Postharvest Biology and Technology最新文献_第5页

Methyl jasmonate improves pulp flavor by modulating sugar metabolism in postharvest longan fruit 茉莉酸甲酯通过调节采后龙眼果实的糖代谢改善果肉风味

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113268

Liang Shuai , PengYu Xue , Lingyan Liao , Xiaojuan Guo , Yunfen Liu , Mubo Song , Wen Cai , Feilong Yin , Meiying He

Flavor deterioration reduces the postharvest quality of longan fruit. As an important plant endogenous environmental responsive hormone, the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment on the sugar metabolism of postharvest longan fruit remains to be elucidated. In present study, fruit treated with 100 μmol L⁻¹ MeJA exhibited higher levels of total soluble solids (TSS), sucrose, and total sugar, while lower levels of glucose and fructose. These results are attributed to the inhibited of activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), and sucrose synthase-cleavage direction (SS-c) in MeJA-treated longan fruit which promote the decomposition of sucrose into glucose and fructose. Additionally, there was an increase in sucrose synthase-synthesis direction (SS-s) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activities, facilitating sucrose accumulation. Elevated fructokinase (FRK) and hexokinase (HXK) activities in MeJA-treated longan fruit led to a better utilization of glucose and fructose in the glycolysis pathway, thus providing energy for postharvest longan fruit. Compared to the control fruit, the MeJA treatment up-regulated the transcript levels of SS (DlSS-1, DlSS-2, and DlSS-3), DlSPS, DlFRK, and DlHXK, while down-regulating the transcript levels of AI (Cell wall acid invertase (DlCWAI) and soluble acid invertase (DlSAI)), and NI (DlNI-2 and DlNI-3). In the SS gene, correlation analysis showed that DlSS-1 mainly contributes to promote the sucrose synthesis. These findings suggest that MeJA treatment could improve the status of sugar by modulating the enzyme activities and the expression of genes associated with sugar metabolism, thereby preserving the flavor quality of longan fruit.

风味退化会降低龙眼果实采后的品质。作为一种重要的植物内源环境反应激素，茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）处理对采后龙眼果实糖代谢的影响仍有待阐明。在本研究中，果实经 100 μmol L-1 MeJA 处理后，总可溶性固形物（TSS）、蔗糖和总糖的含量较高，而葡萄糖和果糖的含量较低。这些结果归因于在 MeJA 处理的龙眼果实中，酸性转化酶（AI）、中性转化酶（NI）和蔗糖合成酶裂解方向（SS-c）的活性受到抑制，而这些酶会促进蔗糖分解成葡萄糖和果糖。此外，蔗糖合成酶-合成方向（SS-s）和蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）活性增加，促进了蔗糖的积累。经 MeJA 处理的龙眼果实中果糖激酶（FRK）和己糖激酶（HXK）活性的提高使葡萄糖和果糖在糖酵解途径中得到更好的利用，从而为采后的龙眼果实提供能量。与对照果实相比，MeJA 处理上调了 SS（DlSS-1、DlSS-2 和 DlSS-3）、DlSPS、DlFRK 和 DlHXK 的转录水平，同时下调了 AI（细胞壁酸转化酶（DlCWAI）和可溶性酸转化酶（DlSAI））和 NI（DlNI-2 和 DlNI-3）的转录水平。在 SS 基因中，相关分析表明 DlSS-1 主要促进蔗糖的合成。这些发现表明，MeJA 处理可通过调节与糖代谢相关的酶活性和基因表达来改善糖的状态，从而保持龙眼果实的风味品质。

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引用次数: 0

Multiple genetic analyses disclose the QTL dynamic for fruit texture and storability in Norwegian apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) 多重遗传分析揭示了挪威苹果（Malus domestica Borkh.）果实质地和贮藏性的 QTL 动态特征

