Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113300
Xianzhu Deng , Yingying Wei , Yi Chen , Phebe Ding , Feng Xu , Xingfeng Shao
In order to explore the key factors involved in the regulation of chilling injury formation in carbohydrate metabolism of peach fruit, we systematically analyzed the response of peach fruit to cold stress from physiological and transcriptomic perspectives. Cold stress in peach elevated malondialdehyde, impaired membranes, reduced sucrose via invertase-mediated hydrolysis to fructose/glucose, and may activate pentose phosphate pathway while inhibiting glycolysis pathways for metabolic maintenance and energy conservation, as suggested by phosphofructokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity shifts. Transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed a series of genes respond to low-temperature stress in starch and sucrose metabolism pathway, including vacuolar invertases gene (PpVIN), hexokinase gene (PpHXK), trehalose-phosphate synthase gene (PpTPS), trehalose-phosphate phosphatase gene (PpTPP), and fructokinase gene (PpFRK), of these hub genes have been reported to resist to cold stress. In addition, by constructing co-expression network, several transcription factors (TFs) were involved in regulating hub genes related to carbohydrate metabolism in peach fruit, such as ZAT12, bZIP23, bZIP53, CBF5, and others. These TFs may serve as key regulators of the transcriptional network, modulating gene expression related to carbohydrate metabolism in response to cold stress.
{"title":"Gene co-expression network analysis of the transcriptome identifies cold-resistant hub genes related to carbohydrate metabolism in peach fruit","authors":"Xianzhu Deng , Yingying Wei , Yi Chen , Phebe Ding , Feng Xu , Xingfeng Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to explore the key factors involved in the regulation of chilling injury formation in carbohydrate metabolism of peach fruit, we systematically analyzed the response of peach fruit to cold stress from physiological and transcriptomic perspectives. Cold stress in peach elevated malondialdehyde, impaired membranes, reduced sucrose via invertase-mediated hydrolysis to fructose/glucose, and may activate pentose phosphate pathway while inhibiting glycolysis pathways for metabolic maintenance and energy conservation, as suggested by phosphofructokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity shifts. Transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed a series of genes respond to low-temperature stress in starch and sucrose metabolism pathway, including vacuolar invertases gene (<em>PpVIN</em>), hexokinase gene (<em>PpHXK</em>), trehalose-phosphate synthase gene (<em>PpTPS</em>), trehalose-phosphate phosphatase gene (<em>PpTPP</em>)<em>,</em> and fructokinase gene (<em>PpFRK</em>), of these hub genes have been reported to resist to cold stress. In addition, by constructing co-expression network, several transcription factors (TFs) were involved in regulating hub genes related to carbohydrate metabolism in peach fruit, such as ZAT12, bZIP23, bZIP53, CBF5, and others. These TFs may serve as key regulators of the transcriptional network, modulating gene expression related to carbohydrate metabolism in response to cold stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 113300"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study addresses the challenges in nondestructive identifying diseases, particularly water-soaked and reddish-pulp disorders, in peaches during storage and transport. Existing technologies have struggled to detect these diseases during this period, leading to potential food loss and consumer distrust. Biospeckle has emerged as a promising discriminator of the internal state of the fruit by utilizing laser-induced scattered light patterns. Pigment interference is minimized by employing lasers with wavelengths of 532 and 650 nm. This study focuses on the ability of biospeckle to distinguish between healthy and diseased fruit based on characteristic values, specifically the Fujii index and cumulative amplitude (Cum. amp.) at 2–3, 3–4, 4–5, and 6–7 Hz. The t-test results demonstrated significant differences in these values, particularly for water-soaked and reddish-pulp disorders. Biospeckle outperforms other non-destructive methods by identifying the symptoms pre-storage. These results indicate that Cum. amp. at 3–4, 4–5, and 6–7 Hz may be more useful in identifying water-soaked fruit than the Fujii index and Cum. amp. at 2–3 Hz. Red lasers are more effective in detecting reddish-pulp disorders than green lasers, which are hindered by pigment absorption. This finding highlights the potential of biospeckle in precise symptom identification, which is crucial for ensuring food quality and consumer confidence.
