Monika Kuczyńska, Paulina Kasprzyk, Magdalena Leszczyńska-Wiloch, Joanna Bidzińska, Marcin Martyniak, Alicja Wilandt, K. Lemke
Abstract Introduction Due to the severe side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, there is an urgent need to find new natural or synthetic chemicals that could act as selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The most valuable source of new bioactive compounds and potential drugs are plants. The present study aimed at the investigation of LevidorTM, a patented composition based on oil from the seeds of Nigella sativa and extract from the root of Angelica archangelica, regarding its potential anti-inflammatory effects on the molecular level. Materials and Methods Studies were carried out with the use of murine macrophages (RAW 264.7), human monocytes (U937), and rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cell lines. The cytotoxicity of the LevidorTM extract was evaluated by MTT assay. The concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) was evaluated by ELISA. Moreover, the analysis of COX-1 and COX-2 mRNA expression levels by RT-PCR, as well as protein level by Western blot and immunofluorescent staining, were assessed. Results The LevidorTM extract did not impact cell growth and showed anti-inflammatory effect in the present study. It was able to decrease the level of IL-6, TNF-α and suppress transcription of COX-2, whereas it had no effect on COX-1. Conclusions Obtained results showed that LevidorTM exhibits strong anti-inflammatory properties and may provide a significant alternative to traditionally used medicines in acute pain and chronic inflammation.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory activity of novel natural plant extracts composition—LevidorTM","authors":"Monika Kuczyńska, Paulina Kasprzyk, Magdalena Leszczyńska-Wiloch, Joanna Bidzińska, Marcin Martyniak, Alicja Wilandt, K. Lemke","doi":"10.2478/ahem-2023-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2023-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Due to the severe side effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, there is an urgent need to find new natural or synthetic chemicals that could act as selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The most valuable source of new bioactive compounds and potential drugs are plants. The present study aimed at the investigation of LevidorTM, a patented composition based on oil from the seeds of Nigella sativa and extract from the root of Angelica archangelica, regarding its potential anti-inflammatory effects on the molecular level. Materials and Methods Studies were carried out with the use of murine macrophages (RAW 264.7), human monocytes (U937), and rat pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cell lines. The cytotoxicity of the LevidorTM extract was evaluated by MTT assay. The concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) was evaluated by ELISA. Moreover, the analysis of COX-1 and COX-2 mRNA expression levels by RT-PCR, as well as protein level by Western blot and immunofluorescent staining, were assessed. Results The LevidorTM extract did not impact cell growth and showed anti-inflammatory effect in the present study. It was able to decrease the level of IL-6, TNF-α and suppress transcription of COX-2, whereas it had no effect on COX-1. Conclusions Obtained results showed that LevidorTM exhibits strong anti-inflammatory properties and may provide a significant alternative to traditionally used medicines in acute pain and chronic inflammation.","PeriodicalId":20347,"journal":{"name":"Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej","volume":"77 1","pages":"49 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49080272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krzysztof Suszyński, Natalia Białoń, Wiesław Marcol, Dariusz Górka, Mikołaj Górka
Abstract Introduction Research on the possibility of increasing the effects of after-injury reconstruction of peripheral nerves conducted in the Department of Physiology at ŚUM resulted in the development of a new method of reconstruction after peripheral nerve injuries. In this new method, we used 7-day predegenerated in situ sural nerve grafts. In clinical assessment, we concluded that recovery in motor, sensory and vegetative function after peripheral nerve injury treatment is better with the use of predegenerated grafts. The latent efficacy of reconstruction was measured months or years after reconstruction. In that amount of time, denervated synaptic sites in muscles can be reinnervated by nearby healthy non-injured nerves. It could increase motor, sensory, or vegetative function, irrespective of the effects of chirurgical treatment. We decided to investigate whether the circumstances may influence the latent efficiency of the new method of reconstruction. Materials and Methods Experiments were carried out on 32 patients in The Department of Neurosurgery Medical University of Silesia. Twenty patients were operated on with a predegenerated (P) implant, and 12 patients operated in the traditional method (T). As a result, 25% of patients’ reinnervation from healthy nearby nerves in the area supplied by reconstructed nerves was present. In group P, reinnervation appeared in 7 of 20 patients (35%) and in group T, in 1 from 12 (8.33%) cases. Results Results of the examinations were counted statistically in both groups. Conclusion Reinnervation from nearby healthy non-injured nerves positively influences the results of human peripheral nerve reconstruction.
