Roya Vazirian, AliAkbar Karimian, Mehdi Ghorbani, SeyedAlireza Afshani, Astrida Miceikienė, Ahsen Işık Özgüven, Petr Sklenicka, Hossein Azadi
Rural landscapes are increasingly challenged by climate change, ecosystem degradation, and socio‐economic transitions, creating an urgent need for strategic foresight and scenario planning to guide sustainable development. This study integrates these approaches to identify key factors shaping the future of socio‐ecological systems and to develop targeted interventions by recognizing underlying trends, challenges, and potential drivers. The methodology combines the Delphi technique and structured brainstorming to identify critical socio‐ecological variables, followed by structural interaction analysis to assess their interrelationships. Influence and dependence analysis in both direct and indirect modes was applied to classify variables and evaluate their immediate and long‐term impacts within the system. Visualization tools, including influence and dependence maps, heatmap, and scatter plots matrix, revealed patterns and connections. The influence and dependence maps categorized variables into influential, dependent, independent, and dichotomous groups; heatmaps identified clusters of related factors and scatter plots matrix highlighted correlations within the broader context. Based on these findings, multiple future scenarios were formulated, outlining strategic pathways to enhance resilience by addressing interconnections among social, environmental, and governance factors. This foresight framework offers policymakers actionable strategies to mitigate environmental risks, optimize resource allocation, and strengthen community engagement. The findings offer key evidence for long‐term sustainability and resilience in rural areas, helping stakeholders manage socio‐ecological challenges amid climate uncertainty.
{"title":"Strategic Foresight for Sustainable Rural Landscapes: Balancing Environment and Society","authors":"Roya Vazirian, AliAkbar Karimian, Mehdi Ghorbani, SeyedAlireza Afshani, Astrida Miceikienė, Ahsen Işık Özgüven, Petr Sklenicka, Hossein Azadi","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70341","url":null,"abstract":"Rural landscapes are increasingly challenged by climate change, ecosystem degradation, and socio‐economic transitions, creating an urgent need for strategic foresight and scenario planning to guide sustainable development. This study integrates these approaches to identify key factors shaping the future of socio‐ecological systems and to develop targeted interventions by recognizing underlying trends, challenges, and potential drivers. The methodology combines the Delphi technique and structured brainstorming to identify critical socio‐ecological variables, followed by structural interaction analysis to assess their interrelationships. Influence and dependence analysis in both direct and indirect modes was applied to classify variables and evaluate their immediate and long‐term impacts within the system. Visualization tools, including influence and dependence maps, heatmap, and scatter plots matrix, revealed patterns and connections. The influence and dependence maps categorized variables into influential, dependent, independent, and dichotomous groups; heatmaps identified clusters of related factors and scatter plots matrix highlighted correlations within the broader context. Based on these findings, multiple future scenarios were formulated, outlining strategic pathways to enhance resilience by addressing interconnections among social, environmental, and governance factors. This foresight framework offers policymakers actionable strategies to mitigate environmental risks, optimize resource allocation, and strengthen community engagement. The findings offer key evidence for long‐term sustainability and resilience in rural areas, helping stakeholders manage socio‐ecological challenges amid climate uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The concepts of adapting to changing climate, urban sustainability, and environmental governance have become increasingly significant in policy and ecological research due to the serious challenges climate change presents to urban areas. However, the criteria for promoting climate‐resilient environmental governance and urban sustainability in relation to the Food—Water—Energy (FWE) nexus, are still unclear. Hence, this study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of available research to explore the complex relationships among FWE systems, with a particular focus on adaptation to climate change, strengthening urban sustainability, and fortifying environmental governance. For this purpose, the study conducted a thorough search of academic databases from 2000 to 2022 as part of a systematic literature review. The conclusive search yielded a total of 100 original articles sourced from diverse global regions (i.e., Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas). The terms used in this review were combined with “environmental management,” “adaptation and mitigation,” and “environmental sustainability.” The findings highlighted that, despite the emphasis on governance mechanisms and participatory approaches, wide implementation gaps remain a significant concern in climate adaptation. While some cities demonstrate promising governance innovations, many others face serious obstacles rooted in poor coordination, political decision‐making, and lack of sustained financial or political commitment. Therefore, effective environmental governance is crucial in solving the challenges posed by changing climate as well as promoting the sustainability of city districts, which needs serious attention from policymakers and planners.
