Postharvest Biology and Technology最新文献_第5页

Hypobaric with nitric oxide fumigation treatment alleviates chilling injury in prune by regulating antioxidant defense and phenolic accumulation 低压加一氧化氮熏蒸处理通过调节梅干的抗氧化防御和酚类物质积累来缓解梅干的冷害

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114119

Yu Zhang , Jiarui Liang , Yage Xing , Quanming Tian , Shijun Xing , Zheng Zhang , Jia Wei , Yuyao Yuan , Bin Wu

Browning induced by chilling injury was identified as a key barrier to postharvest storage of prune, resulting in substantial quality degradation during cold storage, which underscored the need for innovative interventions. In this study, a combined hypobaric treatment (HYT) with nitric oxide (NO) fumigation (HYT - NO) was developed and assessed. The results demonstrated that the penetration and uniform distribution of NO in fruit tissues were enhanced by HYT - NO treatment. Moreover, HYT - NO treatment suppressed chilling injury induced browning in prune fruit, reduced soluble quinone accumulation, and maintained overall storage quality, exhibiting markedly stronger efficacy than HYT, NO, and the Control group. Further analysis revealed that the HYT - NO treatment upregulated the gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes and enhanced their activities, while the levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants were maintained. As a result, the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), superoxide anion (O₂^·-), and malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly suppressed, and the increase in electrolyte leakage (EL) was effectively inhibited. In addition, the activities and gene expression levels of key enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway were enhanced by the HYT - NO treatment. This up-regulation contributed to the stability of the phenolic pool for antioxidant defense. Concurrently, the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was suppressed. Collectively, these changes contributed to a reduced browning incidence in plums under cold stress. In conclusion, HYT - NO treatment alleviated postharvest chilling injury in prune fruit through multiple mechanisms, including improved penetration efficiency, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, increased membrane stability, and the regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolism.

冷害诱发的褐变是李子采后贮藏的主要障碍，导致李子在冷藏过程中品质显著下降，因此需要创新的干预措施。在这项研究中，开发并评估了一种联合低压治疗（HYT）与一氧化氮（NO）熏蒸（HYT - NO）。结果表明，HYT - NO处理增强了NO在果实组织中的渗透和均匀分布。此外，HYT - NO处理能抑制寒害诱导的李子褐变，减少可溶性醌积累，保持李子整体贮藏品质，效果明显强于HYT、NO和对照组。进一步分析发现，HYT - NO处理上调了抗氧化酶的基因表达水平，增强了抗氧化酶的活性，而非酶抗氧化剂的水平保持不变。从而显著抑制过氧化氢（H2O2）、超氧阴离子（O2·-）、丙二醛（MDA）的积累，有效抑制电解质泄漏（EL）的增加。此外，HYT - NO处理提高了苯丙素途径关键酶的活性和基因表达水平。这种上调有助于酚池抗氧化防御的稳定性。同时，多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性受到抑制。总的来说，这些变化有助于降低冷胁迫下李子褐变的发生率。综上所述，HYT - NO处理可通过提高渗透效率、增强活性氧（ROS）清除能力、提高膜稳定性和调节苯丙素代谢等多种机制缓解梅干果实采后冷害。

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引用次数: 0

Pigment and transcriptome profiling of flesh yellowing during post-ripening of ‘Puyu’ kiwifruit “普玉”猕猴桃成熟后果肉泛黄的色素和转录组分析

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114109

Tian Lan , Shihan Bao , Xinyi Li , Min Zhang , Wen Peng , Mukesh Kumar Awasthi , Xiangyu Sun , Tingting Ma