{"title":"The influence of reinnervation on the results of peripheral nerve repair after injuries","authors":"Krzysztof Suszyński, Natalia Białoń, Wiesław Marcol, Dariusz Górka, Mikołaj Górka","doi":"10.2478/ahem-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Research on the possibility of increasing the effects of after-injury reconstruction of peripheral nerves conducted in the Department of Physiology at ŚUM resulted in the development of a new method of reconstruction after peripheral nerve injuries. In this new method, we used 7-day predegenerated in situ sural nerve grafts. In clinical assessment, we concluded that recovery in motor, sensory and vegetative function after peripheral nerve injury treatment is better with the use of predegenerated grafts. The latent efficacy of reconstruction was measured months or years after reconstruction. In that amount of time, denervated synaptic sites in muscles can be reinnervated by nearby healthy non-injured nerves. It could increase motor, sensory, or vegetative function, irrespective of the effects of chirurgical treatment. We decided to investigate whether the circumstances may influence the latent efficiency of the new method of reconstruction. Materials and Methods Experiments were carried out on 32 patients in The Department of Neurosurgery Medical University of Silesia. Twenty patients were operated on with a predegenerated (P) implant, and 12 patients operated in the traditional method (T). As a result, 25% of patients’ reinnervation from healthy nearby nerves in the area supplied by reconstructed nerves was present. In group P, reinnervation appeared in 7 of 20 patients (35%) and in group T, in 1 from 12 (8.33%) cases. Results Results of the examinations were counted statistically in both groups. Conclusion Reinnervation from nearby healthy non-injured nerves positively influences the results of human peripheral nerve reconstruction.","PeriodicalId":20347,"journal":{"name":"Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135102383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karolina Dąbrowska, Z. Zaczek, K. Majewska, J. Sobocki
Abstract Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a life-saving nutritional therapy in conditions where enteral nutrition is contraindicated or inadequate. However, it has been associated with side effects, one of which is parenteral nutrition–associated liver damage (PNALD). The main features of PNALD are cholestasis, fatty liver disease, and early fibrosis, followed by disease progression, cirrhosis, and liver failure. Risk factors for parenterally fed patients include short bowel syndrome, bacterial overgrowth and translocation, disturbances in hepatobiliary circulation and lack of enteral nutrition, and the choice of an inappropriate fat mixture. The source of the oil present in lipid emulsions is believed to play an important role in the development of long-term complications. This review analyzes the current literature and research on the pathogenesis of PNALD. Likewise, possible options for preventing this complication were discussed.
