Postharvest Biology and Technology最新文献_第3页

Genome-wide analysis of the aldo-keto reductase (AKR) gene family and the role of PpAKR1 in salicylic acid-mediated delaying sand pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) fruit senescence 醛酮还原酶（AKR）基因家族的全基因组分析及PpAKR1在水杨酸介导的延缓沙梨果实衰老中的作用

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114138

Huiying Wang , Haiyan Shi , Xiaona Li

Postharvest senescence limits the storability and market value of sand pear, yet the role of aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) in this process remains unclear. Here, we conducted a genome‑wide analysis of the PpAKR superfamily and functionally characterized PpAKR1, previously identified as salicylic acid (SA) responsive in ‘Whangkeumbae’ fruit. A total of 50 PpAKR genes were identified and categorized into four families-AKR2, AKR4, AKR6, and AKR13-based on phylogenetic analysis. The PpAKR1 gene, which belongs to the AKR13 family, exhibited the highest homology with PpAKR40. The PpAKR1 was localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Furthermore, RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that PpAKR1 is predominantly expressed during the postharvest stage and responds to treatments with SA, auxin, ethylene, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid in ‘Whangkeumbae’ fruit. Silencing of the PpAKR1 gene in pear fruit resulted in a marked reduction in fruit firmness and SA content, accompanied by significant increases in ethylene production, MDA, H₂O₂, and O₂^- levels. Concurrently, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including SOD, POD, and CAT, were substantially decreased. In contrast, the activities of cell wall-degrading enzymes—PG, PME, and CX—were significantly elevated. Notably, exogenous application of SA effectively mitigated the fruit senescence symptoms induced by PpAKR1 silencing. Overexpression of PpAKR1 in sand pear callus resulted in increased SA content, a reduction in the accumulation of MDA, H₂O₂, and O₂⁻, while enhancing the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT, and reducing the activities of PG, PME, and CX, thereby delaying callus senescence. In response to SA, the senescence of PpAKR1-overexpressing callus was further delayed, whereas ethylene accelerated the senescence process. These findings provide valuable insights into the PpAKR gene superfamily and offer preliminary evidence supporting the role of the SA-induced PpAKR1 gene in delaying senescence in sand pear fruit.

采后衰老限制了沙梨的贮藏性和市场价值，而醛酮还原酶（AKRs）在这一过程中的作用尚不清楚。在这里，我们对PpAKR超家族进行了全基因组分析，并对PpAKR1进行了功能表征，PpAKR1先前在‘ Whangkeumbae ’果实中被鉴定为水杨酸（SA）应答。经系统发育分析，共鉴定出50个PpAKR基因，并将其分为akr2、AKR4、AKR6和akr13 4个家族。PpAKR1基因属于AKR13家族，与PpAKR40的同源性最高。PpAKR1定位于细胞质和细胞核。此外，RT-qPCR分析表明，PpAKR1主要在采后阶段表达，并对SA、生长素、乙烯和1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸处理有响应。PpAKR1基因的沉默导致梨果实硬度和SA含量显著降低，同时乙烯产量、MDA、H2O2和O2-水平显著增加。同时，SOD、POD、CAT等抗氧化酶活性显著降低。相反，细胞壁降解酶pg、PME和cx的活性显著升高。值得注意的是，外源施用SA能有效缓解PpAKR1沉默诱导的果实衰老症状。PpAKR1在沙梨愈伤组织中过表达，导致SA含量增加，MDA、H₂O₂、O₂⁻积累减少，SOD、POD、CAT活性增强，PG、PME、CX活性降低，延缓愈伤组织衰老。在SA的作用下，过表达ppakr1的愈伤组织的衰老进一步延迟，而乙烯则加速了其衰老过程。这些发现为PpAKR基因超家族的研究提供了有价值的见解，并为sa诱导的PpAKR1基因在沙梨果实延缓衰老中的作用提供了初步证据。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the mechanisms involved in Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense infecting postharvest tomato fruits 探讨胡萝卜乳杆菌亚种的发病机制。巴西孢子虫感染采后番茄果实