This study integrated pigment and transcriptome profiling to elucidate the chemical and molecular mechanisms of flesh yellowing in ‘Puyu’ kiwifruit during post-ripening. Results showed that the yellowing was jointly determined by the degradation of chlorophyll and the co-accumulation of carotenoids and flavonoids. During early post-ripening (0–4 DAH), rapid chlorophyll degradation (∼55 %) unmasked pre-existing yellow pigments like lutein. Subsequently, during late post-ripening (6–10 DAH), the active biosynthesis and accumulation of carotenoids and flavonoids further enhanced the yellow coloration. Notably, zeaxanthin was identified as a key yellow carotenoid, and its biosynthesis was associated with the upregulation of AchCHYB. AchXAT/XES-mediated xanthophyll esterification not only prevented pigment loss caused by xanthophyll degradation but also enhanced color stability. For flavonoids, the accumulation of the key yellow pigment naringenin chalcone was related to the upregulation of AchCHS. AchUGT-mediated glycosylation produced co-pigments (e.g., genistein-7-O-galactoside) that contribute to pigment balance. Furthermore, several transcription factors, including NAC, AP2/ERF, MYB, HB and GRAS, were identified as potential regulators of these key structural genes. This work provides new insights into the post-ripening coloration mechanism of yellow-fleshed kiwifruit and offers new ideas for regulating kiwifruit color.

本研究结合色素和转录组分析来阐明“普玉”猕猴桃成熟后果肉变黄的化学和分子机制。结果表明，黄化是叶绿素降解和类胡萝卜素、黄酮类物质积累共同决定的。在成熟后早期（0-4 DAH），快速的叶绿素降解（~ 55 %）揭示了先前存在的黄色色素，如叶黄素。随后，在成熟后期（6-10 DAH），类胡萝卜素和类黄酮的活性生物合成和积累进一步增强了黄色。值得注意的是，玉米黄质被确定为关键的黄色类胡萝卜素，其生物合成与AchCHYB上调有关。AchXAT/ xs介导的叶黄素酯化反应不仅防止了叶黄素降解引起的色素损失，而且提高了颜色稳定性。对于黄酮类化合物，关键黄色色素柚皮素查尔酮的积累与AchCHS的上调有关。achugt介导的糖基化产生有助于色素平衡的共色素（例如染料木素-7- o-半乳糖苷）。此外，一些转录因子，包括NAC， AP2/ERF， MYB， HB和GRAS，被确定为这些关键结构基因的潜在调节因子。本研究对黄肉猕猴桃成熟后的着色机制有了新的认识，并为调控猕猴桃的着色提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated physiological, transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses reveal the role of trans-2-octenal in the postharvest preservation of fresh walnut kernels 综合生理学、转录组学和脂质组学分析揭示了反式-2-辛烯醛在新鲜核桃仁采后保存中的作用

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114112

Jiamei Yuan , Yushan Du , Kun Zhang , Heyue Yang , Guangjin Li , Fengjun Wang

Fresh walnut kernels are prized for their unique flavor and high nutritional value. However, they are highly susceptible to browning, decay and oxidative rancidity, resulting in postharvest quality deterioration. In the present study, the natural volatile compound trans-2-octenal (OCT) was found to be effective in inhibiting surface browning and discoloration of fresh walnut kernels during storage. Furthermore, OCT at 5 or 10 μL L^-¹ reduced decay incidence and oxidative rancidity, as evidenced by decreased acid and peroxide values, while maintained key quality attributes including firmness, moisture content, fat content and soluble sugar levels. Transcriptomic and physiological analyses revealed that OCT activated the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, increased the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, but decreased the activities of browning-related enzymes (polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and lipoxygenase). Lipidomic profiling further revealed that OCT remodeled lipid composition, particularly the metabolites in glycerophospholipid metabolism, all of which are closely associated with lipid oxidation. These findings collectively elucidate the multifaceted role and mechanism of OCT in preserving postharvest quality, supporting its potential as a natural preservative for fresh walnut kernels.

新鲜的核桃仁因其独特的风味和高营养价值而备受推崇。然而，它们极易褐变、腐烂和氧化酸败，导致采后品质恶化。本研究发现，天然挥发性化合物反式-2-辛烯醛（OCT）能有效抑制新鲜核桃仁在贮藏过程中的表面褐变和变色。此外，5或10 μL L-¹ 的OCT降低了酸值和过氧化值，降低了腐烂率和氧化酸败，同时保持了关键的品质属性，包括硬度、水分含量、脂肪含量和可溶性糖水平。转录组学和生理分析表明，OCT激活了苯丙素和类黄酮的生物合成途径，增加了总酚和类黄酮含量以及苯丙氨酸解氨酶的活性，但降低了褐化相关酶（多酚氧化酶、过氧化物酶和脂氧合酶）的活性。脂质组学分析进一步显示OCT重塑了脂质组成，特别是甘油磷脂代谢中的代谢物，所有这些都与脂质氧化密切相关。这些发现共同阐明了OCT在保存采后质量方面的多方面作用和机制，支持其作为新鲜核桃仁天然防腐剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

