Pub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114092
Tong Li , Bi Liao , Wenjun Wang , Lili Deng , Jian Ming , Kaifang Zeng
Green mold caused by Penicillium digitatum is one of the most significant postharvest diseases of citrus. Through the isolation and purification of microorganisms from soil, leaf, and fruit surface samples in nine citrus-dominated orchards, 63 strains were successfully obtained, including 53 yeast strains belonging to 7 different genera. Subsequently, seven of the yeast strains tested in vivo effectively inhibited the development of green mold in citrus fruit, with Papiliotrema aurea exhibiting the most effective biocontrol efficacy. The safety evaluation of P. aurea demonstrated no detectable hemolytic effects or virulence against Galleria mellonella. In vitro and in vivo evaluations showed that the cell-free fermentation filtrate of P. aurea exhibited potent antifungal activity that significantly inhibited mycelial growth of P. digitatum and provided significant disease control. Notably, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by P. aurea significantly inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of P. digitatum. Moreover, citrus fruit exposed to these VOCs showed significantly delayed green mold development during storage than their untreated counterparts. This study reveals P. aurea's multi-faceted antagonism against green mold, involving colonization capacity, secreted antifungals, and VOCs production, positioning it as a viable postharvest biocontrol agent.
{"title":"New application of Papiliotrema aurea: Isolation, biocontrol of postharvest green mold in citrus and antagonistic mechanisms","authors":"Tong Li , Bi Liao , Wenjun Wang , Lili Deng , Jian Ming , Kaifang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green mold caused by <em>Penicillium digitatum</em> is one of the most significant postharvest diseases of citrus. Through the isolation and purification of microorganisms from soil, leaf, and fruit surface samples in nine citrus-dominated orchards, 63 strains were successfully obtained, including 53 yeast strains belonging to 7 different genera. Subsequently, seven of the yeast strains tested <em>in vivo</em> effectively inhibited the development of green mold in citrus fruit, with <em>Papiliotrema aurea</em> exhibiting the most effective biocontrol efficacy. The safety evaluation of <em>P. aurea</em> demonstrated no detectable hemolytic effects or virulence against <em>Galleria mellonella</em>. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> evaluations showed that the cell-free fermentation filtrate of <em>P. aurea</em> exhibited potent antifungal activity that significantly inhibited mycelial growth of <em>P. digitatum</em> and provided significant disease control. Notably, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by <em>P. aurea</em> significantly inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of <em>P. digitatum</em>. Moreover, citrus fruit exposed to these VOCs showed significantly delayed green mold development during storage than their untreated counterparts. This study reveals <em>P. aurea</em>'s multi-faceted antagonism against green mold, involving colonization capacity, secreted antifungals, and VOCs production, positioning it as a viable postharvest biocontrol agent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114092"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114103
Xuezhen Guo , Charlotte J. Harbers , Hannelore E.J.M. Heuer , Qianxixi Min , Ying Liu , Ernst J. Woltering , Leo F.M. Marcelis , Ruud G.M. van der Sman
Accurately predicting the postharvest quality of fruits and vegetables (F&V) is a critical challenge for supply chain management and consumer satisfaction. Traditional knowledge-driven kinetic models have good interpretability but often struggle to account for diverse pre-storage and environmental factors, particularly for users without experience in kinetic modeling. In contrast, purely data-driven approaches, such as neural networks, require large datasets and are unable to leverage domain knowledge to improve data efficiency. In this study, we propose a conceptual framework for Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) that integrates domain knowledge with data-driven neural networks, providing a hybrid approach for F&V quality prediction. A decision tree is included to guide model selection based on dataset characteristics, the availability of prior knowledge, and prediction goals. As a proof of concept, we first conducted a study using synthetically generated quality decay data, demonstrating that incorporating kinetic knowledge directly into the neural network improves predictive accuracy and temporal extrapolation. Subsequently, a real-world case study predicting the overall visual quality (OVQ) of greenhouse tomatoes further confirmed the advantages of hybrid knowledge-data integration. Overall, this research demonstrates that SciML offers a third modeling alternative that balances data-driven flexibility and knowledge-driven interpretability. While not intended to replace traditional approaches, SciML can enrich the toolbox available to researchers and practitioners for F&V quality modeling and, more broadly, for food quality prediction. Human judgment remains essential in selecting and applying the appropriate SciML model to ensure an effective balance among prediction accuracy on limited datasets, knowledge incorporation for improved extrapolation, computational efficiency, and interpretability.
