Pub Date : 2022-09-24DOI: 10.1177/20412479221128965
Hamed Nazarpour-Fard
Rice husk ash (RiHA) was employed as the bio-originated and inexpensive filler prepared from agricultural wastes for reinforcing high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE). X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy showed ∼80.82% for the silica content of RiHA as well as the values of other components present in this bio-based filler. The composites were obtained via melt mixing followed by the compression molding by the hot press forming. Characterization of the composites by FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that the filler has the sheer effects on the vibrational bands of the polymers. The usage of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis to investigate the d-spacing values and the crystallinity of the samples, exhibited the increase of d-spacing upon reinforcing the polymers with RiHA. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed an average size of 32 µm for the irregular RiHA particles which uniformly dispersed in the polymeric matrices. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis displayed C, O, and Si as the main constituting elements of the composites and alternatively confirmed the well dispersion of the filler particles into the polymer matrices. The mechanical measurements showed the significant improvements in Young’s modulus, yield stress, and hardness results of the polymers after reinforcing with the rice husk ash. For example, Young’s modulus of HDPE was increased ∼15% after incorporating 7 wt.% of RiHA into this polymer. These mechanical properties of the polymers were increased upon increasing the RiHA content, while the parameter of elongation at break was decreased.
{"title":"Rice husk ash: Economical and high-quality natural-based reinforcing filler for linear low-density and high-density polyethylene","authors":"Hamed Nazarpour-Fard","doi":"10.1177/20412479221128965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479221128965","url":null,"abstract":"Rice husk ash (RiHA) was employed as the bio-originated and inexpensive filler prepared from agricultural wastes for reinforcing high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE). X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy showed ∼80.82% for the silica content of RiHA as well as the values of other components present in this bio-based filler. The composites were obtained via melt mixing followed by the compression molding by the hot press forming. Characterization of the composites by FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that the filler has the sheer effects on the vibrational bands of the polymers. The usage of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis to investigate the d-spacing values and the crystallinity of the samples, exhibited the increase of d-spacing upon reinforcing the polymers with RiHA. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed an average size of 32 µm for the irregular RiHA particles which uniformly dispersed in the polymeric matrices. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis displayed C, O, and Si as the main constituting elements of the composites and alternatively confirmed the well dispersion of the filler particles into the polymer matrices. The mechanical measurements showed the significant improvements in Young’s modulus, yield stress, and hardness results of the polymers after reinforcing with the rice husk ash. For example, Young’s modulus of HDPE was increased ∼15% after incorporating 7 wt.% of RiHA into this polymer. These mechanical properties of the polymers were increased upon increasing the RiHA content, while the parameter of elongation at break was decreased.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44179644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.1177/20412479221128962
Celia Idres, M. Kaci, Nadjet Dehouche, Carole Lainé, S. Bruzaud
Green biocomposites based on poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) reinforced with Agave Americana fibers (AAF) were elaborated by melt compounding at various fiber content ratios, that is, 10, 20, and 30 wt.%. Morphology before and after tensile testing, rheological, viscoelastic, mechanical, and thermal properties of the biocomposite samples were investigated with respect to the AAF content. Tensile and DMA data showed a significant increase in both Young’s modulus and storage modulus of PHBHHx biocomposites with the AAF content, however, more relevant at 30 wt.%. However, a slight decrease in tensile strength and strain at break was observed, while thermal stability remained almost unchanged whatever the AAF content. The study highlighted the reinforcement effect of AAF in PHBHHx biocomposite materials, in particular at filler content of 30 wt. %. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Effect of Agave Americana fibers content on morphology and mechanical, rheological, and thermal properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) biocomposites","authors":"Celia Idres, M. Kaci, Nadjet Dehouche, Carole Lainé, S. Bruzaud","doi":"10.1177/20412479221128962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479221128962","url":null,"abstract":"Green biocomposites based on poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) reinforced with Agave Americana fibers (AAF) were elaborated by melt compounding at various fiber content ratios, that is, 10, 20, and 30 wt.%. Morphology before and after tensile testing, rheological, viscoelastic, mechanical, and thermal properties of the biocomposite samples were investigated with respect to the AAF content. Tensile and DMA data showed a significant increase in both Young’s modulus and storage modulus of PHBHHx biocomposites with the AAF content, however, more relevant at 30 wt.%. However, a slight decrease in tensile strength and strain at break was observed, while thermal stability remained almost unchanged whatever the AAF content. The study highlighted the reinforcement effect of AAF in PHBHHx biocomposite materials, in particular at filler content of 30 wt. %. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47271102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1177/20412479221122676
M. M. Owen, E. O. Achukwu, I. Arukalam, A. Z. Romli
Epoxy-coated Kenaf fibre-ABS (EKF-ABS) and uncoated kenaf fibre-ABS (KF-ABS) composites have been developed with the main objective to appraise the effect of varying processing temperatures on the mechanical and microstructural properties of the composites. FTIR spectroscopy was used to analyse the physico-chemical composition of the fibres, while SEM was used to examine the surface performance of the fibre before and after epoxy-coating. Thermal, mechanical and microstructural properties of the composites were characterized. The obtained results showed that the EKF-ABS composite exhibited better tensile, flexural and fatigue strengths and interfacial bonding than the KF-ABS composite. It was also observed that the processing temperatures (200, 220 and 240°C) did not cause significant change in the tensile and flexural strengths of EKF-ABS composite, but influenced markedly the fatigue behaviours of the composites. The impact strength, absorbed energy and fatigue strength of EKF-ABS composite were observed to be better than those of the KF-ABS composite, and are maximum at 200°C.