The transcriptional regulatory module MdERF2-MdSCR11 promotes ABA-mediated apple fruit ripening through synergistic repression of MdABA4-2 转录调控模块MdERF2-MdSCR11通过协同抑制MdABA4-2促进aba介导的苹果果实成熟

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114105

Miaomiao Wang , Qizhe Li , Hao Wang , Nan Jiang , Jiale Wang , Xiaotong Hu , Yu Liu , Tuanhui Bai , Jian Jiao , JiangLi Shi , Ran Wan , Kunxi Zhang , Pengbo Hao , Yujie Zhao , Wanyu Xu , Liu Cong , Xianbo Zheng

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a pivotal role in regulating the ripening processes of both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits, including apple (Malus domestica). However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, exogenous ABA treatment markedly enhanced ethylene production, decreased fruit firmness, and accelerated ripening in ‘Red Delicious’ apples. Intriguingly, exogenous ethylene increased endogenous ABA levels and biosynthetic enzyme activities in ‘Golden Delicious’ fruit, whereas 1-MCP treatment suppressed ABA accumulation and delayed ripening. Subsequently, we identified two ABA-responsive transcription factors, MdERF2 and MdSCR11, that directly trans-repress the promoter of MdABA4–2, which shows a negative correlation with ABA accumulation. Notably, MdSCR11 physically interacts with MdERF2 and synergistically represses MdABA4–2 transcriptional activity. Furthermore, transient overexpression of MdABA4–2 in apple fruit significantly reduced ABA content and ethylene production, delaying ripening, whereas MdSCR11 overexpression suppressed MdABA4–2 expression and accelerated ripening. Finally, complementary evidence from transgenic calli confirmed that MdABA4–2 negatively regulates ABA biosynthesis while MdSCR11 positively modulates ABA accumulation through MdABA4–2 suppression. Our findings establish a novel transcriptional regulatory module wherein ABA promotes apple fruit ripening through MdERF2-MdSCR11-mediated repression of MdABA4–2, providing mechanistic insights into hormone crosstalk during climacteric fruit maturation.

植物激素脱落酸（ABA）在调节更年期和非更年期果实的成熟过程中起着关键作用，其中包括苹果（Malus domestica）。然而，潜在的监管机制仍然难以捉摸。在本研究中，外源ABA处理显著提高了“红美味”苹果的乙烯产量，降低了果实硬度，并加速了成熟。有趣的是，外源乙烯增加了“金冠”果实的内源ABA水平和生物合成酶活性，而1-MCP处理抑制了ABA积累和延迟成熟。随后，我们确定了两个ABA响应转录因子MdERF2和MdSCR11，它们直接反式抑制MdABA4-2的启动子，这与ABA积累呈负相关。值得注意的是，MdSCR11与MdERF2物理相互作用并协同抑制MdABA4-2的转录活性。此外，MdABA4-2在苹果果实中的瞬时过表达显著降低了ABA含量和乙烯产量，延迟了成熟，而MdSCR11过表达抑制了MdABA4-2的表达，加速了成熟。最后，来自转基因愈伤组织的补充证据证实，MdABA4-2负向调节ABA的生物合成，而MdSCR11通过抑制MdABA4-2正向调节ABA的积累。我们的研究结果建立了一个新的转录调控模块，其中ABA通过mderf2 - mdscr11介导的MdABA4-2的抑制来促进苹果果实成熟，为更年期果实成熟过程中激素串扰的机制提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Physicochemical effects and flavor compound changes of aluminum foil–wrapped Tuber indicum under refrigeration 铝箔包心菜冷藏过程中理化效应及风味化合物变化

