Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13348
Y. Plugatar, А. К. Sharmagiy, E. Balykina
Studies in the Crimea have shown that both on the southern coast and in the central foothill region, an adventive pest of plants of the genus Buxus - the boxwood fireweed (Cydalima perspectalis), develops in three generations. Caterpillars of the second - third instars hibernate; their emergence from diapause occurs in early April. The timing and duration of development of each of the three generations of the boxwood firefighter in the conditions of the Crimea were determined, the lifespan of the imago was determined, averaging about two weeks, with some individuals living for more than 20 days. The sex index in adults varies in different generations, depending on the living conditions. Thus, in the central foothill region in the first generation, the ratio of females and males reaches 2: 1, and in the second generation, both the proportion of males and melanistic individuals increases in comparison with typically colored butterflies. In each of the three generations, males emerged from pupae 3-5 days earlier than females. The fertility of melanistic females is higher than that of the typically colored. A spring-summer diapause was observed in caterpillars of II-III instars in the overwintered, first and second generations.
{"title":"Biological characteristics of Сydalima perspectalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Crimea","authors":"Y. Plugatar, А. К. Sharmagiy, E. Balykina","doi":"10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13348","url":null,"abstract":"Studies in the Crimea have shown that both on the southern coast and in the central foothill region, an adventive pest of plants of the genus Buxus - the boxwood fireweed (Cydalima perspectalis), develops in three generations. Caterpillars of the second - third instars hibernate; their emergence from diapause occurs in early April. The timing and duration of development of each of the three generations of the boxwood firefighter in the conditions of the Crimea were determined, the lifespan of the imago was determined, averaging about two weeks, with some individuals living for more than 20 days. The sex index in adults varies in different generations, depending on the living conditions. Thus, in the central foothill region in the first generation, the ratio of females and males reaches 2: 1, and in the second generation, both the proportion of males and melanistic individuals increases in comparison with typically colored butterflies. In each of the three generations, males emerged from pupae 3-5 days earlier than females. The fertility of melanistic females is higher than that of the typically colored. A spring-summer diapause was observed in caterpillars of II-III instars in the overwintered, first and second generations.","PeriodicalId":20414,"journal":{"name":"PLANT PROTECTION NEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81815026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13957
S. Fasulati, O. V. Ivanova
The dominant pests of potato tubers in the Northwestern Region of Russia among the wireworms are the larvae of the click beetle Agriotes lineatus (Coleoptera, Elateridae). Under arid conditions of 2019, the high level of potato tubers damage by wireworms has been recorded in July only. Over dry seasons a short-time contacts of wireworm larvae with food and water sources in the dry soil and their migrations to the deeper and more humid levels are most possible. Under such conditions, the larvae could not be observed during the attractive baits changing or the dig-upping of potato samples, despite the damaged tubers presence. Thus, in case of dry spring the evaluation of the wireworm population density before the potato planting using the standard method of “sample plots” could give the biased results. In this case, it is necessary to undertake the entire complex of preventive measures independently from the results of pest number evaluations over the spring season. It has been shown that the larvae of A. lineatus developed the food preferences for the tubers of different potato varieties during entire vegetative period starting from the potato planting. As a result of the numerous field evaluations over 2015-2019 the resistant varieties Alyi Parus, Liga, Nayada, Sirenevyi Tuman has been distinguished. Preliminary data of the 2019 have shown that the varieties Red Fantasy, Gala, Gusar, Manifest, Rubin and others are also resistant to wireworms.
{"title":"The seasonal dynamics of wireworm activity and damage of the different potato varieties in the northwest of Russia under condition of water deficiency","authors":"S. Fasulati, O. V. Ivanova","doi":"10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13957","url":null,"abstract":"The dominant pests of potato tubers in the Northwestern Region of Russia among the wireworms are the larvae of the click beetle Agriotes lineatus (Coleoptera, Elateridae). Under arid conditions of 2019, the high level of potato tubers damage by wireworms has been recorded in July only. Over dry seasons a short-time contacts of wireworm larvae with food and water sources in the dry soil and their migrations to the deeper and more humid levels are most possible. Under such conditions, the larvae could not be observed during the attractive baits changing or the dig-upping of potato samples, despite the damaged tubers presence. Thus, in case of dry spring the evaluation of the wireworm population density before the potato planting using the standard method of “sample plots” could give the biased results. In this case, it is necessary to undertake the entire complex of preventive measures independently from the results of pest number evaluations over the spring season. It has been shown that the larvae of A. lineatus developed the food preferences for the tubers of different potato varieties during entire vegetative period starting from the potato planting. As a result of the numerous field evaluations over 2015-2019 the resistant varieties Alyi Parus, Liga, Nayada, Sirenevyi Tuman has been distinguished. Preliminary data of the 2019 have shown that the varieties Red Fantasy, Gala, Gusar, Manifest, Rubin and others are also resistant to wireworms.","PeriodicalId":20414,"journal":{"name":"PLANT PROTECTION NEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83614054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13984
I. M. Pazyuk, N. V. Binitskaya
Laboratory experiments were performed to test Orius majusculus and Orius laevigatus suitability for potato protection. The adult bugs released on potato plants infested with Myzus persicae can normally survive, mature, and reproduce. In the absence of prey, the bugs can survive for about a week. And though addition of flower pollen increased survival, insect fecundity remained low. Only feeding by Sitotroga cerealella eggs added to potato plants provided for sustainable fecundity of Orius females laying up to 200 eggs during the lifetime. Thus, O. majusculus can be applied for biological control of aphids on seed potatoes in greenhouses and the grain moth eggs can be used as an additional food for the bugs.