{"title":"Environmental Governance, Urban Sustainability, and Adaptation Strategies: The Nexus of Food—Water—Energy","authors":"Imaneh Goli, Hiva Khalili Marandi, Farhad Lashgarara, Zita Kriaučiūnienė, Ahsen Işık Özgüven, Rando Värnik, Christine Fürst, Petr Sklenicka, Hossein Azadi","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70344","url":null,"abstract":"The concepts of adapting to changing climate, urban sustainability, and environmental governance have become increasingly significant in policy and ecological research due to the serious challenges climate change presents to urban areas. However, the criteria for promoting climate‐resilient environmental governance and urban sustainability in relation to the Food—Water—Energy (FWE) nexus, are still unclear. Hence, this study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis of available research to explore the complex relationships among FWE systems, with a particular focus on adaptation to climate change, strengthening urban sustainability, and fortifying environmental governance. For this purpose, the study conducted a thorough search of academic databases from 2000 to 2022 as part of a systematic literature review. The conclusive search yielded a total of 100 original articles sourced from diverse global regions (i.e., Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas). The terms used in this review were combined with “environmental management,” “adaptation and mitigation,” and “environmental sustainability.” The findings highlighted that, despite the emphasis on governance mechanisms and participatory approaches, wide implementation gaps remain a significant concern in climate adaptation. While some cities demonstrate promising governance innovations, many others face serious obstacles rooted in poor coordination, political decision‐making, and lack of sustained financial or political commitment. Therefore, effective environmental governance is crucial in solving the challenges posed by changing climate as well as promoting the sustainability of city districts, which needs serious attention from policymakers and planners.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As land use transitions intensify in the urban–rural interface, conflicts in these transitional zones remain insufficiently understood because traditional urban–rural dichotomies often obscure their spatial complexity, posing growing challenges for land degradation management. This study follows a three‐step framework: interface delineation, conflict assessment, and morphology‐based governance. Using Hunan Province, China, as a case study, this study extracted the urban–rural interface in 2020 based on four classification indicators: night‐time light intensity (NTL), population density (PD), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and administrative divisions (ADM). Land use conflict (LUC) intensity was quantified using a composite index integrating landscape complexity, vulnerability, and stability, while Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) was applied to characterize spatial morphology of built‐up land. The results reveal that land use conflict is strongly associated with a highly fragmented morphology. The average LUC in 2020 was 0.611, with 73.84% and 10.18% of the interface area classified as considerable and severe conflict, respectively. Built‐up morphology dominated by edge, islet, and branch types, while core zones accounted for less than 40%. Significant differences emerged across interface types: NTL‐ and PD‐based interfaces exhibited the highest conflict intensities and greatest spatial fragmentation, while the NDVI‐based interface showed weaker spatial connectivity, and the ADM‐based interface had the lowest levels of conflict. Using the PLUS model under ecological security (ES) and economic development (ED) pathways, scenario simulations for 2035 revealed limited conflict mitigation under single‐objective governance, with average LUC decreasing by only 0.034 under ES and by 0.010 under ED. Furthermore, significant variations in conflict mitigation were observed across three different functional zones under the two scenarios. In particular, a conflict–morphology dissonance emerged within the agricultural production zones, where the ED scenario reduced fragmentation but intensified severe conflicts. These findings underscore the complexity of land management in the urban–rural interface. Drawing upon the “conflict‐coordination theoretical” model of regional land use transitions, the study highlights the need for designing adaptive, type‐specific governance strategies to reconcile land use conflicts and promote urban–rural integration.