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113276

Liv Gilpin , Fabrizio Costa , Nicholas P. Howard , Dag Røen , Muath Alsheikh

In Norway, apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) are produced at latitude around 60° north. Notably the season is short and cool and Norwegian cultivars have developed under selection pressure from these distinct climatic conditions, resulting in apple germplasm with unique genetic structure and pedigree. Strong selection for earliness has resulted in several cultivars that mature and soften quickly, making it challenging to meet consumer expectations for apple quality. The commercial success of apple is largely related to its texture and long-term storability, enabling a year-round availability of fresh fruit. Texture in apple has been well characterized and major causative genes have been found. Nonetheless, comprehensive knowledge of the genetic control of texture retention is lacking. To improve postharvest performance, including storability, in the breeding program currently ongoing at Njøs Fruit and Berry Centre (NJØS), a diversity collection of 197 apple cultivars was employed to initiate a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) to identify relevant genomic regions associated with these aspects. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with different dissected multi-trait texture components assessed by a texture analyzer equipped with an acoustic device were identified. To target QTLs relevant to improving postharvest storage, a softening and storage index was also implemented into the QTL analysis, further mapped on chromosome 10. The GWAS-QTL pattern was additionally validated on a different genetic background, implementing a multi-parental-cross-design scheme. Findings include previously unreported genomic regions related to texture attributes, and especially haploblock HB-10–03 represents an important novel molecular tool valuable for breeding Norwegian apple cultivars with superior fruit storability.

挪威的苹果（Malus domestica Borkh.）产于北纬60°左右的地区。挪威的栽培品种是在这些独特气候条件的选择压力下培育出来的，因此其苹果种质具有独特的遗传结构和血统。对早熟性的强烈选择导致一些栽培品种迅速成熟和软化，从而使满足消费者对苹果质量的期望面临挑战。苹果在商业上的成功在很大程度上与其质地和长期贮藏性有关，这使得新鲜水果可以全年供应。苹果质地的特征已得到很好的描述，主要的致病基因也已找到。然而，对质地保持的遗传控制还缺乏全面的了解。为了在目前正在恩约斯水果和浆果中心（NJØS）进行的育种计划中改善包括耐贮性在内的采后性能，我们利用 197 个苹果栽培品种的多样性收集启动了全基因组关联分析（GWAS），以确定与这些方面相关的基因组区域。通过配备声学装置的质地分析仪评估不同的剖分多性状质地成分，确定了与之相关的数量性状位点（QTL）。为了锁定与改善采后贮藏相关的 QTL，还在 QTL 分析中加入了软化和贮藏指数，并进一步映射到 10 号染色体上。此外，还通过多亲本杂交设计方案，在不同的遗传背景上验证了 GWAS-QTL 模式。研究结果包括以前未报道过的与质地属性有关的基因组区域，特别是单倍组块HB-10-03代表了一种重要的新型分子工具，对培育具有优良果实贮藏性的挪威苹果栽培品种很有价值。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advances in the application of tea tree oil in the storage of fruit and vegetables 茶树油在水果和蔬菜储藏中应用的最新进展

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113260

Xianzhu Deng, Yingying Wei, Shu Jiang, Jianfen Ye, Yi Chen, Feng Xu, Jiahui Chen, Xingfeng Shao

Fruit and vegetables production is permanently affected by many threats including fungal pathogens, which leads to serious losses from harvest to final consumption. Chemical preservatives are effective but may pose an increased risk of drug resistance and contamination to the environment. The demand for natural substances as fungicides is gradually increasing. Tea tree oil (TTO) obtained by steam distillation of Melaleuca alternifolia, has been widely used as ‘green’ and ‘safety’ antifungal agent for many years. This paper comprehensively summarized the source, composition, extraction methods and biological functions of TTO and its applications in the storage of fruit and vegetables. In particular, we focused on the functions of TTO as antimicrobial agents to reduce the occurrence and spread of diseases and activate plants' defense system, including preservation effects, antimicrobial mechanisms and application methods. This was highly intended to help and serve as a reference for the pertinent researchers.

