE的障碍。然而,斯里兰卡的潜在企业家并不认为动机和环境因素是TE的重大障碍。研究结果表明,通过将已确定的障碍纳入发展中国家的发展中国家企业渗透率,对发展中国家的发展中国家企业渗透率进行建模。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Glass Ceiling Effect on Women’s Career Success with the MediatingRole of Women Empowerment: Perspective from Sri Lankan Hospitality Industry 玻璃天花板效应对女性职业成功的影响及女性赋权的中介作用:来自斯里兰卡酒店业的视角
Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v14i1.7595
R. N. Wijethunga, J. Ranasinghe, G. H. V. Harshani
This research explores the gender equality in the hospitality sector with the support of the Glass Ceiling Effect and how it applies to Women's Career Progress. Women's Career Progress. Women's career progress and women's empowerment being the dependent variable and mediator respectively, this study employed five independent variables as the key predictors of glass ceilings. Simple random sampling procedure was applied to select 123 respondents and SPSS and Smart PLS software were used to analyze the data. Research findings revealed that there is no impact of internal job mobility and organizational culture on women empowerment at 3 and above-star hotels in the Sri Lankan context due to having less P-Values than 0.05. Female representation in hotels was lower (7.40%) than male representation. By delegation of authority, fair performance reviews, training and incentives, scholarships, and flexible work arrangements are all ways to improve the qualification credentials of female employees.
本研究在玻璃天花板效应的支持下探讨了酒店业的性别平等问题,以及它如何适用于女性的职业发展。妇女的职业发展。女性职业进步和女性赋权分别作为因变量和中介变量,本研究采用5个自变量作为玻璃天花板的关键预测因子。采用简单随机抽样方法抽取123名调查对象,采用SPSS和Smart PLS软件对数据进行分析。研究发现,由于p值小于0.05,斯里兰卡三星级及以上酒店的内部工作流动性和组织文化对女性赋权没有影响。女性在酒店的比例(7.40%)低于男性。通过授权、公平的绩效考核、培训和奖励、奖学金和灵活的工作安排都是提高女性员工资格证书的方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Open Innovation on Firm Performance: Research Gaps 开放式创新对企业绩效的影响:研究缺口
Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v14i1.7599
M. G. M. Dilrukshi, C. N. Wickramasinghe
Open innovation can be considered as the critical branch of innovation management. It is an emerging field of research that is important for achieving sustainable competitive advantages through enhancing firm performance. This study aims to identify the research gaps in the effect of open innovation and firm performance based on the systematic literature review process. Depending on the systematic approach current study expects to find out research gaps and it targets to develop a conceptual framework to minimize the identified research gaps in the effect of open innovation and firm performance for future empirical investigations. An extensive literature review was implemented to achieve the research objectives through the adaptation of the desk research strategy. The systematic literature review process explored the effect of open innovation and firm performance was not entirely positive. Further, it discovered the three research gaps between open innovation and firm performance mainly. A conceptual framework was developed to minimize the identified research gaps by identifying a new variable to the established relationship. The literature survey and logical arguments provide a solid foundation to build up the conceptual framework. It was proposed to be tested empirically in the research context of listed companies in Sri Lanka by future researchers.
