Guanlin Li, Ali Raza Khan, Babar Iqbal, Junmin Li, Wardah Azhar, Abdul Salam, Syed Hassan Raza Zaidi, Tingting Zhao, Daolin Du
The extensive utilisation and inadequate disposal of polystyrene microplastics (PS‐MPs) pose significant threats to soil–plant ecosystems. The present review assembles evidence concerning their behaviour and impacts within soil–plant systems. In soils, PS‐MPs alter the composition of microbial communities, elevate respiration stress, and regulate the activity of extracellular enzymes. In term of soil fauna, PS‐MPs show oxidative, genotoxic, and immunological reactions which can slow down decomposition and nutrient cycling. Plants take up PS‐MPs via root and foliar pathways, translocate them through vascular tissues, and accumulate them in metabolically active sites, with consequent inhibition of photosynthesis, hormonal imbalance, and transcriptome and metabolome reprogramming. Interactions with coexisting stressors are context‐dependent: co‐exposure to heavy metals, antibiotics, or phthalates frequently enhances reactive oxygen species formation and nutrient imbalance, whereas adsorption‐driven immobilisation by PS‐MPs can reduce pollutant bioavailability and partially mitigate toxicity. Size dependence is a consistent theme, with nano‐scale fractions showing higher mobility and intracellular access, and micro‐scale fractions exerting stronger physical and adsorptive effects in the rhizosphere. We highlight priorities for field‐realistic, long‐term studies that integrate particle ageing, multi‐stressor experiments, and harmonised exposure metrics, together with nature‐based mitigation strategies. Linking PS‐MPs indicators to soil‐health assessment and land‐degradation frameworks will support risk evaluation and sustainable management of agroecosystems.
{"title":"A Critical Review of Polystyrene Microplastics in Soil–Plant Systems: Absorption, Phytotoxicity and Future Perspectives","authors":"Guanlin Li, Ali Raza Khan, Babar Iqbal, Junmin Li, Wardah Azhar, Abdul Salam, Syed Hassan Raza Zaidi, Tingting Zhao, Daolin Du","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70353","url":null,"abstract":"The extensive utilisation and inadequate disposal of polystyrene microplastics (PS‐MPs) pose significant threats to soil–plant ecosystems. The present review assembles evidence concerning their behaviour and impacts within soil–plant systems. In soils, PS‐MPs alter the composition of microbial communities, elevate respiration stress, and regulate the activity of extracellular enzymes. In term of soil fauna, PS‐MPs show oxidative, genotoxic, and immunological reactions which can slow down decomposition and nutrient cycling. Plants take up PS‐MPs via root and foliar pathways, translocate them through vascular tissues, and accumulate them in metabolically active sites, with consequent inhibition of photosynthesis, hormonal imbalance, and transcriptome and metabolome reprogramming. Interactions with coexisting stressors are context‐dependent: co‐exposure to heavy metals, antibiotics, or phthalates frequently enhances reactive oxygen species formation and nutrient imbalance, whereas adsorption‐driven immobilisation by PS‐MPs can reduce pollutant bioavailability and partially mitigate toxicity. Size dependence is a consistent theme, with nano‐scale fractions showing higher mobility and intracellular access, and micro‐scale fractions exerting stronger physical and adsorptive effects in the rhizosphere. We highlight priorities for field‐realistic, long‐term studies that integrate particle ageing, multi‐stressor experiments, and harmonised exposure metrics, together with nature‐based mitigation strategies. Linking PS‐MPs indicators to soil‐health assessment and land‐degradation frameworks will support risk evaluation and sustainable management of agroecosystems.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Hasnain, Zainul Abideen, Faraz Ali, Ali El‐Keblawy, Mona F. A. Dawood, Rehab O. Elnour, Mohamed Hashem
Higher food demand is posing a serious challenge due to land degradation, urban expansion, and climate change. Salinity alone affects about a billion hectares of land globally, rendering vast areas unsuitable for conventional crops. In this context, halophytes adapted to saline marginal lands offer a novel and sustainable solution for seed oil production. This review critically evaluates the potential of halophytes as oilseed crops and highlights the mechanisms to enhance seed yield and restoration of saline land for sustainable saline agriculture. Notably, halophytes such as Salicornia europaea (28.3% oil), Tamarix ramosissima (28.6%), and Atriplex nummularia (29.8%) exhibit oil levels comparable to traditional oilseeds. In terms of protein, Salicornia bigelovii (35%) and Prosopis glandulosa (39.9%) rival conventional legumes. Energy values reach up to 376.3 MJ/kg ( Eragrostis pilosa ), while fiber levels range from 4% to 21%, indicating their holistic nutritional potential. Evidence from prior research suggested that biotechnological strategies (breeding, genetic engineering, and hormonal treatments) can improve halophyte oil yield and stress tolerance. This review also explores biotechnological strategies (breeding, genetic engineering, and hormonal treatments) to enhance oil yield and stress tolerance. Oil‐rich halophyte seeds can be used as a source of edible oil for achieving food security, promoting sustainable agriculture, and supporting rural livelihoods.