{"title":"Land Use Conflict in the Urban–Rural Interface: Spatial Delineation, Conflict Assessment and Governance Implications","authors":"Ying Xu, Yajia Liang, Kunqiu Chen, Yongsheng Wang","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70398","url":null,"abstract":"As land use transitions intensify in the urban–rural interface, conflicts in these transitional zones remain insufficiently understood because traditional urban–rural dichotomies often obscure their spatial complexity, posing growing challenges for land degradation management. This study follows a three‐step framework: interface delineation, conflict assessment, and morphology‐based governance. Using Hunan Province, China, as a case study, this study extracted the urban–rural interface in 2020 based on four classification indicators: night‐time light intensity (NTL), population density (PD), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and administrative divisions (ADM). Land use conflict (LUC) intensity was quantified using a composite index integrating landscape complexity, vulnerability, and stability, while Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) was applied to characterize spatial morphology of built‐up land. The results reveal that land use conflict is strongly associated with a highly fragmented morphology. The average LUC in 2020 was 0.611, with 73.84% and 10.18% of the interface area classified as considerable and severe conflict, respectively. Built‐up morphology dominated by edge, islet, and branch types, while core zones accounted for less than 40%. Significant differences emerged across interface types: NTL‐ and PD‐based interfaces exhibited the highest conflict intensities and greatest spatial fragmentation, while the NDVI‐based interface showed weaker spatial connectivity, and the ADM‐based interface had the lowest levels of conflict. Using the PLUS model under ecological security (ES) and economic development (ED) pathways, scenario simulations for 2035 revealed limited conflict mitigation under single‐objective governance, with average LUC decreasing by only 0.034 under ES and by 0.010 under ED. Furthermore, significant variations in conflict mitigation were observed across three different functional zones under the two scenarios. In particular, a conflict–morphology dissonance emerged within the agricultural production zones, where the ED scenario reduced fragmentation but intensified severe conflicts. These findings underscore the complexity of land management in the urban–rural interface. Drawing upon the “conflict‐coordination theoretical” model of regional land use transitions, the study highlights the need for designing adaptive, type‐specific governance strategies to reconcile land use conflicts and promote urban–rural integration.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultivated land ecological compensation clarifies and monetizes responsibilities for land protection and ecological conservation. However, few studies have developed compensation models focused on cultivated land ecology. This paper developed a compensation model considering both the supply–demand balance of cultivated land and spatial ecosystem service flows. Based on this model, this paper analyzed the cultivated land ecological supply and demand in Chinese provinces, divided provinces into payment and compensated areas, and calculated compensation amounts and distributions. Further, this paper examined the rationality of regional divisions and assessed the impacts of compensation amounts. Both the incentive effects in compensated areas and the payment capacities of payment areas were empirically verified. Provinces were categorized into nine zones according to the spatiotemporal variations in supply–demand characteristics and compensation amounts. Results revealed a decrease in payment areas, from 22 provinces in 2000 to 11 in 2022, alongside an increasing trend in the total compensation amount. The average national compensation amount over 23 years was 1.983 trillion RMB, reaching 2.449 trillion RMB in 2022. Provinces such as Jiangsu and Shandong, located in the eastern payment zone, are significant contributors to payments. Conversely, compensated areas have increased, with southeastern compensated zones such as Guangdong becoming major compensation recipients. These findings facilitate the optimization of zonal management strategies for cultivated land eco‐compensation, ensuring that further policy designs are more evidence‐based.
{"title":"Exploring Provincial Cultivated Land Ecological Compensation in Mainland China Through the Lens of Ecosystem Service Flows","authors":"Ben Pei, Shulin Chen, Hui Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70387","url":null,"abstract":"Cultivated land ecological compensation clarifies and monetizes responsibilities for land protection and ecological conservation. However, few studies have developed compensation models focused on cultivated land ecology. This paper developed a compensation model considering both the supply–demand balance of cultivated land and spatial ecosystem service flows. Based on this model, this paper analyzed the cultivated land ecological supply and demand in Chinese provinces, divided provinces into payment and compensated areas, and calculated compensation amounts and distributions. Further, this paper examined the rationality of regional divisions and assessed the impacts of compensation amounts. Both the incentive effects in compensated areas and the payment capacities of payment areas were empirically verified. Provinces were categorized into nine zones according to the spatiotemporal variations in supply–demand characteristics and compensation amounts. Results revealed a decrease in payment areas, from 22 provinces in 2000 to 11 in 2022, alongside an increasing trend in the total compensation amount. The average national compensation amount over 23 years was 1.983 trillion RMB, reaching 2.449 trillion RMB in 2022. Provinces such as Jiangsu and Shandong, located in the eastern payment zone, are significant contributors to payments. Conversely, compensated areas have increased, with southeastern compensated zones such as Guangdong becoming major compensation recipients. These findings facilitate the optimization of zonal management strategies for cultivated land eco‐compensation, ensuring that further policy designs are more evidence‐based.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juciane Vieira de Assis Freire, Darliane Cristina Soares de Souza, Larissa Fernandes da Silva, Poliana Pinheiro da Silva, Thiago Henrique Freire de Oliveira, Eulene Francisco da Silva, Bruno Caio Chaves Fernandes, Adriano Erique de Oliveira Lima, Bárbara Samartini Queiroz Alves, Daniel Valadão Silva, José Cleiton Sousa dos Santos, Frederico Ribeiro do Carmo, Rafael Leandro Fernandes Melo
In recent years, biochar has been studied for its range of applications. Recognized by the IPCC as a key Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) strategy, it also stands out as an important tool for reclaiming degraded lands, including vast global areas affected by salinity, such as those in China, India, and Australia. This study explores the application of biochar in these salt‐affected soils through a bibliometric analysis and literature review. The research used the Web of Science database, from which 42,928 articles were initially identified. After careful keyword selection, the number was refined to 326 relevant publications. The analysis mapped the contributions of countries, institutions, and authors. Keyword analysis identified five thematic clusters, confirming that research is predominantly focused on soil application. The results show that China leads scientific production on this topic. However, a significant knowledge gap persists regarding the main research fronts in this field. The most relevant journals, such as Science of the Total Environment and Agronomy‐Basel , are the primary platforms for these studies. The overview highlights biochar's main applications in remediating saline soils, while addressing advances and challenges. The study also suggests future research directions, such as improving production technologies, adapting biochar to different soil types, and assessing long‐term environmental impacts.