{"title":"Effect of varying processing temperatures on the mechanical and microstructural properties of kenaf fibre-ABS composites for moderate temperature applications","authors":"M. M. Owen, E. O. Achukwu, I. Arukalam, A. Z. Romli","doi":"10.1177/20412479221122676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479221122676","url":null,"abstract":"Epoxy-coated Kenaf fibre-ABS (EKF-ABS) and uncoated kenaf fibre-ABS (KF-ABS) composites have been developed with the main objective to appraise the effect of varying processing temperatures on the mechanical and microstructural properties of the composites. FTIR spectroscopy was used to analyse the physico-chemical composition of the fibres, while SEM was used to examine the surface performance of the fibre before and after epoxy-coating. Thermal, mechanical and microstructural properties of the composites were characterized. The obtained results showed that the EKF-ABS composite exhibited better tensile, flexural and fatigue strengths and interfacial bonding than the KF-ABS composite. It was also observed that the processing temperatures (200, 220 and 240°C) did not cause significant change in the tensile and flexural strengths of EKF-ABS composite, but influenced markedly the fatigue behaviours of the composites. The impact strength, absorbed energy and fatigue strength of EKF-ABS composite were observed to be better than those of the KF-ABS composite, and are maximum at 200°C.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42074739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1177/20412479221122271
Vijayalekshmi V, Poornima Vijayan P, M. Cd, Sabu Thomas
Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were isolated from raw cotton fibers via 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation process. The isolated CNF were morphologically characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Entangled fibrous morphology with diameter in nano regime (15–20 nm) has been observed for the isolated nanofibers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the high crystallinity of the isolated CNF. Further, the isolated CNF was used to reinforce natural rubber (NR) latex films. The crystallographic, morphological, and spectroscopic analysis of the NR/CNF nanocomposites was carried out. A strong interaction between the CNF and NR matrix has been identified and which reflects in the thermal stability and swelling behavior of NR/CNF nanocomposite films in toluene. The uniform dispersion and tangling effect of CNF along with strong NR-CNF interaction restrict the uptake of solvent through NR matrix.