{"title":"Detecting water-soaked disorder and reddish-pulp disorder in peach fruit using bio-speckle","authors":"Sae Tashiro , Akane Yoshimura , Takuya Hashimoto , Fumina Tanaka , Piotr Mariusz Pieczywek , Artur Zdunek , Fumihiko Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the challenges in nondestructive identifying diseases, particularly water-soaked and reddish-pulp disorders, in peaches during storage and transport. Existing technologies have struggled to detect these diseases during this period, leading to potential food loss and consumer distrust. Biospeckle has emerged as a promising discriminator of the internal state of the fruit by utilizing laser-induced scattered light patterns. Pigment interference is minimized by employing lasers with wavelengths of 532 and 650 nm. This study focuses on the ability of biospeckle to distinguish between healthy and diseased fruit based on characteristic values, specifically the Fujii index and cumulative amplitude (Cum. amp.) at 2–3, 3–4, 4–5, and 6–7 Hz. The <em>t</em>-test results demonstrated significant differences in these values, particularly for water-soaked and reddish-pulp disorders. Biospeckle outperforms other non-destructive methods by identifying the symptoms pre-storage. These results indicate that Cum. amp. at 3–4, 4–5, and 6–7 Hz may be more useful in identifying water-soaked fruit than the Fujii index and Cum. amp. at 2–3 Hz. Red lasers are more effective in detecting reddish-pulp disorders than green lasers, which are hindered by pigment absorption. This finding highlights the potential of biospeckle in precise symptom identification, which is crucial for ensuring food quality and consumer confidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 113297"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113306
Wenhui Li, Mei Dai, Xiaorui Wang, Yingying Shi, Zhimin Wang, Dapeng Li, Jingying Shi, Zunyang Song
Peach fruit is susceptible to infection of Monilinia fructicola leading to brown rot. Our previous study demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) enhanced fruit resistance to M. fructicola by mediating the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt. Herein, two genes, PpWRKY22 and PpWRKY70, were identified whose expression was closely associated with the resistance of peach fruit against M. fructicola and induced by NO treatment. Notably, PpWRKY22 and PpWRKY70 activate the transcription of three GABA shunt-related genes (PpSSADH, PpGABA-T and PpGAD4) by directly binding to their promoters. Protein interaction assays revealed that PpWRKY22 interacts with PpWRKY70, and their protein complex enhances the promoter activities of PpSSADH, PpGABA-T and PpGAD4. Additionally, transient overexpression of PpWRKY22 and PpWRKY70 in peach fruit increases resistance to M. fructicola via up-regulating the transcription level of PpSSADH, PpGABA-T and PpGAD4. Overall, this study uncovers a novel model in which the interaction between PpWRKYs proteins actively enhances peach fruit resistance to M. fructicola by promoting the expression of GABA shunt-related genes.
{"title":"The PpWRKY22-PpWRKY70 regulatory module enhances resistance to Monilinia fructicola by regulating the gamma-aminobutyric acid shunt in peach fruit","authors":"Wenhui Li, Mei Dai, Xiaorui Wang, Yingying Shi, Zhimin Wang, Dapeng Li, Jingying Shi, Zunyang Song","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peach fruit is susceptible to infection of <em>Monilinia fructicola</em> leading to brown rot. Our previous study demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) enhanced fruit resistance to <em>M. fructicola</em> by mediating the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) shunt. Herein, two genes, <em>PpWRKY22</em> and <em>PpWRKY70</em>, were identified whose expression was closely associated with the resistance of peach fruit against <em>M. fructicola</em> and induced by NO treatment. Notably, PpWRKY22 and PpWRKY70 activate the transcription of three GABA shunt-related genes (<em>PpSSADH</em>, <em>PpGABA-T</em> and <em>PpGAD4</em>) by