近年来，人们对生物炭的广泛应用进行了研究。政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）认为这是一项关键的二氧化碳去除（CDR）战略，它也是恢复退化土地的重要工具，包括中国、印度和澳大利亚等受盐度影响的全球广大地区。本研究通过文献计量学分析和文献综述，探讨了生物炭在盐渍化土壤中的应用。这项研究使用了Web of Science数据库，从该数据库中最初确定了42928篇文章。经过仔细的关键词选择，相关出版物的数量被精炼为326篇。该分析绘制了国家、机构和作者的贡献图。关键词分析确定了5个专题集群，证实研究主要集中在土壤应用上。结果表明，中国在这方面的科学生产处于领先地位。然而，在这一领域的主要研究前沿，一个显著的知识差距仍然存在。最相关的期刊，如《全环境科学》和《巴塞尔农学》，是这些研究的主要平台。概述了生物炭在修复盐碱地中的主要应用，同时解决了进展和挑战。该研究还提出了未来的研究方向，如改进生产技术，使生物炭适应不同的土壤类型，以及评估长期的环境影响。
{"title":"A Bibliometric‐Based Review of Biochar for Salt‐Affected Soil Restoration: Mapping Research Trends and Future Directions","authors":"Juciane Vieira de Assis Freire, Darliane Cristina Soares de Souza, Larissa Fernandes da Silva, Poliana Pinheiro da Silva, Thiago Henrique Freire de Oliveira, Eulene Francisco da Silva, Bruno Caio Chaves Fernandes, Adriano Erique de Oliveira Lima, Bárbara Samartini Queiroz Alves, Daniel Valadão Silva, José Cleiton Sousa dos Santos, Frederico Ribeiro do Carmo, Rafael Leandro Fernandes Melo","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70404","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, biochar has been studied for its range of applications. Recognized by the IPCC as a key Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) strategy, it also stands out as an important tool for reclaiming degraded lands, including vast global areas affected by salinity, such as those in China, India, and Australia. This study explores the application of biochar in these salt‐affected soils through a bibliometric analysis and literature review. The research used the Web of Science database, from which 42,928 articles were initially identified. After careful keyword selection, the number was refined to 326 relevant publications. The analysis mapped the contributions of countries, institutions, and authors. Keyword analysis identified five thematic clusters, confirming that research is predominantly focused on soil application. The results show that China leads scientific production on this topic. However, a significant knowledge gap persists regarding the main research fronts in this field. The most relevant journals, such as <jats:italic>Science of the Total Environment</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Agronomy‐Basel</jats:italic> , are the primary platforms for these studies. The overview highlights biochar's main applications in remediating saline soils, while addressing advances and challenges. The study also suggests future research directions, such as improving production technologies, adapting biochar to different soil types, and assessing long‐term environmental impacts.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The complex terrain and significant spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem services (ESs) in Shaanxi Province (SXP) make it crucial to analyze their multi‐scale trade‐offs/synergies and driving mechanisms for regional ecological management. This study integrates machine learning (SRF, SVM, etc.) with scenario simulation (PLUS‐ InVEST) to evaluate the spatiotemporal differentiation and interaction effects of water production (WY), carbon storage (CS), habitat quality (HQ), soil conservation (SC), and nitrogen and phosphorus storage (NS/PS) under urban priority development (CPD), ecological priority (EPD), and inertial development (ID) scenarios from 2000 to 2040. The multi factor driving mechanism was revealed through geographic detectors, structural equation models (SEM), and ecosystem service bundles (ESB). The results show that: (1) In the future scenario, the urban expansion in Guanzhong (CS) is significant, with an overall increase in WY (EPD scenario+19.58 mm), a decrease in CS in CS (−1.5 t/ha), a decrease in SC in northern Shaanxi (NPS), and an increase in southern Shaanxi (SPS); (2) In 2020, WY‐CS and WY‐HQ showed a significant trade‐off in NPS/CS, while WY‐NS/PS showed synergy in NPS/SPS. By 2040, the explanatory power of human activities on ESs has increased ( q value increased by 72.4%); (3) The driving factors are ranked as climate > vegetation > terrain > humanities (pre > gpp > ndvi > slp). SEM shows that the direct effect of terrain factors on SC decreased from 0.812 (2000) to 0.296 (2020); (4) ESB identification indicates that CS needs to optimize land use to restore ecology, SPS should increase forest coverage, and NPS needs to strengthen degraded land restoration. This study provides data support and decision‐making basis for multi‐scale ecological collaborative governance.