{"title":"Investigating the Potential of Halophytic Seeds for Producing Edible Oil on Saline Lands: An Agroecological Approach for Advancing Bio‐Saline Agriculture","authors":"Maria Hasnain, Zainul Abideen, Faraz Ali, Ali El‐Keblawy, Mona F. A. Dawood, Rehab O. Elnour, Mohamed Hashem","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70358","url":null,"abstract":"Higher food demand is posing a serious challenge due to land degradation, urban expansion, and climate change. Salinity alone affects about a billion hectares of land globally, rendering vast areas unsuitable for conventional crops. In this context, halophytes adapted to saline marginal lands offer a novel and sustainable solution for seed oil production. This review critically evaluates the potential of halophytes as oilseed crops and highlights the mechanisms to enhance seed yield and restoration of saline land for sustainable saline agriculture. Notably, halophytes such as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Salicornia europaea</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> (28.3% oil), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Tamarix ramosissima</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> (28.6%), and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Atriplex nummularia</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> (29.8%) exhibit oil levels comparable to traditional oilseeds. In terms of protein, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Salicornia bigelovii</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> (35%) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Prosopis glandulosa</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> (39.9%) rival conventional legumes. Energy values reach up to 376.3 MJ/kg ( <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Eragrostis pilosa</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> ), while fiber levels range from 4% to 21%, indicating their holistic nutritional potential. Evidence from prior research suggested that biotechnological strategies (breeding, genetic engineering, and hormonal treatments) can improve halophyte oil yield and stress tolerance. This review also explores biotechnological strategies (breeding, genetic engineering, and hormonal treatments) to enhance oil yield and stress tolerance. Oil‐rich halophyte seeds can be used as a source of edible oil for achieving food security, promoting sustainable agriculture, and supporting rural livelihoods.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fangfang Liang, Su Chen, Meng Lü, Wenhui Zhou, Zitong Ye
The widespread occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in soil and their coexistence with cadmium (Cd) represent an emerging environmental hazard. Biochar (BC) has been widely recognized as an effective soil amendment for Cd remediation; however, it remains unclear whether the presence of MPs influences the efficacy of BC in promoting plant growth in Cd‐contaminated soils. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) and non‐biodegradable polyamide‐6 (PA6) microplastics on wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) seedlings grown in Cd‐contaminated soil (3 mg·kg −1 ) amended with wheat‐straw biochar. Both unaged and dry‐wet cycle‐aged MPs (PLAD and PA6D) were introduced at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% (w/w). Compared to BC alone, the combined MPs‐BC treatments reduced seedling fresh weight by 6%–45%. The addition of MPs generally increased root length, whereas unaged MPs suppressed plant height. Cd accumulation in both shoots and roots peaked under the 1% BC‐PA6 treatment, while MPs overall impeded Cd translocation from roots to shoots. PLA reduced the remediation efficiency of BC, as reflected by elevated peroxidase (POD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicating enhanced membrane lipid peroxidation. In contrast, PA6 decreased POD activity but increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities; MDA content rose following ageing, although unaged PA6 maintained low MDA levels. These findings elucidate how MPs interact with biochar in Cd‐contaminated soil and affect wheat seedling growth and antioxidative responses, thereby providing a scientific basis for optimizing soil remediation strategies under complex pollution conditions.
{"title":"Effect of Microplastics on the Growth of Wheat Seedlings in Biochar Remediation of Cd‐Contaminated Soil","authors":"Fangfang Liang, Su Chen, Meng Lü, Wenhui Zhou, Zitong Ye","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70371","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in soil and their coexistence with cadmium (Cd) represent an emerging environmental hazard. Biochar (BC) has been widely recognized as an effective soil amendment for Cd remediation; however, it remains unclear whether the presence of MPs influences the efficacy of BC in promoting plant growth in Cd‐contaminated soils. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to examine the effects of biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) and non‐biodegradable polyamide‐6 (PA6) microplastics on wheat ( <jats:italic>Triticum aestivum</jats:italic> ) seedlings grown in Cd‐contaminated soil (3 mg·kg <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) amended with wheat‐straw biochar. Both unaged and dry‐wet cycle‐aged MPs (PLAD and PA6D) were introduced at concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% (w/w). Compared to BC alone, the combined MPs‐BC treatments reduced seedling fresh weight by 6%–45%. The addition of MPs generally increased root length, whereas unaged MPs suppressed plant height. Cd accumulation in both shoots and roots peaked under the 1% BC‐PA6 treatment, while MPs overall impeded Cd translocation from roots to shoots. PLA reduced the remediation efficiency of BC, as reflected by elevated peroxidase (POD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicating enhanced membrane lipid peroxidation. In contrast, PA6 decreased POD activity but increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities; MDA content rose following ageing, although unaged PA6 maintained low MDA levels. These findings elucidate how MPs interact with biochar in Cd‐contaminated soil and affect wheat seedling growth and antioxidative responses, thereby providing a scientific basis for optimizing soil remediation strategies under complex pollution conditions.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"239 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145704282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guochun Li, Li Ma, Qian Zhang, Yanni Li, Wu Menglong, Wenquan Niu, Kadambot H. M. Siddique
Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilization accelerates agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and leads to soil degradation, yet the potential of reduced N inputs to balance crop yield, GHG emissions, and soil multifunctionality—and the underlying mechanisms—remains unclear. Through a 2‐year field experiment, we found that a 25% reduction in N fertilizer (R25) reshaped the soil microbial co‐occurrence network, resulting in a topology with higher connectivity (avgK) and shorter path distances (GD) compared to conventional fertilization (CF, 200 kg ha −1 ). This restructuring increased the abundance of functional microbes associated with aromatic compound degradation, aerobic ammonia oxidation, and nitrification, thereby maintaining soil carbon and nitrogen cycling capacity and sustaining crop productivity. Mechanistically, the enhanced microbial network facilitated more efficient nutrient transformation and transfer, leading to a 30.66%–32.94% increase in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and a 13.87%–35.72% reduction in greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI). In contrast, a 50% N reduction (R50) restricted nutrient availability and decreased yield by 10.08%–11.10%. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that N‐induced changes in soil multifunctionality were primarily driven by microbial network topology. Our findings identify an optimal N reduction range of 22.50%–34.00% (132–155 kg ha −1 ) for sustaining maize yield and soil multifunctionality while reducing GHGI, highlighting the regulation of microbial network as a key strategy for sustainable maize production.