{"title":"Understanding the role of TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber on natural rubber latex nanocomposites","authors":"Vijayalekshmi V, Poornima Vijayan P, M. Cd, Sabu Thomas","doi":"10.1177/20412479221122271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479221122271","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were isolated from raw cotton fibers via 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) oxidation process. The isolated CNF were morphologically characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Entangled fibrous morphology with diameter in nano regime (15–20 nm) has been observed for the isolated nanofibers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the high crystallinity of the isolated CNF. Further, the isolated CNF was used to reinforce natural rubber (NR) latex films. The crystallographic, morphological, and spectroscopic analysis of the NR/CNF nanocomposites was carried out. A strong interaction between the CNF and NR matrix has been identified and which reflects in the thermal stability and swelling behavior of NR/CNF nanocomposite films in toluene. The uniform dispersion and tangling effect of CNF along with strong NR-CNF interaction restrict the uptake of solvent through NR matrix.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41990721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-01DOI: 10.1177/20412479221122970
Kavindya Weerasinghe, S. Liyanage, U. Kumarasinghe, A. Cooray
Chitosan is a well-studied biomaterial which has been widely used for environmental applications as an efficient natural polymer for the adsorption and removal of metal ions. Owing to its unique properties, chitosan shows good metal-binding behavior toward several different metal ions such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+, and Ca2+. Chemical modifications with the introduction of functional groups have been carried out extensively and thereby producing various chitosan derivatives to increase the selectivity and adsorption capacity toward metal ions. The present work focuses on two such monofunctional derivatives, namely, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid chitosan (EDTA-CS) which have been recognized as excellent adsorbents for metal removal. The main objective of this study was to synthesize a new bifunctional chitosan derivative, namely, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid–carboxymethyl chitosan (EDTA-CMC) by attaching both carboxymethyl and EDTA functional groups on the polymer backbone and thereby enhancing its metal-binding properties. The bifunctional derivative synthesis was conducted by combining the procedures of synthesis of CMC and EDTA-CS. Newly synthesized EDTA-CMC derivative was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Adsorption properties of EDTA-CMC were investigated with Cu2+ ions which produced an adsorption capacity of 111.90 mg g−1 for 1000.0 mg/L and 12.20 mg g−1 for 10.00 mg/L Cu2+ solutions. The preliminary results revealed that EDTA-CMC is an effective adsorbent than CMC to remove Cu2+ in aqueous samples. The effects of pH, initial concentration, and mass of the adsorbent in the adsorption process were studied. Under the optimized parameters of an adsorbent dosage of 10.00 mg and pH 5.5, a comparable maximum adsorption capacity up to 112.44 mg g−1 was achieved with a 150.00 mg/L of Cu2+ solution. Furthermore, EDTA-CMC showed good adsorption performance even after five cycles of regeneration.
壳聚糖是一种被广泛研究的生物材料，作为一种高效的吸附和去除金属离子的天然聚合物，在环境领域得到了广泛的应用。由于其独特的性能，壳聚糖对Cu2+、Zn2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Co2+、Ca2+等多种金属离子具有良好的结合性能。引入官能团的化学修饰已被广泛地进行，从而产生了各种壳聚糖衍生物，以提高对金属离子的选择性和吸附能力。目前的研究重点是两种单功能衍生物，即羧甲基壳聚糖(CMC)和乙二胺四乙酸壳聚糖(EDTA-CS)，它们是公认的优异的金属去除吸附剂。本研究的主要目的是通过将羧甲基和EDTA官能团同时附着在聚合物主链上，从而提高其金属结合性能，合成一种新的双功能壳聚糖衍生物乙二胺四乙酸-羧甲基壳聚糖(EDTA- cmc)。结合CMC和EDTA-CS的合成工艺，进行了双功能衍生物的合成。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜和热重分析对新合成的EDTA-CMC衍生物进行了表征。研究了EDTA-CMC对Cu2+离子的吸附性能，对1000.0 mg/L Cu2+溶液的吸附量为111.90 mg g - 1，对10.00 mg/L Cu2+溶液的吸附量为12.20 mg g - 1。初步结果表明，EDTA-CMC对水中Cu2+的吸附效果优于CMC。研究了吸附剂的pH、初始浓度和质量对吸附过程的影响。在吸附剂用量为10.00 mg、pH为5.5的优化条件下，150.00 mg/L Cu2+溶液的吸附量可达112.44 mg g−1。此外，EDTA-CMC在5次再生后仍具有良好的吸附性能。
{"title":"Synthesis of a bifunctional EDTA–carboxymethyl chitosan derivative and its potential as an adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+ ions from aqueous solutions","authors":"Kavindya Weerasinghe, S. Liyanage, U. Kumarasinghe, A. Cooray","doi":"10.1177/20412479221122970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479221122970","url":null,"abstract":"Chitosan is a well-studied biomaterial which has been widely used for environmental applications as an efficient natural polymer for the adsorption and removal of metal ions. Owing to its unique properties, chitosan shows good metal-binding behavior toward several different metal ions such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Co2+, and Ca2+. Chemical modifications with the introduction of functional groups have been carried out extensively and thereby producing various chitosan derivatives to increase the selectivity and adsorption capacity toward metal ions. The present work focuses on two such monofunctional derivatives, namely, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid chitosan (EDTA-CS) which have been recognized as excellent adsorbents for metal removal. The main objective of this study was to synthesize a new bifunctional chitosan derivative, namely, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid–carboxymethyl chitosan (EDTA-CMC) by attaching both carboxymethyl and EDTA functional groups on the polymer backbone and thereby enhancing its metal-binding properties. The bifunctional derivative synthesis was conducted by combining the procedures of synthesis of CMC and EDTA-CS. Newly synthesized EDTA-CMC derivative was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Adsorption properties of EDTA-CMC were investigated with Cu2+ ions which produced an adsorption capacity of 111.90 mg g−1 for 1000.0 mg/L and 12.20 mg g−1 for 10.00 mg/L Cu2+ solutions. The preliminary results revealed that EDTA-CMC is an effective adsorbent than CMC to remove Cu2+ in aqueous samples. The effects of pH, initial concentration, and mass of the adsorbent in the adsorption process were studied. Under the optimized parameters of an adsorbent dosage of 10.00 mg and pH 5.5, a comparable maximum adsorption capacity up to 112.44 mg g−1 was achieved with a 150.00 mg/L of Cu2+ solution. Furthermore, EDTA-CMC showed good adsorption performance even after five cycles of regeneration.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47004579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-29DOI: 10.1177/20412479221112176
