Postharvest Biology and Technology最新文献

Overall quality maintenance and metabolite changes of fresh Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma stems treated by 1-methylcyclopropene during cold storage 1-甲基环丙烯处理肉苁蓉鲜茎冷藏期间整体品质维持及代谢物变化

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114158

Longxia Wen , Shuangxi Qian , Yanping Wang , Mingxing Xu , Yazhou Shao , Xu Zhang , Lijun Zhang , Yongchen Hua , Guolin Chai , Fangdi Hu

Postharvest browning, softening, active components degradation and flavor deterioration in fresh Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma (FCD) critically limit its value-added utilization. This study examined how 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment affects FCD postharvest quality and metabolic processes. Results demonstrated that after 100 days of low-temperature storage, fumigation treatment with 1.4 µL L⁻¹ 1-MCP for 24 h suppressed weight loss in FCD, while increasing the total content of echinacoside, acteoside, tubuloside A, cistanoside A, isoacteoside, 2′-acetylacteoside and geniposidic acid, enhancing the total flavonoids content and antioxidant activity, along with exhibiting a richer profile of floral/fruity alcohols and esters. Compared to the untreated control group, 1-MCP suppressed superoxide anion production rate, H₂O₂ content, soluble quinone content, polyphenol oxidase activity, and peroxidase activity while maintaining higher superoxide dismutase activity. Widely targeted metabolomics identified multiple differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) during storage and with 1-MCP treatment. 1-MCP treatment notably reversed the abundance of 57 out of 78 common DAMs identified between Control vs Fresh and 1-MCP vs Control comparisons. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed significant downregulation of nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism in 1-MCP group. 1-MCP treatment attenuated nucleic acid and protein hydrolysate accumulation, indicating its efficacy in suppressing ROS overaccumulation and oxidative senescence. Additionally, 1-MCP inhibited the buildup of membrane degradation products, thereby reducing membrane damage and subsequent enzymatic browning. This study clarifies how 1-MCP improves FCD overall storage quality through sensory attributes, active components, metabolic profiles and antioxidant activity, as well as the related physiological change mechanisms, thereby advancing industrial application strategies.

肉苁蓉采后褐变、软化、活性成分降解和风味变质严重制约了肉苁蓉的增值利用。本研究考察了1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）处理对FCD采后品质和代谢过程的影响。结果表明，低温贮藏100 d后，1.4 µL L−1 - mcp熏蒸处理24 h可抑制FCD的失重，同时增加了紫松果苷、毛蕊花苷、管状苷A、肉苁茸苷A、异毛蕊花苷、2′-乙酰毛蕊花苷和京尼平苷酸的总含量，提高了总黄酮含量和抗氧化活性，并表现出更丰富的花/果醇和酯类。与未处理对照组相比，1-MCP抑制了超氧阴离子生成速率、H₂O₂含量、可溶性醌含量、多酚氧化酶活性和过氧化物酶活性，同时保持了较高的超氧化物歧化酶活性。广泛靶向代谢组学鉴定了储存和1-MCP处理期间的多种差异积累代谢物（dam）。1-MCP处理显著逆转了对照与Fresh和1-MCP与对照比较中发现的78个常见水坝中的57个的丰度。KEGG富集分析显示，1-MCP组烟酸和烟酰胺代谢显著下调。1-MCP处理能减弱核酸和蛋白水解产物的积累，表明其具有抑制ROS过度积累和氧化衰老的作用。此外，1-MCP抑制了膜降解产物的积累，从而减少了膜损伤和随后的酶促褐变。本研究阐明了1-MCP如何通过感官属性、活性成分、代谢谱和抗氧化活性提高FCD整体贮藏质量，以及相关生理变化机制，从而提出产业化应用策略。

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引用次数: 0

Meclofenamic acid sodium inhibits litchi fruit senescence via integrated regulation of oxidative stress, energy metabolism, and m6A modification 甲氯芬酸钠通过综合调控氧化应激、能量代谢和m6A修饰抑制荔枝果实衰老