{"title":"Integrating Machine Learning and Scenario Simulation to Decouple Multi‐Scale Ecosystem Service Trade‐Offs/Synergy in Shaanxi Province","authors":"Peidong Han, Guang Yang, Xu Chen, Yangyang Liu, Ercha Hu, Zhongming Wen, Haijing Shi","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70385","url":null,"abstract":"The complex terrain and significant spatial heterogeneity of ecosystem services (ESs) in Shaanxi Province (SXP) make it crucial to analyze their multi‐scale trade‐offs/synergies and driving mechanisms for regional ecological management. This study integrates machine learning (SRF, SVM, etc.) with scenario simulation (PLUS‐ InVEST) to evaluate the spatiotemporal differentiation and interaction effects of water production (WY), carbon storage (CS), habitat quality (HQ), soil conservation (SC), and nitrogen and phosphorus storage (NS/PS) under urban priority development (CPD), ecological priority (EPD), and inertial development (ID) scenarios from 2000 to 2040. The multi factor driving mechanism was revealed through geographic detectors, structural equation models (SEM), and ecosystem service bundles (ESB). The results show that: (1) In the future scenario, the urban expansion in Guanzhong (CS) is significant, with an overall increase in WY (EPD scenario+19.58 mm), a decrease in CS in CS (−1.5 t/ha), a decrease in SC in northern Shaanxi (NPS), and an increase in southern Shaanxi (SPS); (2) In 2020, WY‐CS and WY‐HQ showed a significant trade‐off in NPS/CS, while WY‐NS/PS showed synergy in NPS/SPS. By 2040, the explanatory power of human activities on ESs has increased ( <jats:italic>q</jats:italic> value increased by 72.4%); (3) The driving factors are ranked as climate > vegetation > terrain > humanities (pre > gpp > ndvi > slp). SEM shows that the direct effect of terrain factors on SC decreased from 0.812 (2000) to 0.296 (2020); (4) ESB identification indicates that CS needs to optimize land use to restore ecology, SPS should increase forest coverage, and NPS needs to strengthen degraded land restoration. This study provides data support and decision‐making basis for multi‐scale ecological collaborative governance.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Strengthening ecological resilience is essential for promoting sustainable urban development, especially in regions experiencing rapid urban expansion and ecological degradation. However, most existing land use optimization models inadequately incorporate ecological resilience metrics and fail to reconcile ecological and economic trade‐offs within a unified spatial framework. To bridge this gap, this study developed a novel multi‐step land use optimization method that coordinated structural and spatial dimensions to increase urban ecological resilience. The results revealed clear trade‐offs between ecological benefits and economic gains. Under the ES (ecological priority) scenario, the MRP increased by 8.7%, and the total ecosystem service value rose by 11.3% compared with the baseline, demonstrating the effectiveness of ecological land expansion and connectivity enhancement. The ECO (Economic priority) scenario yielded the highest economic benefit, with total economic output increasing by 9.4%, but resulted in a 6.5% reduction in mean resilience due to ecological land contraction. The COM (Coordinated development) scenario achieved a balanced outcome, with ecological resilience and economic benefits increasing by 4.3% and 5.2%, respectively, indicating synergistic potential under moderate development intensity. These findings highlight that integrating resilience‐based spatial optimization provides a feasible pathway to harmonize ecological protection and economic growth. The proposed framework offers a scalable and adaptable tool for resilience‐oriented land use planning, ecosystem restoration, and policy formulation in dynamically evolving urban regions.
