{"title":"The Askaryan Radio Array (ARA)","authors":"K. Hoffman","doi":"10.22323/1.395.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20473,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78181535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapporteur Talk: Gamma Ray Direct","authors":"R. Caputo","doi":"10.22323/1.395.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20473,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84776203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility has been proposed as a space astronomy payload onboard the future China’s Space Station (CSS) aimed to detect charged cosmic-rays and gamma-rays from few GeV to PeV energies. The main science objectives of HERD are searching for dark matter particles, the study of cosmic ray chemical composition and high energy gamma-ray observations. HERDwill extend high precision and high statistics spectral measurements of individual cosmic ray species up to few PeV, reaching the knee of the all-particle spectrum. It will also observe the gamma-ray sky from a few hundred of MeV up to 1 TeV contributing to multi-messenger astronomy together with ground-based high energy gamma-ray telescope and neutrino and gravitational waves detectors.
{"title":"The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility on board the Chinese Space Station: hunting for high-energy cosmic rays","authors":"F. Gargano","doi":"10.22323/1.395.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0026","url":null,"abstract":"The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility has been proposed as a space astronomy payload onboard the future China’s Space Station (CSS) aimed to detect charged cosmic-rays and gamma-rays from few GeV to PeV energies. The main science objectives of HERD are searching for dark matter particles, the study of cosmic ray chemical composition and high energy gamma-ray observations. HERDwill extend high precision and high statistics spectral measurements of individual cosmic ray species up to few PeV, reaching the knee of the all-particle spectrum. It will also observe the gamma-ray sky from a few hundred of MeV up to 1 TeV contributing to multi-messenger astronomy together with ground-based high energy gamma-ray telescope and neutrino and gravitational waves detectors.","PeriodicalId":20473,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81466174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Vovk, J. Biteau, H. Martínez-Huerta, M. Meyer, S. Pita
Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa City, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot Curie, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France Department of Physics and Mathematics, Universidad de Monterrey, Av. Morones Prieto 4500, 66238, San Pedro Garza García NL, México University of Hamburg, Institute for Experimental Physics, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany APC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/IRFU, Obs. de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France E-mail: vovk@icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp, jbiteau.pro@gmail.com,
{"title":"CTA sensitivity for probing cosmology and fundamental physics with gamma rays","authors":"I. Vovk, J. Biteau, H. Martínez-Huerta, M. Meyer, S. Pita","doi":"10.22323/1.395.0894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0894","url":null,"abstract":"Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa City, Chiba, 277-8582, Japan Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot Curie, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France Department of Physics and Mathematics, Universidad de Monterrey, Av. Morones Prieto 4500, 66238, San Pedro Garza García NL, México University of Hamburg, Institute for Experimental Physics, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany APC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/IRFU, Obs. de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France E-mail: vovk@icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp, jbiteau.pro@gmail.com,","PeriodicalId":20473,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81003222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Zanin, H. Abdalla, H. Abe, S. Abe, A. Abusleme, F. Acero, A. Acharyya, V. Acin