directly binding to their promoters. Protein interaction assays revealed that PpWRKY22 interacts with PpWRKY70, and their protein complex enhances the promoter activities of <em>PpSSADH</em>, <em>PpGABA-T</em> and <em>PpGAD4</em>. Additionally, transient overexpression of <em>PpWRKY22</em> and <em>PpWRKY70</em> in peach fruit increases resistance to <em>M. fructicola</em> via up-regulating the transcription level of <em>PpSSADH</em>, <em>PpGABA-T</em> and <em>PpGAD4</em>. Overall, this study uncovers a novel model in which the interaction between PpWRKYs proteins actively enhances peach fruit resistance to <em>M. fructicola</em> by promoting the expression of GABA shunt-related genes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 113306"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Strawberry exhibits a very short shelf life due to its rapid softening and decay, resulting in postharvest loss. Our previous study showed that AOS, an eco-friendly nontoxic natural product, plays a role in preserving the freshness of strawberries by regulating ABA content and its signaling pathway. Considering the critical role that energy deficit plays in the senescence process of fruits, coupled with the potential influence of plant hormones on energy metabolism. In this study, the molecular mechanism of strawberry postharvest senescence in response to AOS treatment was further explored from the perspective of energy metabolism regulation. This was achieved through a two-layered approach, integrating the direct determination of energy-related substances with a comprehensive joint analysis of transcriptome and proteome data. AOS treatment significantly delayed the loss of ATP, ADP, and AMP contents compared to control fruit, implying that maintaining cell energy is a crucial factor in AOS postponing senescence in strawberry. Subsequently, the mechanisms were further revealed by transcriptome and proteome analysis. Overall, 255 DEGs were screened from the AOS group, mainly related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism, defense, plant hormone, and secondary metabolism. Additionally, A total of 227 proteins were identified that were differentially expressed in the AOS group, and the majority were related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism (85 proteins). Two omics data implied that AOS could effectively regulate the energy metabolism system to maintain the cellular energy level of harvested strawberry during storage, ultimately leading to longer shelf life. Therefore, our findings provide comprehensive information regarding the molecular mechanism underlying the postharvest storage of strawberry treated with AOS. From our results, it can be concluded that AOS postharvest treatment is very useful for keeping fruit quality and extending shelf life by maintaining a higher energy level.
草莓的保质期很短，这是因为草莓会迅速软化和腐烂，造成采后损失。我们之前的研究表明，AOS 是一种环保无毒的天然产品，它通过调节 ABA 含量及其信号通路在草莓保鲜过程中发挥作用。考虑到能量不足在水果衰老过程中的关键作用，以及植物激素对能量代谢的潜在影响。本研究从能量代谢调控的角度进一步探讨了草莓采后衰老响应 AOS 处理的分子机制。该研究采用双层方法，将能量相关物质的直接测定与转录组和蛋白质组数据的综合联合分析相结合。与对照果实相比，AOS 处理明显延缓了 ATP、ADP 和 AMP 含量的损失，这意味着维持细胞能量是 AOS 延缓草莓衰老的关键因素。随后，转录组和蛋白质组分析进一步揭示了这一机制。总共从 AOS 组中筛选出 255 个 DEGs，主要与碳水化合物和能量代谢、防御、植物激素和次生代谢有关。此外，共发现 227 个蛋白质在 AOS 组中有差异表达，其中大部分与碳水化合物和能量代谢有关（85 个蛋白质）。两个全微观数据表明，AOS 能有效调节能量代谢系统，以维持采收草莓在贮藏期间的细胞能量水平，最终延长其保质期。因此，我们的研究结果为草莓采后贮藏的分子机制提供了全面的信息。根据我们的研究结果，可以得出结论：AOS 的采后处理对保持果实品质和延长货架期非常有用，因为它能维持较高的能量水平。
{"title":"A combined analysis of transcriptome and proteome reveals the regulation mechanism of alginate oligosaccharides on alleviating energy deficit in postharvest strawberry","authors":"Wenxia Wang , Santosh Kumar Bose , Xiaochen Jia , Prianka Howlader , Heng Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strawberry exhibits a very short shelf life due to its rapid softening and decay, resulting in postharvest loss. Our previous study showed that AOS, an eco-friendly nontoxic natural product, plays a role in preserving the freshness of strawberries by regulating ABA content and its signaling pathway. Considering the critical role that energy deficit plays in