{"title":"Ecological Resilience‐Oriented Land Use Planning: A Novel Framework Integrating Urban Sustainability and Multi‐Objective Trade‐Offs","authors":"Yongyang Wang, Qunpo Jia, Pan Zhang, Yulei Xie","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70376","url":null,"abstract":"Strengthening ecological resilience is essential for promoting sustainable urban development, especially in regions experiencing rapid urban expansion and ecological degradation. However, most existing land use optimization models inadequately incorporate ecological resilience metrics and fail to reconcile ecological and economic trade‐offs within a unified spatial framework. To bridge this gap, this study developed a novel multi‐step land use optimization method that coordinated structural and spatial dimensions to increase urban ecological resilience. The results revealed clear trade‐offs between ecological benefits and economic gains. Under the ES (ecological priority) scenario, the MRP increased by 8.7%, and the total ecosystem service value rose by 11.3% compared with the baseline, demonstrating the effectiveness of ecological land expansion and connectivity enhancement. The ECO (Economic priority) scenario yielded the highest economic benefit, with total economic output increasing by 9.4%, but resulted in a 6.5% reduction in mean resilience due to ecological land contraction. The COM (Coordinated development) scenario achieved a balanced outcome, with ecological resilience and economic benefits increasing by 4.3% and 5.2%, respectively, indicating synergistic potential under moderate development intensity. These findings highlight that integrating resilience‐based spatial optimization provides a feasible pathway to harmonize ecological protection and economic growth. The proposed framework offers a scalable and adaptable tool for resilience‐oriented land use planning, ecosystem restoration, and policy formulation in dynamically evolving urban regions.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"174 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Aamir Manzoor, Irfan Ali Sabir, Iftikhar Hussain Shah, Muhammad Azam, Muhammad Usman, M. Sanaullah Malik, Abdul Rehman, Asad Rehman, Ghulam Murtaza, Muhammad Khalid, Gulbeena Saleem, Muhammad Tariq Manzoor, Cheng Song
Vanadium (V), a redox‐sensitive trace metal abundant in mineral and fossil fuel deposits, is vital for industrial applications but poses significant ecotoxicological risks at elevated concentrations in soil–plant systems. However, this review synthesizes the biogeochemical cycling of vanadium, focusing on its dominant redox species, V 4+ and V 5+ , and their environmental fate, which is influenced by soil pH, redox potential, organic matter, and microbial activity. In soils, microbial consortia, including Pseudomonas sp., Geobacter metallireducens , and Methanosarcina mazei , drive vanadium transformations through redox reactions, with V 5+ reduction to less mobile V 4+ under anaerobic conditions and oxidation to soluble V 5+ during aerobic mineral weathering. In plants, low vanadium concentrations (< 50 mg kg −1 ) may enhance metabolic functions like chlorophyll synthesis, but higher levels (> 100 mg kg −1 ) induce phytotoxicity, impairing photosynthesis, disrupting ion homeostasis, and triggering oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species, leading to impaired plant growth and development. Environmental stressors, such as drought and warming, exacerbate vanadium mobility by altering soil moisture and microbial dynamics, while flooding promotes V 4+ immobilization but risks leaching. Phytoremediation with hyperaccumulators such as Setaria viridis holds potential, although it is hindered by challenges like prolonged remediation timelines. Despite advances, gaps in quantitative models for microbial responses and scalable remediation strategies persist. This review underscores the need for integrated bioremediation approaches, leveraging plant‐microbe synergies and nanoparticle applications, to mitigate vanadium's ecological impacts and ensure sustainable soil management.