水果和蔬菜生产长期受到包括真菌病原体在内的许多威胁的影响，导致从收获到最终消费的严重损失。化学防腐剂虽然有效，但可能会增加产生抗药性和污染环境的风险。对天然物质作为杀真菌剂的需求正在逐渐增加。茶树油（TTO）由互叶白千层蒸馏获得，多年来一直被广泛用作 "绿色 "和 "安全 "的抗真菌剂。本文全面总结了 TTO 的来源、成分、提取方法、生物功能及其在果蔬贮藏中的应用。特别是重点介绍了三丁基氧化锡作为抗菌剂在减少病害发生和传播、激活植物防御系统方面的功能，包括保鲜效果、抗菌机理和应用方法。这对相关研究人员有很大的帮助和参考价值。

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引用次数: 0

Ascorbic acid mitigates ROS-induced chilling injury development in postharvest sweet basil via improving antioxidant defense system to impede senescence process 抗坏血酸通过改善抗氧化防御系统来阻碍衰老过程，从而减轻 ROS 诱导的甜罗勒采后冷冻损伤的发展过程

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113265

Sirawich Chotikakham , Natthapong Janhom

The visible manifestations of chilling injury symptoms significantly worsen nutritional and quality losses in sweet basil, rendering low-temperature storage impractical for extending its postharvest longevity. This study sought to determine how immersion in ascorbic acid (AsA) affected the visible development of chilling injury symptoms (leaf discoloration and death lesion manipulation) in sweet basil leaves, specifically focusing on oxidative damage, chlorophyll degradation and cell death. After being submerged in AsA at concentrations of 0, 1, 5 and 10 mM for 20 min, sweet basil branches were kept at 6 ± 1 °C for 12 d. The best concentration (10 mM) in alleviating chilling injury development and maintaining leaf quality was underwent analysis for reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulations, antioxidant systems, chlorophyll degradation and cell death. The visible sight of chilling injury initially appeared on day 3 coinciding with gradually elevated levels of ROS (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide), malondialdehyde and caspase 3, 8 and 9-like activities. Moreover, a surging in leaf discoloration coincided with the reduction in the rate of electron transport in isolated chloroplast and chlorophyll contents. However, the AsA-treated group exhibited lower chilling injury (25–60 %) than control on day 3 to day 12, which was associated with enhanced antioxidant systems, decreased ROS accumulation and lower activities of chlorophyll degrading enzymes (chlorophyll peroxidase and chlorophyllase) as well as caspase-like activities. These findings suggested that AsA immersion elevated antioxidant activity to suppress oxidative damage, reduced chlorophyll degradation and mitigated cell death, thereby improving cold stress tolerance in sweet basil during storage.

肉眼可见的冷害症状大大加剧了甜罗勒的营养和品质损失，使低温贮藏延长其采后寿命变得不切实际。本研究试图确定在抗坏血酸（AsA）中浸泡如何影响甜罗勒叶片冷害症状（叶片褪色和死亡病变操作）的明显发展，尤其侧重于氧化损伤、叶绿素降解和细胞死亡。将甜罗勒枝条浸没在浓度为 0、1、5 和 10 mM 的 AsA 中 20 分钟后，在 6 ± 1 °C 下保存 12 天，分析活性氧（ROS）积累、抗氧化系统、叶绿素降解和细胞死亡情况。随着 ROS（超氧化物和过氧化氢）、丙二醛和类 Caspase 3、8 和 9 活性水平的逐渐升高，第 3 天开始出现明显的冷害症状。此外，随着分离叶绿体中电子传递速率的降低和叶绿素含量的减少，叶片褪色也急剧增加。然而，在第 3 天至第 12 天，AsA 处理组的冷害程度（25-60%）低于对照组，这与抗氧化系统增强、ROS 积累减少、叶绿素降解酶（叶绿素过氧化物酶和叶绿素酶）活性降低以及类 Caspase 活性降低有关。这些研究结果表明，AsA浸泡提高了抗氧化活性，从而抑制了氧化损伤，减少了叶绿素降解，减轻了细胞死亡，从而提高了甜罗勒在贮藏期间对冷胁迫的耐受性。

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引用次数: 0

Phytosulfokine treatment delays browning of litchi pericarps during storage at room temperature 植物生长调节剂可延缓荔枝果皮在室温下褐变的时间

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113262

Hanzhi Liang , Yanxuan Zhu , Zhiwei Li , Yueming Jiang , Xuewu Duan , Guoxiang Jiang

