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The Application of International Internal Audit Standards by Licensed Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡持牌商业银行对国际内部审计准则的应用
Pub Date : 2020-06-25 DOI: 10.4038/WJM.V11I1.7491
I. A. N. S. Madurasinghe, W. Tennakoon
Compliance with the International Internal Audit Standards (IIASs) is obligatory to ensure the credibility of the audit reports. In Sri Lankan context, the extent of IIASs application by the financial institutions is still unclear as no formal investigation has been performed so far to address the same. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to assess the application of IIASs by the commercial banks of Sri Lanka. A quantitative research was carried out to reach the research objective. A field survey of population aided in deriving the empirical evidences. Unit of analysis was Licensed Commercial Banks (LCBs) in Sri Lanka. Closed-ended, self-administrated questionnaire was distributed among the internal auditors of LCBs. Opinions of respondents were solicited using a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. Regression model was used to analyse data with the support of SPSS statistical package. Results suggested a moderate level application of IIASs by LCBs. However, the extent of IIASs application found significantly vary among three categories of IIASs. The attribute standards seemed the heavily applied IIASs category by Sri Lankan LCBs compared to performance standards and implementation standards. The least level of application was evidenced with respect to performance standards. Theoretically, findings appear significant as there is a short of research work carried out in internal auditing, particularly on IIASs in the global context as well as in Asian context. As managerial implications of this research, it can be noted that LCBs should pay much attention in raising the application of IIASs where performance standards principally need much attention relative to other two standards.
遵守国际内部审计准则(IIASs)是确保审计报告可信度的义务。在斯里兰卡的情况下,金融机构应用国际会计准则的程度仍然不清楚,因为到目前为止还没有进行正式调查来解决这个问题。因此,本研究的目的是评估斯里兰卡商业银行对国际会计准则的应用。为了达到研究目的,进行了定量研究。对人口的实地调查有助于得出经验证据。分析单位为斯里兰卡持牌商业银行(LCBs)。向基层审计机构的内部审计员分发了封闭式、自我管理的调查表。受访者的意见采用李克特5分量表,范围从1到5。在SPSS统计软件包的支持下,采用回归模型对数据进行分析。结果表明lcb对IIASs的应用是中等水平的。然而,三类国际会计准则的应用程度存在显著差异。与绩效标准和执行标准相比,属性标准似乎是斯里兰卡地方银行广泛应用的IIASs类别。最低程度的应用体现在性能标准方面。从理论上讲,这些发现似乎意义重大,因为在内部审计方面,特别是在全球和亚洲范围内对国际会计准则进行的研究工作不足。作为本研究的管理意义,可以注意到,相对于其他两个标准,绩效标准主要需要更多关注的地方,lcb应该非常注意提高国际会计准则的应用。
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引用次数: 1
Market Orientation and Organizational Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Puttalam District 普特拉姆地区中小企业的市场导向与组织绩效
Pub Date : 2019-12-31 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v10i2.7486
W. A. P. Pramodanie, D. Dissanayake, S. Praveeni
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引用次数: 1
The Impact of Organizational Commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour among Managerial Level Employees in Apperal Industry in Gampaha District 甘巴哈地区服装行业管理层员工组织承诺对组织公民行为的影响
Pub Date : 2019-06-30 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v10i1.7480
S. P. K. Sewwandi, D. Dissanayake
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引用次数: 2
An Analysis of Demand for Microfinance in Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡小额信贷需求分析
Pub Date : 2018-12-29 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v9i2.7497
W. Wijesinghe, W. Tennakoon
Necessity of microfinance services is upraising with the increased complexity of rural life style. Economic pattern of rural communities and the performance of informal financial sector are two cornerstones of the modern microfinance services. It is expected that the demand for microfinance will be increased as the complexity of rural life thrived. Yet, a downward trend is noted in the demand for microfinance by the rural community of Sri Lanka with the introduction of social benefit programmes particularly, the “Samurdhi” Programme. Thus, the motive of this study was to empirically evaluate the factors affecting the demand for microfinance. In particular, it was based on the clients of Samurdhi Prajamula Banking Societies (SPBSs) in Diganwewa Division, Puttalam District of Sri Lanka. The study was quantitative and used the survey research method. The sample was randomly drawn from Samurdhi beneficiaries who are currently the members of SPBSs. The data were gathered by administering a close-ended questionnaire while univariate and bivariate analysis analysed them. The results indicated that the general literacy & income of potential borrowers and also receipt of social benefit by the potential borrowers are significantly predicting the intention to obtain microfinance. Additionally, demand for loan securities, service features and interest charged for the microfinancing facilities are affecting the demand for microfinance. Among the factors related to borrower, literacy level and income of them found positively and significantly affecting the microfinance demand. Yet, a negative influence was noted with respect to receipt of social benefits on the demand for microfinance. All the factors, except service features of the credit facility, negatively affecting the demand for microfinance.
