Postharvest Biology and Technology最新文献_第2页

Thioredoxin PgTRX acts as a protein elicitor to suppress green mold in citrus fruit via modulation of glutathione metabolism 硫氧还蛋白PgTRX作为蛋白激发子通过调节谷胱甘肽代谢来抑制柑橘果实中的绿霉

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114150

Rong Zhu , Ou Chen , Yao Xu , Rui Huang , Wenjun Wang , Jian Ming , Kaifang Zeng

Microbial secreted proteins hold great potential for application in postharvest as an innovative biocontrol technology. Citrus fruit are highly prone to infected by Penicillium digitatum during postharvest storage, leading to considerable economic losses. This study centered on thioredoxin (designated PgTRX) secreted from the antagonistic yeast Pichia galeiformis, aiming to assess its potential as a protein elicitor for suppressing citrus green mold and to clarify the underlying mechanism. PgTRX was heterologously expressed and purified using a prokaryotic system, and its biochemical properties were analyzed through in vitro experiments. As a typical thioredoxin, PgTRX possesses redox activity and maintains good stability within specific ranges of temperature and pH. Notably, PgTRX effectively induced defense responses in citrus fruit enhancing disease resistance to green mold. To identify proteins in citrus peels that interact with PgTRX, His-pull down assay were followed by Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This analysis identified 673 potential interacting proteins, most of which are involved in antioxidant defense pathways. Further investigation revealed that PgTRX treatment activated the glutathione metabolic pathway, resulting in a significant upregulation of related genes. Transient overexpression genes (CsIDH-1, CsGCL, CsLAP, CsGR, CsGST23, CsGSTF9, and CsGSTU8) notably improved the citrus disease resistance. In conclusion, this study confirms that PgTRX can reduce green mold in citrus fruit and clarifies its role in inducing citrus resistance. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of biological strategies against postharvest disease in citrus fruit.

微生物分泌蛋白作为一种创新的生物防治技术，在采后防治中具有很大的应用潜力。柑桔果实在采后贮藏过程中极易感染指状青霉，造成相当大的经济损失。本研究以拮抗酵母galeiformis毕赤酵母（Pichia galeiformis）分泌的硫氧还蛋白（PgTRX）为中心，旨在评估其作为抑制柑橘绿霉菌的蛋白激发子的潜力，并阐明其潜在的机制。利用原核系统对PgTRX进行了异源表达和纯化，并通过体外实验对其生化特性进行了分析。PgTRX是一种典型的硫氧还蛋白，具有氧化还原活性，在特定的温度和ph范围内保持良好的稳定性。值得注意的是，PgTRX能有效诱导柑橘果实的防御反应，增强对绿霉病的抗性。为了鉴定柑橘皮中与PgTRX相互作用的蛋白，采用液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS/MS）进行了His-pull - down试验。该分析确定了673个潜在的相互作用蛋白，其中大多数参与抗氧化防御途径。进一步研究发现，PgTRX处理激活了谷胱甘肽代谢途径，导致相关基因显著上调。瞬时过表达基因（CsIDH-1、CsGCL、CsLAP、CsGR、CsGST23、CsGSTF9和CsGSTU8）显著提高了柑橘的抗病性。综上所述，本研究证实了PgTRX可以减少柑橘果实中的绿霉病，并阐明了其诱导柑橘抗性的作用。这些发现为开发针对柑橘采后病害的生物学策略提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insights into vanillin's inhibitory effects on Fusarium oxysporum induced postharvest disease 香兰素抑制尖孢镰刀菌采后病害的机理研究

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114145

Xinlin Liu , Jiakai He , Yahui Cui , Muhammad Muzammal Aslam , Jian Xu , Rui Li , Wen Li