{"title":"Laboratory assessment of the suitability of predatory bugs Orius laevigatus and Orius majusculus as natural enemies of seed potato pests in greenhouses","authors":"I. M. Pazyuk, N. V. Binitskaya","doi":"10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13984","url":null,"abstract":"Laboratory experiments were performed to test Orius majusculus and Orius laevigatus suitability for potato protection. The adult bugs released on potato plants infested with Myzus persicae can normally survive, mature, and reproduce. In the absence of prey, the bugs can survive for about a week. And though addition of flower pollen increased survival, insect fecundity remained low. Only feeding by Sitotroga cerealella eggs added to potato plants provided for sustainable fecundity of Orius females laying up to 200 eggs during the lifetime. Thus, O. majusculus can be applied for biological control of aphids on seed potatoes in greenhouses and the grain moth eggs can be used as an additional food for the bugs.","PeriodicalId":20414,"journal":{"name":"PLANT PROTECTION NEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89047178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13613
R. Abdullayev, E. Radchenko, B. А. Batasheva
Currently, the problem of broadening the diversity of cultivated barley varieties based on the effective genes for resistance to the leaf rust causal agent Puccinia hordei has become relevant. In 2018–2019 the resistance of 925 barley accessions from Ethiopia to the northwestern (St. Petersburg, Pushkin) pathogen population was evaluated. The accessions were sown at a later date, favoring to severe plant damage. The resistance was assessed during the heading period and over the milk ripening stage using a point scale. The results of the experiments have indicated a low diversity of Ethiopian barley according to the studied trait. Only 4 accessions have been resistant to P. hordei, and 3 breeding lines (k-30810, k-30811 and k-30812) have been protected by the previously identified Rph7 gene, which efficiency has been decreasing in recent years. The accession k-21919 has possessed a high level of resistance to the pathogen (i.e. lack of damage symptoms) and therefore it can be recommended for utilization in barley breeding.
{"title":"Leaf rust resistance in barley accessions from Ethiopia","authors":"R. Abdullayev, E. Radchenko, B. А. Batasheva","doi":"10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13613","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the problem of broadening the diversity of cultivated barley varieties based on the effective genes for resistance to the leaf rust causal agent Puccinia hordei has become relevant. In 2018–2019 the resistance of 925 barley accessions from Ethiopia to the northwestern (St. Petersburg, Pushkin) pathogen population was evaluated. The accessions were sown at a later date, favoring to severe plant damage. The resistance was assessed during the heading period and over the milk ripening stage using a point scale. The results of the experiments have indicated a low diversity of Ethiopian barley according to the studied trait. Only 4 accessions have been resistant to P. hordei, and 3 breeding lines (k-30810, k-30811 and k-30812) have been protected by the previously identified Rph7 gene, which efficiency has been decreasing \u0000in recent years. The accession k-21919 has possessed a high level of resistance to the pathogen (i.e. lack of damage symptoms) and therefore it can be recommended for utilization in barley breeding.","PeriodicalId":20414,"journal":{"name":"PLANT PROTECTION NEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84441956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13466
G. Mitina, E. Stepanycheva, A. Choglokova
The effect of the spores of Akanthomyces and Lecanicillium species on the behavioral responses of the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum has been studied. Three strains of the species Akanthomyces muscarius, Lecanicillium pissodis and Lecanicillium dimorphum demonstrated a strong repellency and negative effect for the adult fecundity, causing the decrease of the eggs number up to 70 % in comparison with control. Two other strains of species L. psalliotae and A. muscarius did not affect the behavioral responses and fecundity of whitefly. All studied strains showed high virulence against whitefly larvae at concentration of 5 mln spores/ml causing mortalily rate between 76 and 98 % on the 7th day after treatment. The virulence of species L. dimorphum and L. pissodis was comparable with the virulence of the species A. muscarius, they are traditionally used to produce biopreparations against whitefly. They are promising for the whitefly control. Apparently, the behavioral responses of these pests should be considered for the evaluation of the pathogenic potential of entomopathogenic fungi.
