Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.1177/20412479231202092
Nilam Gamit, Kalpesh I Patel, Bharatkumar Z Dholakiya
The coating industry may comply with new safety rules by using more environmentally friendly and harmless alternative materials. The present study intends to investigate the characteristic of agricultural waste material-based bio-polyol derived polyurethane wood protective coating for building and construction applications. This study covers the synthesis and characterization of cardanol based bio-polyol through dual epoxidation of phenolic -OH and terminal unsaturation to generate monoglycidyl ether of cardanol followed by ring opening reaction. The resultant bio-polyol is used for formulation of polyurethanes using aliphatic (Desmodur N75) and aromatic (Desmodur L75) isocyanates. The formulated polyurethanes employed for sustainable wood protective coating as well as architectural and multitudinous applications with enhanced antibacterial activity. The resultant wood protective coating was characterized by attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), mass spectroscopy, 1 H NMR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), surface morphology, mechanical and antibacterial properties.
{"title":"<b>Novel cardanol based bio-polyols for sustainable construction applications</b>","authors":"Nilam Gamit, Kalpesh I Patel, Bharatkumar Z Dholakiya","doi":"10.1177/20412479231202092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479231202092","url":null,"abstract":"The coating industry may comply with new safety rules by using more environmentally friendly and harmless alternative materials. The present study intends to investigate the characteristic of agricultural waste material-based bio-polyol derived polyurethane wood protective coating for building and construction applications. This study covers the synthesis and characterization of cardanol based bio-polyol through dual epoxidation of phenolic -OH and terminal unsaturation to generate monoglycidyl ether of cardanol followed by ring opening reaction. The resultant bio-polyol is used for formulation of polyurethanes using aliphatic (Desmodur N75) and aromatic (Desmodur L75) isocyanates. The formulated polyurethanes employed for sustainable wood protective coating as well as architectural and multitudinous applications with enhanced antibacterial activity. The resultant wood protective coating was characterized by attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), mass spectroscopy, 1 H NMR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), surface morphology, mechanical and antibacterial properties.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135395684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the current work, an effort has been made to create polymer composite materials using polybenzoxazine (PBz), which is synthesis from sustainable natural ingredients like furfurylamine (Fu), cardanol (Ca) and reinforced with granite dust made from industrial waste. Varied analytical approaches were used to examine the thermal, morphological, chemical structure, flame retardant and electrical properties of Ca-Fu-PBZ composites reinforced with granite dust at varied weight percentages (5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%). According to the weight percentage concentration of granite dust, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data suggest that the value of Tg increased from 105 to 139°C. A pure Ca-Fu-PBZ benzoxazine matrix was found to have a dielectric constant of 3.97 at 1 MHz. Whereas 5, 10 and 20 wt percentages of reinforced Ca-Fu-PBZ composites with granite dust had dielectric constants of 3.54, 3.05, 2.51 and 2.02 at 1 MHz, respectively. For granite dust reinforced Ca-Fu-PBZ polybenzoxazine composites, the value of the limiting oxygen index (LOI) determined for the char yield obtained thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows greater values than those of the neat Ca-Fu-PBZ matrices. Using water contact angle, the hydrophobic behavior of polybenzoxazine composites reinforced with granite dust was investigated, and it was concluded that the hydrophobic behavior increased with the weight % of granite dust. Data from several investigations show that the thermally stable electrical insulation applications can employ the granite dust reinforced sustainable cardanol-furfurylamine based polybenzoxazine composites as potting compounds, sealants and composites.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of granite dust microparticles reinforced bio-benzoxazine composites","authors":"Ayyavu Chandramohan, Rangasamy Parthiban, Kannaiyan Sathishkumar, Kannaiyan Dinakaran, Alagar Muthukaruppan","doi":"10.1177/20412479231202586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479231202586","url":null,"abstract":"In the current work, an effort has been made to create polymer composite materials using polybenzoxazine (PBz), which is synthesis from sustainable natural ingredients like furfurylamine (Fu), cardanol (Ca) and reinforced with granite dust made from industrial waste. Varied analytical approaches were used to examine the thermal, morphological, chemical structure, flame retardant and electrical properties of Ca-Fu-PBZ composites reinforced with granite dust at varied weight percentages (5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%). According to the weight percentage concentration of granite dust, the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data suggest that the value of Tg increased from 105 to 139°C. A pure Ca-Fu-PBZ benzoxazine matrix was found to have a dielectric constant of 3.97 at 1 MHz. Whereas 5, 10 and 20 wt percentages of reinforced Ca-Fu-PBZ composites with granite dust had dielectric constants of 3.54, 3.05, 2.51 and 2.02 at 1 MHz, respectively. For granite dust reinforced Ca-Fu-PBZ polybenzoxazine composites, the value of the limiting oxygen index (LOI) determined for the char yield obtained thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows greater values than those of the neat Ca-Fu-PBZ matrices. Using water contact angle, the hydrophobic behavior of polybenzoxazine composites reinforced with granite dust was investigated, and it was concluded that the hydrophobic behavior increased with the weight % of granite dust. Data from several investigations show that the thermally stable electrical insulation applications can employ the granite dust reinforced sustainable cardanol-furfurylamine based polybenzoxazine composites as potting compounds, sealants and composites.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1177/20412479231202093