过量施氮加速了农业温室气体（GHG）排放并导致土壤退化，但减少氮肥投入平衡作物产量、温室气体排放和土壤多功能的潜力及其潜在机制尚不清楚。通过一项为期2年的田间试验，我们发现，与常规施肥（CF, 200 kg ha - 1）相比，减少25%的氮肥（R25）重塑了土壤微生物共生网络，导致拓扑结构具有更高的连通性（avgK）和更短的路径距离（GD）。这种重组增加了与芳香族化合物降解、好氧氨氧化和硝化作用相关的功能微生物的丰度，从而维持了土壤碳氮循环能力和维持作物生产力。机制上，微生物网络的增强促进了养分的高效转化和转移，氮素利用效率（NUE）提高30.66% ~ 32.94%，温室气体强度（GHGI）降低13.87% ~ 35.72%。相比之下，50%的氮素减量（R50）限制了养分利用率，产量下降10.08% ~ 11.10%。偏最小二乘路径模型显示，氮诱导的土壤多功能性变化主要由微生物网络拓扑驱动。我们的研究结果确定了维持玉米产量和土壤多功能性同时降低GHGI的最佳减氮范围为22.50%-34.00% (132-155 kg ha - 1)，强调了微生物网络的调节是玉米可持续生产的关键策略。
{"title":"Balancing Maize Yield, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and Soil Functions Through Nitrogen Fertilizer Reduction and Microbial Network Regulation","authors":"Guochun Li, Li Ma, Qian Zhang, Yanni Li, Wu Menglong, Wenquan Niu, Kadambot H. M. Siddique","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70369","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilization accelerates agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and leads to soil degradation, yet the potential of reduced N inputs to balance crop yield, GHG emissions, and soil multifunctionality—and the underlying mechanisms—remains unclear. Through a 2‐year field experiment, we found that a 25% reduction in N fertilizer (R25) reshaped the soil microbial co‐occurrence network, resulting in a topology with higher connectivity (avgK) and shorter path distances (GD) compared to conventional fertilization (CF, 200 kg ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ). This restructuring increased the abundance of functional microbes associated with aromatic compound degradation, aerobic ammonia oxidation, and nitrification, thereby maintaining soil carbon and nitrogen cycling capacity and sustaining crop productivity. Mechanistically, the enhanced microbial network facilitated more efficient nutrient transformation and transfer, leading to a 30.66%–32.94% increase in nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and a 13.87%–35.72% reduction in greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI). In contrast, a 50% N reduction (R50) restricted nutrient availability and decreased yield by 10.08%–11.10%. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that N‐induced changes in soil multifunctionality were primarily driven by microbial network topology. Our findings identify an optimal N reduction range of 22.50%–34.00% (132–155 kg ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) for sustaining maize yield and soil multifunctionality while reducing GHGI, highlighting the regulation of microbial network as a key strategy for sustainable maize production.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145704283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understory imitation wild cultivation is widely used in production practice to improve the yield of Chinese medicinal plants. However, the impacts and mechanisms of cultivating medicinal plants under different forest types on soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, enzyme activities, and the diversity of cbhI-functional microorganisms remain unclear. This study examined variations in soil SOC fractions, enzyme activities, and cbhI-functional microbial communities, along with the interrelationships among these factors, in Paris polyphylla cultivation under the Moso bamboo forest, Chinese fir forest, and bamboo–Chinese fir mixed forest. The results indicated that the Chinese fir forest soil exhibited significantly higher contents of SOC (33.7 g kg−1), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) (361.2 mg kg−1), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) (176.6 mg kg−1), which were 27.2%, 73.7%, and 79.1% greater than those in the Moso bamboo forest (SOC: 26.5 g kg−1, MBC: 207.9 mg kg−1, WSOC: 98.6 mg kg−1), respectively. Furthermore, the mixed forest soil also showed significantly higher MBC (446.9 mg kg−1) and WSOC (118.5 mg kg−1) than the Moso bamboo soil, which were 115.0% and 20.2% higher, respectively. In addition, the activities of cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, and invertase in the soil of the Chinese fir forest were significantly higher than those of the bamboo forest, and the activities of cellobiohydrolase and invertase in the soil of the mixed forest were also significantly higher than that of the Moso bamboo. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between SOC, WSOC, and the activities of cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, and invertase, while MBC was significantly positively correlated with invertase activity. Mantel tests and Canonical correspondence analysis further highlighted soil pH, MBC, WSOC, and the activities of cellobiohydrolase and invertase as key environmental drivers of the cbhI microbial community structure. Interestingly, Moso bamboo forest soil supported a higher abundance of pathogenic fungi (e.g., Gaeumannomyces and Colletotrichum), while Chinese fir forest soil was enriched with cellulose-degrading bacteria (e.g., Irpex and Pyrenophora), and mixed forest soil exhibited a relatively higher abundance of broad-spectrum degraders (e.g., Clitopilus and Apiotrichum). We conclude that Chinese fir and mixed forests have higher SOC storage, which can create a more favorable soil microenvironment for the cultivation of P. polyphylla. Due to the low SOC storage, the Moso bamboo forest is unfavorable for the growth and development of P. polyphylla.