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114167

Mengting Liu , Mengling Qin , Jiaqi Xiao , Yueming Jiang , Xuewu Duan , Guoxiang Jiang

Litchi fruit is highly susceptible to rapid postharvest deterioration, primarily manifested as pericarp browning and senescence, which severely compromise its commercial value. Meclofenamic acid sodium (MA), an arylacetic acid-type nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with recognized antioxidant properties, presents a potential intervention strategy, yet its efficacy and mechanistic role in postharvest litchi preservation remain unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate that postharvest MA treatment significantly delayed pericarp browning, maintained visual quality, suppressed respiration rate, and extended marketability. At the physiological and biochemical levels, MA application effectively attenuated oxidative stress, as evidenced by reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide) and lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde), alongside elevated pools of non-enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione, ascorbic acid, total phenols, and anthocyanins). Furthermore, MA enhanced the activities of key antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase) while inhibiting the activities of browning-related enzymes (peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase). To sustain cellular energy homeostasis, MA treatment elevated ATP content and energy charge by activating succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase. Transcriptomic and RT-qPCR analyses corroborated these findings, showing upregulation of genes involved in flavonoid/anthocyanin biosynthesis, oxidative stress response, and energy metabolism. Importantly, MA treatment mitigated the storage-induced decline in global N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) methylation and increased m⁶A modification levels in specific senescence-related transcripts. Collectively, our results indicate that MA delays litchi senescence and browning through an integrated mechanism involving the modulation of oxidative stress, maintenance of energy homeostasis, and regulation of m⁶A modifications.

荔枝果实采后易发生快速变质，主要表现为果皮褐变和衰老，严重影响其商业价值。甲氯芬酸钠（MA）是一种公认具有抗氧化特性的芳基乙酸类非甾体抗炎药，是一种潜在的干预策略，但其在荔枝采后保存中的功效和机制尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们证明采后MA处理显著延迟果皮褐变，保持视觉质量，抑制呼吸速率，并延长市场销路。在生理和生化水平上，MA的应用有效地减弱了氧化应激，证明了活性氧（超氧阴离子和过氧化氢）和脂质过氧化产物（丙二醛）的积累减少，以及非酶促抗氧化剂（谷胱甘肽、抗坏血酸、总酚和花青素）的增加。此外，MA提高了关键抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶）的活性，抑制了褐变相关酶（过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶）的活性。为了维持细胞能量稳态，MA通过激活琥珀酸脱氢酶和苹果酸脱氢酶来提高ATP含量和能量电荷。转录组学和RT-qPCR分析证实了这些发现，显示与类黄酮/花青素生物合成、氧化应激反应和能量代谢有关的基因上调。重要的是，MA处理减轻了贮藏引起的全球N 26 -甲基腺苷（m6A）甲基化的下降，并增加了特定衰老相关转录物中m6A修饰水平。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，MA通过调节氧化应激、维持能量稳态和调节m6A修饰的综合机制延缓荔枝衰老和褐变。

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引用次数: 0

Phospholipid remodeling during maturation and cold storage modulates maturity-dependent chilling tolerance in mango 成熟和冷藏过程中的磷脂重塑调节芒果成熟依赖的抗寒性