{"title":"A generic scientific machine learning framework for fruit and vegetable quality prediction","authors":"Xuezhen Guo , Charlotte J. Harbers , Hannelore E.J.M. Heuer , Qianxixi Min , Ying Liu , Ernst J. Woltering , Leo F.M. Marcelis , Ruud G.M. van der Sman","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately predicting the postharvest quality of fruits and vegetables (F&V) is a critical challenge for supply chain management and consumer satisfaction. Traditional knowledge-driven kinetic models have good interpretability but often struggle to account for diverse pre-storage and environmental factors, particularly for users without experience in kinetic modeling. In contrast, purely data-driven approaches, such as neural networks, require large datasets and are unable to leverage domain knowledge to improve data efficiency. In this study, we propose a conceptual framework for Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) that integrates domain knowledge with data-driven neural networks, providing a hybrid approach for F&V quality prediction. A decision tree is included to guide model selection based on dataset characteristics, the availability of prior knowledge, and prediction goals. As a proof of concept, we first conducted a study using synthetically generated quality decay data, demonstrating that incorporating kinetic knowledge directly into the neural network improves predictive accuracy and temporal extrapolation. Subsequently, a real-world case study predicting the overall visual quality (OVQ) of greenhouse tomatoes further confirmed the advantages of hybrid knowledge-data integration. Overall, this research demonstrates that SciML offers a third modeling alternative that balances data-driven flexibility and knowledge-driven interpretability. While not intended to replace traditional approaches, SciML can enrich the toolbox available to researchers and practitioners for F&V quality modeling and, more broadly, for food quality prediction. Human judgment remains essential in selecting and applying the appropriate SciML model to ensure an effective balance among prediction accuracy on limited datasets, knowledge incorporation for improved extrapolation, computational efficiency, and interpretability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114103"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-30DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114100
Shiqi Li , Shuaiying Shi , Tian Shi , Xingshu Wei , Tong Xiao , Shuangcheng Gao , Shuang Zhou , Muhammad Shaaban , Guoan Shi
Aquaporins play an essential role in regulating transmembrane water transport in plants. Postharvest water loss often leads to wilting of cut flowers, significantly reducing their ornamental value and posing a major challenge for commercial production. Based on previous transcriptomic analysis, fourteen AQP genes were identified and classified into four subfamilies. Among them, PIPs were predominantly expressed in floral organs, TIPs showed high expression in petals, while NIPs and SIPs were mainly expressed in green tissues. During the vase life period, the expression patterns of IpPIP2–2 and IpTIP1–3 were closely associated with early flower opening. Cut flower stems were either subjected to postharvest water loss to levels of 5 % (WL5) or 10 % (WL10), or pretreated with the aquaporins inhibitor HgCl2 or the activator β-Mercaptoethanol (β-ME). Morphological traits, water status, and the expression of AQP genes in petals were evaluated throughout the vase life period. The results demonstrated that postharvest water loss accelerated flower opening and petal shedding, reduced flower diameter, and shortened vase life. In addition, water loss promoted petal ethylene synthesis and increased MDA accumulation, significantly accelerating petal senescence. β-ME significantly improved water uptake and accelerated flower opening, whereas HgCl2 showed no significant inhibitory effect during the vase period. During the early stages of flower opening, WL10 and β-ME treatments markedly upregulated the expression of IpPIP2–2 and IpTIP1–3. Furthermore, water loss elevated the expression of key genes involved in ethylene synthesis and signal transduction pathways. These findings suggest that postharvest water loss triggers upregulation of aquaporin genes IpPIP2–2 and IpTIP1–3, which facilitates rapid water uptake and ethylene release in petals during the initial vase period. This study provides valuable insights into potential strategies for improving the quality and longevity of Itoh peony cut flowers.
