The increasing ecological degradation, institutional challenges, and socioeconomic vulnerabilities have compelled policymakers to promote climate‐resilient land management practices. However, multiple factors hinder the implementation of effective resilience strategies. Therefore, this study presents a structured decision‐making framework for assessing and prioritizing factors that influence climate‐resilient land management in China. In the first phase, 6 key criteria and 24 sub‐criteria were identified through a comprehensive literature review. In the second phase, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to assign weights and rank the importance of these factors. The findings revealed that institutional capacity, economic viability, and soil stability are the most critical determinants. Finally, 10 strategic interventions were evaluated using the Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to determine their relative effectiveness. The results showed that policy harmonization, capacity building, and carbon‐smart incentives ranked highest among the proposed strategies. These insights offer practical implications for advancing climate‐resilient land governance in China.
{"title":"Integrating Climate Resilience Into Sustainable Land Management: A Strategy to Combat Land Degradation","authors":"Wenjuan Li, Wen Fang, Yahui Hu","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70279","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing ecological degradation, institutional challenges, and socioeconomic vulnerabilities have compelled policymakers to promote climate‐resilient land management practices. However, multiple factors hinder the implementation of effective resilience strategies. Therefore, this study presents a structured decision‐making framework for assessing and prioritizing factors that influence climate‐resilient land management in China. In the first phase, 6 key criteria and 24 sub‐criteria were identified through a comprehensive literature review. In the second phase, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to assign weights and rank the importance of these factors. The findings revealed that institutional capacity, economic viability, and soil stability are the most critical determinants. Finally, 10 strategic interventions were evaluated using the Fuzzy Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to determine their relative effectiveness. The results showed that policy harmonization, capacity building, and carbon‐smart incentives ranked highest among the proposed strategies. These insights offer practical implications for advancing climate‐resilient land governance in China.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145434243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mubashar Hussain Chaudhry, Muhammad Saleem Arif, Tahira Yasmeen, Muhammad Riaz, Anjum Zahid
Transitional drylands are anthropogenically fragile and climate‐susceptible land surfaces situated across sub‐humid, arid and semi‐arid ecosystems worldwide. Understanding land use dynamics is essential for food security and soil conservation, particularly in ecologically vulnerable ecosystems such as transitional drylands. Maintaining optimal soil nitrogen (N) fertility is a major challenge in intensive land use scenarios on these drylands. At the same time, understanding how soil N and associated soil functions respond to different land‐use changes is crucial for developing sustainable nitrogen management strategies. This study investigates the changes in soil N fertility and associated key ecosystem functions in topsoil (0–15 cm) and subsoil (15–30 cm) by comparing three land‐use systems along 5‐, 10‐ and 18‐year chronosequences: (i) groundnut (native land use), (ii) olive without cover crop (olive − CC) and (iii) olive with cover crop (olive + CC). Our results showed that long‐term integration of olive + CC, particularly after 18 years, led to the most noticeable decrease in soil pH and bulk density (BD). In contrast, we observed significantly higher water extractable organic carbon (WEOC), pentose (plant derived‐C), hexose (microbe derived‐C) and soil enzyme activities (i.e., dehydrogenase, urease and protease) in olive + CC compared to either groundnut or olive − CC. For total N stocks, the olive − CC showed a consistent decline (≈30% in topsoil; 27% in subsoil from 5 to 18 years), indicating progressive N depletion without organic inputs. In contrast, olive + CC restored soil N fertility with the highest N stocks after 18 years, including total N (131.58 kg N ha −1 in topsoil; 222.10 kg N ha −1 in subsoil), greater soil NO 3 ‐N and NH 4+ ‐N stocks at all depths, and a significant increase in organic N and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), especially in subsoil after 18 years. Regardless of soil depth, the mineral N stock under olive + CC increased steadily over 18 years, whereas changes under olive − CC were not significant. Furthermore, the regressions highlight the importance of both the quantity and quality of WEOC, which decisively influence soil N multifunctionality, especially through the additive effects of olive + CC. Overall, our study provides empirical evidence that long‐term diversification of olive orchards with cover crops is a practical, time‐dependent strategy to restore and improve soil nitrogen fertility in transitional drylands.