Fusarium oxysporum, a major postharvest phytopathogen, causes huge economic losses to the fruit industry. This study evaluated the antifungal efficacy and mechanisms of vanillin, a potential green preservative, against F. oxysporum. Results demonstrated that vanillin effectively reduced disease index and lesion area in pitaya, cherry tomato, and banana in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro, vanillin significantly inhibited F. oxysporum spore germination and mycelial growth, accompanied by increased relative electrical conductivity, and leakage of nucleic acids, and soluble proteins and sugars. Furthermore, vanillin treatment impaired the integrity of cell wall and cell membrane, and observations via SEM and TEM confirmed the disruption of these cell structures. Vanillin treatment also triggered oxidative stress in F. oxysporum, characterized by elevated levels of MDA, H₂O₂, and O₂•⁻, and suppressed the antioxidant system. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant downregulation of genes involved in spore development (FoCDC5, FoBRLA, FoVEA, FoMEP1, and FoGPI7), cell wall biosynthesis (FoFKS1, FoGEL1, FoCHS2, and FoCHS6), and cell membrane integrity (FoEGR5, FoEGR3, FoUPC2, and FoTPS2). These changes were consistent with the impaired spore viability, disrupted cell structures, and reduced virulence of F. oxysporum. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that vanillin exerts its antifungal activity via a multi-target mode of action, which thereby highlights its considerable potential as a promising agent for the control of postharvest fruit diseases caused by F. oxysporum.

尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）是一种重要的采后病原菌，给果业造成巨大的经济损失。本研究评价了一种潜在的绿色防腐剂香兰素对尖孢镰刀菌的抑菌效果及其作用机制。结果表明，香兰素能有效降低火龙果、樱桃番茄和香蕉的疾病指数和病变面积，且呈剂量依赖性。在体外，香兰素显著抑制尖孢镰刀菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长，并伴有相对电导率升高，核酸、可溶性蛋白和糖的泄漏。此外，香兰素处理破坏了细胞壁和细胞膜的完整性，通过扫描电镜和透射电镜观察证实了这些细胞结构的破坏。香兰素处理也会引发尖孢镰刀菌的氧化应激，其特征是MDA、H₂O₂和O₂•毒血症水平升高，并抑制抗氧化系统。转录组学分析显示，参与孢子发育（FoCDC5、FoBRLA、FoVEA、foep1和FoGPI7）、细胞壁生物合成（FoFKS1、FoGEL1、FoCHS2和FoCHS6）和细胞膜完整性（FoEGR5、FoEGR3、FoUPC2和FoTPS2）的基因显著下调。这些变化与尖孢镰刀菌孢子活力受损、细胞结构破坏和毒力降低一致。总的来说，这些发现表明香兰素通过多靶点的作用模式发挥其抗真菌活性，从而突出了其作为一种有前景的药物控制由尖孢镰刀菌引起的果实采后病害的巨大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-pathway antifungal mechanism of liquiritin against Fusarium sulphureum unlocks new green strategies for potato storage 甘草素对硫镰刀菌的多途径抗真菌机制为马铃薯保鲜开辟了新的绿色策略

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114151

Yaqin Tian , Yalan He , Ting Liu , Weixia Yang , Lichao Pan , Haiwei Ren , Tianyou Chen , Wenguang Fan

Dry rot caused by Fusarium sulphureum is one of the major postharvest diseases of potato tubers, often leading to substantial storage losses. In this study, the antifungal activity of the liquiritin against F. sulphureum was systematically evaluated both in vivo and in vitro, and its potential mode of action was preliminarily explored. Liquiritin (≥ 0.8 g L⁻¹) significantly reduced disease incidence and lesion expansion in inoculated tubers during 21 d of storage. In vitro assays revealed that liquiritin markedly inhibited mycelial growth, spore germination, biomass accumulation, and sporulation of F. sulphureum in a dose - dependent manner, with both the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration determined to be 1.6 g L⁻¹ . Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed that liquiritin treatment induced severe morphological alterations, including hyphal deformation, surface collapse, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and disruption of cell wall and plasma membrane structures. In the treated fungal cells, abnormal accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected, accompanied by elevated H₂O₂ and O₂⁻ levels and aggravated membrane lipid peroxidation. Transcriptomic analysis was performed based on whole - genome sequencing, revealing that liquiritin induced transcriptional changes in multiple pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione metabolism, MAPK signaling, and autophagy - related processes. These findings provide new evidence for the antifungal mode of action of liquiritin and support the potential application of flavonoid - derived compounds as environmentally friendly antifungal agents for the control of potato dry rot during storage.