随着农村生活方式的日益复杂,小额信贷服务的必要性日益提高。农村社区的经济模式和非正规金融部门的绩效是现代小额信贷服务的两个基石。随着农村生活的复杂化,预计小额信贷的需求将会增加。然而,随着社会福利方案,特别是“Samurdhi”方案的实施,斯里兰卡农村社区对小额信贷的需求出现了下降趋势。因此,本研究的动机是实证评估小额信贷需求的影响因素。特别是,它以斯里兰卡普特拉姆区Diganwewa分部的Samurdhi Prajamula银行协会(SPBSs)的客户为基础。本研究为定量研究,采用调查研究方法。样本是从Samurdhi受益人中随机抽取的,他们目前是spbs的成员。数据通过封闭式问卷收集,单因素和双因素分析对其进行分析。结果表明,潜在借款人的一般识字率和收入以及潜在借款人获得的社会福利对获得小额信贷的意愿有显著的预测作用。此外,对贷款证券的需求、服务特点和小额融资设施收取的利息正在影响对小额融资的需求。在与借款人相关的因素中,他们的文化水平和收入对小额信贷需求有显著的正向影响。然而,也注意到在领取社会福利方面对小额供资需求的负面影响。除了信贷工具的服务特点外,所有因素都对小额信贷的需求产生了负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Does Personality Matter in Leadership: Impact of Big Five Personality Traits on Ethical Leadership Behaviour of Middle Managers in Sri Lanka 人格在领导中重要吗:斯里兰卡五大人格特质对中层管理者道德领导行为的影响
Pub Date : 2018-12-29 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v9i2.7498
W. S. Chandrasekara
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship between Effective Communication and Employee Retention of Operational Level Employees in Apparel industry in Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡服装行业操作层员工有效沟通与员工保留的关系
Pub Date : 2018-12-29 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v9i2.7496
W. Wijethunga, P. Amarathunga
Human resource is the most valuable asset for every organization, which is generating unique competitive advantages. Retention of operational level employees has become a severe problem in apparel industry in Sri Lanka. The managements of most of the companies assume that weaknesses or deficiencies of internal communication system may be the reason for this unsolved turnover issue. Accordingly, primary objective of present research was analysis the relationship between effective communication (EC) and employee retention (ER) of operational level employees in Apparel industry, Sri Lanka. In this research 248 operational level employees were selected based on convenient judgment sampling method. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS. Effectiveness of the communication has been measured through supervisor support (SS), upward communication (UC) and quality of information (QI).Findings of the hypothesis 1 (There is a significant relationship between EC on ER) revealed that there is a strong positive relationship between EC and the retention intention of employees, hypothesis 2 (SS has significant relationship with ER) revealed that there is a strong positive relationship between SS and the retention intention of employees, hypothesis 3 (UC has significant relationship with ER) revealed that there is a weak positive relationship between UC and the retention intention of employees and hypothesis 4 (QI has significant relationship with ER) revealed that there is a moderate relationship between QI and the retention intention of employees. Based on the findings, SS has the highest positive relationship with ER. Demonstrating care about employees, providing counselling, strengthening connection between managers and employees and encouraging two-way communication are possible action for the company to improve communication. In order to establish healthy upward communication procedure within the organization, problem card system, employee satisfaction survey, and suggestion box systems can be introduced.