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114168

Jhih-Ting Hsiao , Yen-Chou Kuan , Fuu Sheu

Mango fruit is susceptible to chilling injury (CI) at temperatures below 13 °C. Although CI tolerance in mangoes has been reported to increase with fruit maturation, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the contribution of membrane phospholipid (PL) composition and its regulation to maturity-dependent chilling tolerance in ‘Irwin’ mangoes. CI symptoms developed in mature green (MG) fruit but not in tree-ripe fruit after storage at 5 °C. At harvest, tree-ripe fruit exhibited a higher phosphatidylcholine (PC)/ phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) ratio and a lower degree of PL unsaturation compared with MG fruit. Under 5 °C conditions, the PC/PE ratio remained stable in both tree-ripe and MG fruit, with tree-ripe fruit consistently maintaining the higher ratio than MG. Additionally, both fruit types enhanced PC unsaturation to comparable levels, while PE unsaturation remained largely unchanged, with tree-ripe fruit consistently retaining lower PE unsaturation than MG fruit throughout the chilling period. At the transcriptional level, tree-ripe fruit induced the expression of fatty acid desaturase 2 during cold storage, whereas MG fruit upregulated phospholipase genes during the rewarming phase. These findings indicated that cold-induced PC desaturation was a universal response to chilling in both MG and tree-ripe fruit, while the superior chilling tolerance in tree-ripe fruit was primarily attributed to the higher PC/PE ratio and lower PE unsaturation level established during pre-harvest maturation. This study provides novel mechanistic insight into how PL remodeling during maturation and chilling storage modulates maturity-dependent chilling tolerance in mango.

芒果果实在低于13°C的温度下容易受到冷害（CI）。尽管据报道芒果的CI耐受性随着果实成熟而增加，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。研究了Irwin芒果膜磷脂（PL）组成及其调控对成熟依赖性抗寒性的影响。成熟绿果（MG）在5°C贮藏后出现CI症状，而树熟果不出现CI症状。收获时，树熟果实的磷脂酰胆碱(PC)/磷脂酰乙醇胺（PE）比高于MG果实，PL不饱和程度低于MG果实。在5℃条件下，树熟果和MG果的PC/PE保持稳定，树熟果始终保持比MG果高。此外，两种水果都将PC不饱和度提高到相当的水平，而PE不饱和度基本保持不变，在整个冷却期，树熟水果始终保持比MG水果更低的PE不饱和度。在转录水平上，树熟果实在冷藏期间诱导脂肪酸去饱和酶2的表达，而MG果实在复温期间上调磷脂酶基因的表达。这些结果表明，低温诱导的PC脱饱和是MG和树熟果实对低温的普遍反应，而树熟果实较强的耐寒性主要归因于采收前成熟过程中较高的PC/PE比和较低的PE不饱和水平。这项研究为成熟和冷藏过程中PL重塑如何调节芒果成熟依赖的抗寒性提供了新的机制见解。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses provide insights into flavor and color regulation during tomato postharvest ripening 综合代谢组学和转录组学分析提供了番茄采后成熟过程中风味和颜色调节的见解

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114155

Xian-Kang Xiao , Wei-Xin Liu , Xiao Lu , Cai-Rui Chen , Xin-Yi Zhang , Xiao-Jun Pu , Feng Wang

Tomatoes are often harvested prematurely to reduce losses during transport and storage, yet the regulation of flavor and color development after detachment remains poorly understood. In this study, we systematically analyzed tomato fruits at 0, 3, 6, and 9 days postharvest, which correspond to the mature green, breaker, pink, and red-ripe stages, respectively. Physiological and biochemical assays revealed progressive softening, lycopene accumulation, chlorophyll degradation, acid depletion, and a transient sugar peak at the pink stage, elevating the Brix/acid ratio 3.19-fold by day 9. Metabolomic analysis identified 609 differentially accumulated metabolites, highlighting the breaker-to-pink transition as a critical metabolic pivot. Transcriptomics combined with weighted gene co-expression network analysis uncovered stage-specific regulatory modules, notably a blue module associated with early transcriptional control and a red module linked to later color and flavor development of tomato fruit. Integrated multi-omics analysis demonstrated tight coordination between gene expression and metabolic flux in detached fruit. Further examination of core biosynthesis and hormone signaling pathways indicated ethylene- and jasmonic acid–dominated regulatory control following tomato detachment. Additionally, temporal expression analysis underscored clusters 5 and 8 as key transcriptional hubs related to tomato flavor and pigmentation. Together, these results advance the mechanistic understanding of postharvest ripening and provide a theoretical basis for improving tomato commercial storage and handling practices.