由硫镰刀菌引起的干腐病是马铃薯块茎的主要采后病害之一，经常导致大量的贮藏损失。本研究系统评价了甘草素在体内和体外的抗真菌活性，并初步探讨了其潜在的作用方式。Liquiritin（≥0.8 g L⁻¹）在21 d的贮藏过程中显著降低了接种块茎的发病率和病变扩展。体外实验表明，甘草素能显著抑制真菌菌丝生长、孢子萌发、生物量积累和产孢，且呈剂量依赖性，最小抑菌浓度和最小杀菌浓度均为1.6 g L⁻¹ 。扫描电镜和透射电镜显示，甘草素处理引起了严重的形态学改变，包括菌丝变形、表面塌陷、细胞质空泡化、细胞壁和质膜结构破坏。在处理过的真菌细胞中，检测到活性氧（ROS）的异常积累，伴随着H₂O₂和O₂毒血症的升高和膜脂过氧化的加剧。转录组学分析基于全基因组测序，揭示了liquiritin诱导多种途径的转录变化，包括氧化磷酸化、谷胱甘肽代谢、MAPK信号传导和自噬相关过程。这些发现为甘草素的抗真菌作用方式提供了新的证据，支持了类黄酮衍生化合物作为环境友好型抗真菌剂在马铃薯贮藏干腐病防治中的潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0

Biocontrol efficacy and antagonistic mechanisms of Bacillus velezensis L271 against Garlic Fusarium Rot caused by Fusarium solani velezensis L271对番茄枯萎病引起的大蒜枯萎病的生物防治效果及拮抗机制

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114143

Shidong He , Dongliang Fang , Jinqi Wang , Liangshuai Fu , Junjie Liu , Yanbin Sun , Jinbiao Ma , Miao Zhou , Taotao Wang , Zheng Gao , Shuxin Zhang , Xiang Li

Fusarium solani is the primary pathogenic fungus causing postharvest Garlic Fusarium Rot (GFR), a disease that severely restricts the development of the garlic industry. This study confirmed that GFR not only induces browning and rot of garlic cloves, significantly reducing their commercial quality, but also poses a severe threat to food safety due to the toxic secondary metabolites produced by F. solani—specifically, neopatulin (with an 11.37-fold enrichment) and Monocillin I (with a 10.43-fold enrichment). To address this critical issue, we isolated and characterized a biocontrol strain (designated L271), which was identified as Bacillus velezensis. Both the strain and its cell-free supernatant (CFS) exhibit antifungal activity against a variety of pathogenic fungi, inhibiting the growth of 9 pathogenic fungal species in vitro. Specifically, strain L271 can effectively suppress the spore germination of F. solani and reduce the lesion diameter of GFR by 87.60 % in vivo. Additionally, the CFS of B. velezensis L271 significantly inhibits the growth of this pathogenic fungus. Fluorescence staining results showed that the CFS of B. velezensis L271 severely damages the cell membrane of F. solani and induces an intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst. In-depth analysis of the CFS components of B. velezensis L271 revealed that both its secreted proteins (SPs) and metabolites possess antifungal activity. Through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), gas chromatography × gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF-MS) metabolomic analysis, and combined with metabolite antagonism experiments, 4-Hydroxybenzonitrile, 2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, and 2-decanol were identified as the main antifungal substances produced by B. velezensis L271. These results suggest that B. velezensis L271 may have the potential to control postharvest garlic diseases. This study indicates that B. velezensis L271 is promising as a new biological agent for controlling F. solani in garlic and may help enhance our understanding of the biocontrol mechanisms of Bacillus strains.