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114136

Hongcan Fei , Xiaoyun Zhang , Opoku Genevieve Fremah , Esa Abiso Godana , Jun Li , Yuanyuan Xie , Lina Zhao , Hongyin Zhang

Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense (Pcb) is a prevalent pathogen responsible for tomato soft rot disease, which reduces the edible quality of tomatoes, resulting in significant economic losses. However, the mechanisms of Pcb infecting tomatoes remain incompletely elucidated. This study comprehensively explored the mechanisms involved by integrating phenotypic analysis with transcriptomic analysis. Experimental results demonstrated progressive development of tomato soft rot over time following Pcb inoculation, with active bacterial division in fruit tissues at 36 h post-inoculation (hpi). Pcb demonstrated strong ability in proliferation, biofilm formation and motility, which facilitated its infection of the fruits. In vitro assays confirmed the secretion of three principal plant cell wall-degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) by Pcb: protease, pectinase, and cellulase. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the pathways including the phosphotransferase system (PTS) pathway, two-component system (TCS) pathway, bacterial secretion pathway, and bacterial chemotaxis pathway of Pcb were significantly enriched, suggesting these pathways played crucial roles in the infection of Pcb. The key virulence-related genes such as FliC, Egl, and EpsA were notably upregulated, contributing to the progression of soft rot. This study elucidates the key mechanisms of Pcb infecting tomatoes, laying a solid foundation for developing targeted control strategies against tomato soft rot, and demonstrates promising application prospects in disease management of postharvest tomatoes.

胡萝卜乳杆菌亚种brasiliense （Pcb）是一种流行的番茄软腐病病原，它降低了番茄的食用品质，造成了重大的经济损失。然而，多氯联苯感染番茄的机制尚未完全阐明。本研究通过结合表型分析和转录组分析全面探讨了相关机制。实验结果表明，接种多氯联苯后，随着时间的推移，番茄软腐病逐渐发展，接种后36 h （hpi）果实组织中细菌分裂活跃。Pcb具有较强的增殖能力、生物膜形成能力和运动性，有利于侵染果实。体外实验证实了三种主要的植物细胞壁降解酶（PCWDEs）：蛋白酶、果胶酶和纤维素酶。转录组分析结果显示，Pcb的磷酸转移酶系统（PTS）、双组分系统（TCS）、细菌分泌途径和细菌趋化途径显著富集，表明这些途径在Pcb感染中发挥了重要作用。FliC、Egl、EpsA等关键毒力相关基因显著上调，促进了软腐病的发展。本研究阐明了Pcb侵染番茄的关键机制，为制定番茄软腐病的针对性防治策略奠定了坚实的基础，在番茄采后病害管理中具有广阔的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Sanxiapeptin inhibits Penicillium digitatum by affecting cell surface and ROS accumulation Sanxiapeptin通过影响细胞表面和ROS积累来抑制指状青霉

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114108

Xiaoxuan Bai , Jing Li , Renqing Xiong , Siyu Liu , Run Liu , Gaojie Zhu , Yingping Huang , Shiping Liu

The green mold caused by Penicillium digitatum was a prevalent postharvest disease of citrus, resulting huge economic losses every year. Sanxiapeptin, a promising peptide preservative against citrus green mold caused by P. digitatum, was studied for its antifungal mechanisms using in-situ biochemical analyses and RNA-seq. The results showed that Sanxiapeptin inhibited conidiophore development-related genes, reducing spore production and viability. It also down-regulates genes for hydrolytic enzymes, disrupting cell wall and membrane integrity, subsequently altering surface morphology. Moreover, antioxidant genes and enzyme activities were decreased, while superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide increased, leading to ROS burst. In conclusion, this study deeply explores the multiple antifungal mechanisms of Sanxiapeptin through molecular biological methods, demonstrating its ideal potential as a food preservative for controlling fungal disease.