{"title":"Liver complications of total parenteral nutrition: the latest therapeutic strategies","authors":"Karolina Dąbrowska, Z. Zaczek, K. Majewska, J. Sobocki","doi":"10.2478/ahem-2023-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2023-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a life-saving nutritional therapy in conditions where enteral nutrition is contraindicated or inadequate. However, it has been associated with side effects, one of which is parenteral nutrition–associated liver damage (PNALD). The main features of PNALD are cholestasis, fatty liver disease, and early fibrosis, followed by disease progression, cirrhosis, and liver failure. Risk factors for parenterally fed patients include short bowel syndrome, bacterial overgrowth and translocation, disturbances in hepatobiliary circulation and lack of enteral nutrition, and the choice of an inappropriate fat mixture. The source of the oil present in lipid emulsions is believed to play an important role in the development of long-term complications. This review analyzes the current literature and research on the pathogenesis of PNALD. Likewise, possible options for preventing this complication were discussed.","PeriodicalId":20347,"journal":{"name":"Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej","volume":"187 1","pages":"21 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69111629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Turski, Karolina Dorobisz, Katarzyna Pazdro-Zastawny, T. Zatoński
Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has changed healthcare systems’ functioning and priorities worldwide, negatively impacting cancer screening. Adverse effects of delayed diagnosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) may be associated with poorer overall survival. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HNC diagnosis. Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of database records of patients diagnosed with HNC in a single tertiary center from March 1, 2020, until April 30, 2021 (COVID group) was performed and compared to the period from January 1, 2019, to February 30, 2020 (pre-COVID group). Patients’ general characteristics, disease extent in TNM classification, symptom duration, incidence of dyspnea at admission, emergency tracheotomy at admission, and indications for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) were compared. Results One hundred and seventy-two patients with newly diagnosed HNC were enrolled. The most common tumor location was the larynx, followed by the hypopharynx. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the patients’ general or clinical characteristics, disease extent in TNM classification, and symptoms duration. However, the likelihood of PEG being performed in the COVID group was over three times higher (OR=3.15, 95% CI: 1.08 to 9.18, p=0.049). Conclusions During the pandemic, more patients had dysphagia or malnutrition requiring PEG. However, the pandemic did not affect the progression of patients’ HNC significantly.
{"title":"The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on head and neck cancer diagnosis: a single-center study","authors":"M. Turski, Karolina Dorobisz, Katarzyna Pazdro-Zastawny, T. Zatoński","doi":"10.2478/ahem-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has changed healthcare systems’ functioning and priorities worldwide, negatively impacting cancer screening. Adverse effects of delayed diagnosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) may be associated with poorer overall survival. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HNC diagnosis. Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of database records of patients diagnosed with HNC in a single tertiary center from March 1, 2020, until April 30, 2021 (COVID group) was performed and compared to the period from January 1, 2019, to February 30, 2020 (pre-COVID group). Patients’ general characteristics, disease extent in TNM classification, symptom duration, incidence of dyspnea at admission, emergency tracheotomy at admission, and indications for percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) were compared. Results One hundred and seventy-two patients with newly diagnosed HNC were enrolled. The most common tumor location was the larynx, followed by the hypopharynx. There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the patients’ general or clinical characteristics, disease extent in TNM classification, and symptoms duration. However, the likelihood of PEG being performed in the COVID group was over three times higher (OR=3.15, 95% CI: 1.08 to 9.18, p=0.049). Conclusions During the pandemic, more patients had dysphagia or malnutrition requiring PEG. However, the pandemic did not affect the progression of patients’ HNC significantly.","PeriodicalId":20347,"journal":{"name":"Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej","volume":"77 1","pages":"65 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69111804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The prostate gland is highly susceptible to oncogenic transformation, many times more than other sex tissues, such as seminal vesicles. In fact, prostate cancer (PCa) will be diagnosed in one in seven lifetime patients, making PCa the subject of intense research aimed at clarifying its biology and providing adequate treatment. PCa is the fourth most common cancer in the world in terms of the overall population and the second most common cancer for the male population. It is postulated that the development of PCa may be influenced by dietary factors, physical and sexual activity, androgens, obesity, and inflammation, but their role in the development of prostate cancer still remains unclear. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors (TIMPs) play an important role in many physiological and pathological processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, cell differentiation, participation in inflammatory processes and angiogenesis. Numerous studies point to a direct relationship between MMPs and both local tumor invasion and the formation of distant metastases. High activity of MMPs is observed in solid tumors of various origins, which positively correlates with a poor overall survival rate. Although biochemical diagnostic markers of PCa are currently available, from the point of view of clinical practice, it seems particularly important to develop new and more sensitive markers allowing for early diagnosis and long-term monitoring of patients after PCa treatment, and the assessment of MMP activity in urine and serum of patients are potential factors that could play such a role.