模拟野生林下栽培在生产实践中被广泛应用于提高中药材产量。然而，不同森林类型下种植药用植物对土壤有机碳库、酶活性和cbi功能微生物多样性的影响及其机制尚不清楚。本研究以巴黎多叶为研究对象，研究了毛竹林、杉木林和竹杉混交林下土壤有机碳组分、酶活性和cbi功能微生物群落的变化，以及这些因素之间的相互关系。结果表明：杉木林土壤有机碳（33.7 g kg−1）、微生物生物量碳（361.2 mg kg−1）和水溶性有机碳（176.6 mg kg−1）含量显著高于毛梭竹林（SOC: 26.5 g kg−1、MBC: 207.9 mg kg−1、WSOC: 98.6 mg kg−1），分别高出27.2%、73.7%和79.1%。此外，混交林土壤的MBC （446.9 mg kg - 1）和WSOC （118.5 mg kg - 1）也显著高于毛竹土壤，分别高出115.0%和20.2%。此外，杉林土壤中纤维素生物水解酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶和转化酶的活性显著高于竹林，混交林土壤中纤维素生物水解酶和转化酶的活性也显著高于毛竹林。相关分析显示，SOC、WSOC与纤维素生物水解酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶和转化酶活性呈极显著正相关，MBC与转化酶活性呈极显著正相关。Mantel试验和典型对应分析进一步表明，土壤pH、MBC、WSOC以及纤维素生物水解酶和转化酶的活性是影响微生物群落结构的关键环境因素。有趣的是，毛竹林土壤中有较高丰度的病原菌（如Gaeumannomyces和Colletotrichum），杉木林土壤中有丰富的纤维素降解菌（如Irpex和Pyrenophora），混交林土壤中有较高丰度的广谱降解菌（如Clitopilus和Apiotrichum）。结果表明，杉木和混交林具有较高的有机碳储量，可为多叶松的种植创造更有利的土壤微环境。由于土壤有机碳储量低，毛竹林不利于毛竹林的生长发育。
{"title":"Positive Microbial-Enzyme Feedbacks on Soil Organic Carbon Enhance Understory Cultivation of Paris polyphylla Across Forest Types","authors":"Hongbin Zhang, Shouzan Liu, Shaobo Zhang, Yan Bai","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70367","url":null,"abstract":"Understory imitation wild cultivation is widely used in production practice to improve the yield of Chinese medicinal plants. However, the impacts and mechanisms of cultivating medicinal plants under different forest types on soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, enzyme activities, and the diversity of <i>cbh</i>I-functional microorganisms remain unclear. This study examined variations in soil SOC fractions, enzyme activities, and <i>cbh</i>I-functional microbial communities, along with the interrelationships among these factors, in <i>Paris polyphylla</i> cultivation under the Moso bamboo forest, Chinese fir forest, and bamboo–Chinese fir mixed forest. The results indicated that the Chinese fir forest soil exhibited significantly higher contents of SOC (33.7 g kg<sup>−1</sup>), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) (361.2 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) (176.6 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), which were 27.2%, 73.7%, and 79.1% greater than those in the Moso bamboo forest (SOC: 26.5 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, MBC: 207.9 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>, WSOC: 98.6 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), respectively. Furthermore, the mixed forest soil also showed significantly higher MBC (446.9 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) and WSOC (118.5 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) than the Moso bamboo soil, which were 115.0% and 20.2% higher, respectively. In addition, the activities of cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, and invertase in the soil of the Chinese fir forest were significantly higher than those of the bamboo forest, and the activities of cellobiohydrolase and invertase in the soil of the mixed forest were also significantly higher than that of the Moso bamboo. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between SOC, WSOC, and the activities of cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase, and invertase, while MBC was significantly positively correlated with invertase activity. Mantel tests and Canonical correspondence analysis further highlighted soil pH, MBC, WSOC, and the activities of cellobiohydrolase and invertase as key environmental drivers of the <i>cbh</i>I microbial community structure. Interestingly, Moso bamboo forest soil supported a higher abundance of pathogenic fungi (e.g., <i>Gaeumannomyces</i> and <i>Colletotrichum</i>), while Chinese fir forest soil was enriched with cellulose-degrading bacteria (e.g., <i>Irpex</i> and <i>Pyrenophora</i>), and mixed forest soil exhibited a relatively higher abundance of broad-spectrum degraders (e.g., <i>Clitopilus</i> and <i>Apiotrichum</i>). We conclude that Chinese fir and mixed forests have higher SOC storage, which can create a more favorable soil microenvironment for the cultivation of <i>P. polyphylla</i>. Due to the low SOC storage, the Moso bamboo forest is unfavorable for the growth and development of <i>P. polyphylla</i>.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145697012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soil tillage management is one of the effective measures to restore degraded terrestrial ecosystems; however, the responses of soil and plants to different tillage management in severely degraded alpine meadows have not been well addressed. In this study, three typical native grass species were planted in a degraded alpine meadow using two tillage management measures: the no‐tillage reseeding (RG) and the cultivated grassland (CG). Soil and plant physicochemical properties, along with soil bacterial community structure, were analyzed. Results showed that the coexistence of Cyperaceae and Gramineae in no‐tillage reseeding increased community diversity and shifted dominance from poisonous weeds to desirable functional groups, compared with cultivated grassland and severely degraded alpine meadows. No‐tillage reseeding enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMC), microbial nitrogen (SMN), and