指状青霉菌引起的青霉病是柑橘采后常见病害，每年造成巨大的经济损失。采用原位生化分析和RNA-seq技术，研究了一种很有前景的抗柑橘绿霉肽防腐剂Sanxiapeptin的抑菌机制。结果表明，Sanxiapeptin抑制分生孢子发育相关基因，降低孢子产量和活力。它还下调水解酶的基因，破坏细胞壁和细胞膜的完整性，随后改变表面形态。抗氧化基因和酶活性降低，超氧阴离子和过氧化氢增加，导致ROS爆发。综上所述，本研究通过分子生物学方法深入探索了Sanxiapeptin的多重抗真菌机制，展示了其作为控制真菌疾病的食品防腐剂的理想潜力。

引用次数: 0

Targeting the Snf1 kinase by cinnamaldehyde induces glucose starvation and oxidative stress in Fusarium solani for the control of sweet potato postharvest decay 肉桂醛靶向Snf1激酶诱导番茄枯萎菌葡萄糖饥饿和氧化应激，防治甘薯采后腐烂

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114116

Chao Pan , Fajuan Wang , Yanzi Chu , Yahui Xue , Yan Ye , Kunlong Yang , Jinfeng Hua , Ling Shen , Jun Tian

Fusarium root rot, caused by Fusarium solani, is one of the major postharvest diseases of sweet potato. Cinnamaldehyde (CA), a natural product from cinnamon bark, has demonstrated promising antifungal efficacy; however, its mechanism of action, especially regarding fungal sugar metabolism, remains poorly understood. CA above 0.375 g L⁻¹ inhibited F. solani mycelial growth, induced glucose deprivation, and triggered the accumulation of reserve carbohydrates (trehalose and glycogen). Moreover, CA promoted the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), protein carbonylation, and DNA fragmentation, indicating that CA caused oxidative damage and led to apoptotic cell death in F. solani. Notably, CA suppressed the function of the metabolic regulator sucrose non-fermenting protein kinase 1 (Snf1) by disrupting its transcription and translation. Genetic knockout of Snf1 increased the inhibition rate of mycelial growth, amplified intracellular glucose scarcity, promoted the accumulation of reserve carbohydrates, accelerated H₂O₂ accumulation and protein oxidative damage, and ultimately exacerbated the extent of cell apoptosis. Complementarily, activation of Snf1 attenuated the antifungal effect of CA. Moreover, CA reduced rot incidence and better preserved nutritional quality (soluble sugars and starch), particularly in sweet potato roots infected with Snf1-deletion mutants. These findings reveal that CA exerts its antifungal effect by disrupting Snf1-mediated glucose supply and inducing oxidative stress in F. solani to control sweet potato postharvest decay. This study provides novel insights into the antifungal mechanism of plant essential oils and supports the potential application of CA as an eco-friendly preservative for controlling postharvest spoilage in carbohydrate-rich fresh produce.

枯萎病是甘薯主要的采后病害之一，是由枯萎病引起的。肉桂醛（CA）是肉桂树皮的天然产物，具有良好的抗真菌作用；然而，其作用机制，特别是关于真菌糖代谢，仍然知之甚少。CA高于0.375 g L−1时，可抑制茄茄菌菌丝生长，诱导葡萄糖剥夺，并触发储备碳水化合物（海藻糖和糖原）的积累。此外，CA促进了活性氧和过氧化氢（H2O2）的积累、蛋白质羰基化和DNA片段化，表明CA引起了茄蚜细胞的氧化损伤和凋亡细胞死亡。值得注意的是，CA通过破坏代谢调节剂蔗糖非发酵蛋白激酶1 （Snf1）的转录和翻译来抑制其功能。基因敲除Snf1增加了对菌丝生长的抑制率，放大了细胞内葡萄糖的稀缺性，促进了储备碳水化合物的积累，加速了H2O2的积累和蛋白质的氧化损伤，最终加重了细胞凋亡的程度。另外，Snf1的激活减弱了CA的抗真菌作用。此外，CA降低了腐病发生率，并更好地保存了营养品质（可溶性糖和淀粉），特别是在Snf1缺失突变体感染的甘薯根中。这些研究结果表明，CA通过破坏snf1介导的葡萄糖供应和诱导氧化应激来抑制甘薯采后腐烂，从而发挥其抗真菌作用。该研究为植物精油的抗真菌机制提供了新的见解，并支持了CA作为一种环保防腐剂在富含碳水化合物的新鲜农产品中控制采后腐败的潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0