西红柿通常过早收获，以减少运输和储存过程中的损失，但剥离后风味和颜色发展的调节仍然知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们系统地分析了采后0、3、6和9天的番茄果实，分别对应于成熟的绿熟、破碎熟、粉红熟和红熟阶段。生理生化分析显示，番茄红素逐渐软化、番茄红素积累、叶绿素降解、酸耗尽，在粉红期出现短暂的糖峰，第9天糖度/酸比提高了3.19倍。代谢组学分析鉴定出609种不同积累的代谢物，强调了从粉嫩到粉嫩的转变是一个关键的代谢枢纽。转录组学结合加权基因共表达网络分析揭示了特定阶段的调控模块，特别是与早期转录控制相关的蓝色模块和与后期番茄果实颜色和风味发育相关的红色模块。综合多组学分析表明，离体果实的基因表达与代谢通量密切协调。对核心生物合成和激素信号通路的进一步研究表明，乙烯和茉莉酸主导了番茄脱离后的调控控制。此外，时间表达分析强调簇5和8是与番茄风味和色素沉着相关的关键转录枢纽。总之，这些结果促进了对采后成熟机理的认识，并为改进番茄的商业储存和处理方法提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

H₂S mitigates chilling injury by downregulating PpbHLH113 to enhance phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in peach fruit h2s通过下调PpbHLH113来促进桃果果实中苯丙素的合成，从而减轻了桃果的低温伤害

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114162

Yanyan Wang , Yaxuan Liu , Qingyuan Song , Tingyu Wu , Jiaqi Guo , Hao Dong , Kaili Shi , Xiaohui Yang , Yujun Shi , Siwen Yin , Jinbao Huang , Yuquan Duan , Li Wang

Postharvest chilling injury (CI) severely limits peach fruit quality. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) has shown potential in mitigating CI, while its underlying transcriptional regulation mechanism remains insufficiently characterized. This study revealed that H₂S treatment effectively mitigated CI by promoting both the enzymatic activities and transcript levels of key phenylpropanoid biosynthesis enzymes (PAL, C4H, 4CL, and CHI), accompanied by increased accumulation of total phenolics and flavonoids. Conversely, the H₂S scavenger hypotaurine reversed these effects in peach fruit. Notably, PpbHLH113, a nuclear-localized newly identified bHLH family member, was upregulated by cold stress and downregulated by H₂S. Moreover, functional studies revealed that PpbHLH113 overexpression downregulated the expression of phenylpropanoid pathway genes. Further molecular interaction assays confirmed direct binding of PpbHLH113 to E-box cis-elements in the promoters of Pp4CL and PpCHI. Although deficient in transcriptional activation, PpbHLH113 functioned as a transcriptional repressor in dual-luciferase assays, significantly inhibiting the promoter activity of Pp4CL and PpCHI, thereby leading to the suppression of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Collectively, H₂S treatment protected peach fruit from chilling injury by downregulating PpbHLH113, thereby alleviating its transcriptional repression on key phenylpropanoid pathway genes, maintaining high levels of key enzyme activities and phenolic accumulation, and improving antioxidant capacity and membrane integrity.