Daiane Nogueira, Natasha S Marasca, Juliana M Latorres, Vilásia G Martins
The use of natural polymers in packaging development is a promising alternative to solve the environmental problems associated with petroleum-based synthetic packaging. This study proposed the production and use of black and red bean flours as a non-conventional biopolymer matrix for the development of biodegradable films. Films with 10 and 25 g of film-forming solution of black bean and red bean flour (separately) were produced by the casting technique and characterized in terms of physical-chemical, barrier and structural properties. The film with 25 g of red bean flour film-forming solution showed a tensile strength of 9.5 MPa and a water solubility of 32.9%, higher values than the other films produced. Regarding the water vapor permeability, the formulation with 10 g of film-forming solution of red bean showed the lowest value (1.3 g.mm/h.m 2 .kPa) when compared to the value of 2.3 g.mm/h.m 2 .kPa for the formulation with 25 g of film-forming solution of red bean. The films presented similar relative crystallinity and a predominantly homogeneous surface. All films presented total biodegradability in 14 days in soil, and 20 days in sea water. The red bean flour films presented better mechanical and barrier properties, and also were able to be sealed and printed. It is believed that this packaging could be used to package products such as olive oil, because in addition to containing the product, its low transparency could prevent oxidative processes caused by the light incidence.
{"title":"Eco-friendly bean flour films for sustainable food packaging","authors":"Daiane Nogueira, Natasha S Marasca, Juliana M Latorres, Vilásia G Martins","doi":"10.1177/20412479231202093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479231202093","url":null,"abstract":"The use of natural polymers in packaging development is a promising alternative to solve the environmental problems associated with petroleum-based synthetic packaging. This study proposed the production and use of black and red bean flours as a non-conventional biopolymer matrix for the development of biodegradable films. Films with 10 and 25 g of film-forming solution of black bean and red bean flour (separately) were produced by the casting technique and characterized in terms of physical-chemical, barrier and structural properties. The film with 25 g of red bean flour film-forming solution showed a tensile strength of 9.5 MPa and a water solubility of 32.9%, higher values than the other films produced. Regarding the water vapor permeability, the formulation with 10 g of film-forming solution of red bean showed the lowest value (1.3 g.mm/h.m 2 .kPa) when compared to the value of 2.3 g.mm/h.m 2 .kPa for the formulation with 25 g of film-forming solution of red bean. The films presented similar relative crystallinity and a predominantly homogeneous surface. All films presented total biodegradability in 14 days in soil, and 20 days in sea water. The red bean flour films presented better mechanical and barrier properties, and also were able to be sealed and printed. It is believed that this packaging could be used to package products such as olive oil, because in addition to containing the product, its low transparency could prevent oxidative processes caused by the light incidence.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135734558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Statistics suggest a high proportion of mortality rate by pancreatic cancer, which is a solid tumor characterized by high heterogeneity and the presence of a complex extracellular matrix. The very low effectiveness of pancreatic cancer treatment roots in the high metastatic potential and drug resistance of this tumor. Therefore, the quest for efficient cellular models enabling precise mimicking in vivo conditions, and anticancer drug development is emerging as a priority. Routinely used 2D culture models offer an initial evaluation of the therapeutic potential of a compound against tumors, while scaffold-free and next-generation scaffold-based 3D hydrogel-based models are found to be promising for appropriate mimicking of the tumor environment and cell interactions. Over the last few years, attention was paid to the use of naturally-derived hydrogel as 3D models for pancreatic tumor modeling. Herein we first overview scaffold-free and scaffold-based 3D tumor models as advanced approaches, followed by placing the focus on naturally-derived hydrogels applied as scaffolds in pancreatic cancer modeling. This short review emphasizes that sustainable hydrogels can almost precisely imitate the complex in vivo microenvironment of pancreatic tumor, thereby hydrogel-based scaffold tumor models may be a breakthrough in pancreatic cancer studies and, in result, significantly improve the poor pancreatic tumor survivability prognosis. Nevertheless, anticancer drug development might be overshadowed by using this family of biomaterials.