Portella, K. Ackley, R. Adam, C. Adams, S. S. Adhikari, I. Aguado Ruesga, I. Agudo, R. Aguilera, A. Aguirre Santaella, F. Aharonian, A. Alberdi, R. Alfaro, J. Alfaro, C. Alispach, R. Aloisio, R. Alves Batista, J. Amans, L. Amati, E. Amato, L. Ambrogi, G. Ambrosi, M. Ambrosio, R. Ammendola, J. Anderson, M. Anduze, E. Anguner, L. Antonelli, V. Antonuccio, P. Antoranz, R. Anutarawiramkul, J. Aragunde Gutierrez, C. Aramo, A. Araudo, M. Araya, A. Arbet Engels, C. Arcaro, V. Arendt, C. Armand, T. Armstrong, F. Arqueros, L. Arrabito, B. Arsioli, M. Artero, K. Asano, Y. Ascasibar, J. Aschersleben, M. Ashley, P. Attinà, P. Aubert, C. B. Singh, D. Baack, A. Babić, Michael Backes, V. Baena, S. Bajtlik, A. Baktash, C. Balazs, M. Balbo, O. Ballester, J. Ballet, B. Balmaverde, A. Bamba, R. Bandiera, A. Baquero Larriva, P. Barai, C. Barbier, V. Barbosa Martins, M. Barceló, M. Barkov, M. Barnard, L. Baroncelli, U. Barres de Almeida, J. Barr
{"title":"CTA – the World’s largest ground-based gamma-ray observatory","authors":"R. Zanin, H. Abdalla, H. Abe, S. Abe, A. Abusleme, F. Acero, A. Acharyya, V. Acin Portella, K. Ackley, R. Adam, C. Adams, S. S. Adhikari, I. Aguado Ruesga, I. Agudo, R. Aguilera, A. Aguirre Santaella, F. Aharonian, A. Alberdi, R. Alfaro, J. Alfaro, C. Alispach, R. Aloisio, R. Alves Batista, J. Amans, L. Amati, E. Amato, L. Ambrogi, G. Ambrosi, M. Ambrosio, R. Ammendola, J. Anderson, M. Anduze, E. Anguner, L. Antonelli, V. Antonuccio, P. Antoranz, R. Anutarawiramkul, J. Aragunde Gutierrez, C. Aramo, A. Araudo, M. Araya, A. Arbet Engels, C. Arcaro, V. Arendt, C. Armand, T. Armstrong, F. Arqueros, L. Arrabito, B. Arsioli, M. Artero, K. Asano, Y. Ascasibar, J. Aschersleben, M. Ashley, P. Attinà, P. Aubert, C. B. Singh, D. Baack, A. Babić, Michael Backes, V. Baena, S. Bajtlik, A. Baktash, C. Balazs, M. Balbo, O. Ballester, J. Ballet, B. Balmaverde, A. Bamba, R. Bandiera, A. Baquero Larriva, P. Barai, C. Barbier, V. Barbosa Martins, M. Barceló, M. Barkov, M. Barnard, L. Baroncelli, U. Barres de Almeida, J. Barr","doi":"10.22323/1.395.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20473,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74167791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding the nature of the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays (GCRs and EGCRs) has become especially challenging in light of recent spectral and composition data. Galactic contributions appear to be disfavoured at energies beyond the “second knee” where the composition becomes lighter. At the same time, a dominant EGCR contribution at the “2nd knee” appears unlikely. As a result, the measured flux in the transition region cannot easily be accounted for. With the model-dependence of proposed extensions to both the Galactic and extragalactic contributions, a deeper understanding of CR propagation, particularlywithin theGalacticmagnetic field (GMF), is in order. This is because propagation in this energy range shifts from diffusive to ballistic, which is expected to lead to a number of observable effects on CRs. Using CRPropa3, we study these effects for rigidities between 1016 and 1020 V. We identify various features at rigidities where the gyroradius is comparable to typical length scales of the Galaxy, suggesting causes related to changes in the propagation regime. We further quantify general modifications in the spectrum, composition and arrival direction of GCRs and EGCRs. We find that the GMF naturally induces a flux suppression of GCRs towards higher rigidities due to their increased leakage from the Galaxy. This, in consequence, would lead to an increase in the mean mass of GCR primaries up to energies around the “ankle” in the cosmic ray spectrum. It is also shown that the distribution of GCR arrival directions would be correlated with the Galactic plane for rigidities above 1017 V if sources are distributed evenly within the plane. EGCRs experience no flux modification in the GMF if injected isotropically. Injection of pure dipoles, as well as single source scenarios indicate that the GMF isotropises injected anisotropies below 1018 V, but can still cause flux modifications which depend on the direction of the anisotropy.