采后冷害严重影响桃果品质。硫化氢（H₂S）已显示出减轻CI的潜力，但其潜在的转录调控机制仍未充分表征。本研究表明，h2s处理通过提高关键苯丙素生物合成酶（PAL、C4H、4CL和CHI）的酶活性和转录物水平，同时增加总酚类物质和黄酮类物质的积累，有效缓解了CI。相反，在桃果中，H₂S清除剂次氨基磺酸逆转了这些作用。值得注意的是，新发现的bHLH家族成员PpbHLH113在冷胁迫下上调，在H₂S下下调。此外，功能研究显示PpbHLH113过表达下调了苯丙素途径基因的表达。进一步的分子相互作用分析证实PpbHLH113与Pp4CL和PpCHI启动子中的E-box顺式元件直接结合。虽然缺乏转录激活，但PpbHLH113在双荧光素酶实验中作为转录抑制因子，显著抑制Pp4CL和PpCHI的启动子活性，从而抑制苯丙素类生物合成。综上所述，h2s处理通过下调PpbHLH113，从而减轻其对苯丙素关键通路基因的转录抑制，维持高水平的关键酶活性和酚积累，提高抗氧化能力和膜完整性，从而保护桃果免于冷害。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated physiological, metabolome and transcriptome date to reveal the regulatory effects of citral on postharvest blue honeysuckle fruit quality at different temperatures 综合生理、代谢组和转录组数据，揭示不同温度下柠檬醛对采后蓝金银花果实品质的调控作用

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114161

Xueying Zhao , Ni Wang , Yutong Wang , Kexin Liu , Yueren Xiao , Xinru Zhu , Huixin Gang , Junwei Huo , Dong Qin

Postharvest quality deterioration limits the storage life and commercial value of blue honeysuckle fruit, and exploring natural preservatives with clear regulatory mechanisms is critical. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of citral fumigation on postharvest blue honeysuckle fruit quality and underlying molecular mechanisms. Physiological assessments indicated that 8 µL L⁻¹ citral fumigation had the most positive effects on maintaining postharvest fruit quality, reducing oxidative damage, and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities under both low and normal temperature conditions. Metabolome and transcriptome analyses revealed that citral downregulated genes involved in ABA synthesis and influenced hormonal crosstalk among auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, and salicylic acid, both of which collectively reduced ABA level. Additionally, citral also upregulated genes in the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, resulting in increased levels of total phenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. Notably, this study identified key regulators LcbZIP44, LcERF098, and LcARR9, which modulated the fruit quality. Silencing these genes led to a reduction in ABA content, while concurrently enhancing fruit firmness, as well as increasing the contents of total phenol and flavonoid. Citral fumigation effectively preserves fruit quality and extends storage life by orchestrating complex interplay of biochemical and molecular mechanisms. These findings underscore the crucial role of citral in preserving the quality of blue honeysuckle fruit during postharvest storage.

采后品质劣化限制了金银花果实的贮藏寿命和商业价值，探索具有明确调控机制的天然防腐剂至关重要。本研究旨在阐明柠檬醛熏蒸对采后蓝金银花果实品质的影响及其分子机制。生理评估表明，在低温和常温条件下，8 µL L−1柠檬醛熏蒸对保持采后果实品质、减少氧化损伤和增强抗氧化酶活性都有最积极的作用。代谢组学和转录组学分析显示，柠檬醛下调了参与ABA合成的基因，并影响了生长素、细胞分裂素、乙烯和水杨酸之间的激素串扰，这两种基因共同降低了ABA水平。此外，柠檬醛还上调了苯丙素和类黄酮生物合成途径中的基因，导致总酚、类黄酮和花青素水平升高。值得注意的是，本研究确定了调控果实品质的关键调控因子LcbZIP44、LcERF098和LcARR9。沉默这些基因导致ABA含量降低，同时增强果实硬度，增加总酚和类黄酮的含量。柠檬醛熏蒸通过协调生物化学和分子机制的复杂相互作用，有效地保持水果品质，延长贮藏寿命。这些发现强调了柠檬醛在保存采后金银花果实质量中的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial dysfunction and programmed cell death mediate berry abscission 线粒体功能障碍和程序性细胞死亡介导浆果脱落