过渡性旱地是人类活动造成的脆弱和气候敏感的地表，分布在世界各地的半湿润、干旱和半干旱生态系统中。了解土地利用动态对粮食安全和土壤保持至关重要，特别是在过渡性旱地等生态脆弱的生态系统中。在这些旱地土地集约利用情景下，保持最佳土壤氮(N)肥力是主要挑战。同时，了解土壤氮和相关土壤功能如何响应不同的土地利用变化，对于制定可持续的氮管理策略至关重要。本研究通过比较5年、10年和18年三种土地利用系统的时间序列，研究了表层土壤（0-15 cm）和底土（15-30 cm）土壤氮肥力的变化及其相关的关键生态系统功能：(i)花生（原生土地利用），（ii）无覆盖作物的橄榄（橄榄- CC）和（iii）有覆盖作物的橄榄（橄榄+ CC）。结果表明，橄榄+ CC的长期整合，特别是在18年后，导致土壤pH和容重（BD）最显著的下降。相比之下，与花生或橄榄- CC相比，橄榄+ CC的水可提取有机碳（WEOC）、戊糖（植物来源的‐C）、己糖（微生物来源的‐C）和土壤酶活性（脱氢酶、脲酶和蛋白酶）显著更高。就总氮储量而言，橄榄- CC在5至18年间呈现持续下降（表层土壤≈30%，底土27%），表明在没有有机投入的情况下，氮逐渐枯竭。相比之下，橄榄+ CC在18年后以最高的N储量恢复土壤N肥力，包括总N（表层土壤131.58 kg N ha - 1，底土222.10 kg N ha - 1），所有深度的土壤no3 - N和nh4 + - N储量均增加，有机N和微生物生物量氮（MBN）在18年后显著增加，尤其是底土。无论土层深度如何，橄榄树+ CC处理下矿质氮储量在18年内稳步增加，而橄榄树−CC处理下变化不显著。此外，回归结果强调了WEOC的数量和质量的重要性，这对土壤氮的多功能性具有决定性影响，特别是通过橄榄+ CC的加性效应。总体而言，我们的研究提供了经验证据，表明橄榄园与覆盖作物的长期多样化是恢复和提高过渡性旱地土壤氮肥力的一种实用的、依赖于时间的策略。
{"title":"Long‐Term Integration of Cover Crops in Olive Orchards Restores Soil Nitrogen Fertility on Transitional Drylands","authors":"Mubashar Hussain Chaudhry, Muhammad Saleem Arif, Tahira Yasmeen, Muhammad Riaz, Anjum Zahid","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70273","url":null,"abstract":"Transitional drylands are anthropogenically fragile and climate‐susceptible land surfaces situated across sub‐humid, arid and semi‐arid ecosystems worldwide. Understanding land use dynamics is essential for food security and soil conservation, particularly in ecologically vulnerable ecosystems such as transitional drylands. Maintaining optimal soil nitrogen (N) fertility is a major challenge in intensive land use scenarios on these drylands. At the same time, understanding how soil N and associated soil functions respond to different land‐use changes is crucial for developing sustainable nitrogen management strategies. This study investigates the changes in soil N fertility and associated key ecosystem functions in topsoil (0–15 cm) and subsoil (15–30 cm) by comparing three land‐use systems along 5‐, 10‐ and 18‐year chronosequences: (i) groundnut (native land use), (ii) olive without cover crop (olive − CC) and (iii) olive with cover crop (olive + CC). Our results showed that long‐term integration of olive + CC, particularly after 18 years, led to the most noticeable decrease in soil pH and bulk density (BD). In contrast, we observed significantly higher water extractable organic carbon (WEOC), pentose (plant derived‐C), hexose (microbe derived‐C) and soil enzyme activities (i.e., dehydrogenase, urease and protease) in olive + CC compared to either groundnut or olive − CC. For total N stocks, the olive − CC showed a consistent decline (≈30% in topsoil; 27% in subsoil from 5 to 18 years), indicating progressive N depletion without organic inputs. In contrast, olive + CC restored soil N fertility with the highest N stocks after 18 years, including total N (131.58 kg N ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> in topsoil; 222.10 kg N ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> in subsoil), greater soil NO <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> ‐N and NH <jats:sub>4</jats:sub> <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ‐N stocks at all depths, and a significant increase in organic N and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), especially in subsoil after 18 years. Regardless of soil depth, the mineral N stock under olive + CC increased steadily over 18 years, whereas changes under olive − CC were not significant. Furthermore, the regressions highlight the importance of both the quantity and quality of WEOC, which decisively influence soil N multifunctionality, especially through the additive effects of olive + CC. Overall, our study provides empirical evidence that long‐term diversification of olive orchards with cover crops is a practical, time‐dependent strategy to restore and improve soil nitrogen fertility in transitional drylands.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While long‐term film mulching has consistently increased crop yields, it has also contributed to land degradation, prompting adjustments in straw returning rates. However, the responses of soil organic carbon (SOC) and structure to optimal straw returning rates are in need of a deeper understanding. Here, we examined the effects of soil structure, SOC dynamics, and maize productivity under long‐term film mulching with varying straw return rates (0, 6000, 12,000, and 18,000 kg ha −1 ) in semi‐arid farmland. The SOC and particulate organic carbon (POC) content both reduced after long‐term film mulching. The varying changes of soil aggregation processes caused by different straw returning rates, which in turn affect the distribution of soil aggregates, particularly the proportion of > 0.25 mm aggregates. The effects of different straw return rates on crop yield were mainly driven by changes in organic carbon pools (microbial biomass and dissolved organic carbon), resulting from nutrient inputs that stimulated microbial growth. Higher straw return rates have promoted the stratification of SOC and modified the proportional distribution of organic carbon fractions. These changes have directly and indirectly increased maize yield by 21% and economic benefits by 15%. Based on the total application of straw in dryland farming systems, increasing the straw application rate to 18,000 kg ha −1 resulted in a synergistic improvement in SOC content, soil structure and economic benefits.