{"title":"The role of matrix metalloproteinases in pathogenesis, diagnostics, and treatment of human prostate cancer","authors":"T. Wiśniowski, Jarosław Bryda, Sławomir Wątroba","doi":"10.2478/ahem-2023-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2023-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The prostate gland is highly susceptible to oncogenic transformation, many times more than other sex tissues, such as seminal vesicles. In fact, prostate cancer (PCa) will be diagnosed in one in seven lifetime patients, making PCa the subject of intense research aimed at clarifying its biology and providing adequate treatment. PCa is the fourth most common cancer in the world in terms of the overall population and the second most common cancer for the male population. It is postulated that the development of PCa may be influenced by dietary factors, physical and sexual activity, androgens, obesity, and inflammation, but their role in the development of prostate cancer still remains unclear. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors (TIMPs) play an important role in many physiological and pathological processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, cell differentiation, participation in inflammatory processes and angiogenesis. Numerous studies point to a direct relationship between MMPs and both local tumor invasion and the formation of distant metastases. High activity of MMPs is observed in solid tumors of various origins, which positively correlates with a poor overall survival rate. Although biochemical diagnostic markers of PCa are currently available, from the point of view of clinical practice, it seems particularly important to develop new and more sensitive markers allowing for early diagnosis and long-term monitoring of patients after PCa treatment, and the assessment of MMP activity in urine and serum of patients are potential factors that could play such a role.","PeriodicalId":20347,"journal":{"name":"Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej","volume":"77 1","pages":"9 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69111835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Cyranka, B. Matejko, D. Dudek, P. Malecki, M. Małecki, M. Pilecki, T. Klupa
Abstract Introduction Happiness and hope are important elements of mental health. One of the main goals of medical care, including diabetes care, is to achieve psychological wellbeing in patients, including a sense of happiness and purpose in life. Materials and Methods During educational workshops, a study of the level of happiness and hope for success was carried out in a group of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). 96 patients with T1DM filled out an anonymous questionnaire about subjective happiness (SHS) and a questionnaire about hope for success (KNS). Results People older than 50 years of age were characterized by a higher level of happiness than patients aged 18–26. No gender differences were observed for this parameter. In terms of hope for success, patients with T1DM did not differ from the general population in the general result or the two subscales. Men had a higher conviction about the ability to find solutions than women. Patients aged 18 to 26 years were characterized by a significantly lower overall result in the KNS test than older age groups. Patients aged 18 to 26 also had a significantly lower conviction about the ability to find solutions compared to other age groups. Conclusions Young adults aged 18 to 26 years are a group particularly vulnerable to lower feelings of happiness, lower hope for success, and lower belief in the ability to find solutions, compared to older age groups. Elderly patients over 50 years have good coping mechanisms and believe that their actions can bring good results.
{"title":"Evaluation of selected psychological parameters: Perception of happiness and hope of success in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus","authors":"K. Cyranka, B. Matejko, D. Dudek, P. Malecki, M. Małecki, M. Pilecki, T. Klupa","doi":"10.2478/ahem-2023-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2023-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Happiness and hope are important elements of mental health. One of the main goals of medical care, including diabetes care, is to achieve psychological wellbeing in patients, including a sense of happiness and purpose in life. Materials and Methods During educational workshops, a study of the level of happiness and hope for success was carried out in a group of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). 96 patients with T1DM filled out an anonymous questionnaire about subjective happiness (SHS) and a questionnaire about hope for success (KNS). Results People older than 50 years of age were characterized by a higher level of happiness than patients aged 18–26. No gender differences were observed for this parameter. In terms of hope for success, patients with T1DM did not differ from the general population in the general result or the two subscales. Men had a higher conviction about the ability to find solutions than women. Patients aged 18 to 26 years were characterized by a significantly lower overall result in the KNS test than older age groups. Patients aged 18 to 26 also had a significantly lower conviction about the ability to find solutions compared to other age groups. Conclusions Young adults aged 18 to 26 years are a group particularly vulnerable to lower feelings of happiness, lower hope for success, and lower belief in the ability to find solutions, compared to older age groups. Elderly patients over 50 years have good coping mechanisms and believe that their actions can bring good results.","PeriodicalId":20347,"journal":{"name":"Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej","volume":"77 1","pages":"36 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46989003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Khalili, Hamid Rahimi Hajiabadi, M. Akbari, Rana Saleh, Bahram Nasr Esfahani, S. Moghim