Litchi, a tropical and subtropical fruit with substantial commercial value, is prone to browning after harvest. Phytosulfokine (PSK), a plant peptide hormone, plays a significant role in postharvest fruit preservation by affecting various biological processes. However, its specific effects on litchi browning have not been fully elucidated. This study demonstrates that PSK application effectively delays litchi pericarp browning, maintains a higher TSS/TA ratio, and reduces electrical conductivity. PSK treatment inhibits the degradation of anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolics, while also decreasing the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide anions (O₂⁻). Additionally, PSK enhances the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR), while reducing the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) compared to the control. Transcriptome analysis reveals that PSK upregulates genes involved in plant hormone signaling and biosynthesis of anthocyanins and flavonoids, while downregulating genes associated with glutathione metabolism and autophagy. RT-qPCR confirms that PSK treatment decreases the expression levels of APX, LAC7, PPO, POD1, POD5, POD51, and PODX, while increasing the expression of GPX4, contributing to the delayed browning. These findings suggest that PSK mitigates litchi browning by modulating oxidative enzymatic reactions and suppressing the expression of browning-related genes.

荔枝是一种具有巨大商业价值的热带和亚热带水果，采摘后很容易褐变。植物促褐变素（PSK）是一种植物肽类激素，通过影响各种生物过程在采后水果保鲜中发挥着重要作用。然而，它对荔枝褐变的具体影响尚未完全阐明。本研究表明，施用 PSK 能有效延缓荔枝果皮褐变，保持较高的 TSS/TA 比值，并降低电导率。PSK 处理可抑制花青素、类黄酮和酚类物质的降解，同时还可减少过氧化氢（H₂O₂）、丙二醛（MDA）和超氧阴离子（O₂-）的积累。此外，与对照组相比，PSK 还能提高超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）的活性，同时降低抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性。转录组分析表明，PSK 上调了参与植物激素信号转导以及花青素和类黄酮生物合成的基因，同时下调了与谷胱甘肽代谢和自噬相关的基因。RT-qPCR 证实，PSK 处理会降低 APX、LAC7、PPO、POD1、POD5、POD51 和 PODX 的表达水平，同时增加 GPX4 的表达，从而导致褐变延迟。这些研究结果表明，PSK 可通过调节氧化酶反应和抑制褐变相关基因的表达来减轻荔枝褐变。

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引用次数: 0

Salicylic acid treatment improves the storability of fresh longan by regulating the metabolisms of respiration and energy 水杨酸处理通过调节呼吸和能量代谢提高新鲜龙眼的耐贮藏性

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113258

Huili Zhang , Tingting Shan , Yang Chen , Hongyi Wen , Mengshi Lin , Zhongqi Fan , Hui Wang , Yihui Chen , Hetong Lin , Yifen Lin

This work investigated how salicylic acid (SA) treatment enhanced the storage quality of longan fruit by affecting its respiration and energy metabolism. Compared to control longan, SA-treated longan exhibited higher levels of commercially acceptable fruit rate, sucrose, vitamin C, TSS, and total soluble sugar, but lower levels of fruit disease index, pulp breakdown index, weight loss, TA, and reducing sugar. Additionally, SA treatment resulted in lower fruit respiration rate, lower activities of the critical enzymes involved in respiratory pathways (PGI, SDH, CCO, AAO), lower values of NADH and NAD, higher activities of enzymes (NADK, G-6-PDH + 6-PGDH), and higher amounts of NADPH and NADP. Besides, SA-treated longan showed higher levels of ATP, ADP, and energy charge, but lower AMP level, along with higher activities of H⁺-ATPase, Ca²⁺-ATPase, and Mg²⁺-ATPase in mitochondrial, plasma, and vacuolar membranes. These data indicated that SA treatment-maintained the storage attributes of postharvest longan was due to the weakened respiratory intensity, the reduced consumption of nutrients, the inhibited respiratory pathways of EMP-TCA cycle, and the enhanced respiratory pathway of PPP. Additionally, SA treatment retained higher levels of ATPase activity and energy status to maintain cellular ionic balance and protect membrane integrity, ultimately improved the storability of fresh longan during storage.