虽然长期地膜覆盖持续提高了作物产量，但它也导致了土地退化，促使秸秆还田率进行调整。然而，土壤有机碳（SOC）和结构对最佳秸秆还田率的响应还有待进一步研究。本文研究了半干旱农田长期地膜覆盖下不同秸秆还田率（0、6000、12000和18000 kg ha - 1）对土壤结构、有机碳动态和玉米生产力的影响。长期覆膜后土壤有机碳（SOC）和颗粒有机碳（POC）含量均降低。不同秸秆还田率导致土壤团聚体过程的不同变化，进而影响土壤团聚体的分布，尤其是0.25 mm团聚体的比例。不同秸秆还田率对作物产量的影响主要由有机碳库（微生物生物量和溶解有机碳）的变化驱动，这是养分投入刺激微生物生长的结果。较高的秸秆还田率促进了土壤有机碳的分层，改变了有机碳组分的比例分布。这些变化直接或间接地使玉米产量提高了21%，经济效益提高了15%。以旱地秸秆总施用量为基础，增加秸秆施用量至1.8万kg ha - 1，土壤有机碳含量、土壤结构和经济效益均有协同改善。
{"title":"Optimal Straw Return Rate to Ensure Synergistic Improvement of Maize Productivity and Soil Nutrients: A Case Study in Semiarid Region","authors":"Weijun Zhang, Jinshang He, Mengjie Zhang, Almabek Nugmanov, Enke Liu, Xiaolong Ren, Zhikuan Jia, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Yuhao Wang, Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70286","url":null,"abstract":"While long‐term film mulching has consistently increased crop yields, it has also contributed to land degradation, prompting adjustments in straw returning rates. However, the responses of soil organic carbon (SOC) and structure to optimal straw returning rates are in need of a deeper understanding. Here, we examined the effects of soil structure, SOC dynamics, and maize productivity under long‐term film mulching with varying straw return rates (0, 6000, 12,000, and 18,000 kg ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) in semi‐arid farmland. The SOC and particulate organic carbon (POC) content both reduced after long‐term film mulching. The varying changes of soil aggregation processes caused by different straw returning rates, which in turn affect the distribution of soil aggregates, particularly the proportion of > 0.25 mm aggregates. The effects of different straw return rates on crop yield were mainly driven by changes in organic carbon pools (microbial biomass and dissolved organic carbon), resulting from nutrient inputs that stimulated microbial growth. Higher straw return rates have promoted the stratification of SOC and modified the proportional distribution of organic carbon fractions. These changes have directly and indirectly increased maize yield by 21% and economic benefits by 15%. Based on the total application of straw in dryland farming systems, increasing the straw application rate to 18,000 kg ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> resulted in a synergistic improvement in SOC content, soil structure and economic benefits.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145427719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Izhar Ali, Zhu Zeng, Saif Ullah, Shaoming Ye, Tong Wu, Yuanyuan Xu, Mei Yang
Monocultures of Eucalyptus urophylla × E. grandis can negatively impact soil and forest ecosystems. Mixed plantations with thinning practices are proposed to improve soil fertility, though their effects on soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and microbial functions are not well understood. We conducted an experiment on Eucalyptus forests (planted in 2008) with varying thinning intensities (D1 = no thinning, D2 = 60% thinning, D3 = 70% thinning, and D4 = 85% thinning) and stand types (pure forest [PF] and mixed forest [MF]) to assess soil quality at depths of 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm. Results showed significant increases in soil carbon stocks across various organic carbon fractions and microbial activity, including total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), resistant organic carbon (ROC), light fraction carbon (LFC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), with increases of 65%, 97%, 149%, 111%, 87%, and 30% in D3 and MF treatments compared to PF. Additionally, total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO 3− ‐N), ammonium nitrogen (NH 4+ ‐N), and microbial biomass N also significantly increased in D3 under MF treatment. Thinning up to 70% enhanced soil enzyme activities and populations of cellulose‐decomposing and ammonifying bacteria in MF. Positive correlations were found between soil physiochemical properties and these bacteria. Overall, our findings indicate that mixed plantations in Eucalyptus forests enhance soil functions, structure, biochemical attributes, and nutrient cycling, informing forest management in subtropical regions.