人力资源是每个组织最宝贵的资产,它正在产生独特的竞争优势。在斯里兰卡的服装行业中,操作层员工的保留已经成为一个严重的问题。大多数公司的管理层认为,内部沟通系统的弱点或缺陷可能是导致这一未解决的人员流失问题的原因。因此,本研究的主要目的是分析斯里兰卡服装行业操作层员工的有效沟通(EC)与员工保留(ER)之间的关系。本研究采用方便判断抽样法选取248名操作层员工。通过结构化问卷收集数据,并使用SPSS进行分析。沟通的有效性通过主管支持(SS)、向上沟通(UC)和信息质量(QI)来衡量。假设1 (EC对ER有显著关系)的研究结果表明EC与员工留任意愿之间存在强烈的正相关,假设2 (SS与ER有显著关系)的研究结果表明SS与员工留任意愿之间存在强烈的正相关。假设3 (UC与ER有显著关系)揭示了UC与员工保留意愿之间存在弱正相关关系,假设4 (QI与ER有显著关系)揭示了QI与员工保留意愿之间存在中等关系。综上所述,SS与ER的正相关程度最高。关心员工,提供咨询,加强管理者与员工之间的联系,鼓励双向沟通是公司改善沟通的可能行动。为了在组织内部建立健康的向上沟通程序,可以引入问题卡制度、员工满意度调查和建议箱制度。
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引用次数: 0
Technology Orientation and Inbound Open Innovation at LMT Firms: An Empirical Study in Sri Lanka 技术导向与外来开放创新:基于斯里兰卡的实证研究
Pub Date : 2018-12-29 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v9i2.7494
M. Deegahawature
Despite the growing interest in open innovation, previous studies have ignored the role of firms’ strategic capability in evoking open innovation, especially in low and medium-low technology (LMT) firms from technologically less advanced countries. This study rectifies this problem by examining the impact of technology orientation on the implementation of inbound open innovation. Also, assessing the effect of the environment on the relationship between technology orientation and inbound open innovation, this study considers technology turbulence and market potential. The hierarchical regression analysis, based on cross-sectional survey data collected from 272 LMT firms in Sri Lanka reveals that LMT firms adopt inbound open innovation at a moderate level. LMT firms value technology and face above-average level technology turbulence and market potential. Results show that both technology orientation and market potential have a significant positive effect on the implementation of inbound open innovation, but no evidence from technology turbulence. Also, technology turbulence negatively, and market potential positively moderate the relationship between technology orientation and inbound open innovation. The findings indicate that LMT firms in Sri Lanka should exploit technologically superior products to meet customers’ needs and attract the market. Also, technology orientation plays a salient role in attractive markets but not in technologically turbulent environments.