番茄镰刀菌（Fusarium solani）是引起大蒜采后镰刀菌腐病（GFR）的主要病原菌，严重制约大蒜产业的发展。本研究证实，GFR不仅会导致大蒜的褐变和腐烂，显著降低大蒜的商品品质，而且还会产生有毒的次生代谢产物，特别是新葡霉素（富集11.37倍）和单西林I（富集10.43倍），对食品安全构成严重威胁。为了解决这一关键问题，我们分离并鉴定了一种生物防治菌株（命名为L271），鉴定为芽孢杆菌velezensis。该菌株及其无细胞上清液（CFS）对多种病原菌均表现出抗真菌活性，在体外抑制9种病原菌的生长。其中，菌株L271能有效抑制真菌孢子萌发，体内GFR病变直径降低87.60 %。此外，白僵菌L271的CFS显著抑制了该病原菌的生长。荧光染色结果显示，白僵菌L271的CFS对茄茄菌的细胞膜造成了严重的损伤，并引起细胞内活性氧（ROS）的爆发。深入分析白僵菌L271的CFS成分，发现其分泌蛋白（SPs）和代谢物均具有抗真菌活性。通过液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）、气相色谱- 气相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用（GC×GC-TOF-MS）代谢组学分析，结合代谢物拮抗实验，鉴定出4-羟基苯腈、2,3-二羟基苯甲酸和2-decanol是velezensis L271产生的主要抗真菌物质。这些结果表明，velezensis L271可能具有防治大蒜采后病害的潜力。本研究表明，B. velezensis L271是一种防治大蒜枯萎杆菌的新型生物制剂，有助于进一步了解芽孢杆菌菌株的生物防治机制。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanism of antifungal protein extracts from Bacillus mojavensis against Penicillium expansum and its application in controlling blue mold of apple 莫氏芽孢杆菌抗真菌蛋白提取物对膨胀青霉的作用机理及其在防治苹果蓝霉病中的应用

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114152

Yuan Wang , Jingxuan Zhang , Wei Wang , Fan Chen , Yunle Guo , Ming Yang , Jiaoyang Li , Xing Guo , Yahong Yuan , Kewei Feng , Tianli Yue

Penicillium expansum is a major cause of postharvest fruit diseases and patulin contamination, leading to substantial economic losses and health risks. In this study, an antifungal protein extracts (APE) with potent inhibitory activity against P. expansum was prepared from B. mojavensis fermentation broth. We further characterized APE’s composition, stability, and safety, clarified its antifungal mechanism, and evaluated its application in apple preservation. APE exhibited robust stability, retaining over 90 % of its antifungal activity after heat treatment (100 °C, 30 min) or proteolytic digestion (trypsin/pepsin). Meanwhile, it was stable accross a broad pH range (2−8), and displayed low hemolytic activity (<5 %). Furthermore, APE destroyed the cell wall and membrane of P. expansum, leading to leakage of nucleic acids and proteins, and increased alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity. Additionally, it elevated intracellular Ca²⁺ and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, while reducing Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity. Transcriptomic and metabolomic data revealved that APE significantly altered the levels of key metabolites and the expression of related gene in glycerolipid and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway of P. expansum. It also impaired downstream energy metabolism associated with glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway, demonstrating a multi-targeted inhibitory characteristic. Finally, APE reduced lesion diameter in apples by 32.8 %, and decreased the colony formation and patulin content of P. expansum by 23.07 % and 94.6 %, respectively, showing remarkable potential for mycotoxin control. These results confirm that APE is an effective antifungal agent against P. expansum. The present work laid a foundation for apple preservation and provided guidance for the subsequent development of high-efficiency postharvest antimicrobial molecules.