{"title":"Impacts of Long‐Term Thinning and Mixed Plantation Practices of Broadleaf Trees on Soil Carbon, Nitrogen Dynamics, and Microbial Function in Eucalyptus Forests","authors":"Izhar Ali, Zhu Zeng, Saif Ullah, Shaoming Ye, Tong Wu, Yuanyuan Xu, Mei Yang","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70275","url":null,"abstract":"Monocultures of <jats:italic>Eucalyptus urophylla</jats:italic> × <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>E. grandis</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> can negatively impact soil and forest ecosystems. Mixed plantations with thinning practices are proposed to improve soil fertility, though their effects on soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and microbial functions are not well understood. We conducted an experiment on <jats:italic>Eucalyptus</jats:italic> forests (planted in 2008) with varying thinning intensities (D1 = no thinning, D2 = 60% thinning, D3 = 70% thinning, and D4 = 85% thinning) and stand types (pure forest [PF] and mixed forest [MF]) to assess soil quality at depths of 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm. Results showed significant increases in soil carbon stocks across various organic carbon fractions and microbial activity, including total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), resistant organic carbon (ROC), light fraction carbon (LFC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC), with increases of 65%, 97%, 149%, 111%, 87%, and 30% in D3 and MF treatments compared to PF. Additionally, total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NO <jats:sub>3</jats:sub> <jats:sup>−</jats:sup> ‐N), ammonium nitrogen (NH <jats:sub>4</jats:sub> <jats:sup>+</jats:sup> ‐N), and microbial biomass N also significantly increased in D3 under MF treatment. Thinning up to 70% enhanced soil enzyme activities and populations of cellulose‐decomposing and ammonifying bacteria in MF. Positive correlations were found between soil physiochemical properties and these bacteria. Overall, our findings indicate that mixed plantations in <jats:italic>Eucalyptus</jats:italic> forests enhance soil functions, structure, biochemical attributes, and nutrient cycling, informing forest management in subtropical regions.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145404922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. M. S. Tomar, Anupam Barh, Aman Dabral, Dinesh Jinger, Deepika Rawat, Rajesh Kaushal, N. Nandha Kumar, Vijay Singh Meena, A. R. Uthappa, Shinny Thakur, M. Madhu
Intensive farming is a critical factor in global food security that causes soil erosion and biodiversity loss. This has made it increasingly important to restore degraded and marginal lands due to the threat to land resources from unsustainable methods, industrialization, urbanization, and pollution. Present approaches to rehabilitating impaired lands—physical, chemical, and biological—are often expensive and cannot be sustained without advanced technology. Therefore, we hypothesized that reclaiming degraded land ecologically through aromatic plants (APs) would significantly improve soil health. Hence, the objectives were (a) to identify suitable APs in reclaiming degraded lands, and (b) to test the potentiality of APs to restore the degraded lands. Hence, we conducted an extensive review on APs and their role in land rehabilitation through the PRISMA approach. Through an extensive bibliometric analysis of 130 selected studies, we assessed the roles of APs in improving soil health, stabilizing soils, and enhancing ecosystem services. The results revealed that a promising option is to use fast‐growing non‐edible plants with deep roots that stabilize metals; this offer is both economical and green. Among them are aromatic crops sought after across various industries because they survive even in the harsh conditions of degraded lands. The review reveals that APs have potential in enhancing carbon sequestration (5.38 to 15.2 t ha −1 ) and reducing soil loss and runoff by 30%–54% and 60%–80%, respectively, besides mitigating abiotic stresses like heavy metal, salinity, and drought. This study raises the issue of integrating APs into land management strategies to achieve land degradation neutrality, as targeted by India under the Paris Agreement by 2030. It highlights the importance of policy frameworks, scientific research, and community involvement in promoting the use of APs for ecological restoration. The findings advocate for a focused approach to utilizing APs in degraded landscapes, providing valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and land managers to enhance the sustainability of land use practices and support the circular economy.