Enni Luoma, Teijo Rokkonen, Amélie Tribot, K. Nättinen, Jussi Lahtinen
Depleting fossil resources and plastic pollution have generated an increasing demand for development of renewable and biodegradable polymers. Among other applications, packaging films are at the forefront of the scene. Poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) is an interesting biopolymer due to its flexibility and good processability. However, its poor barrier properties limit the range of applications. On the contrary, poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biopolymer reveals good barrier performance, as well as stiffness and fast biodegradation rate. However, PHB drawbacks are its brittleness and difficult processability. By physical blending approach, a solution was delivered to overcome the shortcomings of these biopolymers, resulting in tailored properties of the films. PHB improved barrier performance of the blend film while flexible PBSA contributed to easier processability and better ductility. In this study, biobased and biodegradable blend films were produced in pilot-scale. The effects of PBSA/PHB blending were extensively studied by tensile testing, water and oxygen barrier testing, and thermal analysis. PBSA/PHB blend films exhibited improved Young’s modulus in comparison to neat PBSA. With 50 wt% PHB content, modulus of blend film was increased by 554% compared to pure PBSA film. The ductility of blend films decreased as a function of PHB content, becoming completely brittle at 50 wt%. It was found that barrier properties of PBSA/PHB films improved in comparison to neat PBSA. Oxygen transmission test results showed that oxygen permeability decreased as a function of PHB content. Similar trend was observed with water vapour permeation properties.
{"title":"Poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate)/poly(hydroxybutyrate) blend films and their thermal, mechanical and gas barrier properties","authors":"Enni Luoma, Teijo Rokkonen, Amélie Tribot, K. Nättinen, Jussi Lahtinen","doi":"10.1177/20412479221112176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479221112176","url":null,"abstract":"Depleting fossil resources and plastic pollution have generated an increasing demand for development of renewable and biodegradable polymers. Among other applications, packaging films are at the forefront of the scene. Poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) is an interesting biopolymer due to its flexibility and good processability. However, its poor barrier properties limit the range of applications. On the contrary, poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biopolymer reveals good barrier performance, as well as stiffness and fast biodegradation rate. However, PHB drawbacks are its brittleness and difficult processability. By physical blending approach, a solution was delivered to overcome the shortcomings of these biopolymers, resulting in tailored properties of the films. PHB improved barrier performance of the blend film while flexible PBSA contributed to easier processability and better ductility. In this study, biobased and biodegradable blend films were produced in pilot-scale. The effects of PBSA/PHB blending were extensively studied by tensile testing, water and oxygen barrier testing, and thermal analysis. PBSA/PHB blend films exhibited improved Young’s modulus in comparison to neat PBSA. With 50 wt% PHB content, modulus of blend film was increased by 554% compared to pure PBSA film. The ductility of blend films decreased as a function of PHB content, becoming completely brittle at 50 wt%. It was found that barrier properties of PBSA/PHB films improved in comparison to neat PBSA. Oxygen transmission test results showed that oxygen permeability decreased as a function of PHB content. Similar trend was observed with water vapour permeation properties.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42852166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-28DOI: 10.1177/20412479221109878
K. Radha, V. Gopalakrishnan, aarcha jayakumar
The present study focuses on fabrication of nanofibrous membrane to filter microbial aerosols using silver nanoparticles. Nanofibrous membrane was formed with silver nanoparticles (AgNp) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) using electro spinning technology. The optimized nanofibers were characterized for the effective formation, morphology, and thermal sensitivity using High Resolution Scanning Electron microscopy (HR-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Thermo gravimetric study (TGA). Chemical components present in the aqueous leaf extract that reduces the monovalent silver were identified using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. HR-SEM analysis confirmed homogenous fiber diameter with smooth surface for the obtained AgNPs-PVB membranes. The PVB loaded AgNPs have shown up to 19% weight loss at 956°C which was ascertained through TGA. Microbial loading on the filter, microbial survival, filtration efficiency, and antimicrobial efficiency of the fabricated membrane were evaluated. The fabricated membrane exhibited both bacterial and fungal filtration efficiency to an extent of 98.81% and 98.85%, respectively. Experimental data were compared theoretically using predicted mathematical model that established best fitting and was highly compatible.