Melatonin treatment induces glycoside accumulation to confer chilling tolerance in cucumber fruit during cold storage 褪黑素处理诱导糖苷积累，赋予黄瓜果实在冷藏过程中的抗寒性

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114134

Xiao Yuan , Yuanyuan Jiang , Yukun Wang , Yunna Zhu , Liangjie Ba , Bin Wang

Cucumber fruit is highly susceptible to chilling injury (CI) during cold storage. In this study, postharvest cucumber fruit was treated with melatonin (MT) prior to cold storage. We found that MT treatment significantly reduced CI development and maintained high total soluble solids content throughout cold storage. Metabolomics data indicated that MT treatment significantly altered the metabolite profiles in cold-stored cucumber fruit. Specifically, the contents of 11 sugar-related metabolites were significantly higher in MT-treated fruit compared to the control at both 6 d and 12 d of cold storage. Of these, 8 were glycosides, such as n-propyl β-lactoside, (4S)-α-terpineol 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, limonin 17-β-D-glucopyranoside and kankanoside P, suggesting that MT treatment promotes sugar accumulation, particularly of glycosides. Transcriptomic data revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) upregulated by MT treatment were highly associated with sugar biosynthesis or metabolism pathways, as well as various types of glycan biosynthesis pathways. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and gene set enrichment analysis further confirmed the overall upregulation of DEGs in glycan biosynthesis pathway by MT treatment. A joint analysis combining metabolome and transcriptome data showed high correlations between MT-modulated metabolites and DEGs in glycan biosynthesis pathway. Furthermore, RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that MT treatment significantly upregulated the expression of 6 representative genes involved in glycan biosynthesis. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that MT treatment induces chilling tolerance in cucumber fruit during cold storage, likely by promoting glycoside accumulation and inducing glycosidation. The accumulated glycosides would maintain osmotic equilibrium across cell membranes or enhance the biological activities of various molecules, thereby bolstering resistance to cold stress.

黄瓜果实在冷藏过程中极易受到冷害。在本研究中，采后黄瓜果实在冷藏前用褪黑素（MT）处理。我们发现，MT处理显著降低了CI的发展，并在整个冷藏过程中保持了较高的总可溶性固形物含量。代谢组学数据表明，MT处理显著改变了冷藏黄瓜果实的代谢物谱。具体而言，mt处理的果实在冷藏6 d和12 d的11种糖相关代谢物含量均显著高于对照。其中，8种是糖苷，如正丙基β-乳糖苷、(4S)-α-松油醇8- o -β- d -葡萄糖苷、柠檬素17-β- d -葡萄糖苷和坎卡诺苷P，这表明MT处理促进了糖的积累，尤其是糖苷的积累。转录组学数据显示，MT处理上调的差异表达基因（DEGs）与糖生物合成或代谢途径以及各种类型的糖生物合成途径高度相关。加权基因共表达网络分析和基因集富集分析进一步证实了MT处理对多糖生物合成途径中DEGs的整体上调。一项结合代谢组和转录组数据的联合分析显示，mt调节的代谢物与多糖生物合成途径中的DEGs之间存在高度相关性。此外，RT-qPCR分析表明，MT处理显著上调了6个参与聚糖生物合成的代表性基因的表达。综上所述，这些结果强烈表明，MT处理可能通过促进糖苷积累和诱导糖苷化来诱导黄瓜果实在冷藏期间的耐冷性。积累的糖苷可以维持细胞膜的渗透平衡或增强各种分子的生物活性，从而增强对冷胁迫的抵抗力。