{"title":"Naturally-derived hydrogels for 3D pancreatic tumor models: A short review","authors":"Edyta Piłat, Agnieszka Kurdyn, Justyna Kucińska-Lipka","doi":"10.1177/20412479231200321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479231200321","url":null,"abstract":"Statistics suggest a high proportion of mortality rate by pancreatic cancer, which is a solid tumor characterized by high heterogeneity and the presence of a complex extracellular matrix. The very low effectiveness of pancreatic cancer treatment roots in the high metastatic potential and drug resistance of this tumor. Therefore, the quest for efficient cellular models enabling precise mimicking in vivo conditions, and anticancer drug development is emerging as a priority. Routinely used 2D culture models offer an initial evaluation of the therapeutic potential of a compound against tumors, while scaffold-free and next-generation scaffold-based 3D hydrogel-based models are found to be promising for appropriate mimicking of the tumor environment and cell interactions. Over the last few years, attention was paid to the use of naturally-derived hydrogel as 3D models for pancreatic tumor modeling. Herein we first overview scaffold-free and scaffold-based 3D tumor models as advanced approaches, followed by placing the focus on naturally-derived hydrogels applied as scaffolds in pancreatic cancer modeling. This short review emphasizes that sustainable hydrogels can almost precisely imitate the complex in vivo microenvironment of pancreatic tumor, thereby hydrogel-based scaffold tumor models may be a breakthrough in pancreatic cancer studies and, in result, significantly improve the poor pancreatic tumor survivability prognosis. Nevertheless, anticancer drug development might be overshadowed by using this family of biomaterials.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44021137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1177/20412479231200317
Przemysław Gnatowski, Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
The ongoing climate changes, high air and noise pollution have significant impact on humans’ health. This influence is especially visible in otolaryngology, which focuses on respiratory and hearing systems disfunctions. However, even though surgeries are done in response to diseases related to climate changes, they also have a negative impact on the environment, mostly connected with the inherence of single-use fossil fuel derived polymers. This leads to a self-perpetuating emission of greenhouse gases, as human beings developed a lot of synthetic materials to combat climate change derived dysfunctions, which itself endangers human health in a chaotic circular chain. Mitigating issues arising from using synthetic plastics would be possible by imparting biodegradable polymers from renewable resources. Nowadays, sustainable polymers are adopted mostly in emerging fields of medicine, such as 3D printing, tissue engineering of drug delivery systems. Sustainable polymers are particularly useful in otolaryngology, e.g., in the form of nasal drug eluting stents or bone substitutions. Nevertheless, some limitations in wider usage of renewable polymers in surgery should also be underlined, mainly related to lack of legislation, clinical considerations, and also inadequate materials’ circularity. Herein we briefly overviewed commonly used polymers in general surgery and otolaryngology, defined the trends in sustainable polymer usage in these fields, and highlighted the limitations in renewable polymers applications together with possible solutions. What this short review emphasizes, is that the significant increase in interest and demand for sustainable solutions will revolutionize the future of clinical treatments, where contribution to climate change and waste management will be centered in decision making protocols.