{"title":"Postharvest water loss decreases vase quality of Itoh peony cut flowers by regulating aquaporins activity","authors":"Shiqi Li , Shuaiying Shi , Tian Shi , Xingshu Wei , Tong Xiao , Shuangcheng Gao , Shuang Zhou , Muhammad Shaaban , Guoan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaporins play an essential role in regulating transmembrane water transport in plants. Postharvest water loss often leads to wilting of cut flowers, significantly reducing their ornamental value and posing a major challenge for commercial production. Based on previous transcriptomic analysis, fourteen AQP genes were identified and classified into four subfamilies. Among them, PIPs were predominantly expressed in floral organs, TIPs showed high expression in petals, while NIPs and SIPs were mainly expressed in green tissues. During the vase life period, the expression patterns of <em>IpPIP2–2</em> and <em>IpTIP1–3</em> were closely associated with early flower opening. Cut flower stems were either subjected to postharvest water loss to levels of 5 % (WL5) or 10 % (WL10), or pretreated with the aquaporins inhibitor HgCl<sub>2</sub> or the activator β-Mercaptoethanol (β-ME). Morphological traits, water status, and the expression of AQP genes in petals were evaluated throughout the vase life period. The results demonstrated that postharvest water loss accelerated flower opening and petal shedding, reduced flower diameter, and shortened vase life. In addition, water loss promoted petal ethylene synthesis and increased MDA accumulation, significantly accelerating petal senescence. β-ME significantly improved water uptake and accelerated flower opening, whereas HgCl<sub>2</sub> showed no significant inhibitory effect during the vase period. During the early stages of flower opening, WL10 and β-ME treatments markedly upregulated the expression of <em>IpPIP2–2</em> and <em>IpTIP1–3</em>. Furthermore, water loss elevated the expression of key genes involved in ethylene synthesis and signal transduction pathways. These findings suggest that postharvest water loss triggers upregulation of aquaporin genes <em>IpPIP2–2</em> and <em>IpTIP1–3</em>, which facilitates rapid water uptake and ethylene release in petals during the initial vase period. This study provides valuable insights into potential strategies for improving the quality and longevity of Itoh peony cut flowers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114100"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114101
Jiamei Yuan , Jie Yang , Yushan Du , Liwenqian Wang , Fengjun Wang , Guangjin Li
The volatile organic compounds derived from plants are increasingly utilized in postharvest disease management owing to their potent antifungal properties. The present study examined the antifungal effects of trans-2-octenal (OCT), a natural volatile compound, against Botrytis cinerea and explored its mode of action. OCT demonstrated strong antifungal activity in vitro, completely inhibiting mycelial growth at 4 μL L−1 and significantly impairing conidial germination and germ tube elongation of B. cinerea. In vivo studies revealed that OCT reduced grey mould severity while maintained fruit quality during storage. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that OCT interfered with multiple cellular processes, particularly ribosome biosynthesis, stress response-related pathways and the expression of pathogenicity-associated genes including Bcbot1–5, Bcoah, Bcpg4, Bmp1, Bcxyn11A and NADPH oxidase complex. More notably, OCT disrupted the membrane lipid metabolism and damaged the membrane integrity, resulting in cytoplasmic content leakage and deleterious morphological modifications. Collectively, these results elucidate the antifungal activity and mode of action of OCT against B. cinerea, highlighting its promise for controlling grey mould on harvested produce.
{"title":"Efficacy and possible mechanism of trans-2-octenal in controlling grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea on harvested fruit","authors":"Jiamei Yuan , Jie Yang , Yushan Du , Liwenqian Wang , Fengjun Wang , Guangjin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The volatile organic compounds derived from plants are increasingly utilized in postharvest disease management owing to their potent antifungal properties. The present study examined the antifungal effects of trans-2-octenal (OCT), a natural volatile compound, against <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> and explored its mode of action. OCT demonstrated strong antifungal activity <em>in vitro</em>, completely inhibiting mycelial growth at 4 μL L<sup>−1</sup> and significantly impairing conidial germination and germ tube elongation of <em>B. cinerea</em>. <em>In vivo</em> studies revealed that OCT reduced grey mould severity while maintained fruit quality during storage. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that OCT interfered with multiple cellular processes, particularly ribosome biosynthesis, stress response-related pathways and the expression of pathogenicity-associated genes including <em>Bcbot1–5, Bcoah, Bcpg4, Bmp1, Bcxyn11A</em> and NADPH oxidase complex. More notably, OCT disrupted the membrane lipid metabolism and damaged the membrane integrity, resulting in cytoplasmic content leakage and deleterious morphological modifications. Collectively, these results elucidate the antifungal activity and mode of action of OCT against <em>B. cinerea</em>, highlighting its promise for controlling grey mould on harvested produce.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114101"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114102
Md Saikat Hossain Bhuiyan , Wenxia Wang , Jin Gao , Xiaochen Jia , Hu Zhao , Md Mijanur Rahman Rajib , Heng Yin
The rapid degradation of the cell wall leads to firmness loss in fruit, resulting in a shorter shelf life and quality deterioration. Here, we evaluated the impact of preharvest foliar application of alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) on a perishable fruit kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta) over a 42 d storage period using physiological, molecular, and biochemical approaches. The selected plants were sprayed with the AOS solution 15 d before harvest, covering both the leaves and fruit surfaces. The preharvest AOS application significantly reduced decay incidence by about 60 %, maintained nearly twice the firmness, and 22 % less weight loss compared with control fruit after 42 d of storage. Transcriptome analysis reveals that AOS treatment downregulates the genes related to cell wall degradation. Moreover, biochemical analysis indicates that preharvest application suppressed the activation of cell wall degrading enzymes, reduced the solubilization of cell wall polysaccharides, and preserved their monosaccharide composition. These results reveal that preharvest application of AOS ensured the storability of kiwiberry by controlling cell wall degradation enzymes and gene expression. These findings highlight the significant potentiality of AOS preharvest treatments for delaying postharvest softening of kiwiberry.