{"title":"Degraded Land Restoration Through Aromatic Plants in India: A Nature‐Based Solution","authors":"J. M. S. Tomar, Anupam Barh, Aman Dabral, Dinesh Jinger, Deepika Rawat, Rajesh Kaushal, N. Nandha Kumar, Vijay Singh Meena, A. R. Uthappa, Shinny Thakur, M. Madhu","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70261","url":null,"abstract":"Intensive farming is a critical factor in global food security that causes soil erosion and biodiversity loss. This has made it increasingly important to restore degraded and marginal lands due to the threat to land resources from unsustainable methods, industrialization, urbanization, and pollution. Present approaches to rehabilitating impaired lands—physical, chemical, and biological—are often expensive and cannot be sustained without advanced technology. Therefore, we hypothesized that reclaiming degraded land ecologically through aromatic plants (APs) would significantly improve soil health. Hence, the objectives were (a) to identify suitable APs in reclaiming degraded lands, and (b) to test the potentiality of APs to restore the degraded lands. Hence, we conducted an extensive review on APs and their role in land rehabilitation through the PRISMA approach. Through an extensive bibliometric analysis of 130 selected studies, we assessed the roles of APs in improving soil health, stabilizing soils, and enhancing ecosystem services. The results revealed that a promising option is to use fast‐growing non‐edible plants with deep roots that stabilize metals; this offer is both economical and green. Among them are aromatic crops sought after across various industries because they survive even in the harsh conditions of degraded lands. The review reveals that APs have potential in enhancing carbon sequestration (5.38 to 15.2 t ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) and reducing soil loss and runoff by 30%–54% and 60%–80%, respectively, besides mitigating abiotic stresses like heavy metal, salinity, and drought. This study raises the issue of integrating APs into land management strategies to achieve land degradation neutrality, as targeted by India under the Paris Agreement by 2030. It highlights the importance of policy frameworks, scientific research, and community involvement in promoting the use of APs for ecological restoration. The findings advocate for a focused approach to utilizing APs in degraded landscapes, providing valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and land managers to enhance the sustainability of land use practices and support the circular economy.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145396763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodrigo Nobre Santana, Luíza Maria Affonso Lopes da Silva, Sady Júnior Martins da Costa Menezes, Getúlio Fonseca Domingues, Carlos Antônio Alvares Soares Ribeiro, Plinio Antonio Guerra Filho, Alexandre Rosa dos Santos
The Turvo River Watershed, located in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais and part of the Doce River Basin, faces serious problems of erosion and soil degradation, which compromise and reduce the quality of local water resources. Given this scenario, it is essential to implement environmental recovery strategies that prioritize the efficient allocation of vegetation zones, which serve as effective agents in reducing erosion caused by surface runoff in areas with exposed soil. The use of geotechnology tools, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Unit Stream Power‐Based Erosion Deposition (USPED) model, helps identify areas most susceptible to sediment loss and deposition. Additionally, the application of Genetic Algorithms (GA) to maximize scenario simulations and optimize the placement of vegetation zones is crucial for minimizing erosion rates and achieving results more quickly and accurately. The results indicated that, among the simulated scenarios, erosion and deposition values remained mostly below 0.10 t ha −1 year −1 , characterizing low soil loss. The application of GA reduced erosion by up to 53.85% in the most efficient scenario and increased forest cover by approximately 66.5%, demonstrating its effectiveness in precision environmental restoration. This methodology proved to be useful and applicable to any watershed, serving as an effective tool for environmental management, erosion and sediment deposition studies, and monitoring of natural resources.
图尔沃河流域位于米纳斯吉拉斯州的Zona da Mata地区和多塞河流域的一部分，面临着侵蚀和土壤退化的严重问题，这损害并降低了当地水资源的质量。在这种情况下，必须实施环境恢复战略，优先考虑植被带的有效分配，这是减少土壤暴露地区地表径流造成的侵蚀的有效手段。使用地理信息系统（GIS）和基于单位流功率的侵蚀沉积（USPED）模型等地质技术工具，有助于确定最容易发生沉积物损失和沉积的区域。此外，应用遗传算法（GA）来最大化情景模拟和优化植被带的放置对于最小化侵蚀速率和更快、更准确地获得结果至关重要。结果表明，在不同的模拟情景中，侵蚀和沉积值大多保持在0.10 tha−1 year−1以下，土壤流失量较小。在最有效情景下，遗传算法的应用减少了53.85%的侵蚀，增加了约66.5%的森林覆盖率，显示了其在精确环境恢复中的有效性。这种方法证明是有用的，适用于任何流域，是环境管理、侵蚀和沉积物沉积研究以及监测自然资源的有效工具。