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.113992

Yana Liu , Yangyang Geng , Shixin Zhang , Bokai Hu , Jihui Wang

Tuber indicum is a highly prized medicinal and edible fungus. However, freshly harvested T. indicum is prone to rapid spoilage, leading to economic losses and decline in its nutritional value. This study aimed to examine the physicochemical effects and flavor compound changes of T. indicum wrapped in aluminum foil and refrigerated for 20 d. The findings revealed that aluminum foil wrapping delayed the spoilage under refrigeration by serving as a physical barrier. However, notable spore detachment and considerable weakening of the vein tissue were observed. The moisture loss was reduced in T. indicum during storage, and water gradually transitioned from a bound state to a free state, migrating from the inside to the surface. Aluminum foil wrapping promoted the coexistence of diverse functional bacterial communities, which played a role in retarding spoilage and preserving the fungal quality. The aluminum foil wrapping treatment exhibited lower hardness, higher adhesiveness, lower cohesiveness, and altered trends in gumminess and chewiness during later refrigeration stages. Exposure to an open environment accelerated the oxidation and volatilization of aldehydes, contributing to the deterioration of flavor. In contrast, aluminum foil wrapping proved advantageous in preserving key aroma compounds and minimizing the development of off-odors. Overall, this study provided an essential basis for understanding the behavioral characteristics of aluminum foil–wrapped T. indicum under refrigeration.

块茎是一种珍贵的药用和食用菌。然而，新鲜收获的籼稻容易迅速变质，导致经济损失和营养价值下降。本研究旨在研究用铝箔包起来冷藏20 d后，籼米的理化作用和风味成分的变化。研究结果表明，铝箔包装作为一种物理屏障，可以延缓冷藏过程中的变质。然而，观察到明显的孢子脱离和静脉组织明显减弱。在贮藏过程中，籼稻水分损失减少，水分由束缚态逐渐过渡到自由态，由内部向表面迁移。铝箔包装促进了多种功能菌群的共存，起到了延缓腐坏和保持真菌品质的作用。铝箔包裹处理表现出较低的硬度，较高的粘接性，较低的粘接性，并在后期冷藏阶段改变了胶性和咀嚼性的趋势。暴露在开放的环境中会加速醛的氧化和挥发，从而导致风味的恶化。相反，铝箔包装在保存主要香气化合物和减少异味的发展方面被证明是有利的。本研究为了解铝箔包裹的籼稻在冷藏条件下的行为特征提供了必要的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Antifungal mechanism of Aspergillus tubingensis strain Pa6 against strawberry gray mold and its application in the preservation of postharvest strawberry 塔bingaspergillus tubingensis Pa6菌株对草莓灰霉病的抑菌机理及其在草莓采后保鲜中的应用

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114115

Xiaoqian Li , Hongbo Yuan , Bingke Shi , Ruiping Liu , Yan Chen , Li Wang , Hongtao Tu , Hui Hou

Gray mold, caused by the pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea, is a major disease affecting strawberries. This study investigated the antifungal mechanism of Aspergillus tubingensis strain Pa6 against strawberry gray mold and its application in postharvest strawberry preservation. Strain Pa6 exhibited 81.51 % inhibition of mycelial growth in B. cinerea. In vivo tests revealed that treatment with 10 and 20 % Pa6 cell-free supernatant (CFS) reduced lesion diameters by 27.32 and 45.68 %, respectively. Furthermore, strawberries treated with strain Pa6 CFS showed significant improvement in postharvest quality after 15 days of storage. Compared with the control plate treatment, decay incidence, weight loss, and total color difference were reduced by 37.5 %, 0.87 %, and 1.51, respectively. Combined transcriptome and metabolomics analyses revealed widespread downregulation of differential genes and metabolites involved in arginine and proline metabolism and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolisms. Therefore, strain Pa6 may be a potential candidate for green prevention and postharvest management.