Abstract Introduction Acute meningitis is a common neurological disorder that affects both children and adults and has a high mortality rate. This study aimed to create a multiplex reverse transcriptase PCR system for screening clinical samples for the presence of the two viruses currently considered to be the most common causes of acute meningitis in Asia. Materials and Methods A single-tube RT multiplex PCR assay was developed and tested for sensitivity and specificity using primers that have been commonly used to screen for herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2) and enterovirus (EV) in clinical samples. The procedure was then used to screen 303 clinical samples for the target viruses, which included 101 feces samples, 101 throat swabs, and 101 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples obtained from 101 hospitalized Iranian children with suspected viral meningitis/meningoencephalitis, and the findings were compared to those of an RT monoplex PCR method. Results The RT-PCR approach demonstrated high precision, with no non-target virus amplification. The results of using this assay to screen clinical samples revealed that RT monoplex PCR had the same sensitivity as RT multiplex PCR for the three different types of specimens. Conclusions This newly developed multiplex RT-PCR method is a simple, fast diagnostic tool that can be used to screen clinical samples for viruses that cause acute meningitis/meningoencephalitis in children.
{"title":"Assessment of a multiplex RT-PCR for Simultaneous, Rapid Screening of Common Viral Infections of Central Nervous System: A Prospective Study for Enteroviruses and Herpesviruses","authors":"Maryam Khalili, Hamid Rahimi Hajiabadi, M. Akbari, Rana Saleh, Bahram Nasr Esfahani, S. Moghim","doi":"10.2478/ahem-2022-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2022-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Acute meningitis is a common neurological disorder that affects both children and adults and has a high mortality rate. This study aimed to create a multiplex reverse transcriptase PCR system for screening clinical samples for the presence of the two viruses currently considered to be the most common causes of acute meningitis in Asia. Materials and Methods A single-tube RT multiplex PCR assay was developed and tested for sensitivity and specificity using primers that have been commonly used to screen for herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2) and enterovirus (EV) in clinical samples. The procedure was then used to screen 303 clinical samples for the target viruses, which included 101 feces samples, 101 throat swabs, and 101 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples obtained from 101 hospitalized Iranian children with suspected viral meningitis/meningoencephalitis, and the findings were compared to those of an RT monoplex PCR method. Results The RT-PCR approach demonstrated high precision, with no non-target virus amplification. The results of using this assay to screen clinical samples revealed that RT monoplex PCR had the same sensitivity as RT multiplex PCR for the three different types of specimens. Conclusions This newly developed multiplex RT-PCR method is a simple, fast diagnostic tool that can be used to screen clinical samples for viruses that cause acute meningitis/meningoencephalitis in children.","PeriodicalId":20347,"journal":{"name":"Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej","volume":"76 1","pages":"91 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48015165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Obesity is a global epidemiological problem that significantly contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. It is a proven factor for an increased risk of overall mortality and the occurrence of sudden cardiac death (SCD). The disease is accompanied by a structural and functional myocardium remodeling, which often results in ventricular repolarization abnormalities and contributes to the triggering of life-threatening arrhythmias. This heightened state of readiness for proarrhythmia is the cause of the sudden cardiac deaths which are recorded in this group of patients and which often constitute the first manifestation of ongoing cardiac pathology. One of the reasons for these arrhythmias may be abnormalities of ventricular muscle repolarization. In this descriptive review, we demonstrate electrocardiographic markers of ventricular repolarization (J point, QT/QTc/QTc-d, JT/JTc/JTc-d, ST segment, T wave and Tp-e/Tp-ed/Tp-e/QT), analyze their abnormalities in the obese population, and discuss their changes after weight loss.