the senescence process of fruits, coupled with the potential influence of plant hormones on energy metabolism. In this study, the molecular mechanism of strawberry postharvest senescence in response to AOS treatment was further explored from the perspective of energy metabolism regulation. This was achieved through a two-layered approach, integrating the direct determination of energy-related substances with a comprehensive joint analysis of transcriptome and proteome data. AOS treatment significantly delayed the loss of ATP, ADP, and AMP contents compared to control fruit, implying that maintaining cell energy is a crucial factor in AOS postponing senescence in strawberry. Subsequently, the mechanisms were further revealed by transcriptome and proteome analysis. Overall, 255 DEGs were screened from the AOS group, mainly related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism, defense, plant hormone, and secondary metabolism. Additionally, A total of 227 proteins were identified that were differentially expressed in the AOS group, and the majority were related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism (85 proteins). Two omics data implied that AOS could effectively regulate the energy metabolism system to maintain the cellular energy level of harvested strawberry during storage, ultimately leading to longer shelf life. Therefore, our findings provide comprehensive information regarding the molecular mechanism underlying the postharvest storage of strawberry treated with AOS. From our results, it can be concluded that AOS postharvest treatment is very useful for keeping fruit quality and extending shelf life by maintaining a higher energy level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 113302"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113301
Burak E. Algul , Yosef Al Shoffe , DoSu Park , Lailiang Cheng , Christopher B. Watkins
Recent studies have found that dissipation of watercore in apple fruit after harvest can be enhanced by preharvest application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). In this study, the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on watercore dissipation have been extended to the use of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and the effects of storage at 3 °C, 10 °C, and 20 °C over 30 d. Preharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) treatments were applied one week before harvest to 'NY2' (RubyFrost®), a cultivar that is prone to development of a stress-associated type of watercore during fruit maturation. Fruit were harvested twice (H1 and H2), 11 d apart. 1-MCP and AVG treatments had more pronounced effects on maturity at H2, with higher IAD values and flesh firmness, respectively, compared with those of fruit harvested at H1. During storage, 1-MCP and AVG treated fruit had lower ethylene production and respiration rates than untreated fruit at H1, but ethylene production in 1-MCP treated fruit increased on day 17 at H2, reaching levels similar to untreated fruit, while remaining low in AVG-treated fruit. IECs were lower in fruit stored at 3 °C than at 10 °C or 20 C. Both treatments maintained low IECs, but more persistently in AVG-treated fruit. Flesh firmness and titratable acidity were higher, and greasiness was lower, in AVG and 1-MCP treated fruit compared with untreated fruit. The PGR treatments had no effect on watercore incidence at H1 as incidence was low in all treated fruit. At H2, 1-MCP reduced watercore incidence at harvest compared with untreated and AVG-treated fruit, which had similar incidences. Watercore dissipation was enhanced by AVG, being more rapid with higher storage temperature. The mechanism by which PGRs can increase watercore dissipation is unknown, but they might alter sorbitol transporter activity and/or cell membrane stability for sorbitol uptake from the intercellular space into the parenchyma cells. Nevertheless, the use of PGRs may be a useful way to decrease the incidences of flesh browning disorders associated with high watercore incidence in fruit at the time of harvest.