开放式创新是创新管理的一个重要分支。这是一个新兴的研究领域,对于通过提高企业绩效来获得可持续的竞争优势非常重要。本研究旨在通过系统的文献回顾方法,找出开放式创新对企业绩效影响的研究缺口。根据系统的方法,目前的研究希望找出研究差距,并制定一个概念框架,以最大限度地减少开放式创新和企业绩效影响的研究差距,以供未来的实证研究。广泛的文献综述实施,以实现通过适应书桌研究策略的研究目标。系统的文献回顾过程发现开放式创新对企业绩效的影响并不完全是正向的。进一步发现开放式创新与企业绩效之间主要存在三个研究缺口。开发了一个概念性框架,通过确定已建立的关系的新变量来最大限度地减少已确定的研究差距。文献综述和逻辑论证为构建概念框架提供了坚实的基础。未来的研究人员提出了在斯里兰卡上市公司的研究背景下进行实证检验的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of Self-Efficacy on Undergraduate Academic Achievement 自我效能感对大学生学业成就的决定因素
Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v14i1.7597
S. Priyadharsan, A. Saravanabawan
This research focuses on the main theme of the determinants of self-efficacy on undergraduate academic achievement, particularly considering the Trincomalee Campus, Eastern University, Sri Lanka. Self-efficacy refers to people who believe in their own capabilities and abilities to accomplish a given task. When it comes to undergraduates in the university system, they are valuable stakeholders. Nowadays, the student-centered learning approach is practiced by universities, it is to be responsible for their own pedagogical progress. Their self-efficacy helps them to manifest themselves and achieve their academic performance. Therefore, self-efficacy plays a vital role in their academic achievement. Identify the objectives of this research, to discover the relationship between self-efficacy and academic achievement, to what extent does self-efficacy influence on academic achievement and to recognize the attitudes that play a role in mediating the relationship between self-efficacy and academic achievement. A particularly representative sample was selected from undergraduate management students at the Trincomalee Campus. The selected sample size is 234. Conceptual variables cover performance accomplishment, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, physiological & emotional state, attitudes, and academic achievement. The researcher use the Sobel test for the data analysis. Based on the results, the main influencing factors are verbal persuasion and performance accomplishment. Academic achievement is not significantly related to physiological & emotional state and vicarious experience.
本研究侧重于自我效能感对本科学业成就的决定因素的主题,特别是考虑到亭可马里校区,东部大学,斯里兰卡。自我效能感是指人们相信自己的能力和完成既定任务的能力。对于大学系统中的本科生来说,他们是有价值的利益相关者。如今,以学生为中心的学习方式被大学所实践,它是对自己的教学进步负责。他们的自我效能感帮助他们表现自我,实现学业成绩。因此,自我效能感对他们的学业成绩起着至关重要的作用。确定本研究的目的,发现自我效能感与学业成就之间的关系,自我效能感对学业成就的影响程度,并认识到在自我效能感与学业成就之间的关系中起中介作用的态度。一个特别有代表性的样本是从亭可马里校区的管理学本科生中挑选出来的。选取的样本量为234。概念变量包括绩效成就、替代经验、言语说服、生理和情绪状态、态度和学业成就。研究人员使用Sobel检验进行数据分析。从研究结果来看,言语说服和绩效成就是主要的影响因素。学业成绩与生理、情绪状态和替代体验的关系不显著。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Mobile Banking Services on the Customer Satisfaction of Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka 手机银行服务对斯里兰卡商业银行客户满意度的影响
Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v14i1.7593
S. Dias, W. D. M. B. K. Dissanayake
The primary focus of this study is to identify the decisive factors that affect customer satisfaction with Mobile Banking Services. The identified independent variables of the study are reliability, efficiency, flexibility, easy-to-navigate, and trust. Primary data was collected through a structured questionnaire from 120 mobile bank users of Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka. The study population was mobile banking users of commercial banks in the Colombo District of Sri Lanka. The hypotheses have been tested through multiple linear regression and the correlation coefficient has been used to identify the relationship between the dependent variable and independent variables. The findings of the study show that there is a statistically significant impact of the reliability, efficiency, easy-to-navigate, and trust dimensions of mobile banking services on customer satisfaction whereas flexibility has a statistically insignificant impact. Easy to navigate and reliability were the most influential dimensions compared to the rest of the mobile banking dimensions and the researcher recommended that commercial banks should expand the web and mobile app quality in order to achieve higher customer satisfaction with mobile banking services.