{"title":"Electrocardiographic markers of ventricular repolarization in the obese population: A descriptive review","authors":"A. Topp-Zielińska, M. Szołkiewicz","doi":"10.2478/ahem-2022-0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2022-0046","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Obesity is a global epidemiological problem that significantly contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. It is a proven factor for an increased risk of overall mortality and the occurrence of sudden cardiac death (SCD). The disease is accompanied by a structural and functional myocardium remodeling, which often results in ventricular repolarization abnormalities and contributes to the triggering of life-threatening arrhythmias. This heightened state of readiness for proarrhythmia is the cause of the sudden cardiac deaths which are recorded in this group of patients and which often constitute the first manifestation of ongoing cardiac pathology. One of the reasons for these arrhythmias may be abnormalities of ventricular muscle repolarization. In this descriptive review, we demonstrate electrocardiographic markers of ventricular repolarization (J point, QT/QTc/QTc-d, JT/JTc/JTc-d, ST segment, T wave and Tp-e/Tp-ed/Tp-e/QT), analyze their abnormalities in the obese population, and discuss their changes after weight loss.","PeriodicalId":20347,"journal":{"name":"Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej","volume":"76 1","pages":"24 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47395583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Pietrzak-Nowacka, R. Lejkowska, M. Kawa, Zofia Ulańczyk, K. Safranow, B. Nowacka, K. Podborączyńska-Jodko, W. Lubiński, K. Ciechanowski, B. Machaliński, A. Machalińska
Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to examine retinal vessels in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients with normal kidney function and without diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods We enrolled 39 adult individuals with ADPKD and 45 gender- and age-matched individuals as controls. A full ophthalmologic examination, including retinal vessel caliber and reactions to flicker stimulation analysis and grading of hypertensive retinopathy according to the Keith-Wagener classification, was performed. Results Multivariable analysis of ADPKD patients and controls, adjusted for age, gender, estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) and the presence of hypertension, revealed that ADPKD was an independent factor associated with lower arteriovenous ratio (AVR) values (by 0.069 on average, β = −0.50, p < 0.0001). The severity of hypertensive retinopathy according to the Keith-Wagener classification appeared to be more advanced in the ADPKD group than in the controls, despite the lack of vascular abnormalities, such as retinal hemorrhages, exudates, cotton wool spots or papilledema, as well as microaneurysms, which are very characteristic signs of ADPKD in other vascular beds. Conclusions Lower AVR values could be a specific pathophysiological ocular manifestation of systemic vasculopathy in the course of ADPKD.
摘要简介本研究的目的是检查常染色体显性多囊肾病(ADPKD)患者的视网膜血管正常肾功能和无糖尿病。材料和方法我们招募了39名成年ADPKD患者和45名性别和年龄匹配的个体作为对照。进行了全面的眼科检查，包括视网膜血管口径和对闪烁刺激的反应分析，并根据Keith-Wagener分类对高血压视网膜病变进行分级。结果对ADPKD患者和对照组进行多变量分析，调整年龄、性别、肾小球滤过率(e-GFR)和高血压的存在，显示ADPKD是低动静脉比(AVR)值相关的独立因素(平均为0.069，β = - 0.50, p < 0.0001)。尽管ADPKD组没有血管异常，如视网膜出血、渗出物、棉球斑点或乳头水肿，以及微动脉瘤，但根据基斯-瓦格纳分类，高血压视网膜病变的严重程度似乎比对照组更严重，而微动脉瘤是其他血管床中ADPKD的非常典型的症状。结论较低的AVR值可能是ADPKD全身性血管病变的一种特殊的眼病理生理表现。
{"title":"Evidence of retinal arteriolar narrowing in patients with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease","authors":"M. Pietrzak-Nowacka, R. Lejkowska, M. Kawa, Zofia Ulańczyk, K. Safranow, B. Nowacka, K. Podborączyńska-Jodko, W. Lubiński, K. Ciechanowski, B. Machaliński, A. Machalińska","doi":"10.2478/ahem-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to examine retinal vessels in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients with normal kidney function and without diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods We enrolled 39 adult individuals with ADPKD and 45 gender- and age-matched individuals as controls. A full ophthalmologic examination, including retinal vessel caliber and reactions to flicker stimulation analysis and grading of hypertensive retinopathy according to the Keith-Wagener classification, was performed. Results Multivariable analysis of ADPKD patients and controls, adjusted for age, gender, estimated glomerular filtration rate (e-GFR) and the presence of hypertension, revealed that ADPKD was an independent factor associated with lower arteriovenous ratio (AVR) values (by 0.069 on average, β = −0.50, p < 0.0001). The severity of hypertensive retinopathy according to