{"title":"The effect of the different species of the entomopathogenic fungi from genera Akanthomyces and Lecanicillium on the behavioral responses and the viability of the Trialeurodes vaporariorum","authors":"G. Mitina, E. Stepanycheva, A. Choglokova","doi":"10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-4-13466","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of the spores of Akanthomyces and Lecanicillium species on the behavioral responses of the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum has been studied. Three strains of the species Akanthomyces muscarius, Lecanicillium pissodis and Lecanicillium dimorphum demonstrated a strong repellency and negative effect for the adult fecundity, causing the decrease of the eggs number up to 70 % in comparison with control. Two other strains of species L. psalliotae and A. muscarius did not affect the behavioral responses and fecundity of whitefly. All studied strains showed high virulence against whitefly larvae at concentration of 5 mln spores/ml causing mortalily rate between 76 and 98 % on the 7th day after treatment. The virulence of species L. dimorphum and L. pissodis was comparable with the virulence of the species A. muscarius, they are traditionally used to produce biopreparations against whitefly. They are promising for the whitefly control. Apparently, the behavioral responses of these pests should be considered for the evaluation of the pathogenic potential of entomopathogenic fungi.","PeriodicalId":20414,"journal":{"name":"PLANT PROTECTION NEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82766672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-22DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-3-13281
N. Zoteyeva
Late blight remains among the main problems of potato industry. Interspecific hybridization with the wild Solanum species is an efficient way to increase the resistance to this disease, though is accompanied with negative traits. To solve this problem, new sources of resistance, including resistant breeding clones with improved agronomic characteristics, are needed. In the present study, we investigated resistance of three hybrid populations derived from crossesbreeding of resistant original clone SW93-1015×adg with susceptible cultivars: ‘Аurora’, ‘Desirée’ and ‘Valor’. High predominance of the resistant plants was found among the hybrids (SW93-1015×adg)×Aurora and (SW93-1015×adg)בDesirée’. The numbers of resistant and susceptible plants within hybrid Valor’×(SW93-1015×adg) were almost equal. Results showed the efficiency of clone SW93-1015×adg as the late blight resistance source. Within each segregating population, the selection of resistant clones was possible. Clone SW93-1015×adg can be used in breeding programs for the hybridization with susceptible cultivars characterized by other useful characteristics.
{"title":"RESISTANCE TO LATE BLIGHT OF POTATO CLONES \u0000IN SEGREGATING HYBRID POPULATIONS","authors":"N. Zoteyeva","doi":"10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-3-13281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-3-13281","url":null,"abstract":"Late blight remains among the main problems of potato industry. Interspecific hybridization with the wild Solanum species is an efficient way to increase the resistance to this disease, though is accompanied with negative traits. To solve this problem, new sources of resistance, including resistant breeding clones with improved agronomic characteristics, are needed. In the present study, we investigated resistance of three hybrid populations derived from crossesbreeding of resistant original clone SW93-1015×adg with susceptible cultivars: ‘Аurora’, ‘Desirée’ and ‘Valor’. High predominance of the resistant plants was found among the hybrids (SW93-1015×adg)×Aurora and (SW93-1015×adg)בDesirée’. The numbers of resistant and susceptible plants within hybrid Valor’×(SW93-1015×adg) were almost equal. Results showed the efficiency of clone SW93-1015×adg as the late blight resistance source. Within each segregating population, the selection of resistant clones was possible. Clone SW93-1015×adg can be used in breeding programs for the hybridization with susceptible cultivars characterized by other useful characteristics.","PeriodicalId":20414,"journal":{"name":"PLANT PROTECTION NEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85372351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-07DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-2-13408
N. Luneva, Y. Fedorova
Based on the materials of freely accessible scientific publications, the distribution maps of three weed species of Lactuca genus were reviewed and updated for Russia: the prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola , the Siberian lettuce Lactuca sibirica and the blue lettuce Lactuca tatarica . The basis for the maps was the online resource “Interactive Agricultural Ecological Atlas of Russia and Neighboring Countries. Economic Plants and their Diseases, Pests and Weeds” published twelve years ago. New data on the distribution of these species as well as recent publications were used in the verification of the distribution of these species in Russia. Corrections and additions were made based on the analysis of published information about the species’ distribution in certain areas and regions, therefore new maps are more reliable and detailed. The data for each region were used to merge areas of occurrence rates designated as “very frequent”, “frequent” and “common” into one “frequent” occurrence zone. Similarly, areas of occurrence rates of “rare”, “very rare”, “infrequent” and “sporadic” were merged into one “infrequent” occurrence zone. Area with “frequent” occurrence rate is identified as the zone of harmfulness. It was shown, that for Siberian lettuce there is no harmfulness zone since this species has habitats in coasts and forest margins and rarely occurs in ruderal and segetal habitats. Its distribution can be classified into zones of “frequent” and “infrequent” abundance.