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引用次数: 0

Discovery of renewable rosin-based 1,2,4-triazole preservative derivatives to control Valsa mali for postharvest disease management of apple fruit 以松香为基础的1,2,4-三唑类保鲜剂的发现及其在苹果采后病害防治中的应用

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114131

Renle Xu , Xiaoyu Yan , Yuge Hu , Jiuhui Ye , Pengpeng Liu , Yi Zhang , Zida Zhang , Yanqing Gao , Kai Li , Wangxia Wang , Feng Gu , Jian Li

Apple rot disease caused by Valsa mali poses a severe threat to apple production and quality. In this study, a series of renewable rosin-based 1,2,4-triazole preservative derivatives were designed and synthesized to control V. mali, using dehydroabietic acid as the lead compound. The in vitro antifungal activity evaluation revealed that most derivatives exhibited excellent inhibitory effects on V. mali, and compound 7 l (Co. 7 l) exhibited excellent antifungal activity, with a half-maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) of 4.63 × 10⁻⁴ g L⁻¹, outperforming the commercial fungicide flusilazole. Quantum chemical calculations highlighted the critical role of the 1,2,4-triazole ring and amide group in interactions with target proteins. In vivo measurement suggested that Co. 7 l displayed superior protective and curative effects on apple fruit and branches compared to control check. Physicochemical analysis showed that Co. 7 l avoided weight loss, increased total soluble solids and antioxidant enzyme activity, and decreased titratable acidity, superoxide anion radicals, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels of apple fruit. Additionally, mode of action studies indicated that Co. 7 l inhibited sterol biosynthesis by targeting CYP51 enzyme, reduced ergosterol content, disrupted mycelial cell membranes, causing ROS accumulation (particularly singlet oxygen) and lipid peroxidation. The acute toxicity measurement indicated that Co. 7 l exhibited low toxicity to zebrafish. Overall, Co. 7 l represents a promising eco-friendly fungicide candidate for sustainable postharvest disease management of apple fruit.

苹果腐病对苹果的生产和质量构成严重威胁。本研究以脱氢枞酸为先导化合物，设计合成了一系列以可再生松香为基础的1,2,4-三唑类防腐衍生物。体外抑菌活性评价表明，大多数衍生物对真菌有良好的抑制作用，其中化合物7 l （Co. 7 l）具有良好的抑菌活性，其半最大有效浓度（EC50）为4.63 × 10−4 g l−1，优于市售杀菌剂氟咪唑。量子化学计算强调了1,2,4-三唑环和酰胺基团在与靶蛋白相互作用中的关键作用。体内测定表明，Co. 7 l对苹果果实和枝条的保护和治疗作用优于对照。理化分析表明，Co. 7 l可避免苹果果实失重，提高总可溶性固形物和抗氧化酶活性，降低可滴定酸度、超氧阴离子自由基、过氧化氢和丙二醛水平。此外，作用方式研究表明Co. 7 l通过靶向CYP51酶抑制甾醇生物合成，降低麦角甾醇含量，破坏菌丝细胞膜，引起ROS积累（特别是单线态氧）和脂质过氧化。急性毒性测定表明，Co. 7 1对斑马鱼具有低毒性。总之，Co. 7 l是一种很有前途的生态友好型杀菌剂，可用于苹果果实采后病害的可持续管理。

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引用次数: 0

A hidden alliance: The potential role of bacteria in the virulence of postharvest fungal pathogens 一个隐藏的联盟：细菌在收获后真菌病原体毒力中的潜在作用

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114130

Samir Droby , V. Yeka Zhimo , Vijay Kumar Sharma , Rotem Bartuv , Michael Wisniewski , Hongyin Zhang , Shiri Freilich , Davide Spadaro