{"title":"Preharvest application of alginate oligosaccharides enhances the postharvest storage of kiwiberry by regulating cell wall degradation","authors":"Md Saikat Hossain Bhuiyan , Wenxia Wang , Jin Gao , Xiaochen Jia , Hu Zhao , Md Mijanur Rahman Rajib , Heng Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid degradation of the cell wall leads to firmness loss in fruit, resulting in a shorter shelf life and quality deterioration. Here, we evaluated the impact of preharvest foliar application of alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) on a perishable fruit kiwiberry (<em>Actinidia arguta</em>) over a 42 d storage period using physiological, molecular, and biochemical approaches. The selected plants were sprayed with the AOS solution 15 d before harvest, covering both the leaves and fruit surfaces. The preharvest AOS application significantly reduced decay incidence by about 60 %, maintained nearly twice the firmness, and 22 % less weight loss compared with control fruit after 42 d of storage. Transcriptome analysis reveals that AOS treatment downregulates the genes related to cell wall degradation. Moreover, biochemical analysis indicates that preharvest application suppressed the activation of cell wall degrading enzymes, reduced the solubilization of cell wall polysaccharides, and preserved their monosaccharide composition. These results reveal that preharvest application of AOS ensured the storability of kiwiberry by controlling cell wall degradation enzymes and gene expression. These findings highlight the significant potentiality of AOS preharvest treatments for delaying postharvest softening of kiwiberry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114102"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114088
Liu Chen , Yihong Wang , Tingting Yan , Jianhong Cao , Jiying Li , Sixian Zhang , Di Gong , Danfeng Long
‘Zaosu’ pears are highly valued for its superior taste and nutritional quality. However, the fruits are susceptible to Aspergillus carbonarius infection during storage, resulting in significant economic losses. In this study, we investigated the biocontrol potential of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by Hanseniaspora uvarum GL7 against A. carbonarius. The results demonstrated that GL7 exhibited promising probiotic characteristics, and GL7 VOCs treatment inhibited the colony diameter, sporulation, germination of A. carbonarius, and downregulated the expression of development-related genes. Moreover, the results of scanning electron microscope revealed that GL7 VOCs destroyed normal morphology of A. carbonarius. GC-MS analysis identified 3-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol acetate as the main VOCs produced by GL7. In addition, GL7 VOCs decreased H2O2 accumulation and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) in pear fruit during storage. The treatment also activated AsA-GSH cycle in pear fruit by increasing the activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and elevating contents of glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA). Furthermore, GL7 VOCs increased key enzymes activity in phenylpropanoid pathway, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), and cinnamate dehydrogenase (CAD), and promoted the accumulation of antimicrobial compounds such as total phenols, flavonoids, and lignin in pear fruit during storage. Therefore, GL7 VOCs can be a potential biocontrol agent for controlling postharvest diseases of ‘Zaosu’ pear fruit.