草莓灰霉病是由草莓灰霉病菌灰霉病引起的一种主要病害。研究了塔bingaspergillus tubingensis Pa6菌株对草莓灰霉病的抑菌机理及其在草莓采后保鲜中的应用。菌株Pa6对葡萄球菌菌丝生长的抑制率为81.51 %。体内实验显示，10%和20% %无Pa6细胞上清（CFS）分别使病变直径减少27.32%和45.68% %。此外，菌株Pa6 CFS处理的草莓在贮藏15天后，采后品质有显著改善。与对照板处理相比，龋齿发生率、体重减轻和总色差分别降低了37.5% %、0.87 %和1.51%。转录组学和代谢组学分析显示，与精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢以及丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢有关的差异基因和代谢物普遍下调。因此，菌株Pa6可能是绿色防治和采后管理的潜在候选菌株。

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引用次数: 0

Transcription factor MiRAP2-3 mediated gibberellin-suppressed mango ripening through regulating MiACO1 转录因子MiRAP2-3通过调控MiACO1介导赤霉素抑制芒果成熟

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114106

Yu Cai , Benfeng Zhang , Jialiang Liu, Xiangbin Xu, Zhengke Zhang, Zhu Lisha

The postharvest mangoes undergo rapid ripening that progresses to senescence, which limits their economic value. In this study, the role of exogenous gibberellin (GA₃) in regulating postharvest storage of mangoes was evaluated. The results showed that GA₃ treatment (200 mg L⁻¹) delayed the ripening of ‘Guifei’ mangoes, including color transformation, fruit softening, soluble solids accumulation, and ethylene production. Transcriptome analysis suggested that GA₃ may delay mango ripening by associated with plant hormone transduction, starch degradation and sugar transport. In addition, we found that the expression of RELATED TO AP2.3 (RAP2–3), was upregulated during mango ripening and was inhibited by GA₃. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and dual luciferase reporter (DLR) experiments indicated that MiRAP2–3 directly bound to the promoter of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO1) and activated its transcription. In summary, the results suggest that GA₃ may inhibit ethylene production during mango ripening by suppressing MiRAP2–3 expression. This study provides a theoretical basis for the role of GA₃ in delaying mango ripening and offers new insights into the interaction of ethylene and gibberellin in mangoes.

采收后的芒果经历了快速成熟和衰老的过程，这限制了它们的经济价值。本文研究了外源赤霉素（GA₃）对芒果采后贮藏的调控作用。结果表明，GA₃（200 mg L⁻¹）会延迟“桂非”芒果的成熟，包括颜色变化、果实软化、可溶性固体积累和乙烯的产生。转录组分析表明，GA3可能与植物激素转导、淀粉降解和糖转运有关，从而延缓芒果成熟。此外，我们发现芒果成熟过程中RELATED TO AP2.3 （RAP2-3）的表达上调，并被GA3抑制。酵母一杂交（Y1H）和双荧光素酶报告基因（DLR）实验表明，MiRAP2-3直接结合到1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸氧化酶（ACO1）启动子上并激活其转录。综上所述，GA3可能通过抑制MiRAP2-3的表达来抑制芒果成熟过程中乙烯的产生。本研究为GA3延缓芒果成熟的作用提供了理论依据，并对芒果中乙烯与赤霉素的相互作用提供了新的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Control efficiency and potential mechanisms of 2,3-butanedione against potato leak caused by Pythium ultimum 2,3-丁二酮防治马铃薯毒霉泄漏的效果及潜在机理

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114111

Hui Feng , Jingtao Shi , Donglin Zhao , Zhixin Peng , Fuqiang Guo , Chengsheng Zhang , Chong Shi , Kangwen Xu

Pythium ultimum is the principal postharvest pathogen responsible for Pythium leak disease in potatoes, causing significant yield losses during storage. 2,3-Butanedione is a naturally derived flavor compound, whose efficacy in controlling oomycete-induced postharvest diseases remains unclear. This study revealed that 2,3-butanedione inhibits P. ultimum mycelial growth (EC₅₀ = 9.35 μL·L⁻¹) and reduces potato leak severity by 67.92 % at 2 ×EC₅₀. Moreover, it exhibits broad-spectrum anti-oomycete activity by decreasing the susceptibility of pepper and eggplant to Phytophthora capsici and P. parasitica, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that 2,3-butanedione affects ABC transporters and phospholipids metabolism pathways in P. ultimum. Notably, it suppresses the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC), a major cell membrane phospholipid, by downregulating genes involved in PC biosynthesis, such as the choline kinase gene PuCKI1. Molecular docking studies indicated a strong binding affinity between 2,3-butanedione and PuCKI1 (binding free energy = –3.91 kcal/mol), suggesting that the compound’s inhibitory effect on P. ultimum infection may be mediated through reduced PC accumulation, thereby increasing membrane permeability and damaging membrane integrity. Furthermore, the synergistic combination of 2,3-butanedione and mefenoxam (3:1 ratio) significantly reduces potato disease severity by over 59.65 % compared to mefenoxam alone. These findings provide a mechanistic basis and underscore the potential utility of 2,3-butanedione as a complementary agent in managing postharvest oomycete diseases in vegetable crops.