Postharvest losses caused by fungal pathogens are traditionally explained through a single-pathogen paradigm, where disease results from pathogen pathogenicity and virulence factors acting on a susceptible host under favorable conditions. However, emerging evidence challenges this view, pointing instead to the role of microbial consortia - the postharvest pathobiome - in shaping infection outcomes. In this opinion article, we explore the potential hidden alliance between fungi and bacteria that enhances the virulence of postharvest pathogens. Using apple - P. expansum as a model system, preliminary experiments revealed that co-inoculation with certain bacterial isolates significantly increased lesion development compared to the fungus alone, whereas bacteria alone were non-pathogenic. Amplicon sequencing further showed that fungal infection altered the wound microbiome, favoring the proliferation of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. We discuss multiple mechanisms by which bacteria may contribute to fungal virulence, including nutrient cross-feeding, biofilm formation, chemical signaling, pH modulation, alteration of host defenses, and the formation of endosymbiotic alliances. Recognition of this fungal-bacterial synergy has profound implications for postharvest management, as fungicide or biocontrol-based strategies may overlook the supportive role of bacteria and inadvertently favor more resilient pathogenic consortia. We propose that future disease control strategies adopt a microbiome-driven perspective, integrating high-throughput sequencing, metabolomics, imaging, and in silico modeling to disentangle these interactions and guide the development of sustainable, biologically informed interventions. Understanding and manipulating such inter-kingdom alliances may represent a crucial step toward reducing postharvest decay and improving global food security.

由真菌病原体引起的采后损失传统上通过单一病原体范式来解释，其中疾病是由病原体致病性和毒力因素在有利条件下作用于易感宿主引起的。然而，新出现的证据挑战了这一观点，而是指出了微生物群落-采收后病原体组-在塑造感染结果中的作用。在这篇观点文章中，我们探讨了真菌和细菌之间潜在的隐藏联盟，增强了采后病原体的毒力。以苹果-膨松菌为模型系统，初步实验发现，与单独接种真菌相比，与某些细菌分离株共接种显著增加了病变的发展，而单独接种细菌则无致病性。扩增子测序进一步表明，真菌感染改变了伤口微生物群，有利于厌氧和兼性厌氧细菌的增殖。我们讨论了细菌可能对真菌毒力起作用的多种机制，包括营养交叉摄食、生物膜形成、化学信号传导、pH调节、宿主防御的改变以及内共生联盟的形成。认识到这种真菌-细菌协同作用对采后管理具有深远的意义，因为杀菌剂或基于生物防治的策略可能忽略了细菌的支持作用，无意中有利于更具弹性的致病菌群。我们建议未来的疾病控制策略采用微生物组驱动的视角，整合高通量测序、代谢组学、成像和计算机建模，以理清这些相互作用，并指导可持续的、生物学知情的干预措施的发展。了解和操纵这种王国间联盟可能是减少采后腐烂和改善全球粮食安全的关键一步。

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引用次数: 0

Application of ε-poly-L-lysine alleviates postharvest disease in fresh longans incurred by Phomopsis longanae Chi via regulating the metabolisms of reactive oxygen species and membrane lipids ε-聚l -赖氨酸通过调节活性氧和膜脂代谢，减轻鲜龙眼采后病害

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114114

Xiaoze Dai , Qingqing Liu , Junzheng Sun , Ruiling Zhuo , Yifen Lin , Mengshi Lin , Boqiang Li , Shiping Tian , Hetong Lin , Yihui Chen