{"title":"Antifungal activity of Hanseniaspora uvarum VOCs against Aspergillus carbonarius in pear by activating ROS metabolism and phenylpropanoid pathway","authors":"Liu Chen , Yihong Wang , Tingting Yan , Jianhong Cao , Jiying Li , Sixian Zhang , Di Gong , Danfeng Long","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>‘Zaosu’ pears are highly valued for its superior taste and nutritional quality. However, the fruits are susceptible to <em>Aspergillus carbonarius</em> infection during storage, resulting in significant economic losses. In this study, we investigated the biocontrol potential of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by <em>Hanseniaspora uvarum</em> GL7 against <em>A. carbonarius</em>. The results demonstrated that GL7 exhibited promising probiotic characteristics, and GL7 VOCs treatment inhibited the colony diameter, sporulation, germination of <em>A. carbonarius</em>, and downregulated the expression of development-related genes. Moreover, the results of scanning electron microscope revealed that GL7 VOCs destroyed normal morphology of <em>A. carbonarius</em>. GC-MS analysis identified 3-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol acetate as the main VOCs produced by GL7. In addition, GL7 VOCs decreased H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> accumulation and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) in pear fruit during storage. The treatment also activated AsA-GSH cycle in pear fruit by increasing the activities of glutathione reductase (GR) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and elevating contents of glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA). Furthermore, GL7 VOCs increased key enzymes activity in phenylpropanoid pathway, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), and cinnamate dehydrogenase (CAD), and promoted the accumulation of antimicrobial compounds such as total phenols, flavonoids, and lignin in pear fruit during storage. Therefore, GL7 VOCs can be a potential biocontrol agent for controlling postharvest diseases of ‘Zaosu’ pear fruit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114088"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114095
Tongyang Kang , Yuting Xu , Zhexuan Peng , Xiaoyu Wang , Jieyu Dai , Ze Xu , Xingzhen Zhang , Qianjin Zhan , Zhengkun Guo , Yanan Hu , Caiping Zhao
Peach (Prunus persica) is a globally significant fruit crop, whereas its rapid ripening and softening processes bring great challenges for the storage and transportation. Therefore, it is of great significance to specify the mechanism of peach ripening and softening. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) constitute one of the largest TF families in plants, and certain members have been implicated in the regulation of fruit ripening and softening. However, the modulatory roles of bHLH TFs in peach fruit ripening remain relatively understudied. In this study, a bHLH TF, PpbHLH59, was identified, and exhibited a high expression level during fruit development and ripening. Transient overexpression of PpbHLH59 in peach fruit clearly accelerated softening and elevated ethylene production, while its gene silencing delayed these ripening processes in turn. In peach callus, overexpression of PpbHLH59 led to significant upregulation of ripening and softening related genes, such as PpACO1, PpACS1, PpERF2a, PpPGM0, etc., whereas its silencing resulted in the opposite effects. Further biochemistry experiments confirmed that PpbHLH59 directly bound to the promoters of PpACO1, PpACS1, and PpPGM0, thereby activating their transcription and promoting fruit ripening and softening. Our studies established that PpbHLH59 acts as a key regulator of peach ripening and softening through coordinately regulating ethylene biosynthesis and cell wall degradation, which expands understanding of bHLH TFs in these biological processes.
{"title":"PpbHLH59 is a key regulator of ethylene biosynthesis and cell wall degradation during peach fruit ripening and softening","authors":"Tongyang Kang , Yuting Xu , Zhexuan Peng , Xiaoyu Wang , Jieyu Dai , Ze Xu , Xingzhen Zhang , Qianjin Zhan , Zhengkun Guo , Yanan Hu , Caiping Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peach (<em>Prunus persica</em>) is a globally significant fruit crop, whereas its rapid ripening and softening processes bring great challenges for the storage and transportation. Therefore, it is of great significance to specify the mechanism of peach ripening and softening. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) constitute one of the largest TF families in plants, and certain members have been implicated in the regulation of fruit ripening and softening. However, the modulatory roles of bHLH TFs in peach fruit ripening remain relatively understudied. In this study, a bHLH TF, PpbHLH59, was identified, and exhibited a high expression level during fruit development and ripening. Transient overexpression of <em>PpbHLH59</em> in peach fruit clearly accelerated softening and elevated ethylene production, while its gene silencing delayed these ripening processes in turn. In peach callus, overexpression of <em>PpbHLH59</em> led to significant upregulation of ripening and softening related genes, such as <em>PpACO1</em>, <em>PpACS1</em>, <em>PpERF2a</em>, <em>PpPGM0</em>, etc., whereas its silencing resulted in the opposite effects. Further biochemistry experiments confirmed that PpbHLH59 directly bound to the promoters of <em>PpACO1</em>, <em>PpACS1</em>, and <em>PpPGM0</em>, thereby activating their transcription and promoting fruit ripening and softening. Our studies established that PpbHLH59 acts as a key regulator of peach ripening and softening through coordinately regulating ethylene biosynthesis and cell wall degradation, which expands understanding of bHLH TFs in these biological processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114095"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114098