{"title":"Precision Restoration to Minimize Soil Loss in a Watershed in the Atlantic Forest Domain","authors":"Rodrigo Nobre Santana, Luíza Maria Affonso Lopes da Silva, Sady Júnior Martins da Costa Menezes, Getúlio Fonseca Domingues, Carlos Antônio Alvares Soares Ribeiro, Plinio Antonio Guerra Filho, Alexandre Rosa dos Santos","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70270","url":null,"abstract":"The Turvo River Watershed, located in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais and part of the Doce River Basin, faces serious problems of erosion and soil degradation, which compromise and reduce the quality of local water resources. Given this scenario, it is essential to implement environmental recovery strategies that prioritize the efficient allocation of vegetation zones, which serve as effective agents in reducing erosion caused by surface runoff in areas with exposed soil. The use of geotechnology tools, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Unit Stream Power‐Based Erosion Deposition (USPED) model, helps identify areas most susceptible to sediment loss and deposition. Additionally, the application of Genetic Algorithms (GA) to maximize scenario simulations and optimize the placement of vegetation zones is crucial for minimizing erosion rates and achieving results more quickly and accurately. The results indicated that, among the simulated scenarios, erosion and deposition values remained mostly below 0.10 t ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> year <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> , characterizing low soil loss. The application of GA reduced erosion by up to 53.85% in the most efficient scenario and increased forest cover by approximately 66.5%, demonstrating its effectiveness in precision environmental restoration. This methodology proved to be useful and applicable to any watershed, serving as an effective tool for environmental management, erosion and sediment deposition studies, and monitoring of natural resources.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145396762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Land use change has been demonstrated to be a key driver of soil acidification. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the interfering factors that continue to exacerbate soil acidification following land use change. Here, we compiled a soil pH dataset, including data from the Second National Soil Survey (1980s) and China Soil Series Survey (2010s), and employed a combined approach of machine learning and analysis of variance to elucidate the spatial variability of soil acidification and its influencing factors in subtropical China over the past 30 years under the context of land use change. The results indicated that over the three decades, both topsoil (0–20 cm) and subsoil (20–40 cm) have experienced severe acidification. Soil acidification following the conversion of agricultural land (paddy field and dryland) to woodland depends on the buffering capacity of the parent material. The interaction between land use change and nitrogen input (nitrogen deposition and nitrogen fertilizer application) significantly affected soil pH changes in the topsoil. Specifically, when the nitrogen input decreased by more than 50 kg N ha −1 year −1 , soil pH of woodland converted to agricultural land increased, i.e., acidification was reversed. Our study results support the pursuit of a balance among agricultural land, tillage management, and climate change under the condition of stabilizing soil fertility, from which policymakers and farmers can benefit.
土地利用变化已被证明是土壤酸化的关键驱动因素。然而，对土地利用变化后持续加剧土壤酸化的干扰因素缺乏系统的研究。基于第二次全国土壤调查（1980年代）和中国土壤系列调查（2010年代）的土壤pH数据，采用机器学习和方差分析相结合的方法，对土地利用变化背景下近30年来中国亚热带土壤酸化的空间变异性及其影响因素进行了分析。结果表明：近30年来，表层土壤（0 ~ 20 cm）和底土（20 ~ 40 cm）均发生了严重的酸化。农田（水田和旱地）转化为林地后的土壤酸化取决于母质的缓冲能力。土地利用变化与氮输入（氮沉降和氮肥施用）的交互作用显著影响表层土壤pH值的变化。具体而言，当氮素输入减少超过50 kg N ha−1年−1时，林地转化为农用地的土壤pH值增加，即酸化逆转。我们的研究结果支持在稳定土壤肥力的条件下追求农业用地、耕作管理和气候变化之间的平衡，从而使政策制定者和农民受益。
{"title":"Magnitude and Causes of Three Decades of Subtropical Soil Acidification After Land Use Change","authors":"Hui‐Ying Wen, Zheng Sun, Hua‐Yong Wu, Yue‐Ming Hu, Gan‐Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70243","url":null,"abstract":"Land use change has been demonstrated to be a key driver of soil acidification. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the interfering factors that continue to exacerbate soil acidification following land use change. Here, we compiled a soil pH dataset, including data from the Second National Soil Survey (1980s) and China Soil Series Survey (2010s), and employed a combined approach of machine learning and analysis of variance to elucidate the spatial variability of soil acidification and its influencing factors in subtropical China over the past 30 years under the context of land use change. The results indicated that over the three decades, both topsoil (0–20 cm) and subsoil (20–40 cm) have experienced severe acidification. Soil acidification following the conversion of agricultural land (paddy field and dryland) to woodland depends on the buffering capacity of the parent material. The interaction between land use change and nitrogen input (nitrogen deposition and nitrogen fertilizer application) significantly affected soil pH changes in the topsoil. Specifically, when the nitrogen input decreased by more than 50 kg N ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> year <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> , soil pH of woodland converted to agricultural land increased, i.e., acidification was reversed. Our study results support the pursuit of a balance among agricultural land, tillage management, and climate change under the condition of stabilizing soil fertility, from which policymakers and farmers can benefit.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145396761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomáš Matys Grygar, Michaela Königová, Slavomír Adamec, Gabriela Bílková, Petr Vorm, Věra Hýlová