本研究的主要重点是确定影响客户对手机银行服务满意度的决定性因素。该研究确定的自变量是可靠性、效率、灵活性、易于导航和信任。通过对斯里兰卡商业银行的120名移动银行用户进行结构化问卷调查,收集了主要数据。研究人群为斯里兰卡科伦坡地区商业银行的移动银行用户。通过多元线性回归对假设进行了检验,并使用相关系数来识别因变量和自变量之间的关系。研究结果表明,手机银行服务的可靠性、效率、易于操作和信任维度对客户满意度的影响在统计上显著,而灵活性的影响在统计上不显著。与其他移动银行维度相比,易于导航和可靠性是最具影响力的维度,研究人员建议商业银行应该扩大网络和移动应用程序的质量,以提高客户对移动银行服务的满意度。
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引用次数: 0
Factors Affecting Foreign Direct Investments: Evidence from Sri Lanka 影响外国直接投资的因素:来自斯里兰卡的证据
Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v14i1.7600
H. Y. Karunaratne
This research highlights the critical significance of Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) for Sri Lanka's economic development by examining the key factors influencing FDI inflows. The study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and the Chow test, utilizing annual data spanning from 1972 to 2018. Three baskets of independent variables are considered: macroeconomic factors (GDP growth rate, inflation, trade openness, and external debt), infrastructure (communication as a proxy), and qualitative indicators (political rights index).The analysis reveals that external debt negatively impacts short-term FDIs, while trade openness has a positive effect. In contrast, GDP growth rate and inflation prove insignificant in both short and long terms. Infrastructure, represented by communication, demonstrates a long-term positive influence on FDIs, while the political rights index exhibits a negative impact in the short run, displaying the highest level of significance at 1 percent. Furthermore, the Chow test confirms a significant impact on FDI inflows resulting from the civil war in Sri Lanka (1983– 2009). These findings suggest that Sri Lanka can enhance FDI levels by prioritizing trade openness, improving communication infrastructure, and addressing political rights issues. These factors play a crucial role in creating a favorable investment climate and promoting sustainable economic growth. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of political stability and security in attracting foreign investors, as evidenced by the influence of the civil war on FDI inflows.
本研究通过考察影响外商直接投资流入的关键因素,凸显了外商直接投资(FDI)对斯里兰卡经济发展的重要意义。该研究采用了自回归分布滞后(ARDL)模型和Chow检验,利用了1972年至2018年的年度数据。考虑了三篮子自变量:宏观经济因素(GDP增长率、通货膨胀、贸易开放度和外债)、基础设施(以沟通为代表)和定性指标(政治权利指数)。分析表明,外债对短期fdi有负向影响,而贸易开放对短期fdi有正向影响。相比之下,GDP增长率和通货膨胀在短期和长期都被证明是微不足道的。以通信为代表的基础设施对外国直接投资表现出长期的积极影响,而政治权利指数在短期内表现出负面影响,显示出最高水平的1%的显著性。此外,Chow检验证实了斯里兰卡内战(1983 - 2009)对外国直接投资流入的重大影响。这些发现表明,斯里兰卡可以通过优先考虑贸易开放、改善通信基础设施和解决政治权利问题来提高外国直接投资水平。这些因素对创造良好的投资环境和促进经济可持续增长起着至关重要的作用。此外,研究报告强调了政治稳定和安全对吸引外国投资者的重要性,内战对外国直接投资流入的影响证明了这一点。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Consumer Attitude towards Nigeria-Made Products: Evidence from Anambra State in Nigeria 消费者对尼日利亚制造产品的态度评价:来自尼日利亚阿南布拉州的证据
Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v14i1.7598
S. C. Ilodigwe, A. O. Iheanacho, C. S. Moguluwa
This study is an empirical evaluation of consumers’ attitude towards made in Nigeria goods in Awka, the Eastern region of Nigeria. Survey research design was used for this investigation. To collect data for the study, a structured questionnaire was used in line with the research design. All consumers of goods in Awka metropolis market made-up the study population.The study covered 5 zones in Awka, which include Amenyi, Umuogbu, Umubele, Umuenechi, and Amikwo. 250 sample size was chosen comprising 50 respondents from each zones using the convenience sampling technique. Two hundred and fifty (250) copies of the questionnaire were administered, out of which 228 copies of the questionnaire were retrieved and adjudged usable for the study, indicating 91.2% response rate (228/250*100= 91.2%). Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistic, while the hypotheses were tested using chi-square ([]2). Data collected were analysed using simple percentage, while the hypotheses were tested using chi-square ([]2) statistics. The result obtained show that an improvement in the quality of made-in-Nigeria goods will create positive consumer attitude; the high price of made-in Nigeria goods affects consumers’ patronage. The study recommended that businesses must look for high-quality machines and materials, and that training and staff development must be a top priority if they want to guarantee the overall quality of products created locally among others.