膨胀青霉是果实采后病害和展霉素污染的主要原因，造成巨大的经济损失和健康风险。本研究以mojavensis发酵液为原料，制备了具有较强抑菌活性的抗真菌蛋白提取物（APE）。我们进一步鉴定了APE的成分、稳定性和安全性，阐明了其抗真菌作用机制，并对其在苹果保鲜中的应用进行了评价。APE表现出强大的稳定性，在热处理（100°C, 30 min）或蛋白水解消化（胰蛋白酶/胃蛋白酶）后，其抗真菌活性保持了90% %以上。同时，它在较宽的pH范围内（2−8）是稳定的，并且表现出较低的溶血活性（<5 %）。此外，APE破坏了葡萄的细胞壁和细胞膜，导致核酸和蛋白质的泄漏，碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性升高。此外，它还能提高细胞内Ca 2 +和丙二醛（MDA）含量，降低Na +、K + - atp酶活性。转录组学和代谢组学数据显示，APE显著改变了甘油三酯和甘油磷脂代谢途径中关键代谢物的水平和相关基因的表达。它还破坏与糖酵解和戊糖磷酸途径相关的下游能量代谢，显示出多靶点抑制特征。结果表明，APE可使苹果病斑直径降低32.8% %，菌落形成和展曲素含量分别降低23.07 %和94.6 %，具有显著的霉菌毒素防治潜力。这些结果证实了APE是一种有效的抗真菌剂。本研究为苹果保鲜奠定了基础，为后续高效采后抗菌分子的开发提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

Preharvest L-Phenylalanine spraying improves storage quality of fresh-cut muskmelons by maintaining reactive oxygen species homeostasis 采前喷施l -苯丙氨酸可通过维持活性氧稳态改善鲜切甜瓜贮藏品质

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2026.114153

Zixuan Wang , Pengdong Xie , Yang Li , Botao Bai , Yi Wang , Yongcai Li , Dov Prusky , Yang Bi

Fresh-cut muskmelons have garnered significant attention due to the consumption trend of convenience and health, but they are prone to softening, browning and flavor deterioration, which limits their commercial value. L-Phenylalanine (L-Phe), the initial substrate for phenylpropane biosynthesis, is fundamentally important for plant stress resistance. This research investigated the impact of four consecutive (young fruit stage, early expansion stage, late expansion stage and mature stage) L-Phe spray throughout the melon fruit development phase on the postharvest quality of fresh-cut melons. The results indicated that L-Phe significantly increased the activities of NADPH oxidase (NOX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), enzymes related to the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle and the gene expression levels of aquaporins, it also promoted the accumulation of ascorbic acid (AsA), glutathione (GSH), total phenolics and flavonoids. This effectively eliminates excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduces the O₂^·- production rate and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels. Meanwhile, L-Phe treatment enhanced the scavenging activity against DPPH, ABTS⁺ and FRAP free radicals, suppressed the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced cell membrane permeability, ultimately delayed the decline in hardness and total soluble solids (TSS) content, stabilized color and mitigated quality deterioration during storage. In conclusion, preharvest spraying of L-Phe can effectively improve the quality of fresh-cut melons by maintaining the ROS homeostasis of fruit and enhancing their antioxidant capacity. This study presents a safe, low-cost and feasible new strategy for preserving the quality of fresh-cut fruit and vegetables.

鲜切甜瓜因方便健康的消费趋势而备受关注，但其易变软、褐变、风味变质，限制了其商业价值。l -苯丙氨酸（l -苯丙氨酸）是苯丙烷生物合成的初始底物，在植物抗逆性中起着至关重要的作用。本研究研究了在甜瓜果实发育阶段连续4次（幼果期、膨大前期、膨大后期和成熟期）喷施l -苯丙氨酸对鲜切甜瓜采后品质的影响。结果表明，L-Phe显著提高了NADPH氧化酶（NOX）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）、抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽（AsA-GSH）循环相关酶的活性和水通道蛋白基因表达水平，促进了抗坏血酸（AsA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）、总酚类物质和黄酮类物质的积累。这有效地消除了过多的活性氧（ROS），降低了O2·生成速率和过氧化氢（H2O2）水平。同时，L-Phe处理增强了对DPPH、ABTS +和FRAP自由基的清除能力，抑制了丙二醛（MDA）的积累，降低了细胞膜通透性，最终延缓了硬度和总可溶性固溶体（TSS）含量的下降，稳定了颜色，减轻了贮藏过程中品质的恶化。综上所述，采前喷施l -苯丙氨酸可通过维持果实活性氧稳态，增强果实抗氧化能力，有效改善鲜切甜瓜品质。本研究提出了一种安全、低成本、可行的保鲜果蔬新策略。