{"title":"Sustainable polymers targeted at the surgical and otolaryngological applications: Circularity and future","authors":"Przemysław Gnatowski, Justyna Kucińska-Lipka","doi":"10.1177/20412479231200317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479231200317","url":null,"abstract":"The ongoing climate changes, high air and noise pollution have significant impact on humans’ health. This influence is especially visible in otolaryngology, which focuses on respiratory and hearing systems disfunctions. However, even though surgeries are done in response to diseases related to climate changes, they also have a negative impact on the environment, mostly connected with the inherence of single-use fossil fuel derived polymers. This leads to a self-perpetuating emission of greenhouse gases, as human beings developed a lot of synthetic materials to combat climate change derived dysfunctions, which itself endangers human health in a chaotic circular chain. Mitigating issues arising from using synthetic plastics would be possible by imparting biodegradable polymers from renewable resources. Nowadays, sustainable polymers are adopted mostly in emerging fields of medicine, such as 3D printing, tissue engineering of drug delivery systems. Sustainable polymers are particularly useful in otolaryngology, e.g., in the form of nasal drug eluting stents or bone substitutions. Nevertheless, some limitations in wider usage of renewable polymers in surgery should also be underlined, mainly related to lack of legislation, clinical considerations, and also inadequate materials’ circularity. Herein we briefly overviewed commonly used polymers in general surgery and otolaryngology, defined the trends in sustainable polymer usage in these fields, and highlighted the limitations in renewable polymers applications together with possible solutions. What this short review emphasizes, is that the significant increase in interest and demand for sustainable solutions will revolutionize the future of clinical treatments, where contribution to climate change and waste management will be centered in decision making protocols.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47526101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.1177/20412479231200323
Sharanappa Chapi
A class of polymeric materials known as “hydrogel products” have a hydrophobic structure that enables them to hold significant volumes of water in their three-dimensional networks. It is thought that it is of utmost importance that they can be used extensively in a variety of industrial, biomedical and environmental applications. In this view, I have synthesized a uniuqe hydrogel made from cellulose extracted from banana pseudostem (BPC). This hydrogel exhibits superabsorbent properties. The synthesis was achieved by free-radical graft copolymerization of poly 2-(acryloyloxy) ethyl trimethylammonium chloride copolymer N,N-dimethylacrylamide (AETAC- co-DMA) onto a BPC backbone using ammonium persulfate as the initiator and methylene bisacrylamide as the cross-linking agent. The graft copolymer was studied using FT-IR spectroscopy to confirm its structure. It was further characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to determine its morphological and thermal properties, respectively. The Effect of various parameters of free-radical graft copolymerization on the swelling behavior of the hydrogel was studied and the optimized copolymer was used to conduct pH and salt sensitivity tests on the hydrogel. The maximum water uptake of the hydrogel was found to be 427 g/g under optimum conditions of initiator, monomer and cross-linker concentrations of 0.0657 mol/L, 1.6 mol and 0.0972 mol/L correspondingly. The hydrogel was found to be pH and salt-sensitive and the salt uptake followed the order KCl>NaCl>CaCl>FeCl3. The excellent water absorbency, pH and salt responsiveness of the prepared hydrogel suggest its applicability not only in agriculture and wastewater treatment, but also in biomedicine for the controlled release of drugs.
{"title":"Preparation, characterization and swelling studies of bio-waste-derived absorbent hydrogels","authors":"Sharanappa Chapi","doi":"10.1177/20412479231200323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479231200323","url":null,"abstract":"A class of polymeric materials known as “hydrogel products” have a hydrophobic structure that enables them to hold significant volumes of water in their three-dimensional networks. It is thought that it is of utmost importance that they can be used extensively in a variety of industrial, biomedical and environmental applications. In this view, I have synthesized a uniuqe hydrogel made from cellulose extracted from banana pseudostem (BPC). This hydrogel exhibits superabsorbent properties. The synthesis was achieved by free-radical graft copolymerization of poly 2-(acryloyloxy) ethyl trimethylammonium chloride copolymer N,N-dimethylacrylamide (AETAC- co-DMA) onto a BPC backbone using ammonium persulfate as the initiator and methylene bisacrylamide as the cross-linking agent. The graft copolymer was studied using FT-IR spectroscopy to confirm its structure. It was further characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to determine its morphological and thermal properties, respectively. The Effect of various parameters of free-radical graft copolymerization on the swelling behavior of the hydrogel was studied and the optimized copolymer was used to conduct pH and salt sensitivity tests on the hydrogel. The maximum water uptake of the hydrogel was found to be 427 g/g under optimum conditions of initiator, monomer and cross-linker concentrations of 0.0657 mol/L, 1.6 mol and 0.0972 mol/L correspondingly. The hydrogel was found to be pH and salt-sensitive and the salt uptake followed the order KCl>NaCl>CaCl>FeCl3. The excellent water absorbency, pH and salt responsiveness of the prepared hydrogel suggest its applicability not only in agriculture and wastewater treatment, but also in biomedicine for the controlled release of drugs.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45123323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-12DOI: 10.1177/20412479231182700
B. Howell
With the recognition that traditional phthalate plasticizers readily migrate from a polymer matrix into which they have been incorporated, have become widespread environmental pollutants and pose risks to human health, the development of new, effective, nontoxic, nonmigrating plasticizers has gained urgency. A focus has been the generation of plasticizers from renewable, inexpensive, nontoxic biobased precursors. Many small molecule plasticizers have been prepared from readily-available bioprecursors. However, the most promising are branched oligomeric materials. Fully compatible oligomeric plasticizers do not migrate from a polymer matrix. Highly branched materials are effective in increasing free volume and display good plasticizing impact. Using new technology that permits the generation of hyperbranched poly(ester) without gelation and with control of molecular weight and endgroup identity, oligomeric materials have been prepared from the nontoxic biomonomers, glycerol and adipic acid. The monomers are readily available at modest cost. The oligomers may be obtained in a simple one-step process and function as very effective plasticizers for polymeric materials.