{"title":"Preharvest 1-methylcyclopropene and aminoethoxyvinylglycine treatment effects on ‘NY2’ (RubyFrost®) apple fruit quality and postharvest watercore dissipation at different temperatures","authors":"Burak E. Algul , Yosef Al Shoffe , DoSu Park , Lailiang Cheng , Christopher B. Watkins","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent studies have found that dissipation of watercore in apple fruit after harvest can be enhanced by preharvest application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). In this study, the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on watercore dissipation have been extended to the use of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) and the effects of storage at 3 °C, 10 °C, and 20 °C over 30 d. Preharvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) treatments were applied one week before harvest to 'NY2' (RubyFrost®), a cultivar that is prone to development of a stress-associated type of watercore during fruit maturation. Fruit were harvested twice (H1 and H2), 11 d apart. 1-MCP and AVG treatments had more pronounced effects on maturity at H2, with higher I<sub>AD</sub> values and flesh firmness, respectively, compared with those of fruit harvested at H1. During storage, 1-MCP and AVG treated fruit had lower ethylene production and respiration rates than untreated fruit at H1, but ethylene production in 1-MCP treated fruit increased on day 17 at H2, reaching levels similar to untreated fruit, while remaining low in AVG-treated fruit. IECs were lower in fruit stored at 3 °C than at 10 °C or 20 C. Both treatments maintained low IECs, but more persistently in AVG-treated fruit. Flesh firmness and titratable acidity were higher, and greasiness was lower, in AVG and 1-MCP treated fruit compared with untreated fruit. The PGR treatments had no effect on watercore incidence at H1 as incidence was low in all treated fruit. At H2, 1-MCP reduced watercore incidence at harvest compared with untreated and AVG-treated fruit, which had similar incidences. Watercore dissipation was enhanced by AVG, being more rapid with higher storage temperature. The mechanism by which PGRs can increase watercore dissipation is unknown, but they might alter sorbitol transporter activity and/or cell membrane stability for sorbitol uptake from the intercellular space into the parenchyma cells. Nevertheless, the use of PGRs may be a useful way to decrease the incidences of flesh browning disorders associated with high watercore incidence in fruit at the time of harvest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 113301"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mature plum fruit (Prunus salicina cv. Taoxingli) exhibits an attractive red appearance and significant nutritional value due to anthocyanin accumulation. Some ‘Taoxingli’ plums are harvested before reaching full ripeness to prevent fruit cracking caused by hot and rainy weather. At this stage, plum fruit has not reached its optimal quality. In this study, methyl salicylate (MeSA) treatment promoted anthocyanin accumulation in earlier-harvested ‘Taoxingli’ plum fruit during postharvest. Transcriptomic techniques were employed to unravel the regulatory mechanisms. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was constructed based on RNA-seq data, and 22 co-expression modules were constructed. In the specific module, seven synthetic genes were identified. Thus, a transcription factor (TF)-target gene regulatory network related to anthocyanin biosynthesis was built. Yeast one-hybrid assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) indicated that PsERF3 could directly bind to the promoter of PsANS via RAA motif. Transient over-expression of PsERF3 accelerated anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple through inducing structural genes expression. This work offers fresh perspectives on the regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Taoxingli’ plum fruit.
{"title":"Transcriptomics analysis reveals the regulatory role of PsERF3 in anthocyanin biosynthesis of ‘Taoxingli’ plum fruit in response to MeSA treatment","authors":"Lichuan Lou, Xiaoli Hu, Jiao Cheng, Yuan Cheng, Mengyao Yin, Chen Huan, Xiaolin Zheng, Shuling Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mature plum fruit (<em>Prunus salicina</em> cv. Taoxingli) exhibits an attractive red appearance and significant nutritional value due to anthocyanin accumulation. Some ‘Taoxingli’ plums are harvested before reaching full ripeness to prevent fruit cracking caused by hot and rainy weather. At this stage, plum fruit has not reached its optimal quality. In this study, methyl salicylate (MeSA) treatment promoted anthocyanin accumulation in earlier-harvested ‘Taoxingli’ plum fruit during postharvest. Transcriptomic techniques were employed to unravel the regulatory mechanisms. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was constructed based on RNA-seq data, and 22 co-expression modules were constructed. In the specific module, seven synthetic genes were identified. Thus, a transcription factor (TF)-target gene regulatory network related to anthocyanin biosynthesis was built. Yeast one-hybrid assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) indicated that PsERF3 could directly bind to the promoter of <em>PsANS</em> via RAA motif. Transient over-expression of PsERF3 accelerated anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple through inducing structural genes expression. This work offers fresh perspectives on the regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Taoxingli’ plum fruit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"220 ","pages":"Article 113298"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113290
Zhengli Wang , Shanshan Hao , Huihui Xu, Nana Ji, Yanyin Guo, Muhammad Asim
Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is an effective method to preserve fruit and vegetables. However, pathogen inhibition can be challenging due to their adaptive capacity. This study used combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses to elucidate the adaptive mechanism of Penicillium digitatum (P. digitatum) under MAP-simulated gas stress based on its carbohydrates and energy metabolism. The colony diameter of P. digitatum in the MAP treatment was comparable to that in the Air treatment and significantly larger than that in the controlled atmosphere (CA) treatment. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that MAP treatment facilitated the degradation of 1,3-β glucan, glycogen, and sucrose to glucose, ensuring a sustained glucose supply for the glycolysis (EMP) and pentose phosphate (PP) pathways. Upregulation of related genes in the MAP treatment accelerated the EMP and PP pathways and promoted oxidative glucose degradation. MAP-simulated gas stress augmented P. digitatum’s adaptive response by promoting the EMP, alcoholic fermentation, PP, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathways and increasing energy production. Based on reverse thinking, this study suggests a potential control strategy for P. digitatum contamination during MAP storage of fruit and vegetables.