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114160

Yizhou Xiang , Ming Qi , Qiannan Hu , Zhenchang Liang , Li Li

Berry abscission in postharvest table grapes significantly impacts yield and commercial value. This study investigated the microstructural and molecular characteristics of the abscission zone (AZ) in four grapes cultivars ('Chunguang', 'Kyoho', 'Muscat Hamburg', and 'Zuijinxiang') to elucidate the physiological drivers and underlying molecular mechanisms of berry abscission. Morphological and phenotypic screening revealed that berry brush regulates detachment, while mitochondrial dysfunction and programmed cell death (PCD) were consistent physiological features associated with abscission-prone cultivars. Specifically, abscission-prone cultivars exhibited a 7.7-fold increase in mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and a 51 % depolarization of membrane potential prior to extensive berry abscission. Using 'Kyoho' as a model system, transcriptomic and mitochondrial proteomic analyses revealed that exogenous ethylene potentiated mitochondrial impairment by activating key components of carbon metabolism pathways, thereby accelerating PCD execution. Conversely, 1-methylcyclopropene attenuated oxidative injury by modulating mitochondrial metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis, reducing the cytochrome c/a ratio by 13 %. Additionally, 438 differentially expressed proteins were identified, implicating key pathways in mitochondrial metabolism and redox regulation. Collectively, these findings suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction serves as a pivotal mediator of ROS accumulation and PCD, providing new insights for improving fruit quality maintenance.

鲜食葡萄采后果实脱落严重影响产量和商业价值。通过对‘春光’、‘京好’、‘汉堡’和‘醉金香’4个葡萄品种果实脱落带的微观结构和分子特征的研究，探讨了果实脱落的生理驱动因素和分子机制。形态学和表型筛选表明，浆果刷调节脱落，而线粒体功能障碍和程序性细胞死亡（PCD）是易脱落品种的一致生理特征。具体来说，易脱落品种的线粒体通透性增加了7.7倍，膜电位去极化率提高了51 %。使用“Kyoho”作为模型系统，转录组学和线粒体蛋白质组学分析显示，外源乙烯通过激活碳代谢途径的关键组分来增强线粒体损伤，从而加速PCD的执行。相反，1-甲基环丙烯通过调节线粒体代谢和类黄酮生物合成来减轻氧化损伤，使细胞色素c/a比降低13 %。此外，鉴定出438个差异表达蛋白，涉及线粒体代谢和氧化还原调节的关键途径。总之，这些发现表明线粒体功能障碍是ROS积累和PCD的关键介质，为改善果实品质维持提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Methyl jasmonate enhances anthocyanin biosynthesis and antioxidant capacity in ‘Hongcui’ plum fruit during cold-induced flesh reddening via the coordination of ethylene and jasmonic acid signaling 茉莉酸甲酯通过协调乙烯和茉莉酸信号通路，增强了红翠梅冷致果肉变红过程中花青素的生物合成和抗氧化能力

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114159

Yanyan Ma , Ranran Xu , Yubei Wang , Guogang Chen , Jiankang Cao

Flesh-reddening in yellow-fleshed plum fruit during cold storage has attracted considerable attention. To elucidate the regulatory role of jasmonic acid (JA) in the cold stress response in plum fruit, changes in flesh coloration and associated biochemical metabolisms were investigated in yellow-fleshed ‘Hongcui’ plum treated with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or its antagonist sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DIECA). Compared with untreated and DIECA-treated fruit, MeJA-treated plums developed more intense and earlier flesh reddening during cold storage and the subsequent shelf life. MeJA treatment elicited the endogenous ethylene production and jasmonic acid level. The contents of total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and the antioxidant capacity were markedly enhanced during the flesh-reddening process in MeJA-treated fruit, accompanied by the increased activities of key enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR), anthocyanin synthase (ANS), and UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT). Gene enrichment analysis revealed an overall up-regulation trend of gene transcription associated with PsPAL, PsDFR, PsANS, PsUFGT, PsACS, and PsACO, and jasmonic acid biosynthesis pathway in the plums after MeJA treatment. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that the MeJA treatment increased the abundance of specific flavonoids, notably cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, dihydroquercetin, and rutin. Integrative analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic data indicated strong correlations between specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) within the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. These findings underscore the potential of MeJA as a promising postharvest method to enhance both the appearance and functional properties of plum fruit.