本研究是对尼日利亚东部地区Awka消费者对尼日利亚制造商品态度的实证评估。本次调查采用调查研究设计。为了收集研究数据,采用了符合研究设计的结构化问卷。所有Awka大都市市场的商品消费者构成了研究人群。该研究覆盖了Awka的5个地区,包括Amenyi、Umuogbu、Umubele、Umuenechi和Amikwo。采用便利抽样技术,从每个地区选择250个样本量,其中50个受访者。共发放问卷250份,其中回收问卷228份,判定可用于本研究,回复率为91.2%(228/250*100= 91.2%)。收集的数据采用描述性统计分析,假设采用卡方检验([]2)。收集的数据采用简单百分比分析,假设采用卡方([]2)统计检验。研究结果表明,尼日利亚制造产品质量的提高将产生积极的消费者态度;尼日利亚制造商品的高价格影响了消费者的光顾。该研究建议,企业必须寻找高质量的机器和材料,如果他们想要保证当地生产的产品的整体质量,培训和员工发展必须成为重中之重。
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引用次数: 0
Audit Expectation Gap: A Comparative Literature Analysis of Private Sector and Public Sector 审计期望差距:私营部门与公共部门的比较文献分析
Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v14i1.7596
A. G. Deepal, A. Jayamaha
The Audit Expectation Gap (AEG) issues are steadily expanding around the globe, irrespective of the particular sector involved. A comparative analysis will be more crucial for the AEG literature since the significance of the expectation concerns stems from the concepts of "stewardship and public accountability", which are applicable to audits in both private and public sectors. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze the similarities and distinctions between the AEG studies conducted pertaining to the private and public sectors. This research is directed by theoretical considerations and arrives at conclusions based on the extant literature. An exhaustive search of the published literature was conducted by applying the search terms “expectation gap” and “audit expectation gap” combined with “public sector”, “government sector” and “performance audit” in the Google Scholar search engine and three databases of Scopus, Jstor, and Emerald were performed separately and independently for each sector from 1970 to 2022. Thus, only the articles published in reputable journals concerning the AEG were selected after applying some selection criteria. It was found that the research contexts, selected target populations, and the dimensions applied to assess AEG were selected after applying some selection criteria. It was found that the research context, selected target populations, and the dimensions applied to assess AEG were found to be significantly different, despite the fact that the definitions and statistical techniques used were found to be comparable in both sectors. This comparison study opens up a wealth of doors for conducting further research in the future.
审计期望差距(AEG)问题在全球范围内稳步扩大,无论涉及的特定部门如何。对AEG文献进行比较分析将更为重要,因为期望问题的重要性源于“管理和公共责任”的概念,这些概念适用于私营和公共部门的审计。因此,本研究的目的是分析与私营部门和公共部门有关的AEG研究之间的异同。本研究以理论考虑为指导,并在现有文献的基础上得出结论。在Google Scholar搜索引擎中,结合“public sector”、“government sector”和“performance audit”三个关键词,以“expectation gap”和“audit expectations gap”为检索词,对已发表的文献进行了详尽的检索,并分别对1970 - 2022年的各个部门分别进行了Scopus、Jstor和Emerald三个数据库的独立检索。因此,在应用一些选择标准后,只选择发表在知名期刊上的有关AEG的文章。研究发现,研究背景、选择的目标人群和评估AEG的维度是在应用了一定的选择标准后选择的。研究发现,研究背景、选定的目标人群和用于评估AEG的维度存在显著差异,尽管这两个部门使用的定义和统计技术具有可比性。这一比较研究为今后的进一步研究打开了丰富的大门。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Career Decision-Making of Management Undergraduates 情绪智力对管理学本科生职业决策的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v13i2.7574
U. H. P. U. Uduwaka, V. Gunasekara
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Costa & McCrae’s Big Five Personality Traits on Academic Motivation of Part-time Employed Undergraduates Costa & mcrae大五人格特征对兼职大学生学业动机的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v13i2.7579
H. N. Abeywickrama, D. M. Sachinthanee
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Wayamba Journal of Management
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