这项研究探讨了水杨酸（SA）处理如何通过影响龙眼果实的呼吸作用和能量代谢来提高其贮藏质量。与对照龙眼相比，经水杨酸处理的龙眼具有更高的商业可接受果率、蔗糖、维生素 C、TSS 和总可溶性糖含量，但果实病害指数、果肉破坏指数、失重、TA 和还原糖含量较低。此外，SA 处理导致果实呼吸速率降低，参与呼吸途径的关键酶（PGI、SDH、CCO、AAO）活性降低，NADH 和 NAD 值降低，酶（NADK、G-6-PDH + 6-PGDH）活性升高，NADPH 和 NADP 含量升高。此外，SA 处理的龙眼线粒体、浆膜和液泡膜中的 ATP、ADP 和能量电荷水平较高，但 AMP 水平较低，H+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase 和 Mg2+-ATPase 活性较高。这些数据表明，SA 处理之所以能保持采后龙眼的贮藏特性，是因为它削弱了呼吸强度，减少了营养物质的消耗，抑制了 EMP-TCA 循环的呼吸途径，增强了 PPP 的呼吸途径。此外，SA 处理保留了较高水平的 ATPase 活性和能量状态，以维持细胞离子平衡和保护细胞膜完整性，最终提高了新鲜龙眼在贮藏期间的贮藏性。

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引用次数: 0

UV-B radiation mitigates oxidative stress damage in postharvest Agaricus bisporus by modulating the antioxidant defense system 紫外线-B 辐射通过调节抗氧化防御系统减轻收获后双孢蘑菇的氧化应激损伤

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113266

Xueli Shang , Shiqi Bai , Liang Wen , Alfred Mugambi Mariga , Ning Ma , Donglu Fang , Wenjian Yang , Qiuhui Hu , Fei Pei

Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus) has fragile tissues and is highly susceptible to post-harvest decay and spoilage, which affecting the development of the industry. Ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation, as a typical irradiation preservation technology, is effective in inducing the production of endogenous metabolic substances in organisms and enhancing their level of resistance. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of activation of the antioxidant defence system in A. bisporus by UV-B irradiation, utilising a range of UV-B irradiation doses (0, 25, 50 and 100 kJ m⁻²). In this study we found that 50 kJ m⁻² UV-B irradiation effectively delayed the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibited NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity and the expression of Rbohf, PXMP2, PXMP4, APO, and MPV17. Moreover, it could increase the accumulation of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH), enhance the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and it also effectively induce catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities and up-regulate the expression levels of related genes. In addition, we found that UV-B irradiation upregulated the expression of UVR8 and suppressed the expression of PEX5, PEX11 and PMD1. These results suggest that 50 kJ m⁻² UV-B irradiation could stimulate the UV Resistance Loucs 8 (UVR8) receptor, regulate peroxisome proliferation, and enhance the ability of A. bisporus to resist oxidative stress, thereby maintaining the cellular redox homeostasis, this provides a new strategy for the study of extended postharvest storage stability of A. bisporus.

双孢蘑菇（A. bisporus）组织脆弱，收获后极易腐烂变质，影响产业发展。紫外线 B（UV-B）辐照作为一种典型的辐照保鲜技术，能有效诱导生物体产生内源代谢物质，提高其抗性水平。本研究的目的是利用一系列紫外线-B 照射剂量（0、25、50 和 100 kJ m-2）研究紫外线-B 照射激活双孢菇抗氧化防御系统的机制。在这项研究中，我们发现 50 kJ m-2 紫外线-B 照射能有效延缓活性氧（ROS）的积累，抑制 NADPH 氧化酶（NOX）的活性以及 Rbohf、PXMP2、PXMP4、APO 和 MPV17 的表达。此外，它还能增加抗坏血酸（AsA）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）的积累，提高抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）的活性，还能有效诱导过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）的活性，并上调相关基因的表达水平。此外，我们还发现 UV-B 照射会上调 UVR8 的表达，抑制 PEX5、PEX11 和 PMD1 的表达。这些结果表明，50 kJ m-2 UV-B 照射可刺激紫外线抗性路cs 8（UVR8）受体，调节过氧化物酶体增殖，增强双孢蘑菇抵抗氧化应激的能力，从而维持细胞氧化还原平衡，这为研究延长双孢蘑菇采后贮藏稳定性提供了新策略。

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引用次数: 0

Pre-storage anoxia treatment induces physicochemical characteristics of ‘Sucrier’ bananas (Musa AA group) in response to postharvest cold storage and subsequent ambient temperature 贮藏前缺氧处理诱导'Sucrier'香蕉（Musa AA 组）的理化特性对采后冷藏和随后环境温度的反应