Yujie Zhang , Qiurong Dan , Dandan Zhou , Yuqing Yan , Leiqing Pan , Kang Tu
Peaches are highly susceptible to chilling injury (CI) during low-temperature storage, but the mechanisms of how different temperatures regulate the antioxidant defense and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) remain unclear. This study evaluated the effects of three temperatures (1 °C, 5 °C, and 10 °C) on CI development, quality attributes, antioxidant systems, and PPP in ‘Xiahui No. 8’ peaches. Results showed that storage at 5 °C induced the most severe CI, with internal browning index reaching 43 % on day 35, accompanied by excessive membrane damage and ROS accumulation. Storage at 10 °C accelerated fruit senescence, leading to weight loss (33 % on day 35), and a rapid decline of firmness. In contrast, 1 °C mitigated CI by maintaining membrane integrity, sustaining higher contents of ascorbic acid (0.14 g kg−1), glutathione (69.81 μmol kg−1), total phenolics, and soluble proteins on day 35, and enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes (APX, GR) on day 28. Importantly, storage at 1 °C induced a continuous activation of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, which ensured a stable nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) supply on day 35 to support AsA-GSH cycle regeneration and flavonoid synthesis. The relative expression of PpSOD, PpPOD, PpCAT, and PpGR was also the highest at 1 °C on day 35, synergistically reinforcing ROS scavenging. In summary, 1 °C storage alleviated peach CI by coordinately upregulating the antioxidant system and maintaining PPP-mediated NADPH production. This study provides insights into the temperature-dependent mechanisms of CI, thereby supporting optimized storage strategies for peaches.
桃在低温贮藏过程中极易受到冷害（CI），但不同温度对桃抗氧化防御和戊糖磷酸途径（PPP）的调控机制尚不清楚。本研究评估了3种温度（1°C、5°C和10°C）对夏会8号桃CI发育、品质属性、抗氧化系统和购买力平价的影响。结果表明，5℃贮藏诱导的CI最为严重，第35天内部褐变指数达到43% %，同时伴有过度的膜损伤和ROS积累。10℃贮藏加速了果实衰老，导致果实重量下降（第35天下降33% %），硬度迅速下降。相比之下，1°C通过维持膜完整性，在第35天维持较高的抗坏血酸（0.14 g kg−1）、谷胱甘肽（69.81 μmol kg−1）、总酚类物质和可溶性蛋白含量，并在第28天增强抗氧化酶（APX， GR）活性来减轻CI。重要的是，在1°C下的储存诱导了葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶和6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶的持续激活，这确保了第35天稳定的烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）供应，以支持AsA-GSH循环再生和类黄酮合成。第35天，PpSOD、PpPOD、PpCAT和PpGR的相对表达量在1°C时也最高，协同增强了ROS的清除能力。综上所述，1°C贮藏通过协调上调抗氧化系统和维持ppp介导的NADPH产生来缓解桃CI。该研究提供了对CI的温度依赖机制的见解，从而支持桃子的优化存储策略。
{"title":"Low-temperature storage affects the quality and antioxidant capacity of “Xiahui No. 8” peach fruit: Mechanisms involving the regulation of the antioxidant system and pentose phosphate pathway","authors":"Yujie Zhang , Qiurong Dan , Dandan Zhou , Yuqing Yan , Leiqing Pan , Kang Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peaches are highly susceptible to chilling injury (CI) during low-temperature storage, but the mechanisms of how different temperatures regulate the antioxidant defense and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) remain unclear. This study evaluated the effects of three temperatures (1 °C, 5 °C, and 10 °C) on CI development, quality attributes, antioxidant systems, and PPP in ‘Xiahui No. 8’ peaches. Results showed that storage at 5 °C induced the most severe CI, with internal browning index reaching 43 % on day 35, accompanied by excessive membrane damage and ROS accumulation. Storage at 10 °C accelerated fruit senescence, leading to weight loss (33 % on day 35), and a rapid decline of firmness. In contrast, 1 °C mitigated CI by maintaining membrane integrity, sustaining higher contents of ascorbic acid (0.14 g kg<sup>−1</sup>), glutathione (69.81 μmol kg<sup>−1</sup>), total phenolics, and soluble proteins on day 35, and enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes (APX, GR) on day 28. Importantly, storage at 1 °C induced a continuous activation of Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, which ensured a stable nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) supply on day 35 to support AsA-GSH cycle regeneration and flavonoid synthesis. The relative expression of <em>PpSOD</em>, <em>PpPOD</em>, <em>PpCAT</em>, and <em>PpGR</em> was also the highest at 1 °C on day 35, synergistically reinforcing ROS scavenging. In summary, 1 °C storage alleviated peach CI by coordinately upregulating the antioxidant system and maintaining PPP-mediated NADPH production. This study provides insights into the temperature-dependent mechanisms of CI, thereby supporting optimized storage strategies for peaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114098"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peach (Prunus persica L.) fruit is prone to chilling injury (CI) during postharvest storage at low temperature, a problem that substantially limits its commercial shelf life. Here, treatment with the phenolic antioxidant propyl gallate (PG) markedly reduced CI symptoms in peach fruit during 35 d of cold storage at 1 °C followed by 3 d of shelf life at 20 °C. PG-treated fruit exhibited a lower CI index, reduced electrolyte leakage, and decreased levels of malondialdehyde, H2O2, and O2⋅−. Activity levels for important enzymes, including peroxidase (POD), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), were also modulated by PG treatment. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects, we combined transcriptomic and widely targeted metabolomic approaches. PG treatment altered the expression of 3049 genes and the abundance of 112 metabolites. Integrated pathway analysis revealed a substantial reconfiguration of phenylpropanoid metabolism, including the suppression of upstream biosynthetic genes (PAL, 4CL, CHS), the accumulation of protective downstream metabolites (cynaroside, epigallocatechin, pinoresinol), and reduced levels of browning-prone compounds such as scopolin. In parallel, PG upregulated genes encoding superoxide dismutase and catalase while suppressing RBOH, thereby enhancing the antioxidant defense system. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that PG alleviates CI by redirecting metabolic flux toward protective phenolics and strengthening antioxidant capacity, offering valuable insight into postharvest management strategies for peach fruit.
{"title":"Propyl gallate treatment protects against chilling injury in peach fruit during storage through the regulation of antioxidant metabolism","authors":"Yiheng He, Yuyang Wang, Wenlong Xu, Tingting Xu, Xiaoxiang Geng, Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peach (<em>Prunus persica</em> L.) fruit is prone to chilling injury (CI) during postharvest storage at low temperature, a problem that substantially limits its commercial shelf life. Here, treatment with the phenolic antioxidant propyl gallate (PG) markedly reduced CI symptoms in peach fruit during 35 d of cold storage at 1 °C followed by 3 d of shelf life at 20 °C. PG-treated fruit exhibited a lower CI index, reduced electrolyte leakage, and decreased levels of malondialdehyde, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, and O<sub>2</sub><sup>⋅−</sup>. Activity levels for important enzymes, including peroxidase (POD), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), were also modulated by PG treatment. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects, we combined transcriptomic and widely targeted metabolomic approaches. PG treatment altered the expression of 3049 genes and the abundance of 112 metabolites. Integrated pathway analysis revealed a substantial reconfiguration of phenylpropanoid metabolism, including the suppression of upstream biosynthetic genes (<em>PAL, 4CL, CHS</em>), the accumulation of protective downstream metabolites (cynaroside, epigallocatechin, pinoresinol), and reduced levels of browning-prone compounds such as scopolin. In parallel, PG upregulated genes encoding superoxide dismutase and catalase while suppressing <em>RBOH</em>, thereby enhancing the antioxidant defense system. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that PG alleviates CI by redirecting metabolic flux toward protective phenolics and strengthening antioxidant capacity, offering valuable insight into postharvest management strategies for peach fruit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114104"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114096
Zhaoyuan Wang , Yajun Wang , Canying Li , Xian Ji , Ling Zhang , Wendan Qu , Xin Fang , Yonghong Ge
Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of gray mold, is a major contributor to postharvest losses in blueberry fruit. This study was undertaken to assess the inhibitory impacts of basil essential oil (BEO) fumigation on B. cinerea both in vivo and in vitro, as well as to evaluate its influence on carbohydrate and phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways in blueberries. The results demonstrated that fumigation with 0.04 mL L−1 BEO effectively suppressed the in vitro growth of B. cinerea mycelium and spore germination, compromised cell membrane integrity, and induced the leakage of intracellular proteins and nucleotides. In vivo experiments demonstrated that fumigation with 0.04 mL L−1 BEO delayed the decline in soluble and reducing sugars levels by improving amylase, sucrose synthase-synthesis, and sucrose phosphate synthase activities and their corresponding gene expressions, while simultaneously suppressing the acid convertase, neutral convertase, sorbitol oxidase, sucrose synthase-cleavage, NADP-sorbitol dehydrogenase, and NAD-sorbitol dehydrogenase activities and their corresponding gene expressions. Additionally, BEO fumigation enhanced the enzymatic activities and up-regulated the gene expressions level of key enzymes associated with phenolic biosynthesis, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Additionally, BEO fumigation significantly enhanced the concentrations of endogenous phenylalanine, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, and sinapic acid, thereby promoting the accumulation of total phenolics and lignin in blueberries. Overall, BEO exerts direct inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth and spore germination of B. cinerea by disrupting cell membrane integrity. Furthermore, BEO fumigation enhances disease resistance in blueberry fruit against B. cinerea by activating key enzymatic activities and gene expressions involved in carbohydrate and phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways, leading to increased accumulation of phenolic compounds.