microbial phosphorus (SMP) more effectively than cultivated grassland. These improved soil physicochemical properties (particularly soil water content and bulk density) served as key drivers shaping the bacterial communities. Specifically, no‐tillage reseeding enriched carbon cycle‐related functional groups, reduced nitrogen cycle‐related groups, and promoted a more stable plant‐bacterial bipartite network characterized by higher numbers of nodes and links, as well as more positive interactions. Notably, the regulatory effects of no‐tillage reseeding on bacterial communities and functions were directly mediated by soil properties, and were independent of plant community changes. Our findings reveal that no‐tillage reseeding restores degraded alpine meadows via a soil‐centered mechanism: by minimizing disturbance to improve soil structure and nutrient availability, which in turn optimizes plant community structure and bacterial community stability. This process‐based understanding provides a scientific basis for developing effective management strategies for degraded alpine ecosystems.
{"title":"No‐Tillage Reseeding Enhances the Restoration of Degraded Alpine Meadows by Regulating Plant Soil and Bacterial Communities","authors":"Wen Zhao, Yali Yin, Yanlong Wang, Wenxian Zheng, Hansen Gao, Yilong Zhao, Shixiong Li","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70368","url":null,"abstract":"Soil tillage management is one of the effective measures to restore degraded terrestrial ecosystems; however, the responses of soil and plants to different tillage management in severely degraded alpine meadows have not been well addressed. In this study, three typical native grass species were planted in a degraded alpine meadow using two tillage management measures: the no‐tillage reseeding (RG) and the cultivated grassland (CG). Soil and plant physicochemical properties, along with soil bacterial community structure, were analyzed. Results showed that the coexistence of Cyperaceae and Gramineae in no‐tillage reseeding increased community diversity and shifted dominance from poisonous weeds to desirable functional groups, compared with cultivated grassland and severely degraded alpine meadows. No‐tillage reseeding enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and soil microbial biomass carbon (SMC), microbial nitrogen (SMN), and microbial phosphorus (SMP) more effectively than cultivated grassland. These improved soil physicochemical properties (particularly soil water content and bulk density) served as key drivers shaping the bacterial communities. Specifically, no‐tillage reseeding enriched carbon cycle‐related functional groups, reduced nitrogen cycle‐related groups, and promoted a more stable plant‐bacterial bipartite network characterized by higher numbers of nodes and links, as well as more positive interactions. Notably, the regulatory effects of no‐tillage reseeding on bacterial communities and functions were directly mediated by soil properties, and were independent of plant community changes. Our findings reveal that no‐tillage reseeding restores degraded alpine meadows via a soil‐centered mechanism: by minimizing disturbance to improve soil structure and nutrient availability, which in turn optimizes plant community structure and bacterial community stability. This process‐based understanding provides a scientific basis for developing effective management strategies for degraded alpine ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145697228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad Latif Virk, Naeem Ahmad, Muhammad Saleem Arif, Zheng-Rong Kan, Jianying Qi, Awais Shakoor
Intercropping (IC) increases crop productivity by improving soil ecosystem functions and agroecosystem resilience to climatic vulnerabilities, thereby contributing to sustainable agriculture. However, quantitative metrics for assessing IC's role in promoting soil ecosystem functions and agroecosystem stability are not yet widely adopted due to perceived challenges. To address this, we conducted a systematic assessment of 21 meta-analyses to evaluate the overall effects of IC on crop productivity, soil nutrients, microbial abundance, greenhouse gas emissions, and crop protection measures. Our results have shown that IC significantly improved land use efficiency and yield production compared to monocropping. However, IC did not have a positive impact on soil nutrients except for SOC compared to monocropping. Notably, fungal and bacterial abundance were significantly increased under IC, suggesting a belowground microbial facilitation process. Moreover, our results indicate that pest and disease incidence were reduced under IC compared to monocropping. Specifically, legume-based IC greatly decreased disease incidence and increased predator abundance. These results highlight the significant potential of IC to enhance soil ecosystem functions and sustainability, particularly regarding crop yield, microbial abundance, and the biological control of pests and disease incidence. However, the limited effects of IC on soil nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and N2O mitigation highlight the need for further investigations under different soil types and climatic conditions.