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引用次数: 0

DNP and ATP-induced the variation of respiration metabolism participate in the regulation of perishability in fresh longan incurred by Phomopsis longanae Chi DNP和atp诱导的呼吸代谢变化参与龙眼鲜鲜变质的调控

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114149

Shucheng Li , Yuzhao Lin , Wen Lin , Yifen Lin , Ruiling Zhuo , Yihui Chen , Mengshi Lin , Shiping Tian , Boqiang Li , Hetong Lin

This study elucidates the impacts of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) on the perishability of longan fruit infected with Phomopsis longanae Chi (P. longanae) through the modulation of respiratory metabolism. Compared with ‘Inoculation’ longans, ‘DNP + Inoculation’ samples exhibited accelerated fruit decay and inferior visual and edible quality, as evidenced by increased pericarp browning, pulp breakdown, titratable acidity, and reducing sugars, along with decreased commercial acceptability, sucrose, and total soluble sugar content. Additionally, this treatment elevated respiratory rates and levels of phosphoglucose isomerase, succinic dehydrogenase, cytochrome C oxidase, ascorbic acid oxidase, polyphenol oxidase, alternative oxidase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), reduced form of NAD, ubiquinone, and ubiquinol, but diminishing the values of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase + 6-phosphaogluconate dehydrogenase, NAD kinase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP), and reduced form of NADP. In contrast, ‘ATP + Inoculation’ samples showed opposite trends. Collectively, these findings suggest that DNP treatment accelerated quality decline and fruit decay in longans infected by P. longanae infection through strengthening the embden-meyerhof-parnas, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and cytochrome pathway activities while inhibiting pentose phosphate pathway. Conversely, ATP treatment inhibited these processes, thereby mitigating pathogen-induced quality decline and fruit decay.

研究了2,4-二硝基酚（DNP）和三磷酸腺苷（ATP）通过调节呼吸代谢对龙眼果实腐烂性的影响。与“接种”龙眼相比，“DNP + 接种”龙眼的果实腐烂速度加快，视觉和食用质量较差，果皮褐变、果肉破裂、可滴定酸度和还原糖增加，商业可接受度、蔗糖和总可溶性糖含量降低。此外，这种治疗提高了呼吸速率和磷酸葡萄糖异构酶、琥珀酸脱氢酶、细胞色素C氧化酶、抗坏血酸氧化酶、多酚氧化酶、替代氧化酶、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）、NAD的还原形式、泛醌和泛醇的水平，但降低了葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶+ 6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶、NAD激酶、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADP）和NADP的还原形式的值。相反，“ATP + 接种”样品显示相反的趋势。综上所提，DNP处理通过抑制戊糖磷酸途径，增强embdenh - meyerhoff -parnas、三羧酸循环和细胞色素途径活性，加速了龙眼品质下降和果实腐烂。相反，ATP处理抑制了这些过程，从而减轻了病原体引起的品质下降和果实腐烂。

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引用次数: 0

Treatment of Kiwifruit with Bacillus subtilis LS11 postharvest mitigates disease occurrence and alters its microbiome 采后用枯草芽孢杆菌LS11处理猕猴桃可减轻病害发生并改变其微生物组

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114144

Huiyun Song , Zhihao Duan , Jian Yang , BeiBei Liang , Honghui Shi , Xiaoling Wang , Zhu Gao , Liuyi Pan , Jipeng Mao , Xuchen Gong , Dongliang Yao , Mengfei Lin

Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) is highly susceptible to postharvest fungal decay, resulting in substantial yield losses. Traditional chemical fungicides pose risks of residues and pathogen resistance, urgent need for green biocontrol alternatives. This study innovatively integrates whole-genome sequencing, high-throughput ITS sequencing, and untargeted metabolomics to systematically evaluate the biocontrol efficacy of Bacillus subtilis LS11 against kiwifruit postharvest diseases and its mechanisms. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed LS11 as a B. subtilis strain. In vitro, its fermentation broth exhibited inhibitory effects against five major pathogens, with the inhibition rates ranging from 64.77 % to 90.99 %. In vivo, LS11（1.0 × 10⁸ CFU/mL）reduced natural decay incidence by 45.9 % at 10 d of storage at 20℃, maintaining fruit firmness, titratable acid and ascorbic acid contents. Key innovations: LS11 reduced exogenous pathogenic fungi (Diaporthe, Fusarium) while enhancing endogenous fungal diversity (differential taxa identified by LefSe); 26 high-abundance antimicrobial metabolites (natamycin, surfactin) were detected. This study first clarifies LS11’s triple mechanisms: direct pathogen inhibition, fungal community modulation, and antimicrobial metabolite secretion. It provides a promising eco-friendly agent and theoretical basis for kiwifruit postharvest preservation.

猕猴桃（Actinidia chinensis）对采后真菌腐烂非常敏感，导致大量产量损失。传统的化学杀菌剂存在残留和病原菌抗性的风险，迫切需要绿色生物防治替代品。本研究创新性地将全基因组测序、高通量ITS测序和非靶向代谢组学相结合，系统评价枯草芽孢杆菌LS11对猕猴桃采后病害的生物防治效果及其机制。全基因组测序证实LS11为枯草芽孢杆菌菌株。在体外，其发酵液对5种主要病原菌均有抑制作用，抑制率为64.77 % ~ 90.99 %。在体内，LS11（1.0 × 10⁸CFU/mL）在20℃下储存10 d时，降低了45.9% %的自然腐烂率，保持了果实硬度、可滴定酸和抗坏血酸的含量。主要创新成果：LS11减少了外源致病真菌（Diaporthe, Fusarium），增加了内源真菌多样性（由LefSe鉴定的不同分类群）；检测出26种高丰度抗菌代谢物（纳他霉素、表面素）。本研究首次阐明了LS11的三重机制：直接病原菌抑制、真菌群落调节和抗菌代谢物分泌。为猕猴桃采后保鲜提供了良好的生态友好剂和理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Calmodulin-like protein CpCML46 interacts with transcription factor CpERF12 to regulate papaya fruit ripening 钙调素样蛋白CpCML46与转录因子CpERF12相互作用调控木瓜果实成熟

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114146

Qiunan Zhu , Xinmiao Kang , Keyuan Zhang , Faiz Ur Rahman , Xiangting Wang , Yankai Huang , Ruyi Luo , Hongtao Lei , Weixin Chen , Xueping Li , Xiaoyang Zhu

Calmodulin-like protein (CML) is one of calcium sensor proteins that are responsible for receiving, translating and transmitting calcium signaling to downstream targets. In this research, it was observed that CpCML46 exhibits an expression profile strongly associated with papaya fruit ripening. The transient overexpression and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assays demonstrated that CpCML46 acts as a positive player in enhancing papaya fruit ripening. The heterologous overexpression of CpCML46 in tomato also promotes the ripening of fruits and promotes the transcription of ripening-associated genes. CpCML46 interacts with the transcription factor CpERF12, which acts as a transcriptional suppressor, with its expression level progressively declining during fruit ripening. Ethephon (ETH) treatment inhibits its expression while 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment promotes it. CpERF12 binds to and inhibits the promoter activities of the ethylene signal transduction-related gene CpETR2-like, and the cell wall degradation and remodeling-related genes CpPE, CpPE12 and CpEXPA11. The interaction of CpCML46 and CpERF12 reduced the inhibitory effect of CpERF12 on downstream target genes. Transient overexpression of CpERF12 inhibited the ripening process of papaya fruits, repressed the expression of CpETR2-like, CpPE, CpPE12 and CpEXPA11. The present work reveals that CpCML46 not function as canonical calcium sensor, but interact with CpERF12 to form a CpCML46-CpERF12 regulator module, involved in the ethylene signal to mediate papaya fruit ripening.