钒(V)是一种对氧化还原敏感的微量金属，在矿物和化石燃料矿床中含量丰富，对工业应用至关重要，但在土壤-植物系统中浓度升高会带来重大的生态毒理学风险。然而，本文综述了钒的生物地球化学循环，重点介绍了钒的优势氧化还原种v4 +和v5 +及其受土壤pH、氧化还原电位、有机质和微生物活性影响的环境命运。在土壤中，包括假单胞菌、金属还原地杆菌和mazei在内的微生物群落通过氧化还原反应驱动钒转化，在厌氧条件下，钒5+还原为流动性较差的钒4+，在有氧矿物风化过程中，钒5+被氧化为可溶的钒5+。在植物中，低钒浓度（50 mg kg - 1）可以增强叶绿素合成等代谢功能，但高钒浓度（100 mg kg - 1）会引起植物毒性，损害光合作用，破坏离子稳态，并通过活性氧引发氧化应激，导致植物生长发育受损。环境压力因素，如干旱和变暖，通过改变土壤水分和微生物动力学，加剧了钒的流动性，而洪水促进了钒的固定，但有浸出的风险。利用蛇尾草（Setaria viridis）等超积累物进行植物修复具有潜力，尽管它受到修复时间延长等挑战的阻碍。尽管取得了进展，但微生物反应的定量模型和可扩展的修复策略仍然存在差距。这篇综述强调了利用植物-微生物协同作用和纳米颗粒应用的综合生物修复方法的必要性，以减轻钒的生态影响并确保可持续的土壤管理。
{"title":"Vanadium in Soil‐Plant Systems: Uptake Mechanisms, Ecotoxicological Impacts, and Microbial Remediation Strategies","authors":"Muhammad Aamir Manzoor, Irfan Ali Sabir, Iftikhar Hussain Shah, Muhammad Azam, Muhammad Usman, M. Sanaullah Malik, Abdul Rehman, Asad Rehman, Ghulam Murtaza, Muhammad Khalid, Gulbeena Saleem, Muhammad Tariq Manzoor, Cheng Song","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70401","url":null,"abstract":"Vanadium (V), a redox‐sensitive trace metal abundant in mineral and fossil fuel deposits, is vital for industrial applications but poses significant ecotoxicological risks at elevated concentrations in soil–plant systems. However, this review synthesizes the biogeochemical cycling of vanadium, focusing on its dominant redox species, V <jats:sup>4+</jats:sup> and V <jats:sup>5+</jats:sup> , and their environmental fate, which is influenced by soil pH, redox potential, organic matter, and microbial activity. In soils, microbial consortia, including <jats:italic>Pseudomonas</jats:italic> sp., <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Geobacter metallireducens</jats:styled-content> </jats:italic> , and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Methanosarcina mazei</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> , drive vanadium transformations through redox reactions, with V <jats:sup>5+</jats:sup> reduction to less mobile V <jats:sup>4+</jats:sup> under anaerobic conditions and oxidation to soluble V <jats:sup>5+</jats:sup> during aerobic mineral weathering. In plants, low vanadium concentrations (< 50 mg kg <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) may enhance metabolic functions like chlorophyll synthesis, but higher levels (> 100 mg kg <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) induce phytotoxicity, impairing photosynthesis, disrupting ion homeostasis, and triggering oxidative stress via reactive oxygen species, leading to impaired plant growth and development. Environmental stressors, such as drought and warming, exacerbate vanadium mobility by altering soil moisture and microbial dynamics, while flooding promotes V <jats:sup>4+</jats:sup> immobilization but risks leaching. Phytoremediation with hyperaccumulators such as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Setaria viridis</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> holds potential, although it is hindered by challenges like prolonged remediation timelines. Despite advances, gaps in quantitative models for microbial responses and scalable remediation strategies persist. This review underscores the need for integrated bioremediation approaches, leveraging plant‐microbe synergies and nanoparticle applications, to mitigate vanadium's ecological impacts and ensure sustainable soil management.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Modern society's excessive reliance on plastic products has resulted in the accumulation of vast amounts of plastic waste that inevitably resolve into enormous microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) to threaten ecological environments and human health. Systematic comprehension of the transportation routes and critical nodes is imperative to adopt effective control measures to protect humans from MNPs‐related impacts. Here we give an overview of the transportation of plastic pollution to different environmental compartments from a macroscopic perspective, with an emphasis on the spatial–temporal distributions of MPs and NPs in water, soil, atmosphere, and plants. Moreover, we critically assess the alarming evidence of the plastic accumulation in human tissues and their toxic effects. To further understand the intricate influences of MNPs pollution on environmental compartments and humans, the development of improved detection methods, long‐term monitoring, and systematic evaluation of plastic‐associated chemicals are indispensable.