Postharvest disease caused by Phomopsis longanae Chi (P. longanae) is a primary contributor to quality deterioration and reduced shelf life in longans. ε-Poly-L-lysine (ε-PL), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, alleviated disease development in P. longanae-infected longans. This study investigates the mechanisms of ε-PL enhances disease resistance in longans from the viewpoint of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and membrane lipid metabolism. Results manifested that, compared to the P. longanae-infected longans, ε-PL treatment increased SOD, CAT, and APX activities, enhanced reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging ability, and increased GSH and AsA contents. Additionally, ε-PL treatment reduced PI-PLC, PC-PLC, PLD, lipase, and LOX activities, lowered DAG, PA, and SFAs levels, but increased PC, PI, USFAs, U/S and IUFA levels. These changes suppressed accumulation of O₂^-. and MDA, and restrained an increase of CMP, thereby maintaining membrane integrity. Overall, ε-PL treatment effectively enhanced fruit resistance to P. longanae by regulating the metabolisms of ROS and membrane lipids, and provided a potential alternative method for controlling postharvest disease in longans.

龙眼采后病害是导致龙眼品质恶化和货架期缩短的主要原因。ε-聚l -赖氨酸（ε-PL）是一种广谱抗菌剂，能缓解龙眼假单胞菌感染后龙眼的疾病发展。本研究从活性氧（ROS）和膜脂代谢的角度探讨ε-PL增强龙眼抗病性的机制。结果表明，与龙眼P.龙眼相比，ε-PL处理提高了龙眼的SOD、CAT和APX活性，增强了还原能力和清除DPPH自由基的能力，提高了GSH和AsA含量。此外，ε-PL处理降低了PI- plc、PC- plc、PLD、脂肪酶和LOX活性，降低了DAG、PA和sfa水平，但提高了PC、PI、USFAs、U/S和IUFA水平。这些变化抑制了O2-的积累。和MDA，抑制CMP的增加，从而维持膜的完整性。综上所示，ε-PL处理通过调控活性氧和膜脂代谢有效增强龙眼果实对龙眼的抗性，为龙眼采后病害防治提供了一种潜在的替代方法。

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引用次数: 0

Sound treatment accelerates banana peel degreening via calcium-signaling-mediated ethylene action 声音处理通过钙信号介导的乙烯作用加速香蕉皮脱脂

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114121

Shuhan Yang , Jiayi Liu , Yicheng Ren , Dong Li , Zisheng Luo , Yanpei Chen

Sound treatment (ST) is a non-invasive and eco-friendly technology with potential in postharvest fruit quality regulation. However, its effects and underlying mechanisms in postharvest climacteric fruits remain an unexplored frontier. This study evaluated the effects of ST (1 kHz, 100 dB, 12 h/d) on the postharvest ripening of bananas (Musa acuminata cv. Huangjinjiao, AAA) under ethephon-based ethylene fumigation. ST significantly accelerated peel degreening, with chlorophyll content in the control group 2.3 times higher than that in the ST group by 8 d. In addition, the firmness in the ST group was 57.9 % (peel) and 10.3 % (flesh) of the value in the CT group on 8 d, reflecting an accelerated softening process. Under ST, the soluble calcium level in the ST group was 1.58 times that in the CT group, and the expression of genes related to calcium and ethylene signaling was upregulated. Moreover, the activities of ethylene biosynthesis enzymes were enhanced, thereby promoting ethylene production. Consequently, chlorophyll-degrading enzymes were activated, accelerating peel degreening. Overall, this study provides the first systematic evidence of how ST modulates calcium–ethylene crosstalk to regulate fruit quality during ripening and highlights its potential as a green strategy for improving postharvest management and commercial handling of bananas.

声音处理技术是一种无创、环保的水果采后品质调控技术。然而，其在采后更年期果实中的作用和潜在机制仍然是一个未探索的前沿。本研究评价了ST（1 kHz, 100 dB, 12 h/d）对香蕉采后成熟的影响。黄金角，AAA)乙烯基乙烯熏蒸。ST显著加速了果皮去角质，8 d时，对照组的叶绿素含量是ST组的2.3倍。另外，8 d时，ST组果皮的硬度为CT组的57.9 %（果皮），10.3 %（果肉），软化过程加快。在ST作用下，ST组的可溶性钙水平是CT组的1.58倍，钙和乙烯信号相关基因表达上调。此外，乙烯生物合成酶活性增强，从而促进乙烯的生产。因此，叶绿素降解酶被激活，加速果皮去角质。总的来说，这项研究提供了ST如何调节钙-乙烯串扰来调节成熟过程中的水果质量的第一个系统证据，并强调了其作为改善香蕉采后管理和商业处理的绿色策略的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Antifungal mechanisms and preservation applications of LED technology against postharvest spoilage fungi in blueberries LED技术对蓝莓采后腐败真菌的抑菌机理及保鲜应用