钙调素样蛋白（Calmodulin-like protein， CML）是一种钙传感器蛋白，负责钙信号的接收、翻译和传递。在本研究中，我们观察到CpCML46的表达谱与木瓜果实成熟密切相关。瞬时过表达和病毒诱导基因沉默（VIGS）实验表明，CpCML46在促进木瓜果实成熟中起积极作用。CpCML46在番茄中的异源过表达也促进了果实的成熟，促进了成熟相关基因的转录。CpCML46与转录抑制因子CpERF12相互作用，其表达水平在果实成熟过程中逐渐下降。乙烯利（ETH）抑制其表达，而1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）促进其表达。CpERF12结合并抑制乙烯信号转导相关基因CpETR2-like和细胞壁降解和重塑相关基因CpPE、CpPE12和CpEXPA11的启动子活性。CpCML46和CpERF12的相互作用降低了CpERF12对下游靶基因的抑制作用。CpERF12的过表达抑制了木瓜果实的成熟过程，抑制了cpetr2样蛋白、CpPE、CpPE12和CpEXPA11的表达。本研究表明，CpCML46不是典型的钙传感器，而是与CpERF12相互作用形成CpCML46-CpERF12调控模块，参与乙烯信号介导木瓜果实成熟。

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引用次数: 0

Fusaricidins from Paenibacillus polymyxa ZJU11 mediate the biological control of postharvest mango anthracnose 多粘类芽孢杆菌ZJU11的镰刀菌素介导芒果采后炭疽病的生物防治

IF 6.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Postharvest Biology and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114148

Cui Sun , Yihan Wang , Yihu Pi , Jinping Cao , Yue Wang , Chaoyi Hu , Chongde Sun

Mango fruits are highly susceptible to infection by Colletotrichum species, leading to the severe economic losses. In this study, an antagonist of Paenibacillus polymyxa ZJU11 with strong biocontrol activity was identified and its antifungal mechanisms were investigated. P. polymyxa ZJU11 effectively suppressed the growth of pathogens of mango fruit in vitro and in vivo. The whole genome sequencing and LC-MS/MS results revealed that the active component in P. polymyxa ZJU11 exerting antifungal activity was Fusaricidin A, B, C and D. The cell membrane integrity of pathogens was demonstrated to be damaged after Fusaricidin extract treatment by PI staining, SEM and TEM observation. Additionally, transcriptomic analysis indicated Fusaricidin extract upregulated the gene expression in cell cycle, MAPK signaling pathway, and autophagy in C. asianum HIN6, induced cell death. This study provides a promising and suitable biocontrol agent to protect the postharvest mango fruit from fungal infection.

芒果果实极易受到炭疽病菌的侵染，造成严重的经济损失。本研究鉴定了一种具有较强生物防治活性的多粘类芽孢杆菌拮抗剂ZJU11，并对其抑菌机制进行了探讨。P. polymyxa ZJU11在体内外均能有效抑制芒果果实病原菌的生长。全基因组测序和LC-MS/MS结果显示，多粘菌ZJU11中发挥抗真菌活性的活性成分为Fusaricidin A、B、C和d。PI染色、SEM和TEM观察表明，Fusaricidin提取物处理后，病原菌细胞膜完整性被破坏。此外，转录组学分析表明，Fusaricidin提取物上调亚洲镰刀菌HIN6细胞周期、MAPK信号通路和自噬基因的表达，诱导细胞死亡。本研究为芒果果实采后真菌侵染提供了一种有前景的生物防治剂。

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引用次数: 0