{"title":"DISTRIBUTION OF THE PRICKLY LETTUCE LACTUCA SERRIOLA, THE SIBERIAN LETTUCE LACTUCA SIBIRICA AND BLUE LETTUCE LACTUCA TATARICA (COMPOSITAE) IN RUSSIA","authors":"N. Luneva, Y. Fedorova","doi":"10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-2-13408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-2-13408","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the materials of freely accessible scientific publications, the distribution maps of three weed species of Lactuca genus were reviewed and updated for Russia: the prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola , the Siberian lettuce Lactuca sibirica and the blue lettuce Lactuca tatarica . The basis for the maps was the online resource “Interactive Agricultural Ecological Atlas of Russia and Neighboring Countries. Economic Plants and their Diseases, Pests and Weeds” published twelve years ago. New data on the distribution of these species as well as recent publications were used in the verification of the distribution of these species in Russia. Corrections and additions were made based on the analysis of published information about the species’ distribution in certain areas and regions, therefore new maps are more reliable and detailed. The data for each region were used to merge areas of occurrence rates designated as “very frequent”, “frequent” and “common” into one “frequent” occurrence zone. Similarly, areas of occurrence rates of “rare”, “very rare”, “infrequent” and “sporadic” were merged into one “infrequent” occurrence zone. Area with “frequent” occurrence rate is identified as the zone of harmfulness. It was shown, that for Siberian lettuce there is no harmfulness zone since this species has habitats in coasts and forest margins and rarely occurs in ruderal and segetal habitats. Its distribution can be classified into zones of “frequent” and “infrequent” abundance.","PeriodicalId":20414,"journal":{"name":"PLANT PROTECTION NEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81900129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-07DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-2-13279
A. Konarev
Digestive hydrolases are the key elements of trophic links in ecosystems. The systems of digestive hydrolases of phytophagous insects have been established during their long-term co-evolution with plants. This is also true for herbivorous bugs, including a dangerous pest of wheat, the Sunn bug (also known as the Sunn pest). Proteases are the main economically significant damage factor of representatives of the genus Eurygaster and other bugs harmful to the wheat grain. Proteases disrupt the structure of gluten and seriously impair the baking qualities of flour. α-Amylases provide assimilation of starch, the main source of energy for these insects. The data on digestive α-amylases and proteases of the Sunn pest remain fragmentary. Little is known regarding the enzymes involved in bugs’ feeding by the vegetative parts of cereals. There are many ways to strengthen gluten damaged by bugs, though not all of them are safe. Proteinaceous inhibitors of proteases and other hydrolases are considered as promising elements to develop safe for health and ecofriendly means to control wheat bugs and reduce their damage to the grain quality. The reduced sensitivity of the Sunn pest proteases to protein inhibitors can be overcome by constructing novel inhibitors based on their known forms, as well as by involving other highly specific approaches, including the use of antibodies to active enzyme centers or RNA interference. The bugs’ proteases themselves can be used in the diagnosis of grain damage, in food technologies and in medicine.