the Keith-Wagener classification appeared to be more advanced in the ADPKD group than in the controls, despite the lack of vascular abnormalities, such as retinal hemorrhages, exudates, cotton wool spots or papilledema, as well as microaneurysms, which are very characteristic signs of ADPKD in other vascular beds. Conclusions Lower AVR values could be a specific pathophysiological ocular manifestation of systemic vasculopathy in the course of ADPKD.","PeriodicalId":20347,"journal":{"name":"Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej","volume":"76 1","pages":"82 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69110125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Zielińska, Justyna Płonka-Czerw, Agnieszka Nowak, D. Kuśmierz
Abstract Introduction Amygdalin is a chemical compound found in the seeds of many edible plants. Different studies using cancer cell cultures in vitro indicate its potential anti-cancer activity. Various types of cancer cells showed different responses to different doses of amygdalin. This may suggest many in vitro models of the activity of this compound. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of amygdalin on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and T-47D breast cancer cells and on HFF-1 normal dermal fibroblasts (control cell culture) in vitro. Cell proliferation, viability, and the changes in mRNA transcript levels of basic proteins (BAX, caspase 3 and BCL-2) involved in apoptosis were analyzed. Materials and Methods MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, T-47D, and HFF-1 cell lines were purchased from the ATCC. Amygdalin derived from apricot kernels was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. CVDE, WST-1, and LDH assays were used to evaluate the effects of amygdalin on cell proliferation and viability. Molecular evaluation of gene transcription levels was performed using the RT-qPCR technique. Results Amygdalin causes a dose-dependent decrease in proliferation and metabolic activity of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and T-47D cells in the in vitro cultures. In all cell cultures amygdalin affects the mRNA levels of pro-apoptotic BAX and caspase 3 proteins and anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein. Conclusions Amygdalin anti-cancer activity may be selective in relation to different cell types. It seems that examined breast cancer cells are more sensitive to amygdalin than normal cells.
{"title":"Effect of amygdalin on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and T-47D breast cancer cells in the in vitro study","authors":"A. Zielińska, Justyna Płonka-Czerw, Agnieszka Nowak, D. Kuśmierz","doi":"10.2478/ahem-2022-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/ahem-2022-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Amygdalin is a chemical compound found in the seeds of many edible plants. Different studies using cancer cell cultures in vitro indicate its potential anti-cancer activity. Various types of cancer cells showed different responses to different doses of amygdalin. This may suggest many in vitro models of the activity of this compound. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of amygdalin on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and T-47D breast cancer cells and on HFF-1 normal dermal fibroblasts (control cell culture) in vitro. Cell proliferation, viability, and the changes in mRNA transcript levels of basic proteins (BAX, caspase 3 and BCL-2) involved in apoptosis were analyzed. Materials and Methods MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, T-47D, and HFF-1 cell lines were purchased from the ATCC. Amygdalin derived from apricot kernels was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. CVDE, WST-1, and LDH assays were used to evaluate the effects of amygdalin on cell proliferation and viability. Molecular evaluation of gene transcription levels was performed using the RT-qPCR technique. Results Amygdalin causes a dose-dependent decrease in proliferation and metabolic activity of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and T-47D cells in the in vitro cultures. In all cell cultures amygdalin affects the mRNA levels of pro-apoptotic BAX and caspase 3 proteins and anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein. Conclusions Amygdalin anti-cancer activity may be selective in relation to different cell types. It seems that examined breast cancer cells are more sensitive to amygdalin than normal cells.","PeriodicalId":20347,"journal":{"name":"Postȩpy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej","volume":"76 1","pages":"132 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69110298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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