A stable vegetation cover on given habitat conditions can be one of the possible requirements for post-mining sites, as it can prevent erosion and dustiness of these anthropogenic surfaces and bring several practical future benefits, such as biomass production and microclimate improvement. The aim of this work was to evaluate nutrient sufficiency for trees in spoil heaps following coal mining in the Czech Republic, Central Europe. To achieve this aim, nutrient concentration dynamics in the foliage of deciduous trees common on spoil heaps was monitored during the 2024 growing season and compared to the nutrient content of the spoil heap substrates. The spoil heaps are indeed commonly poor in phosphorus (available and reserve) and magnesium (reserve). The goal was to assess whether nutrient insufficiency can be detected by (i) nutrient management by plants through resorption from leaves before senescence, and (ii) excessive uptake of indicator elements manganese and zinc far above plant needs. The autumn nutrient resorption is much smaller than the spring decrease after leaf emergence (for phosphorus and potassium) or the whole-season dynamics (potassium and magnesium). Uptake of indicator elements signifies low nutrient availability and/or low pH in species that facultatively accumulate excess Mn (alder, aspen, birch, hornbeam, lindens, Norway maple, poplar) and Zn (aspen, birch, poplar, willows). The low availability of phosphorus and magnesium is evidenced by low foliar concentrations of these macronutrients in summer (for phosphorus and potassium) and by a rapid decrease in nutrient content in summer (for phosphorus). The examined spoil heaps would not require amelioration unless high biomass production was desired; however, vegetation resilience to climatic extremes under nutrient stress might be weakened.
{"title":"Nutrition Status of Trees on Spoil Heaps After Coal Mining Can Be Inferred From Seasonal Dynamics of Foliar Nutrient Concentrations","authors":"Tomáš Matys Grygar, Michaela Königová, Slavomír Adamec, Gabriela Bílková, Petr Vorm, Věra Hýlová","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70260","url":null,"abstract":"A stable vegetation cover on given habitat conditions can be one of the possible requirements for post-mining sites, as it can prevent erosion and dustiness of these anthropogenic surfaces and bring several practical future benefits, such as biomass production and microclimate improvement. The aim of this work was to evaluate nutrient sufficiency for trees in spoil heaps following coal mining in the Czech Republic, Central Europe. To achieve this aim, nutrient concentration dynamics in the foliage of deciduous trees common on spoil heaps was monitored during the 2024 growing season and compared to the nutrient content of the spoil heap substrates. The spoil heaps are indeed commonly poor in phosphorus (available and reserve) and magnesium (reserve). The goal was to assess whether nutrient insufficiency can be detected by (i) nutrient management by plants through resorption from leaves before senescence, and (ii) excessive uptake of indicator elements manganese and zinc far above plant needs. The autumn nutrient resorption is much smaller than the spring decrease after leaf emergence (for phosphorus and potassium) or the whole-season dynamics (potassium and magnesium). Uptake of indicator elements signifies low nutrient availability and/or low pH in species that facultatively accumulate excess Mn (alder, aspen, birch, hornbeam, lindens, Norway maple, poplar) and Zn (aspen, birch, poplar, willows). The low availability of phosphorus and magnesium is evidenced by low foliar concentrations of these macronutrients in summer (for phosphorus and potassium) and by a rapid decrease in nutrient content in summer (for phosphorus). The examined spoil heaps would not require amelioration unless high biomass production was desired; however, vegetation resilience to climatic extremes under nutrient stress might be weakened.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145404905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cropland abandonment increasingly becomes a major concern for food security, but few scholars have assessed the role of agricultural subsidy reform in cropland abandonment. Using CLDS large-scale farmer panel data, we adopt a PSM-DID model to explore the link between agricultural subsidy reform and cropland abandonment. We find that agricultural subsidy reform significantly reduced cropland abandonment, resulting in a 1.7% decrease in the proportion of cropland abandoned by farmers. The effect is mainly achieved by improving the availability of agricultural subsidies. However, this effect is also moderated by agricultural comparative income and land titling and does not hold for farmers living in mountainous areas or lacking agricultural machinery. These insights into the role of agricultural subsidy reform in cropland abandonment can be leveraged to ensure food security in various countries.