{"title":"DIGESTIVE HYDROLASES OF WHEAT BUGS: PROPERTIES, SIGNIFICANCE AND POSSIBLE WAYS TO LIMIT THEIR ACTIVITY","authors":"A. Konarev","doi":"10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-2-13279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-2-13279","url":null,"abstract":"Digestive hydrolases are the key elements of trophic links in ecosystems. The systems of digestive hydrolases of phytophagous insects have been established during their long-term co-evolution with plants. This is also true for herbivorous bugs, including a dangerous pest of wheat, the Sunn bug (also known as the Sunn pest). Proteases are the main economically significant damage factor of representatives of the genus Eurygaster and other bugs harmful to the wheat grain. Proteases disrupt the structure of gluten and seriously impair the baking qualities of flour. α-Amylases provide assimilation of starch, the main source of energy for these insects. The data on digestive α-amylases and proteases of the Sunn pest remain fragmentary. Little is known regarding the enzymes involved in bugs’ feeding by the vegetative parts of cereals. There are many ways to strengthen gluten damaged by bugs, though not all of them are safe. Proteinaceous inhibitors of proteases and other hydrolases are considered as promising elements to develop safe for health and ecofriendly means to control wheat bugs and reduce their damage to the grain quality. The reduced sensitivity of the Sunn pest proteases to protein inhibitors can be overcome by constructing novel inhibitors based on their known forms, as well as by involving other highly specific approaches, including the use of antibodies to active enzyme centers or RNA interference. The bugs’ proteases themselves can be used in the diagnosis of grain damage, in food technologies and in medicine.","PeriodicalId":20414,"journal":{"name":"PLANT PROTECTION NEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87283623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-07DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-2-4936
O. Baranova
the Omsk stem rust pathogen population 2018 years was used, as well as monopustule isolates PgtF1 and PgtZ1 from Saratov and Rostov pathogen populations. Phytopathological analysis was carried out using standard laboratory methods. The virulence analysis of the P. graminis f. sp. tritici was performed against a set of 20 differentiators (North American differential set) and 35 additional Sr lines. To identify the resistance genes ( Sr2, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26 , Sr28, Sr31, Sr32, Sr35, Sr36, Sr38, Sr57 , and Sr1A1R ), specific primers were used. Among the bread wheat varieties analyzed, those with high resistance to stem rust and known resistance genes were identified: Astarta ( Sr31 ), Vekha ( Sr31 ), Obskaya Ozimaya ( Sr31 ), Leonida ( Sr31 ), Karavan ( Sr31 ), Alekseich ( Sr31 ), Step’ ( Sr31 ), Bezostaya 100 ( Sr31+Sr57 ), Zhiva ( Sr31+Sr57 ) Vanya ( Sr31+Sr57 ) and Velena ( Sr31+Sr28 ). The latter four varieties possessed combinations of the Sr31 gene, effective against Russian populations of P. graminis f. sp. tritici , and Sr28 and Sr57 genes, effective against the Ug99 race group. These features make these varieties promising for cultivation under conditions of epiphytotic development of the pathogen.
{"title":"MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF STEM RUST RESISTANCE GENES IN NEW REGIONAL WHEAT VARIETIES","authors":"O. Baranova","doi":"10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-2-4936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-2-4936","url":null,"abstract":"the Omsk stem rust pathogen population 2018 years was used, as well as monopustule isolates PgtF1 and PgtZ1 from Saratov and Rostov pathogen populations. Phytopathological analysis was carried out using standard laboratory methods. The virulence analysis of the P. graminis f. sp. tritici was performed against a set of 20 differentiators (North American differential set) and 35 additional Sr lines. To identify the resistance genes ( Sr2, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26 , Sr28, Sr31, Sr32, Sr35, Sr36, Sr38, Sr57 , and Sr1A1R ), specific primers were used. Among the bread wheat varieties analyzed, those with high resistance to stem rust and known resistance genes were identified: Astarta ( Sr31 ), Vekha ( Sr31 ), Obskaya Ozimaya ( Sr31 ), Leonida ( Sr31 ), Karavan ( Sr31 ), Alekseich ( Sr31 ), Step’ ( Sr31 ), Bezostaya 100 ( Sr31+Sr57 ), Zhiva ( Sr31+Sr57 ) Vanya ( Sr31+Sr57 ) and Velena ( Sr31+Sr28 ). The latter four varieties possessed combinations of the Sr31 gene, effective against Russian populations of P. graminis f. sp. tritici , and Sr28 and Sr57 genes, effective against the Ug99 race group. These features make these varieties promising for cultivation under conditions of epiphytotic development of the pathogen.","PeriodicalId":20414,"journal":{"name":"PLANT PROTECTION NEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81480378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-19DOI: 10.31993/2308-6459-2020-103-1-37-39
G. Benkovskaya, I. Dubovskiy
Data obtained from toxicological analysis of sensitivity to insecticides in Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in Novosibirsk region evidenced presence of multiresistance to organophosphorus compounds (OPC), neonicotinoids and nereistoxins. High level of sensibility to pyrethroids and phenylpyrazoles is a peculiarity of Novosibirsk population of Colorado beetle. These data as well as high phenotypical similarity of adults from Novosibirsk region and Kazakhstan suggest that population complex of Colorado beetle in Kazakhstan had formed from part of the “settling wave” which did not fall under wide-scale pyrethroids application in the middle zone of Russia in 1980th. Probably,further spreading of this part of Kazakhstan population northwards led to formationof new zones of species naturalization in Siberia.
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