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113264

Wasetthee Sittiprasert , Suriyan Supapvanich , Sirima Sinthusamran , Hataitip Nimitkeatkai , Chairat Techavuthiporn

The rapid ripening and senescence are the main problems of ‘Surcrier’ bananas during marketing. This study examined the impact of a short-term anoxia treatment on the physicochemical characteristics of ‘Sucrier’ bananas during refrigeration (15 °C), followed by exposure to 25 °C for 2 days. The anoxia treatment delayed the increases in the weight loss, and pulp-to-peel ratio as well as the pulp softening during refrigeration and after shifting to 25 °C compared to the untreated bananas. Moreover, at the end of refrigeration, the yellow color value (YCV) was 0.149 for control and 0.122 for anoxia-treated fruits. Meanwhile, on day 21+2, the YCV values increased to 0.246 for control and 0.275 for anoxia-treated fruits. Electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide levels were found to be reduced by the increased capacity of 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging in the peel. This suggests that anoxia treatment may be able to mitigate physiological damage and senescent spotting in ‘Sucrier’ bananas during cold storage and subsequent ambient temperature. The total soluble solids (TSS) content in control fruit increased from 5.25 % to 22.00 % after storage, while anoxia-treated fruit exhibited an increase in TSS content to 18.67 %, resulting in a delay in fruit ripening. In addition, the investigation revealed that the treatment of anoxia improved the antioxidant capacity of banana pulp by augmenting the total phenolic content and DPPH scavenging in the pulp. According to the results of this study, it is most beneficial to employ anoxic treatment prior to storage in terms of both fruit ripening and quality considerations.

快速成熟和衰老是'Surcrier'香蕉在销售过程中的主要问题。本研究考察了在冷藏（15 °C）过程中进行短期缺氧处理对 "苏克里尔 "香蕉理化特性的影响，随后将其暴露在 25 °C 下 2 天。与未经处理的香蕉相比，缺氧处理延缓了冷藏期间和移至 25 °C后香蕉重量损失、果肉与果皮比率以及果肉软化的增加。此外，冷藏结束时，对照组水果的黄色值（YCV）为 0.149，缺氧处理的水果为 0.122。同时，在第 21+2 天，对照组水果的 YCV 值增至 0.246，而缺氧处理水果的 YCV 值增至 0.275。由于果皮中 2,2-二苯基-2-苦基肼（DPPH）清除能力的提高，电解质渗漏、丙二醛和过氧化氢的含量都有所降低。这表明缺氧处理可以减轻'Sucrier'香蕉在冷藏和随后的常温下的生理损伤和衰老斑点。对照组水果的总可溶性固形物（TSS）含量在贮藏后从 5.25 % 增加到 22.00 %，而经过缺氧处理的水果总可溶性固形物含量增加到 18.67 %，导致水果成熟延迟。此外，调查还显示，缺氧处理提高了果肉中的总酚含量和 DPPH 清除率，从而提高了香蕉果肉的抗氧化能力。根据这项研究的结果，从果实成熟和质量的角度考虑，在贮藏前采用缺氧处理是最有益的。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of tropolone on gray mold rot in harvested fruit and its involved mechanism 特罗波隆对采收水果灰霉病的影响及其作用机制

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113255

Daoguo Chen , Yongxian Chen , Tong Chen , Yong Chen , Yong Xu , Andreas Blennow , Boqiang Li , Shiping Tian

Botrytis cinerea is one of the most devastating pathogen responsible for postharvest decay of fresh fruits and vegetables. However, traditional fungicide application is inclined to develop resistance strains, complicating the control of gray mold. Hence, there is an urgent need for exploiting new antifungal active substances and enhancing their antifungal activity in an environmentally friendly manner. In this study, tropolone was demonstrated efficacy in inhibiting B. cinerea mycelial growth at relatively low (40 mg L⁻¹) tropolone concentrations and spore germination at even lower (10 mg L⁻¹) tropolone concentrations. The antifungal mechanisms were linked to the disruption of spore germination-related gene expression rather than directly killing B. cinerea through cell membrane disruption. The inhibition of spore germination hindered the penetration of B. cinerea into host cells, thereby reducing disease severity in harvested apples and strawberries. To increase the protective effect of tropolone, we prepared small-sized maize starch nanoparticles loaded with tropolone and confirmed an enhanced antifungal effect. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the application of small-sized maize starch nanoparticles to increase antifungal effect and reduce fungicide application in postharvest disease control.