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114128

Jialing Li , Ziqian Zhang , Yingyin Wu , Zhiwei Ye , Yuan Zou , Hyun-Gyun Yuk , Qianwang Zheng

Fungal infection remains the primary cause of postharvest blueberry decay. As a non-thermal technology, light-emitting diode (LED) offers a promising approach to preservation by inhibiting fungal activity. This study investigated the antifungal effects and mechanisms of LED against the main spoilage fungi (Penicillium sclerotiorum and Cladosporium cladosporioides) in blueberries and its application potential for preservation. Under optimal conditions (410–420 nm LED, 25°C, 12 h), LED treatment achieved spore inhibition rates of 99.46–99.52 % in vitro. The in vivo study using inoculated blueberries, under the same conditions (extended to 36 h), demonstrated maximum log reductions of 4.11 and 2.50 CFU/g for the two fungi, respectively. Based on these, the antifungal mechanism was further elucidated through cellular and molecular analyses. At the cellular level, results indicated that cellular membrane damage (lipid peroxidation and intracellular leakage), oxidative stress (ROS accumulation and diminished antioxidant enzyme activities), and mitochondrial dysfunction (ΔΨm dysregulation and ATP depletion) are the main causes of cell damage. Molecular analysis revealed that LED disrupted structural integrity by suppressing cell wall/membrane biosynthesis genes, impaired antioxidant defense by inhibiting peroxisome biogenesis (P. sclerotiorum) and GSH synthesis genes (C. cladosporioides), and dysregulated energy metabolism by altering key genes in glycolysis, TCA cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, compared with the untreated control, the LED treatment had no significant effect on the blueberries' color, soluble solids, and pH, though it increased weight loss and reduced firmness. These findings suggest a novel LED-based preservation strategy for blueberries and provide a theoretical basis for its application.

真菌感染仍然是蓝莓采后腐烂的主要原因。作为一种非热技术，发光二极管（LED）通过抑制真菌活性提供了一种很有前途的保存方法。本研究探讨了LED对蓝莓主要腐坏真菌（菌核青霉和枝孢枝霉）的抑菌作用及其机制，以及LED在蓝莓保鲜中的应用潜力。在最佳条件下（410-420 nm LED, 25°C, 12 h）， LED处理的孢子抑制率为99.46-99.52 %。在相同条件下（延长至36 h），接种蓝莓的体内研究表明，两种真菌的最大对数分别降低了4.11和2.50 CFU/g。在此基础上，通过细胞和分子分析进一步阐明了其抗真菌机制。在细胞水平上，结果表明细胞膜损伤（脂质过氧化和细胞内渗漏）、氧化应激（ROS积累和抗氧化酶活性降低）和线粒体功能障碍（ΔΨm失调和ATP耗竭）是细胞损伤的主要原因。分子分析表明，LED通过抑制细胞壁/膜生物合成基因来破坏结构完整性，通过抑制过氧化物酶体生物发生（P. sclerotiorum）和GSH合成基因（C. cladosporioides）来破坏抗氧化防御，通过改变糖酵解、TCA循环和氧化磷酸化的关键基因来失调能量代谢。此外，与未处理的对照组相比，LED处理对蓝莓的颜色、可溶性固形物和pH值没有显著影响，尽管它增加了蓝莓的重量减轻，降低了蓝莓的硬度。研究结果提示了一种新的蓝莓led保存策略，并为蓝莓的应用提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0