灰霉病的病原灰霉病菌灰霉病菌是蓝莓果实采后损失的主要原因。本研究旨在研究罗勒精油（BEO）熏蒸对蓝莓绿杆菌的体内和体外抑制作用，以及对蓝莓碳水化合物和苯丙素代谢途径的影响。结果表明，0.04 mL L−1 BEO熏蒸能有效抑制灰葡萄球菌菌丝体的体外生长和孢子萌发，破坏细胞膜完整性，诱导细胞内蛋白质和核苷酸的渗漏。体内实验表明，0.04 mL L−1 BEO熏薰可通过提高淀粉酶、蔗糖合酶合成酶和蔗糖磷酸合酶活性及其相应基因表达，延缓可溶性糖和还原糖水平的下降，同时抑制酸性转化酶、中性转化酶、山梨醇氧化酶、蔗糖合酶裂解酶、nadp -山梨醇脱氢酶和nadp -山梨醇脱氢酶活性及其相应基因表达。此外，BEO熏蒸提高了苯丙氨酸解氨酶、4- coumaryl - coa连接酶、肉桂醇脱氢酶等与酚类生物合成相关的关键酶的酶活性，上调了基因表达水平。此外，BEO熏蒸显著提高了内源苯丙氨酸、对香豆酸、咖啡酸和辛酸的浓度，从而促进了蓝莓总酚类物质和木质素的积累。综上所见，BEO通过破坏菌膜的完整性，对灰葡萄球菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发产生直接抑制作用。此外，BEO熏蒸通过激活碳水化合物和苯丙素代谢途径的关键酶活性和基因表达，增加酚类化合物的积累，增强了蓝莓果实对灰霉病杆菌的抗性。
{"title":"Fumigation with basil essential oil enhances the resistance of blueberry fruit to gray mold by modulating carbohydrate and phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways","authors":"Zhaoyuan Wang , Yajun Wang , Canying Li , Xian Ji , Ling Zhang , Wendan Qu , Xin Fang , Yonghong Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, the causal agent of gray mold, is a major contributor to postharvest losses in blueberry fruit. This study was undertaken to assess the inhibitory impacts of basil essential oil (BEO) fumigation on <em>B. cinerea</em> both <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>, as well as to evaluate its influence on carbohydrate and phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways in blueberries. The results demonstrated that fumigation with 0.04 mL L<sup>−1</sup> BEO effectively suppressed the <em>in vitro</em> growth of <em>B. cinerea</em> mycelium and spore germination, compromised cell membrane integrity, and induced the leakage of intracellular proteins and nucleotides. <em>In vivo</em> experiments demonstrated that fumigation with 0.04 mL L<sup>−1</sup> BEO delayed the decline in soluble and reducing sugars levels by improving amylase, sucrose synthase-synthesis, and sucrose phosphate synthase activities and their corresponding gene expressions, while simultaneously suppressing the acid convertase, neutral convertase, sorbitol oxidase, sucrose synthase-cleavage, NADP-sorbitol dehydrogenase, and NAD-sorbitol dehydrogenase activities and their corresponding gene expressions. Additionally, BEO fumigation enhanced the enzymatic activities and up-regulated the gene expressions level of key enzymes associated with phenolic biosynthesis, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, 4-coumaroyl-CoA ligase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Additionally, BEO fumigation significantly enhanced the concentrations of endogenous phenylalanine, <em>p</em>-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, and sinapic acid, thereby promoting the accumulation of total phenolics and lignin in blueberries. Overall, BEO exerts direct inhibitory effects on the mycelial growth and spore germination of <em>B. cinerea</em> by disrupting cell membrane integrity. Furthermore, BEO fumigation enhances disease resistance in blueberry fruit against <em>B. cinerea</em> by activating key enzymatic activities and gene expressions involved in carbohydrate and phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways, leading to increased accumulation of phenolic compounds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114096"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145616979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号