灰霉病菌是造成新鲜水果和蔬菜采后腐烂的最具破坏性的病原体之一。然而，传统的杀真菌剂容易产生抗性菌株，使灰霉病的防治工作变得更加复杂。因此，迫切需要开发新的抗真菌活性物质，并以环境友好的方式提高其抗真菌活性。在这项研究中，在相对较低（40 毫克/升-1）的特罗波隆浓度下，特罗波隆就能有效抑制灰霉病菌菌丝的生长，而在更低（10 毫克/升-1）的特罗波隆浓度下，孢子的萌发也会受到抑制。抗真菌机制与破坏孢子萌发相关基因的表达有关，而不是通过破坏细胞膜直接杀死 B. cinerea。对孢子萌发的抑制阻碍了 B. cinerea 进入寄主细胞，从而降低了收获的苹果和草莓的病害严重程度。为了增强特罗波隆的保护作用，我们制备了负载特罗波隆的小尺寸玉米淀粉纳米颗粒，并证实其抗真菌效果得到了增强。这项研究为应用小型玉米淀粉纳米颗粒提高抗真菌效果和减少采后病害防治中杀菌剂的应用提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring novel preservation strategies for blue honeysuckle through high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis 通过高通量测序和生物信息学分析探索蓝色金银花的新型保存策略

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113251

Lu Wang , Shasha Jiang , Caixue Zhou , Dehai Li , Changyan Sun , Shuxia Dai

Berries’ metabolic activities continue post-harvest, and their quality and safety are affected by various external and internal factors, with microbial contamination being one of the major influences. Refrigeration is necessary to preserve freshness and increase shelf life; however, understanding the changes in microbial communities on berries during refrigeration still is in its infancy. This study examines the diversity and dynamics of epidermal microbes on blue honeysuckle during refrigeration. Blue honeysuckle was refrigerated at 4 °C for 0, 4, 8, and 12 d, with microbial communities analyzed via Illumina Novaseq sequencing. Species distribution revealed dominant Ascomycota and Basidiomycota in fungi, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes in bacteria, with fluctuating abundance over time. Through tissue isolation, Alternaria alternata and Irpex lacteus were successfully separated and validated as predominant decay-causing fungi. Additionally, lactobacilli were isolated and screened for inhibiting decay-causing fungi, with Enterococcus faecium showing significant efficacy. Factors influencing its activity were evaluated, with temperature and pH impacting efficacy. Enzyme treatments indicated the role of peptides in inhibition. In vivo tests demonstrated preservation efficacy, highlighting bio-preservation potential for quality maintenance during storage. The study's workflow emphasizes exploring microbial ecological interventions that can be implemented in bio-preservation strategies, thereby enhancing understanding and management of post-harvest quality in berries, particularly blue honeysuckle.

浆果的新陈代谢活动在收获后仍在继续，其质量和安全性受到各种外部和内部因素的影响，其中微生物污染是主要影响因素之一。冷藏是保鲜和延长货架期所必需的，但对冷藏期间浆果上微生物群落变化的了解仍处于起步阶段。本研究考察了冷藏期间蓝色金银花表皮微生物的多样性和动态变化。将蓝金银花在 4 °C下冷藏 0、4、8 和 12 d，通过 Illumina Novaseq 测序分析微生物群落。物种分布显示，真菌中以子囊菌和担子菌为主，细菌中以变形菌和固着菌为主，其丰度随时间波动。通过组织分离，成功分离并验证了交替Alternaria和Irpex lacteus是主要的致腐真菌。此外，还分离和筛选了乳酸菌，以抑制致腐真菌，其中粪肠球菌具有显著功效。对影响其活性的因素进行了评估，其中温度和 pH 值对其功效有影响。酶处理表明了肽在抑制中的作用。体内测试表明了其防腐功效，突出了生物防腐在贮藏期间保持质量的潜力。该研究的工作流程强调探索可在生物保鲜策略中实施的微生物生态干预措施，从而加强对浆果（尤其是蓝金银花）采后质量的了解和管理。

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引用次数: 0