{"title":"Transcriptomics and metabolomics profiling revealed the adaptive mechanism of Penicillium digitatum under modified atmosphere packaging-simulated gas stress","authors":"Zhengli Wang , Shanshan Hao , Huihui Xu, Nana Ji, Yanyin Guo, Muhammad Asim","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is an effective method to preserve fruit and vegetables. However, pathogen inhibition can be challenging due to their adaptive capacity. This study used combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses to elucidate the adaptive mechanism of <em>Penicillium digitatum</em> (<em>P. digitatum</em>) under MAP-simulated gas stress based on its carbohydrates and energy metabolism. The colony diameter of <em>P. digitatum</em> in the MAP treatment was comparable to that in the Air treatment and significantly larger than that in the controlled atmosphere (CA) treatment. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed that MAP treatment facilitated the degradation of 1,3-β glucan, glycogen, and sucrose to glucose, ensuring a sustained glucose supply for the glycolysis (EMP) and pentose phosphate (PP) pathways. Upregulation of related genes in the MAP treatment accelerated the EMP and PP pathways and promoted oxidative glucose degradation. MAP-simulated gas stress augmented <em>P. digitatum</em>’s adaptive response by promoting the EMP, alcoholic fermentation, PP, tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathways and increasing energy production. Based on reverse thinking, this study suggests a potential control strategy for <em>P. digitatum</em> contamination during MAP storage of fruit and vegetables.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 113290"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113294
Kuo Meng , Jialin Chen , Xuan Zhang , Wenqing Gou , Hao Tian , Haiyan Jiang , Lili Deng , Wenjun Wang , Kaifang Zeng
Pseudomonas-induced browning is a primary factor in postharvest discoloration of Agaricus bisporus (A. bisporus). However, the physiological alterations ensuing Pseudomonas infestation in A. bisporus remain largely unexplored. This study affirmed Pseudomonas B2’s role in causing severe brown spots in A. bisporus. The infestation accelerates tissue browning through heightened phenylalanine aminolyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and tyrosinase (TYR) activities involved in phenolic, flavonoid, and enzymatic reactions. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed changes in amino acid biosynthesis, tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism affecting gene transcription for specific metabolites. The AbPPO1 and AbPPO2 in the tyrosine metabolism pathway are key genes in the development of browning. Nineteen transcription factors closely associated with regulating diseases in Pseudomonas B2-infested mushrooms were identified.