黄肉李果在冷藏过程中的果肉变红现象引起了人们的广泛关注。为阐明茉莉酸（JA）在李果实冷胁迫反应中的调控作用，研究了茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）及其拮抗剂二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠（DIECA）处理后黄肉红翠李果肉颜色及相关生化代谢的变化。与未经处理和dieca处理的果实相比，meja处理的李子在冷藏和随后的货架期中出现了更强烈和更早的果肉红变。MeJA处理提高了内源乙烯产量和茉莉酸水平。meja处理后的果肉在变红过程中，总酚类物质、类黄酮、花青素含量和抗氧化能力均显著提高，苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、二氢黄酮醇-4还原酶（DFR）、花青素合成酶（ANS）、udp -葡萄糖类黄酮3- o -葡萄糖基转移酶（UFGT）等关键酶活性均显著提高。基因富集分析显示，MeJA处理后李子PsPAL、PsDFR、PsANS、PsUFGT、PsACS和PsACO相关基因转录及茉莉酸生物合成途径总体呈上调趋势。非靶向代谢组学分析显示，MeJA处理增加了特定黄酮类化合物的丰度，特别是花青素-3- o -rutinoside，飞鸽苷-3- o -glucoside，二氢槲皮素和芦丁。转录组学和代谢组学数据的综合分析表明，在花青素生物合成途径中，特定差异表达基因（DEGs）与差异积累代谢物（dam）之间存在很强的相关性。这些发现强调了MeJA作为一种有前途的采后方法来提高李子果实的外观和功能特性的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Spatio-temporal monitoring of maturation, ripening, and fungal rot development in “Hass” avocados using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging 利用定量磁共振成像技术对“哈斯”鳄梨成熟、成熟和真菌腐烂发展的时空监测

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114157

Takahiro Matsui , Guylaine Collewet , Kento Koyama , Maja Musse

Maturity, ripeness, and fungal rot are key quality attributes of avocados that interact to determine consumer acceptance, market value, and postharvest losses. We applied quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to simultaneously and non-invasively assess these three internal attributes. Healthy, fungal-inoculated, and naturally infected “Hass” avocados were ripened under controlled conditions and scanned with a 1.5 T whole-body system to generate transverse relaxation time (T₂) maps, lipid fraction maps, apparent micro-porosity maps, and vascular structure images. Linear regression between lipid fraction and dry matter content yielded a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 2.8 %, indicating that MRI can reliably assess fruit maturity. In contrast, neither T₂, apparent micro-porosity, nor lipid fraction values captured changes in mesocarp firmness during ripening. In infected tissue, T₂ initially increased and subsequently decreased, whereas apparent micro-porosity increased at later stages. Elevated T₂ values delineated lesion peripheries before visible pulp discoloration or histological damage occurred. Furthermore, serial MRI monitoring from unripe to overripe stages enabled tracking of fungal development within individual fruit, revealing distinct morphological patterns: stem-end rots advanced longitudinally along vascular bundles, whereas body rots spread radially through parenchyma. These findings demonstrate that MRI is a suitable tool for postharvest quality monitoring and for studying fruit–pathogen interactions in avocados and other fleshy fruit.