{"title":"Making Up for the Deficiency: The Role of Agricultural Subsidy Reform in Cropland Abandonment","authors":"Linyi Zheng, Bin Yan, Wenrong Qian","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70278","url":null,"abstract":"Cropland abandonment increasingly becomes a major concern for food security, but few scholars have assessed the role of agricultural subsidy reform in cropland abandonment. Using CLDS large-scale farmer panel data, we adopt a PSM-DID model to explore the link between agricultural subsidy reform and cropland abandonment. We find that agricultural subsidy reform significantly reduced cropland abandonment, resulting in a 1.7% decrease in the proportion of cropland abandoned by farmers. The effect is mainly achieved by improving the availability of agricultural subsidies. However, this effect is also moderated by agricultural comparative income and land titling and does not hold for farmers living in mountainous areas or lacking agricultural machinery. These insights into the role of agricultural subsidy reform in cropland abandonment can be leveraged to ensure food security in various countries.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145404906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhu Jinhui, Xiaoli Wang, Xinquan Zhao, Erastus Mak‐Mensah, Ma Yushou, Ma Yuan
Grazing is one of the main causes of grassland degradation, yet its impact on soil microbial diversity, fertility, and biomass remains insufficiently quantified globally. Here, we conducted a meta‐analysis of 48 independent field studies from Asian grasslands to evaluate the effects of heavy grazing on soil microbial communities, soil fertility, and plant biomass. Our results revealed that heavy grazing consistently decreased bacterial richness significantly (Chao1 decreased by ~210 LRR, 95% CI: −320 to −100), while fungal Shannon diversity increased modestly (15 LRR, 95% CI: 5 to 25), indicating divergent microbial sensitivities to grazing pressure. Soil fertility indicators, including total nitrogen (−1.8 g kg −1 ) and soil organic carbon (−2.1 g kg −1 ) decreased significantly under heavy grazing. In contrast, aboveground biomass increased significantly (18 g m −2 ), reflecting compensatory growth. These findings highlight a trade‐off between aboveground productivity and belowground nutrient pools under heavy grazing. Thus, this study provides the first large‐scale synthesis of microbial, soil, and biomass responses to heavy grazing in Asian grasslands, emphasizing the need for improved understanding of how grazing intensity restructures grassland ecosystems above‐ and belowground.
放牧是草地退化的主要原因之一，但其对土壤微生物多样性、肥力和生物量的影响在全球范围内仍未得到充分量化。在这里，我们对来自亚洲草原的48个独立的实地研究进行了荟萃分析，以评估重度放牧对土壤微生物群落、土壤肥力和植物生物量的影响。结果表明，重度放牧持续显著降低细菌丰富度（Chao1减少约210 LRR， 95% CI:−320 ~−100），而真菌Shannon多样性适度增加（15 LRR, 95% CI: 5 ~ 25），表明微生物对放牧压力的敏感性存在差异。全氮（−1.8 g kg−1）和土壤有机碳（−2.1 g kg−1）在重度放牧条件下显著降低。相比之下，地上生物量显著增加（18 g m−2），反映了补偿性生长。这些发现强调了在重度放牧下地上生产力和地下养分池之间的权衡。因此，本研究首次大规模地综合了亚洲草原微生物、土壤和生物量对重度放牧的响应，强调了对放牧强度如何重构地上和地下草地生态系统的理解的必要性。
{"title":"Heavy Grazing Alters Soil Microbial Diversity, Fertility, and Biomass in Asian Grasslands: A Meta‐Analysis","authors":"Zhu Jinhui, Xiaoli Wang, Xinquan Zhao, Erastus Mak‐Mensah, Ma Yushou, Ma Yuan","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70198","url":null,"abstract":"Grazing is one of the main causes of grassland degradation, yet its impact on soil microbial diversity, fertility, and biomass remains insufficiently quantified globally. Here, we conducted a meta‐analysis of 48 independent field studies from Asian grasslands to evaluate the effects of heavy grazing on soil microbial communities, soil fertility, and plant biomass. Our results revealed that heavy grazing consistently decreased bacterial richness significantly (Chao1 decreased by ~210 LRR, 95% CI: −320 to −100), while fungal Shannon diversity increased modestly (15 LRR, 95% CI: 5 to 25), indicating divergent microbial sensitivities to grazing pressure. Soil fertility indicators, including total nitrogen (−1.8 g kg <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) and soil organic carbon (−2.1 g kg <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) decreased significantly under heavy grazing. In contrast, aboveground biomass increased significantly (18 g m <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> ), reflecting compensatory growth. These findings highlight a trade‐off between aboveground productivity and belowground nutrient pools under heavy grazing. Thus, this study provides the first large‐scale synthesis of microbial, soil, and biomass responses to heavy grazing in Asian grasslands, emphasizing the need for improved understanding of how grazing intensity restructures grassland ecosystems above‐ and belowground.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145396456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：