{"title":"Transcriptome-associated metabolomics revealed the regulatory mechanism of Pseudomonas B2 infestation leading to brown spot disease of Agaricus bisporus","authors":"Kuo Meng , Jialin Chen , Xuan Zhang , Wenqing Gou , Hao Tian , Haiyan Jiang , Lili Deng , Wenjun Wang , Kaifang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pseudomonas</em>-induced browning is a primary factor in postharvest discoloration of <em>Agaricus bisporus</em> (<em>A. bisporus</em>). However, the physiological alterations ensuing <em>Pseudomonas</em> infestation in <em>A. bisporus</em> remain largely unexplored. This study affirmed <em>Pseudomonas</em> B2’s role in causing severe brown spots in <em>A. bisporus</em>. The infestation accelerates tissue browning through heightened phenylalanine aminolyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and tyrosinase (TYR) activities involved in phenolic, flavonoid, and enzymatic reactions. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed changes in amino acid biosynthesis, tryptophan and tyrosine metabolism affecting gene transcription for specific metabolites. The <em>AbPPO1</em> and <em>AbPPO2</em> in the tyrosine metabolism pathway are key genes in the development of browning. Nineteen transcription factors closely associated with regulating diseases in <em>Pseudomona</em>s B2-infested mushrooms were identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 113294"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-02DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113292
Melissa Muñoz , Logan E. Behnke , William C. Bridges , Guido Schnabel , James E. Faust
Botrytis blight in cut-flower roses is a devastating disease caused by Botrytis cinerea. Calcium (Ca) applications have shown great potential as alternative disease management strategies for different crops. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of preharvest calcium sprays and postharvest calcium dips on rose flower susceptibility to Botrytis blight, petal tissue calcium concentration, and petal strength. Calcium chloride spray applications (0, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg.L−1of Ca) during greenhouse production and postharvest calcium chloride dips (0, 1000, and 2000 mg.L−1 of Ca) were evaluated and compared with commercial controls, including hydrogen peroxide, captan, and pydiflumethophen + fludioxonil. Calcium chloride sprays during production reduced Botrytis blight severity at 500 and 1000 mg.L−1 of Ca; however, no concentration of calcium chloride spray solution increased calcium in the petal tissue. Postharvest calcium chloride dip applications at 1000 and 2000 mg.L−1 of Ca effectively reduced Botrytis blight compared to the untreated control. Calcium chloride dip applications at 2000 mg.L−1 of Ca were effective for increasing the calcium concentration in the epidermis and mesophyll of the petal tissue in comparison to the 0 mg.L−1 treatment and resulted in increased petal strength and reduced Botrytis severity in comparison to captan and hydrogen peroxide treatments. These results show that postharvest calcium chloride dip applications are more effective than spray applications during production in improving calcium concentration and petal strength on roses and result in a reduction of Botrytis blight severity greater than captan and hydrogen peroxide commercial treatments. This underscores the importance of calcium chloride applications as an alternative management approach for Botrytis blight on roses.
{"title":"Postharvest calcium chloride dips. An effective strategy to reduce Botrytis blight severity and increase petal strength in cut roses.","authors":"Melissa Muñoz , Logan E. Behnke , William C. Bridges , Guido Schnabel , James E. Faust","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Botrytis blight in cut-flower roses is a devastating disease caused by <em>Botrytis cinerea.</em> Calcium (Ca) applications have shown great potential as alternative disease management strategies for different crops. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of preharvest calcium sprays and postharvest calcium dips on rose flower susceptibility to Botrytis blight, petal tissue calcium concentration, and petal strength. Calcium chloride spray applications (0, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg<sup>.</sup>L<sup>−1</sup>of Ca) during greenhouse production and postharvest calcium chloride dips (0, 1000, and 2000 mg<sup>.</sup>L<sup>−1</sup> of Ca) were evaluated and compared with commercial controls, including hydrogen peroxide, captan, and pydiflumethophen + fludioxonil. Calcium chloride sprays during production reduced Botrytis blight severity at 500 and 1000 mg<sup>.</sup>L<sup>−1</sup> of Ca; however, no concentration of calcium chloride spray solution increased calcium in the petal tissue. Postharvest calcium chloride dip applications at 1000 and 2000 mg<sup>.</sup>L<sup>−1</sup> of Ca effectively reduced Botrytis blight compared to the untreated control. Calcium chloride dip applications at 2000 mg<sup>.