成熟度、成熟度和真菌腐烂是牛油果的关键质量属性，它们相互作用决定了消费者的接受程度、市场价值和采后损失。我们应用定量磁共振成像（MRI）技术同时和非侵入性评估这三个内部属性。健康、真菌接种和自然感染的“Hass”鳄梨在受控条件下成熟，并用1.5 T全身系统扫描，生成横向松弛时间（T2）图、脂质分数图、表观微孔隙率图和血管结构图。脂质含量与干物质含量线性回归的均方根误差（RMSE）为2.8 %，表明MRI可以可靠地评估果实成熟度。相比之下，T2、表观微孔隙度和脂质分数值都没有捕捉到成熟过程中果皮硬度的变化。在感染组织中，T2最初升高，随后降低，而表观微孔隙度在后期增加。在可见的牙髓变色或组织学损伤发生之前，升高的T2值描绘了病变的周围。此外，从未成熟到过成熟阶段的连续MRI监测可以跟踪单个果实中的真菌发育，揭示出不同的形态模式：茎端腐烂沿着维管束纵向发展，而体腐则通过实质径向传播。这些发现表明，MRI是一种适合于采后质量监测和研究鳄梨和其他肉质水果与病原体相互作用的工具。

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引用次数: 0

Elucidating the pathogenic process of Botryosphaeria dothidea invasion in postharvest ‘Cuixiang’ kiwifruit causing soft rot disease 探讨采后“翠香”猕猴桃葡萄球孢菌侵染软腐病的致病过程

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114154

Qingchao Gao , Xue Li , Xinyu Tan , Yuhan Zhu , Di Wang , Xueyan Ren , Qingjun Kong

Soft rot is currently one of the most serious fungal diseases affecting the storage and marketing of postharvest ‘Cuixiang’ kiwifruit, predominantly caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea (B. dothidea). Regrettably, research into the pathogenicity of B. dothidea infecting kiwifruit remains in its infancy, necessitating urgent investigation into the behavioral characteristics of its pathogenic process. Firstly, this study optimized the conditions for inducing spore production of B. dothidea, which were achieved by exposing the fungus to UV_365 nm radiation for 72 h coupled with a 12 h light/12 h dark alternation in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium. During infection of kiwifruit, B. dothidea was capable of secreting cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) to destroy host cell structures, thereby accelerating the pathogenic process. Polygalacturonase (PG), polymethylgalacturonase (PMG) and cellulase (Cx) played a dominant role in pathogenic process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation revealed mycelium thickening with lesion formation at 72 h. In the detection of eight organic acids, the oxalic acid content in soft rot group (SR) was significantly higher than that in control group (CK) from the 2nd day, peaking at 1366.43 ± 32.79 mg/kg at the 4th day. It indicated that B. dothidea can acidified kiwifruit tissue environment by producing oxalic acid to enhance its pathogenicity. Overall, these findings indicate that PG, PMG, Cx and oxalic acid are critical virulence factors during B. dothidea infection of kiwifruit, providing some insights into the pathogenic mechanism of kiwifruit soft rot disease.

软腐病是目前影响“翠香”猕猴桃采后贮藏和销售的最严重的真菌病害之一，主要由多思猕猴桃芽孢菌（Botryosphaeria dothidea）引起。遗憾的是，对桃蚜致病性的研究还处于起步阶段，迫切需要对其致病过程的行为特征进行研究。首先，本研究通过在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂（Potato Dextrose Agar， PDA）培养基中UV365 nm辐射72 h，光照12 h /黑暗12 h交替处理，优化了dothidea芽孢产生的诱导条件。在猕猴桃侵染过程中，多角锥虫能够分泌细胞壁降解酶（CWDEs）破坏寄主细胞结构，从而加速致病过程。聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）、聚甲基半乳糖醛酸酶（PMG）和纤维素酶（Cx）在致病过程中起主导作用。扫描电镜（SEM）观察显示，72 h时菌丝增厚，病变形成。在8种有机酸的检测中，软腐病组（SR）草酸含量从第2天开始显著高于对照组（CK），第4天达到峰值1366.43 ± 32.79 mg/kg。结果表明，该菌可通过产生草酸酸化猕猴桃组织环境，增强致病性。综上所述，PG、PMG、Cx和草酸是猕猴桃软腐病的关键毒力因子，为猕猴桃软腐病的发病机制提供了一些新的认识。

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引用次数: 0