马铃薯腐皮病菌是马铃薯腐皮病的主要采后病原菌，在贮藏过程中造成严重的产量损失。2,3-丁二酮是一种天然衍生的风味化合物，其在控制卵菌诱导的采后病害方面的功效尚不清楚。研究发现，2,3-丁二酮抑制马铃薯菌丝体生长（EC50 = 9.35 μL·L⁻¹），并在2 ×EC50时降低马铃薯泄漏严重程度67.92 %。此外，它还能降低辣椒疫霉和茄子对辣椒疫霉的敏感性，表现出广谱的抗卵霉菌活性。转录组学分析表明，2,3-丁二酮影响黄颡鱼ABC转运蛋白和磷脂代谢途径。值得注意的是，它通过下调参与磷脂酰胆碱生物合成的基因，如胆碱激酶基因PuCKI1，来抑制磷脂酰胆碱（一种主要的细胞膜磷脂）的合成。分子对接研究表明，2,3-丁二酮与PuCKI1具有较强的结合亲和性（结合自由能= -3.91 kcal/mol），表明该化合物可能通过减少PC的积累，从而增加膜透性，破坏膜的完整性来抑制疟原虫感染。此外，2,3-丁二酮与美非诺萨姆（3:1）的协同组合与单独使用美非诺萨姆相比，显著降低马铃薯病害严重程度超过59.65 %。这些发现提供了机理基础，并强调了2,3-丁二酮作为一种补充剂在蔬菜作物采后卵菌病管理中的潜在效用。

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引用次数: 0

Regulatory link of CaSGR–CaNOR controls fruit shelf-life in pepper CaSGR-CaNOR调控环节控制辣椒果实货架期

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114107

Soo Jeong Yu, Eun Soo Jeong, Soobin Lee, Je Min Lee

STAY-GREEN (SGR), encoding the Mg-dechelatase, is a key genetic regulator of chlorophyll degradation in leaves and fruit. However, the extended functions of SGR in fruit ripening remain largely unexplored. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in the CaSGR of brown peppers (Capsicum spp.), and co-segregated with the recessive brown fruit color in an F₂ population. The brown pepper accessions showed chlorophyll retention in the ripening fruit and increased shelf-life. CaSGR-silenced and brown peppers delayed ethylene-dependent leaf senescence. CaSGR-silenced fruit resulted in chlorophyll retention, reduced carotenoid content, increased firmness, and extended shelf-life. The gene expression of chlorophyll catabolic (NOL, HCAR, PPH, PAO, CYP89A9), carotenoid biosynthetic (PSY1, PDS, ZISO, ZDS, CHYB, ZEP, CCS), and cell wall degradation-related (PG2a, CEL1, CEL2, EXP1) genes was downregulated in the CaSGR-silenced fruit. In addition, the flavor volatiles were altered in the CaSGR-silenced fruit, characterized by an absence of hexanal, nonanal, and nonanoic acid, and the accumulation of 4-methylpentyl 3-methylbutanoate. Given that CaSGR regulates fruit ripening, CaNOR, a homologue of the tomato NAC-NOR, was selected as a candidate regulator of CaSGR. Transcriptional activation assay demonstrated that CaNOR acts as a positive regulator of CaSGR expression. Furthermore, silencing of CaNOR reduced chlorophyll degradation, carotenoid accumulation, and fruit softening. The expression of chlorophyll catabolic, carotenoid biosynthetic, and cell wall degradation-related genes was down-regulated in CaNOR-silenced fruit. Furthermore, the reciprocal reduction of each gene expression in the silenced fruit suggests that a regulatory link between CaSGR and CaNOR coordinates fruit ripening. These findings will be helpful for improving fruit shelf-life in pepper.