{"title":"Efficient biobased oligomeric plasticizers from the renewable biomonomers, glycerol and adipic acid","authors":"B. Howell","doi":"10.1177/20412479231182700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479231182700","url":null,"abstract":"With the recognition that traditional phthalate plasticizers readily migrate from a polymer matrix into which they have been incorporated, have become widespread environmental pollutants and pose risks to human health, the development of new, effective, nontoxic, nonmigrating plasticizers has gained urgency. A focus has been the generation of plasticizers from renewable, inexpensive, nontoxic biobased precursors. Many small molecule plasticizers have been prepared from readily-available bioprecursors. However, the most promising are branched oligomeric materials. Fully compatible oligomeric plasticizers do not migrate from a polymer matrix. Highly branched materials are effective in increasing free volume and display good plasticizing impact. Using new technology that permits the generation of hyperbranched poly(ester) without gelation and with control of molecular weight and endgroup identity, oligomeric materials have been prepared from the nontoxic biomonomers, glycerol and adipic acid. The monomers are readily available at modest cost. The oligomers may be obtained in a simple one-step process and function as very effective plasticizers for polymeric materials.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45721883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-08DOI: 10.1177/20412479231182698
Mina Pourkhatoun, M. Kalantari, A. Kamyabi, A. Moradi
CMC-g-poly (acrylic acid-co-methacrylic acid) hydrogel was prepared by free radical polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) onto carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) backbone using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator and N, N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker. For investigating the effects of before and after treatments of the hydrogel on the swelling equilibrium, gel fraction, and weight loss, 3 sets of experiments with 5 samples were designed and the effect of degassing (using N2), neutralization with NaOH 1 M, and two stages of dewatering with acetone and ethanol was studied. The results confirmed the positive effects of all the after-treatment stages. The final data indicate that sample (v) with N2 as reaction atmosphere, one neutralization stage, and two dewatering stages exhibit a maximum swelling of 167 g/g, maximum gel fraction of 61.4%, and also maximum weight loss of 38.6%. These outcomes show that these treatments exhibit hydrogel with a good swelling ratio which is desirable in smart delivery systems, healthcare, and biomedical applications. The optimized sample was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and TGA too.
{"title":"The effects of degassing, neutralization, and dewatering on the CMC-g-poly (acrylic acid-co-methacrylic acid) hydrogel","authors":"Mina Pourkhatoun, M. Kalantari, A. Kamyabi, A. Moradi","doi":"10.1177/20412479231182698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479231182698","url":null,"abstract":"CMC-g-poly (acrylic acid-co-methacrylic acid) hydrogel was prepared by free radical polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) onto carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) backbone using ammonium persulfate (APS) as an initiator and N, N′-methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker. For investigating the effects of before and after treatments of the hydrogel on the swelling equilibrium, gel fraction, and weight loss, 3 sets of experiments with 5 samples were designed and the effect of degassing (using N2), neutralization with NaOH 1 M, and two stages of dewatering with acetone and ethanol was studied. The results confirmed the positive effects of all the after-treatment stages. The final data indicate that sample (v) with N2 as reaction atmosphere, one neutralization stage, and two dewatering stages exhibit a maximum swelling of 167 g/g, maximum gel fraction of 61.4%, and also maximum weight loss of 38.6%. These outcomes show that these treatments exhibit hydrogel with a good swelling ratio which is desirable in smart delivery systems, healthcare, and biomedical applications. The optimized sample was characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and TGA too.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42883593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanocellulose derived from cellulose, the abundant natural polymer, is used in various applications due to its superior chemical, mechanical and thermal properties along with good biocompatibility and biodegradability. This paper reports an investigation of the extraction of nanocellulose from two freely available natural precursors-watermelon rinds and water hyacinth leaves. Cellulose isolation was carried out through chemical methods, including acid and alkali treatments followed by bleaching. The chemical composition, percentage crystallinity and particle size were studied using various characterization techniques. FTIR spectra indicate the removal of hemicelluloses, pectin, and lignin resulting in the effective isolation of cellulose from both precursors. Results of XRD indicate a high concentration of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) in the treated sample. The FESEM and SEM-EDAX images also confirm the formation of CNCs. TGA and DSC results show excellent thermal stability for both CNCs. Investigations on the properties of a CNC-reinforced epoxy composite are also reported. Results indicate considerable improvement in the mechanical properties, thermal stability and thermal conductivity of the composites compared to the pristine polymer.