{"title":"The effects of the GMF on the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays","authors":"A. Kääpä, K. Kampert, E. Mayotte","doi":"10.22323/1.395.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0004","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the nature of the transition from Galactic to extragalactic cosmic rays (GCRs and EGCRs) has become especially challenging in light of recent spectral and composition data. Galactic contributions appear to be disfavoured at energies beyond the “second knee” where the composition becomes lighter. At the same time, a dominant EGCR contribution at the “2nd knee” appears unlikely. As a result, the measured flux in the transition region cannot easily be accounted for. With the model-dependence of proposed extensions to both the Galactic and extragalactic contributions, a deeper understanding of CR propagation, particularlywithin theGalacticmagnetic field (GMF), is in order. This is because propagation in this energy range shifts from diffusive to ballistic, which is expected to lead to a number of observable effects on CRs. Using CRPropa3, we study these effects for rigidities between 1016 and 1020 V. We identify various features at rigidities where the gyroradius is comparable to typical length scales of the Galaxy, suggesting causes related to changes in the propagation regime. We further quantify general modifications in the spectrum, composition and arrival direction of GCRs and EGCRs. We find that the GMF naturally induces a flux suppression of GCRs towards higher rigidities due to their increased leakage from the Galaxy. This, in consequence, would lead to an increase in the mean mass of GCR primaries up to energies around the “ankle” in the cosmic ray spectrum. It is also shown that the distribution of GCR arrival directions would be correlated with the Galactic plane for rigidities above 1017 V if sources are distributed evenly within the plane. EGCRs experience no flux modification in the GMF if injected isotropically. Injection of pure dipoles, as well as single source scenarios indicate that the GMF isotropises injected anisotropies below 1018 V, but can still cause flux modifications which depend on the direction of the anisotropy.","PeriodicalId":20473,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91426612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is the report on the cosmic ray direct track of the 37 th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), broadly covering the contributions relating to charged cosmic rays (CRs) of Galactic origin. The contributions highlighted here are of both observational and theoretical nature and aim at interpreting the local fluxes of CRs as well as studying the wider dynamical effects of CRs. New data from space-borne experiments on CR electrons and positrons, proton and helium as well as heavier nuclei and their isotopes are reviewed. We cover some models of CR acceleration and their feedback on Galactic scales. Diffuse emission in 𝛾 -rays as far as it concerns the CR spectra in the immediate vicinity of the solar system and CR anisotropies are covered briefly. Some upcoming and proposed experiments are highlighted towards the end.
{"title":"Rapporteur Talk: Cosmic Ray Direct","authors":"P. Mertsch","doi":"10.22323/1.395.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0044","url":null,"abstract":"This is the report on the cosmic ray direct track of the 37 th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), broadly covering the contributions relating to charged cosmic rays (CRs) of Galactic origin. The contributions highlighted here are of both observational and theoretical nature and aim at interpreting the local fluxes of CRs as well as studying the wider dynamical effects of CRs. New data from space-borne experiments on CR electrons and positrons, proton and helium as well as heavier nuclei and their isotopes are reviewed. We cover some models of CR acceleration and their feedback on Galactic scales. Diffuse emission in 𝛾 -rays as far as it concerns the CR spectra in the immediate vicinity of the solar system and CR anisotropies are covered briefly. Some upcoming and proposed experiments are highlighted towards the end.","PeriodicalId":20473,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90773176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Population Studies of Fermi LAT sources","authors":"E. Orlando, Melissa Rasmussen, A. Strong","doi":"10.22323/1.395.0662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0662","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20473,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75360746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interstellar cosmic ray (CR) spectra just outside the heliosphere are accessible thanks to direct measurements of CR, with uncertainties given by the solar modulation. Interstellar CR spectra in the local medium (i.e. within ~1 kpc around the Sun) are indirectly accessible thanks to observations of interstellar emissions in radio/microwaves and in gamma rays produced by CR interactions with the interstellar medium and the Galactic magnetic field. Observations of these interstellar emissions are an invaluable tool for understanding densities and spectra of CR in different places of our Galaxy. The derivation of these spectra depends on model assumptions. Until recently it was believed that CR as directly measured were resembling CR throughout the Galaxy, after accounting for solar modulation and propagation effects. However, present precise data are discordant and are posing significant challenges. Whether interstellar CR spectra just outside the heliosphere and in the local medium are the same is a question that has recently opened again. We present here our effort in answering this question and our recent results.
{"title":"Interstellar cosmic-ray spectra (1) just outside the heliosphere and (2) in the local medium: are they the same?","authors":"E. Orlando","doi":"10.22323/1.395.0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0141","url":null,"abstract":"Interstellar cosmic ray (CR) spectra just outside the heliosphere are accessible thanks to direct measurements of CR, with uncertainties given by the solar modulation. Interstellar CR spectra in the local medium (i.e. within ~1 kpc around the Sun) are indirectly accessible thanks to observations of interstellar emissions in radio/microwaves and in gamma rays produced by CR interactions with the interstellar medium and the Galactic magnetic field. Observations of these interstellar emissions are an invaluable tool for understanding densities and spectra of CR in different places of our Galaxy. The derivation of these spectra depends on model assumptions. Until recently it was believed that CR as directly measured were resembling CR throughout the Galaxy, after accounting for solar modulation and propagation effects. However, present precise data are discordant and are posing significant challenges. Whether interstellar CR spectra just outside the heliosphere and in the local medium are the same is a question that has recently opened again. We present here our effort in answering this question and our recent results.","PeriodicalId":20473,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87989339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapporteur Talk: Gamma Ray Indirect","authors":"A. Mitchell","doi":"10.22323/1.395.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20473,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82288964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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