STAY-GREEN （SGR）编码mg -脱脂酶，是叶片和果实中叶绿素降解的关键遗传调控因子。然而，SGR在果实成熟中的扩展功能在很大程度上仍未被探索。在一个F2群体中，发现了褐椒CaSGR的单核苷酸多态性，并与隐性褐果色共分离。褐椒在成熟果实中表现出叶绿素保留和贮藏期延长的特点。casgr沉默和棕色辣椒延迟乙烯依赖的叶片衰老。casgr沉默的果实导致叶绿素保留，类胡萝卜素含量降低，硬度增加，保质期延长。在casgr沉默的果实中，叶绿素分解代谢（NOL、HCAR、PPH、PAO、CYP89A9）、类胡萝卜素生物合成（PSY1、PDS、ZISO、ZDS、CHYB、ZEP、CCS）和细胞壁降解相关（PG2a、CEL1、CEL2、EXP1）基因表达下调。此外，casgr沉默果实的风味挥发物发生了变化，其特征是缺乏己醛、壬醛和壬酸，以及4-甲基戊基3-甲基丁酸酯的积累。考虑到CaSGR对果实成熟的调控作用，我们选择了番茄NAC-NOR的同系物CaNOR作为CaSGR的候选调控因子。转录激活实验表明，CaNOR是CaSGR表达的正调控因子。此外，CaNOR的沉默减少了叶绿素降解、类胡萝卜素积累和果实软化。在canor沉默的果实中，叶绿素分解代谢、类胡萝卜素生物合成和细胞壁降解相关基因的表达下调。此外，沉默果实中每个基因表达的相互减少表明CaSGR和CaNOR之间的调控联系协调了果实的成熟。这些发现将有助于提高辣椒中水果的保质期。

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引用次数: 0

A novel mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit gene links carbon flow and redox signaling to enhance postharvest disease resistance in strawberry 一个新的线粒体丙酮酸脱氢酶E1α亚基基因连接碳流和氧化还原信号，增强草莓采后抗病性

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114099

Yun Xiao , Zhenbiao Li , Jing Huang , Jiali Wang , Tianyou Hou , Zisheng Luo , Yanqun Xu

Mitochondria play a central role in plant metabolism and signaling regulation by controlling carbon flux, energy conversion, and redox homeostasis. However, their functional mechanisms in plant immunity, particularly fruit disease resistance, remain unclear. Using strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) as a model, this study identified mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit encoding genes and functionally validated FaPDHE1α. The gene was rapidly induced (10-fold) by Botrytis cinerea infection and localized to mitochondria. Functional assays showed that FaPDHE1α overexpression markedly enhanced fruit resistance, whereas RNAi silencing increased susceptibility. Mechanistic analyses revealed that FaPDHE1α activation boosted glycolysis and the TCA cycle and strongly upregulated mitochondrial complex I genes nad3, nad6, and nad7 (47.1-, 23.3-, and 8.5-fold), thereby enhancing electron transport and establishing a controlled ROS signaling state that activated antioxidant and defense-related pathways. This study reveals a novel mechanism of mitochondrial-mediated fruit immunity regulation and provides a theoretical basis for physiological interventions against postharvest diseases.

线粒体通过控制碳通量、能量转换和氧化还原稳态，在植物代谢和信号调节中发挥核心作用。然而，它们在植物免疫，特别是果实抗病中的作用机制尚不清楚。本研究以草莓（Fragaria × ananassa）为模型，鉴定了线粒体丙酮酸脱氢酶E1α亚基编码基因，并对FaPDHE1α进行了功能验证。该基因被灰葡萄孢菌快速诱导（10倍）并定位于线粒体。功能分析显示，FaPDHE1α过表达显著增强了果实的抗性，而RNAi沉默则增加了果实的敏感性。机制分析显示，FaPDHE1α激活促进糖酵解和TCA循环，并强烈上调线粒体复合物I基因nad3， nad6和nad7（47.1-， 23.3-和8.5倍），从而增强电子传递并建立受控的ROS信号状态，激活抗氧化和防御相关途径。本研究揭示了线粒体介导果实免疫调节的新机制，为采后病害的生理干预提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0