{"title":"Experimental and theoretical validation of nano filters fabricated through green synthesized silver nanoparticles","authors":"K. Radha, V. Gopalakrishnan, aarcha jayakumar","doi":"10.1177/20412479221109878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479221109878","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on fabrication of nanofibrous membrane to filter microbial aerosols using silver nanoparticles. Nanofibrous membrane was formed with silver nanoparticles (AgNp) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) using electro spinning technology. The optimized nanofibers were characterized for the effective formation, morphology, and thermal sensitivity using High Resolution Scanning Electron microscopy (HR-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Thermo gravimetric study (TGA). Chemical components present in the aqueous leaf extract that reduces the monovalent silver were identified using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. HR-SEM analysis confirmed homogenous fiber diameter with smooth surface for the obtained AgNPs-PVB membranes. The PVB loaded AgNPs have shown up to 19% weight loss at 956°C which was ascertained through TGA. Microbial loading on the filter, microbial survival, filtration efficiency, and antimicrobial efficiency of the fabricated membrane were evaluated. The fabricated membrane exhibited both bacterial and fungal filtration efficiency to an extent of 98.81% and 98.85%, respectively. Experimental data were compared theoretically using predicted mathematical model that established best fitting and was highly compatible.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46114432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1177/20412479221107469
M. Khodadadi Yazdi, K. Jabbour, S. Sajadi, Amin Esmaeili
There are ever increasing concerns about environmental and health hazards of conventional synthetic polymers. These polymers are not sustainable because their production process relies on fossil-based feedstocks and energy sources. Economic benefits and beneficial physicochemical and mechanical properties have made synthetic polymers to be used in wide range of applications from packaging to biomedicine. On the other hand, modern chemistry has provided us with invaluable tools to make well-defined polymers with tailored properties which can be used in biomedical filed such as designing advanced drug delivery systems (DDSs). In fact, polymers are indispensable constituents of most of novel DDSs. However, sustainability concerns about raw materials and polymeric building blocks of such DDSs, remains unsolved. In addition, efficient and proper degradability of sustainable building blocks of DDSs is important for their clearance from human body. Accordingly, development of sustainable and biodegradable polymeric materials is highly demanding in development of sustainable DDSs. This perspective provides a general overview on sustainable polymers and highlights their potential applications in designing novel DDSs. Unsolved challenges and future prospects are discussed accompanied by offering potential solutions.