{"title":"Understanding the Transportation of Plastic Pollution to Different Environmental Compartments and Human","authors":"Shaohong Jiang, Hongpeng Wang, Tianliang Xia, Puxiang Ning, Huating Lu, Anna Rui, Shuwen Zhou, Xinyu Bai, Qidong Hou","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70351","url":null,"abstract":"Modern society's excessive reliance on plastic products has resulted in the accumulation of vast amounts of plastic waste that inevitably resolve into enormous microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) to threaten ecological environments and human health. Systematic comprehension of the transportation routes and critical nodes is imperative to adopt effective control measures to protect humans from MNPs‐related impacts. Here we give an overview of the transportation of plastic pollution to different environmental compartments from a macroscopic perspective, with an emphasis on the spatial–temporal distributions of MPs and NPs in water, soil, atmosphere, and plants. Moreover, we critically assess the alarming evidence of the plastic accumulation in human tissues and their toxic effects. To further understand the intricate influences of MNPs pollution on environmental compartments and humans, the development of improved detection methods, long‐term monitoring, and systematic evaluation of plastic‐associated chemicals are indispensable.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Armed conflicts cause significant, yet poorly understood, impacts on soils, including contamination with heavy metals and magnetic particles derived from explosions. The extent of war‐related soil pollution in Ukraine remains a debated issue. This pilot study integrates remote sensing, geochemical, agrochemical, and enviromagnetic methods to assess soil contamination in the Kharkiv region (eastern Ukraine). Heavy metal concentrations were generally close to background levels, with slight enrichment (1.1–1.3 times) at cruise missile and aerial bomb impact sites. An exception was observed at the helicopter crash site, where cadmium, copper, and zinc reached 12×, 4×, and 2× background levels, respectively. Elevated magnetic susceptibility values (up to 437 × 10 −8 m 3 kg −1 ) were recorded at the tank explosion site, contaminated by oil products. At other sites, magnetic values were usually lower in bomb‐turbated soils due to the removal of chernic horizons as a result of explosions. Overall, in Chernozems, war‐related damage is expressed more strongly through physical disturbance and fertility loss than through widespread heavy metal pollution. The study underscores the importance of combining geochemical and magnetic monitoring for postwar land restoration.
武装冲突对土壤造成重大影响，包括重金属污染和爆炸产生的磁性颗粒污染，但人们对这些影响知之甚少。乌克兰与战争有关的土壤污染程度仍然是一个有争议的问题。这项试点研究综合了遥感、地球化学、农用化学和环境磁学方法，以评估哈尔科夫地区（乌克兰东部）的土壤污染。重金属浓度一般接近本底水平，在巡航导弹和航空炸弹撞击地点略有富集（1.1-1.3倍）。在直升机坠毁地点观察到一个例外，镉、铜和锌分别达到12倍、4倍和2倍的背景水平。在油罐爆炸现场，被油品污染的磁化率值升高（高达437 × 10−8 m 3 kg−1）。在其他地点，由于爆炸造成了地层的移除，炸弹扰动土壤的磁性值通常较低。总体而言，在Chernozems，与战争相关的损害表现为身体紊乱和生育力丧失，而不是广泛存在的重金属污染。该研究强调了将地球化学和磁监测结合起来对战后土地恢复的重要性。
{"title":"Classification of War‐Induced Soil Contamination by the Type of Military Impact in Eastern Ukraine","authors":"Dmytro Hlavatskyi, Oleksandr Bonchkovskyi, Pavlo Ostapenko, Kseniia Bondar, Volodymyr Bakhmutov, Andrii Bonchkovskyi, Oleksandr Menshov, Ievgen Poliachenko, Volodymyr Shvaiko","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70397","url":null,"abstract":"Armed conflicts cause significant, yet poorly understood, impacts on soils, including contamination with heavy metals and magnetic particles derived from explosions. The extent of war‐related soil pollution in Ukraine remains a debated issue. This pilot study integrates remote sensing, geochemical, agrochemical, and enviromagnetic methods to assess soil contamination in the Kharkiv region (eastern Ukraine). Heavy metal concentrations were generally close to background levels, with slight enrichment (1.1–1.3 times) at cruise missile and aerial bomb impact sites. An exception was observed at the helicopter crash site, where cadmium, copper, and zinc reached 12×, 4×, and 2× background levels, respectively. Elevated magnetic susceptibility values (up to 437 × 10 <jats:sup>−8</jats:sup> m <jats:sup>3</jats:sup> kg <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) were recorded at the tank explosion site, contaminated by oil products. At other sites, magnetic values were usually lower in bomb‐turbated soils due to the removal of chernic horizons as a result of explosions. Overall, in Chernozems, war‐related damage is expressed more strongly through physical disturbance and fertility loss than through widespread heavy metal pollution. The study underscores the importance of combining geochemical and magnetic monitoring for postwar land restoration.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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