</sup>L<sup>−1</sup> of Ca were effective for increasing the calcium concentration in the epidermis and mesophyll of the petal tissue in comparison to the 0 mg<sup>.</sup>L<sup>−1</sup> treatment and resulted in increased petal strength and reduced Botrytis severity in comparison to captan and hydrogen peroxide treatments. These results show that postharvest calcium chloride dip applications are more effective than spray applications during production in improving calcium concentration and petal strength on roses and result in a reduction of Botrytis blight severity greater than captan and hydrogen peroxide commercial treatments. This underscores the importance of calcium chloride applications as an alternative management approach for Botrytis blight on roses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 113292"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142573236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113296
Lingqi Yue , Hongyi Qin , Lifeng Kuang , Xuewu Duan , Dengjin Kang , Yunyan Kang , Min Zhong , Xian Yang
Salvia miltiorrhiza-derived carbon dots (SmCDs), as a novel type of nanomaterials, play an important role in delaying senescence and maintaining quality in postharvest flowering Chinese cabbage. However, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of SmCDs involved in delaying senescence is still unclear and requires further studies. In this work, the expression of BrTCP9 among the 16 BrTCPs members was found to correlate with the morphological phenotype observed during leaf aging. Silencing BrTCP9 hindered the degradation of chlorophyll, inhibited the expressions of chlorophyll decomposition-associated genes (BrNYE1, BrNYC1, BrNOL, and BrPPH) and respiratory burst oxidase homologs genes (BrRbohA and BrRbohD), increased the activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), slowed down the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and enhanced Fv/Fm value, which ultimately delayed leaf senescence. Interestingly, the changing trends of chlorophyll content, chlorophyll degradation-related gene expression, ROS production, Fv/Fm value, and leaf phenotype after silencing BrRbohA were similar to those of silencing BrTCP9. Notably, SmCDs could downregulate the transcriptions of BrTCP9 and BrRbohA, attenuate the production of ROS, and delay leaf senescence. Furthermore, BrTCP9 could directly bind to the GGTCCCA motif in the promoter region of BrRbohA and activate its transcript. Our findings demonstrated that BrTCP9 served as a positive regulator of leaf senescence in flowering Chinese cabbage. In contrast, SmCDs effectively delayed leaf senescence by suppressing BrTCP9-mediated ROS metabolism to reduce the accumulation of ROS.
{"title":"Salvia miltiorrhiza-derived carbon dots delay postharvest senescence through repressing BrTCP9-mediated reactive oxygen species metabolism in flowering Chinese cabbage","authors":"Lingqi Yue , Hongyi Qin , Lifeng Kuang , Xuewu Duan , Dengjin Kang , Yunyan Kang , Min Zhong , Xian Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Salvia miltiorrhiza</em>-derived carbon dots (<em>Sm</em>CDs), as a novel type of nanomaterials, play an important role in delaying senescence and maintaining quality in postharvest flowering Chinese cabbage. However, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of <em>Sm</em>CDs involved in delaying senescence is still unclear and requires further studies. In this work, the expression of <em>BrTCP9</em> among the 16 <em>BrTCPs</em> members was found to correlate with the morphological phenotype observed during leaf aging. Silencing <em>BrTCP9</em> hindered the degradation of chlorophyll, inhibited the expressions of chlorophyll decomposition-associated genes (<em>BrNYE1</em>, <em>BrNYC1</em>, <em>BrNOL</em>, and <em>BrPPH</em>) and respiratory burst oxidase homologs genes (<em>BrRbohA</em> and <em>BrRbohD</em>), increased the activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), slowed down the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and enhanced <em>Fv/Fm</em> value, which ultimately delayed leaf senescence. Interestingly, the changing trends of chlorophyll content, chlorophyll degradation-related gene expression, ROS production, <em>Fv/Fm</em> value, and leaf phenotype after silencing <em>BrRbohA</em> were similar to those of silencing <em>BrTCP9</em>. Notably, <em>Sm</em>CDs could downregulate the transcriptions of <em>BrTCP9</em> and <em>BrRbohA</em>, attenuate the production of ROS, and delay leaf senescence. Furthermore, BrTCP9 could directly bind to the <em>GGTCCCA</em> motif in the promoter region of <em>BrRbohA</em> and activate its transcript. Our findings demonstrated that BrTCP9 served as a positive regulator of leaf senescence in flowering Chinese cabbage. In contrast, <em>Sm</em>CDs effectively delayed leaf senescence by suppressing BrTCP9-mediated ROS metabolism to reduce the accumulation of ROS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 113296"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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