尽管人们对开放式创新的兴趣日益浓厚,但以往的研究忽视了企业战略能力在激发开放式创新中的作用,尤其是在技术欠发达国家的低技术和中低技术(LMT)企业中。本研究通过考察技术导向对入式开放式创新实施的影响来纠正这一问题。此外,本文还考虑了技术动荡和市场潜力,评估了环境对技术导向与入境开放式创新之间关系的影响。基于对斯里兰卡272家LMT公司的横断面调查数据的层次回归分析表明,LMT公司采用了中等水平的入站式开放式创新。LMT公司重视技术,并面临高于平均水平的技术动荡和市场潜力。结果表明:技术导向和市场潜力对引进式开放式创新的实施都有显著的正向影响,而技术湍流对引进式开放式创新的实施没有显著的正向影响。技术湍流负向调节技术导向与开放性创新的关系,市场潜力正向调节技术导向与开放性创新的关系。研究结果表明,在斯里兰卡的LMT公司应该利用技术上优越的产品,以满足客户的需求,吸引市场。此外,技术导向在有吸引力的市场中起着突出作用,但在技术动荡的环境中则不然。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of an Organizational Culture Towards Job Performance: A Study on Colombo District Multinational Banking Employees 组织文化对工作绩效的影响:基于科伦坡区跨国银行员工的研究
Pub Date : 2018-12-29 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v9i2.7495
D. A. Y. Codipily, D. Dissanayake
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Physical Ergonomic Factors on Employee Productivity: Special Reference to in Apparel Industry of Gampaha District 人体工学因素对员工生产力的影响——以甘巴哈地区服装行业为例
Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v9i1.7500
D. Silva, D. Dissanayake
A well-designed work environment is a prerequisite for any organizational employee retention and quality maintenance. Businesses do not operate in a vacuum but rather in a dynamic environment that has a direct influence on how they operate and whether they will achieve their objectives. In today’s context, apparel industries pay a greater attention toward physical ergonomic factors Ergonomics is designed to ensure that the work situation is in line with the worker's activities. Thus, the present research was conducted to determine the impact of physical ergonomic factors on employee productivity in apparel industry of Gampaha district. The variables included in the framework were internal Environmental factors, Working Equipment and workplace design. The primary data was gathered by distributing 323 questionnaires to employees who work in apparel manufacturing companies located in Gampaha district. The findings determined that, all three factors: internal environmental factors, working equipment and workplace design, were significant variables and has a positive impact on employee productivity of apparel manufacturing industry. The research paper provides apparel industry on how knowledge about the physical ergonomics factors influencing employee productivity.
一个设计良好的工作环境是任何组织员工保留和质量维护的先决条件。企业不是在真空中运作,而是在一个动态的环境中运作,这种环境对企业的运作方式和能否实现其目标有直接影响。在今天的背景下,服装行业更加注重人体工程学因素,人体工程学是为了确保工作环境符合工人的活动而设计的。因此,本研究旨在确定甘巴哈地区服装行业的人体工程学因素对员工生产力的影响。框架中包含的变量包括内部环境因素、工作设备和工作场所设计。主要数据是通过向位于Gampaha地区的服装制造公司的员工发放323份问卷来收集的。研究发现,内部环境因素、工作设备因素和工作场所设计因素都是显著变量,并对服装制造业的员工生产率产生积极影响。本文为服装行业提供了关于人体工程学知识如何影响员工生产力的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Demographic Factors towards Employee Engagement of Lecturers in the State Universities of Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡国立大学讲师员工敬业度的人口因素研究
Pub Date : 2018-06-30 DOI: 10.4038/wjm.v9i1.7499
P. Amarathunga
Employee engagement is one of the key determinants fostering high levels of employee performance, as constantly shown in a number of studies. University lecturers are playing a vital role in shaping the knowledge, skills and attitudes of the most intelligent young generation in the country. Accordingly, analyzing whether there are influences of demographic factors for determining the level of employee engagement of government university lecturers was the primary purpose of the present research. Three hundred and eighty-eight government university lecturers were selected as prescribed by Krejcie and Morgan (1970) using stratified sampling method with representation of all the government universities in Sri Lanka. Findings showed that there are no differences of employee engagement among four groups of educational qualification and two types of genders. Findings further elaborated that the level of employee engagement is different in terms of four types of age groups.
正如许多研究不断显示的那样,员工敬业度是培养高水平员工绩效的关键决定因素之一。大学讲师在塑造这个国家最聪明的年轻一代的知识、技能和态度方面发挥着至关重要的作用。因此,分析人口因素是否影响政府大学讲师的员工敬业度是本研究的主要目的。根据Krejcie和Morgan(1970)的规定,采用分层抽样方法选取了388名政府大学讲师,代表了斯里兰卡所有的政府大学。研究发现,员工敬业度在四组学历和两种性别之间没有差异。调查结果进一步阐述了员工敬业度的水平在四种年龄群体中是不同的。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Wayamba Journal of Management
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