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of nanocellulose from watermelon rinds and water hyacinth","authors":"Remya Pk, Manju Ms, Abith Sunil, Athulya Ks, Jerome Joseph, Jyothsna Tu","doi":"10.1177/20412479231174443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479231174443","url":null,"abstract":"Nanocellulose derived from cellulose, the abundant natural polymer, is used in various applications due to its superior chemical, mechanical and thermal properties along with good biocompatibility and biodegradability. This paper reports an investigation of the extraction of nanocellulose from two freely available natural precursors-watermelon rinds and water hyacinth leaves. Cellulose isolation was carried out through chemical methods, including acid and alkali treatments followed by bleaching. The chemical composition, percentage crystallinity and particle size were studied using various characterization techniques. FTIR spectra indicate the removal of hemicelluloses, pectin, and lignin resulting in the effective isolation of cellulose from both precursors. Results of XRD indicate a high concentration of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) in the treated sample. The FESEM and SEM-EDAX images also confirm the formation of CNCs. TGA and DSC results show excellent thermal stability for both CNCs. Investigations on the properties of a CNC-reinforced epoxy composite are also reported. Results indicate considerable improvement in the mechanical properties, thermal stability and thermal conductivity of the composites compared to the pristine polymer.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43520520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.1177/20412479231173113
Nurhania Nurhania, S. Syarifuddin, B. Armynah, D. Tahir
Considering sustainable environmental problems due to waste and the enormous potential of natural plant resources in producing natural fibers has encouraged researchers to make environmentally friendly composite materials reinforced with fibers. Several articles on using natural fibers as composite reinforcement have been collected and studied to produce this article. This article aims to comprehensively describe the physical properties, chemical composition, factors that affect fiber quality, and their relationship with mechanical properties. In the first section, we introduce the general classification of plant fibers and summarize the annual production and category of fiber origin used for fiber-reinforced composites. It then presents the parts of plants and plant species for fiber, including fruit, leaf, and seed fibers, and discuss their characteristics. Further describes the chemical compounds and physical and mechanical properties based on fiber sources. Based on our discussion, this review shows that plant fibers are very suitable as an alternative to polymer-based reinforcement materials due to low cost, renewable, and environmentally friendly composites. However, compatibility with synthetic polymers, dimensional stability and processability must be actively considered to replace synthetic fibers in various applications.
{"title":"Fiber-reinforced polymer composite: Higher performance with renewable and eco-friendly plant-based fibers","authors":"Nurhania Nurhania, S. Syarifuddin, B. Armynah, D. Tahir","doi":"10.1177/20412479231173113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479231173113","url":null,"abstract":"Considering sustainable environmental problems due to waste and the enormous potential of natural plant resources in producing natural fibers has encouraged researchers to make environmentally friendly composite materials reinforced with fibers. Several articles on using natural fibers as composite reinforcement have been collected and studied to produce this article. This article aims to comprehensively describe the physical properties, chemical composition, factors that affect fiber quality, and their relationship with mechanical properties. In the first section, we introduce the general classification of plant fibers and summarize the annual production and category of fiber origin used for fiber-reinforced composites. It then presents the parts of plants and plant species for fiber, including fruit, leaf, and seed fibers, and discuss their characteristics. Further describes the chemical compounds and physical and mechanical properties based on fiber sources. Based on our discussion, this review shows that plant fibers are very suitable as an alternative to polymer-based reinforcement materials due to low cost, renewable, and environmentally friendly composites. However, compatibility with synthetic polymers, dimensional stability and processability must be actively considered to replace synthetic fibers in various applications.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49149547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：