{"title":"Drug delivery systems based on renewable polymers: A conceptual short review","authors":"M. Khodadadi Yazdi, K. Jabbour, S. Sajadi, Amin Esmaeili","doi":"10.1177/20412479221107469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479221107469","url":null,"abstract":"There are ever increasing concerns about environmental and health hazards of conventional synthetic polymers. These polymers are not sustainable because their production process relies on fossil-based feedstocks and energy sources. Economic benefits and beneficial physicochemical and mechanical properties have made synthetic polymers to be used in wide range of applications from packaging to biomedicine. On the other hand, modern chemistry has provided us with invaluable tools to make well-defined polymers with tailored properties which can be used in biomedical filed such as designing advanced drug delivery systems (DDSs). In fact, polymers are indispensable constituents of most of novel DDSs. However, sustainability concerns about raw materials and polymeric building blocks of such DDSs, remains unsolved. In addition, efficient and proper degradability of sustainable building blocks of DDSs is important for their clearance from human body. Accordingly, development of sustainable and biodegradable polymeric materials is highly demanding in development of sustainable DDSs. This perspective provides a general overview on sustainable polymers and highlights their potential applications in designing novel DDSs. Unsolved challenges and future prospects are discussed accompanied by offering potential solutions.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44831219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1177/20412479221109909
Vikash M Ganvit, Rakesh K. Sharma
Nowadays, the use of non-edible vegetable oils as the raw material for polymer development is growing in interest because of the scarcity and high demand for crude oil and also because of its eco-friendly approach. The utilization of non-edible oil to synthesize the applicable polymers reduces the usage of petrochemicals. To eliminate the reliance on petrochemicals, it is important to search for and extract alternate and domestic non-edible oils suitable for the synthesis of polymeric materials. This is now a promising research approach. The outstanding feature of indigenous, non-edible Madhuca indica oil (MO) is its chemical structure, with unsaturated sites and esters that are considerable ingredient polyols for the development of polymers. This review discusses the origin, structure and extraction of MO and systematically focuses on the recently developed polymers using oil as a renewable source of polyols. We have briefly reviewed MO-based polymeric materials such as alkyd resins like pentaalkyds for scratch resistance, glycerol alkyds for fly-ash coating, pentalkyd LC resins for display coating applications and epoxies of MO for biological coating materials. Also, the important polyurethanes in the pathways of MO-based fatty amide are transformed into the polyetherimide polyols through a step-growth reaction with bisphenol-A or bisphenol derivatives, which again react with isocyanates to produce MO-based PU for excellent adhesion and coating applications. Another type of waterborne polyurethane is made from polyesteramides. These PU coatings are used in the paint and pigment industries. We reviewed their synthesis and widespread use in coatings and composites.
{"title":"Recent developments of Madhuca indica (Mahua) oil-based polymers: A mini review","authors":"Vikash M Ganvit, Rakesh K. Sharma","doi":"10.1177/20412479221109909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479221109909","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the use of non-edible vegetable oils as the raw material for polymer development is growing in interest because of the scarcity and high demand for crude oil and also because of its eco-friendly approach. The utilization of non-edible oil to synthesize the applicable polymers reduces the usage of petrochemicals. To eliminate the reliance on petrochemicals, it is important to search for and extract alternate and domestic non-edible oils suitable for the synthesis of polymeric materials. This is now a promising research approach. The outstanding feature of indigenous, non-edible Madhuca indica oil (MO) is its chemical structure, with unsaturated sites and esters that are considerable ingredient polyols for the development of polymers. This review discusses the origin, structure and extraction of MO and systematically focuses on the recently developed polymers using oil as a renewable source of polyols. We have briefly reviewed MO-based polymeric materials such as alkyd resins like pentaalkyds for scratch resistance, glycerol alkyds for fly-ash coating, pentalkyd LC resins for display coating applications and epoxies of MO for biological coating materials. Also, the important polyurethanes in the pathways of MO-based fatty amide are transformed into the polyetherimide polyols through a step-growth reaction with bisphenol-A or bisphenol derivatives, which again react with isocyanates to produce MO-based PU for excellent adhesion and coating applications. Another type of waterborne polyurethane is made from polyesteramides. These PU coatings are used in the paint and pigment industries. We reviewed their synthesis and widespread use in coatings and composites.","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43759333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1177/20412479221109875
Tairong Kuang, Amin Esmaeili, M. Ehsani
the proximal structure, composition, and components of the molecular chain. 40 Traditional polymer processing techniques, such as extrusion, injection molding, blow molding, compression molding and spinning, have mild effects on the morphological structure of polymeric materials. They are not able to signi fi
{"title":"Eco-friendly biodegradable polymers: Sustainable future","authors":"Tairong Kuang, Amin Esmaeili, M. Ehsani","doi":"10.1177/20412479221109875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20412479221109875","url":null,"abstract":"the proximal structure, composition, and components of the molecular chain. 40 Traditional polymer processing techniques, such as extrusion, injection molding, blow molding, compression molding and spinning, have mild effects on the morphological structure of polymeric materials. They are not able to signi fi","PeriodicalId":20353,"journal":{"name":"Polymers from Renewable Resources","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47498035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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