{"title":"Interspecific Trade-Offs Between Intercrops Promote Soil Resilience, Agricultural Productivity, and Crop Protection: A Meta-Synthesis","authors":"Ahmad Latif Virk, Naeem Ahmad, Muhammad Saleem Arif, Zheng-Rong Kan, Jianying Qi, Awais Shakoor","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70348","url":null,"abstract":"Intercropping (IC) increases crop productivity by improving soil ecosystem functions and agroecosystem resilience to climatic vulnerabilities, thereby contributing to sustainable agriculture. However, quantitative metrics for assessing IC's role in promoting soil ecosystem functions and agroecosystem stability are not yet widely adopted due to perceived challenges. To address this, we conducted a systematic assessment of 21 meta-analyses to evaluate the overall effects of IC on crop productivity, soil nutrients, microbial abundance, greenhouse gas emissions, and crop protection measures. Our results have shown that IC significantly improved land use efficiency and yield production compared to monocropping. However, IC did not have a positive impact on soil nutrients except for SOC compared to monocropping. Notably, fungal and bacterial abundance were significantly increased under IC, suggesting a belowground microbial facilitation process. Moreover, our results indicate that pest and disease incidence were reduced under IC compared to monocropping. Specifically, legume-based IC greatly decreased disease incidence and increased predator abundance. These results highlight the significant potential of IC to enhance soil ecosystem functions and sustainability, particularly regarding crop yield, microbial abundance, and the biological control of pests and disease incidence. However, the limited effects of IC on soil nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and N<sub>2</sub>O mitigation highlight the need for further investigations under different soil types and climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Land use and cover change (LUCC) is the predominant factor contributing to changes in ecosystem carbon storage (ECS). Studying the relationship between LUCC and ECS is crucial for optimizing regional land use patterns and making informed ecological decisions. However, despite the growing body of research on LUCC and its impact on ECS, there is still a significant gap in understanding the continuous, large‐scale dynamics of ECS over extended periods and the detailed interactions between human activities and climate change in influencing ECS. This study aims to address these gaps by focusing on the comprehensive analysis of ECS dynamics in western China from 1990 to 2020 and predicting LUCC under various future scenarios. This study explored the changes in ECS and its response to LUCC in western China from 1990 to 2020 and predicted LUCC under various projected scenarios: Natural development scenario (NDS), cropland protection scenario (CPS), and ecological priority scenario (EPS) in 2030 using the future land use simulation (FLUS) model. LUCC has a profound landscape reshaping, marked by a retreat of cultivated land and grassland, and the inexorable expansion of built‐up areas. The spatial distribution of ECS exhibited clear clustering, with overall characteristics of “high in the west and south, and low in the east and north,” closely linked to LUCC patterns and topography. In contrast, low ECS areas are often at higher elevations. ECS in Shanxi Province declined from 226.57 Gt in 1990 to 225.59 Gt in 2020, reflecting a loss of 0.98 Gt, largely driven by rapid urban expansion that converted cropland, forest, and grassland. FLUS‐based simulations in 2030 are 224.88 Gt under NDS, 225.41 Gt under CPS, and 227.12 Gt under EPS, indicating that an ecological priority land use pathway best supports carbon storage recovery. Additionally, the analysis of net primary productivity (NPP) reveals significant influences from both human activities and climate change, with the adverse effects of human activities on NPP being more widespread and pronounced than those of climate factors. These findings offer valuable insights for future urban planning and ecological security strategies in the main urban energy areas.
{"title":"Exploring the Spatiotemporal Pattern Evolution of Carbon Storage in Northwestern China","authors":"Xiaojin Qian, Jiarong Yan, Shubo Zhang, Ke Zhang","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70301","url":null,"abstract":"Land use and cover change (LUCC) is the predominant factor contributing to changes in ecosystem carbon storage (ECS). Studying the relationship between LUCC and ECS is crucial for optimizing regional land use patterns and making informed ecological decisions. However, despite the growing body of research on LUCC and its impact on ECS, there is still a significant gap in understanding the continuous, large‐scale dynamics of ECS over extended periods and the detailed interactions between human activities and climate change in influencing ECS. This study aims to address these gaps by focusing on the comprehensive analysis of ECS dynamics in western China from 1990 to 2020 and predicting LUCC under various future scenarios. This study explored the changes in ECS and its response to LUCC in western China from 1990 to 2020 and predicted LUCC under various projected scenarios: Natural development scenario (NDS), cropland protection scenario (CPS), and ecological priority scenario (EPS) in 2030 using the future land use simulation (FLUS) model. LUCC has a profound landscape reshaping, marked by a retreat of cultivated land and grassland, and the inexorable expansion of built‐up areas. The spatial distribution of ECS exhibited clear clustering, with overall characteristics of “high in the west and south, and low in the east and north,” closely linked to LUCC patterns and topography. In contrast, low ECS areas are often at higher elevations. ECS in Shanxi Province declined from 226.57 Gt in 1990 to 225.59 Gt in 2020, reflecting a loss of 0.98 Gt, largely driven by rapid urban expansion that converted cropland, forest, and grassland. FLUS‐based simulations in 2030 are 224.88 Gt under NDS, 225.41 Gt under CPS, and 227.12 Gt under EPS, indicating that an ecological priority land use pathway best supports carbon storage recovery. Additionally, the analysis of net primary productivity (NPP) reveals significant influences from both human activities and climate change, with the adverse effects of human activities on NPP being more widespread and pronounced than those of climate factors. These findings offer valuable insights for future urban planning and ecological security strategies in the main urban energy areas.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Land degradation is currently one of the major threats to global food security and ecosystem stability, often leading to diminished soil organic carbon (SOC) and reduced agricultural productivity. Restoring soil health through sustainable practices is, therefore, paramount, with a critical knowledge gap regarding the synergistic mechanisms between the high‐biomass grass Pennisetum hydridum and the nitrogen‐fixing legume Sesbania cannabina , and how nitrogen management optimizes their combined potential to enhance soil carbon sequestration. Soil carbon sequestration is critical for mitigating climate change and improving soil health in agricultural systems. While well‐studied in forests and grasslands, the interactive effects of planting patterns and nitrogen (N) fertilization on carbon dynamics in cultivated farmland require further exploration. This study investigates the influence of N application levels (0, 100, and 200 kg N ha −1 ) and cropping systems on SOC sequestration and its mechanisms. Through integrated pot and field experiments, changes in SOC components, including particulate organic carbon (POC), readily oxidizable organic carbon (ROC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were assessed. Our findings revealed that cultivated soils significantly enhanced all measured carbon fractions compared to abandoned land, with an increase of 16.01% in soil organic matter, 12.94% in total nitrogen, 46.07% in POC, 31.78% in ROC, and 248.59% in MBC. Higher carbon storage capacity was noted under monocropped Pennisetum hydridum , whereas the leguminous Sesbania cannabina (MSc) contributed significantly to nitrogen fixation and labile carbon pools. The intercropping system (IPc‐Sc) synergized these benefits, boosting carbon sequestration by enhancing organic matter input and stabilizing soil structure more effectively than monocropping. Furthermore, N fertilization significantly altered soil enzyme activities, indicating a shift in microbial‐mediated carbon cycling. However, excessive N application (200 kg N ha −1 ) risked accelerating SOC decomposition. This study demonstrates that intercropping P. hydridum with S. cannabina under optimized N fertilization (100 kg N ha −1 ) effectively enhances soil carbon storage, boosts agroecosystem productivity, and promotes sustainable land management.
土地退化是当前全球粮食安全和生态系统稳定的主要威胁之一，往往导致土壤有机碳（SOC）减少和农业生产力下降。因此，通过可持续实践恢复土壤健康是至关重要的，对于高生物量草狼尾草（Pennisetum hydrim）和固氮豆科植物大蕉（Sesbania cannabina）之间的协同机制，以及氮管理如何优化它们的组合潜力以增强土壤碳固存，存在关键的知识空白。土壤固碳对减缓气候变化和改善农业系统土壤健康至关重要。虽然在森林和草原上已经有了很好的研究，但种植模式和氮肥施肥对耕地碳动态的相互作用还需要进一步探索。研究了不同施氮水平（0、100和200 kg N ha - 1）和不同种植制度对土壤有机碳固存的影响及其机制。通过盆栽和田间综合试验，评价了土壤有机碳组分的变化，包括颗粒有机碳（POC）、易氧化有机碳（ROC）和微生物生物量碳（MBC）。结果表明，与撂荒地相比，耕地显著提高了土壤各组分的碳含量，有机质增加16.01%，全氮增加12.94%，POC增加46.07%，ROC增加31.78%，MBC增加248.59%。单作狼尾草（Pennisetum hydrim）具有较高的碳储存能力，而豆科植物Sesbania cannabina （MSc）对固氮和稳定碳库的贡献显著。间作系统（IPc - Sc）比单作更有效地通过增加有机质输入和稳定土壤结构来促进碳固存。此外，施氮显著改变了土壤酶活性，表明微生物介导的碳循环发生了转变。然而，过量施氮（200 kg N ha - 1）有加速有机碳分解的风险。本研究表明，在优化施氮量（100 kg N ha - 1）条件下，水杨与大麻间作能有效提高土壤碳储量，提高农业生态系统生产力，促进土地可持续经营。
{"title":"Optimizing Nitrogen Application in a Pennisetum hydridum – Sesbania cannabina Intercropping System to Enhance Soil Carbon Sequestration and Soil Health in Agricultural Landscapes","authors":"Rakhwe Kama, Zicheng Yi, Farhan Nabi, Sekouna Diatta, Chongjian Ma, Huashou Li","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70364","url":null,"abstract":"Land degradation is currently one of the major threats to global food security and ecosystem stability, often leading to diminished soil organic carbon (SOC) and reduced agricultural productivity. Restoring soil health through sustainable practices is, therefore, paramount, with a critical knowledge gap regarding the synergistic mechanisms between the high‐biomass grass <jats:italic>Pennisetum hydridum</jats:italic> and the nitrogen‐fixing legume <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Sesbania cannabina</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> , and how nitrogen management optimizes their combined potential to enhance soil carbon sequestration. Soil carbon sequestration is critical for mitigating climate change and improving soil health in agricultural systems. While well‐studied in forests and grasslands, the interactive effects of planting patterns and nitrogen (N) fertilization on carbon dynamics in cultivated farmland require further exploration. This study investigates the influence of N application levels (0, 100, and 200 kg N ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) and cropping systems on SOC sequestration and its mechanisms. Through integrated pot and field experiments, changes in SOC components, including particulate organic carbon (POC), readily oxidizable organic carbon (ROC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were assessed. Our findings revealed that cultivated soils significantly enhanced all measured carbon fractions compared to abandoned land, with an increase of 16.01% in soil organic matter, 12.94% in total nitrogen, 46.07% in POC, 31.78% in ROC, and 248.59% in MBC. Higher carbon storage capacity was noted under monocropped <jats:italic>Pennisetum hydridum</jats:italic> , whereas the leguminous <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>Sesbania cannabina</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> (MSc) contributed significantly to nitrogen fixation and labile carbon pools. The intercropping system (IPc‐Sc) synergized these benefits, boosting carbon sequestration by enhancing organic matter input and stabilizing soil structure more effectively than monocropping. Furthermore, N fertilization significantly altered soil enzyme activities, indicating a shift in microbial‐mediated carbon cycling. However, excessive N application (200 kg N ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) risked accelerating SOC decomposition. This study demonstrates that intercropping <jats:italic>P. hydridum</jats:italic> with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> <jats:italic>S. cannabina</jats:italic> </jats:styled-content> under optimized N fertilization (100 kg N ha <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ) effectively enhances soil carbon storage, boosts agroecosystem productivity, and promotes sustainable land management.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fang Gao, Shuotong Chen, Hechen Dong, Keyao Zhu, Wenhai Mi
Application of soil amendments is an effective management strategy to promote the fertility of highly degraded soil. However, information about the soil carbon (C) mineralization and its temperature sensitivity ( Q10 ) in response to organic amendment sources in mining areas is limited. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the impact of exogenous C sources (corn stover, cattle manure, and chicken manure) and two temperature regimes (25°C and 35°C) on apparent C mineralization in a 90‐day incubation experiment. Results revealed that exogenous organic amendments induced substantially higher CO 2 fluxes during the first 15 days of incubation relative to the non‐C‐amended control, particularly in corn stover treatments. Cumulative CO 2 production was higher in chicken manure than in cattle manure within the initial few days of incubation, while this trend was reversed at the later stage of incubation. The first‐order model showed that the highest C0 values were recorded in the corn stover applied treatment. The increased incubation temperature resulted in a greater C mineralization rate for all treatments. Exogenous C inputs reduced the Q10 value during the 0–30 days incubation period ( p < 0.05) whereas soils with cattle manure sustained the highest Q10 value for the entire 90 days incubation period. Furthermore, the cattle manure addition treatment maximized enzyme activities and microbial α‐diversity at 25°C, highlighting its strong stimulatory effect on soil biochemical processes. Our study suggests that C mineralization and its temperature sensitivity in mine soil are highly dependent on substrate type and exhibit significant variations throughout the incubation period.
{"title":"Contrasting Impacts on Carbon Mineralization Kinetics and Temperature Sensitivity: Role of Exogenous Organic Amendments in Reclaimed Mine Soils","authors":"Fang Gao, Shuotong Chen, Hechen Dong, Keyao Zhu, Wenhai Mi","doi":"10.1002/ldr.70365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.70365","url":null,"abstract":"Application of soil amendments is an effective management strategy to promote the fertility of highly degraded soil. However, information about the soil carbon (C) mineralization and its temperature sensitivity ( <jats:italic>Q</jats:italic> <jats:sub>10</jats:sub> ) in response to organic amendment sources in mining areas is limited. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the impact of exogenous C sources (corn stover, cattle manure, and chicken manure) and two temperature regimes (25°C and 35°C) on apparent C mineralization in a 90‐day incubation experiment. Results revealed that exogenous organic amendments induced substantially higher CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> fluxes during the first 15 days of incubation relative to the non‐C‐amended control, particularly in corn stover treatments. Cumulative CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> production was higher in chicken manure than in cattle manure within the initial few days of incubation, while this trend was reversed at the later stage of incubation. The first‐order model showed that the highest <jats:italic>C</jats:italic> <jats:sub>0</jats:sub> values were recorded in the corn stover applied treatment. The increased incubation temperature resulted in a greater C mineralization rate for all treatments. Exogenous C inputs reduced the <jats:italic>Q</jats:italic> <jats:sub>10</jats:sub> value during the 0–30 days incubation period ( <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05) whereas soils with cattle manure sustained the highest <jats:italic>Q</jats:italic> <jats:sub>10</jats:sub> value for the entire 90 days incubation period. Furthermore, the cattle manure addition treatment maximized enzyme activities and microbial α‐diversity at 25°C, highlighting its strong stimulatory effect on soil biochemical processes. Our study suggests that C mineralization and its temperature sensitivity in mine soil are highly dependent on substrate type and exhibit significant variations throughout the incubation period.","PeriodicalId":203,"journal":{"name":"Land Degradation & Development","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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