Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.009
Sergio Cicero , Sergio Arrieta
The notch effect, defined as the increase in the material fracture resistance when the defect that causes the final fracture has a finite (non-negligible) radius on the tip, may be of great importance from a structural integrity point of view. Thus, when containing defects, materials with a large notch effect develop a considerable increase in their load bearing capacity as the radius at the defect tip increases.
On the other hand, Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is a growing technology which, in the case of polymers and polymer-matrix composites, has found (so far) its greatest application in the manufacturing of prototypes. In order to develop FFF polymeric and polymer-matrix composites with engineering applications, such as structural components, it is necessary to have a sound knowledge of their mechanical behavior in the presence of defects. In this work, the fracture behavior of some commonly used FFF polymers and composites (ABS, PLA, PLA-Gr, ASA and ASA-CF), is analyzed. The analysis is performed in both cracked and notched conditions, quantifying their sensitivity to the notch effect.
{"title":"Sensitivity to notch effect of additively manufactured polymers and polymer-matrix composites","authors":"Sergio Cicero , Sergio Arrieta","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The notch effect, defined as the increase in the material fracture resistance when the defect that causes the final fracture has a finite (non-negligible) radius on the tip, may be of great importance from a structural integrity point of view. Thus, when containing defects, materials with a large notch effect develop a considerable increase in their load bearing capacity as the radius at the defect tip increases.</div><div>On the other hand, Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is a growing technology which, in the case of polymers and polymer-matrix composites, has found (so far) its greatest application in the manufacturing of prototypes. In order to develop FFF polymeric and polymer-matrix composites with engineering applications, such as structural components, it is necessary to have a sound knowledge of their mechanical behavior in the presence of defects. In this work, the fracture behavior of some commonly used FFF polymers and composites (ABS, PLA, PLA-Gr, ASA and ASA-CF), is analyzed. The analysis is performed in both cracked and notched conditions, quantifying their sensitivity to the notch effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 56-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.019
Jiongyi Yan , Minghua Cao , Yutai Su , Andrew Gleadall
Angular paths and corners are common in toolpaths in material extrusion additive manufacturing and could affect shear and material flow. This study focuses on 3D printed corners by using short fibre reinforced materials regarding the fibre orientation and mechanics. 3D fibre orientation tensor at different turn angles (30°-150°) was measured, and main-axis alignment was low when it turned orthogonally, while out-of-plane alignment increased with the angles. The fibre orientation closely links to mechanical properties. Tensile tests showed decreasing response force with increasing turn angles, and failure was attributed to fibre pull-out, fibre displacement, and matrix plastic deformation. We built 2D finite-element models of the 150° corner with the composite Hashin damage criterion and energy-based damage evolution law, in order to simulate large deformation failure model. The mechanical simulation successfully captured important features of specimen fracture due to crack initiation and propagation, which agreed with the experiment. Finally, cyclic tensile of displacement-controlled modes showed fast mechanical degradation of the sharp corners (greater turn angles) and compliance of smaller turn angles. This study highlights the variation of fibre orientation and mechanical weakness at corners, especially for sharp corners. It may enlighten design strategies (e.g. lattices with angular corners) to control fibre orientation and avoid mechanical weakness.
{"title":"Effects of Angular Corners on Short Fiber Orientation and Mechanical Integrity in Extrusion 3D Printing","authors":"Jiongyi Yan , Minghua Cao , Yutai Su , Andrew Gleadall","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Angular paths and corners are common in toolpaths in material extrusion additive manufacturing and could affect shear and material flow. This study focuses on 3D printed corners by using short fibre reinforced materials regarding the fibre orientation and mechanics. 3D fibre orientation tensor at different turn angles (30°-150°) was measured, and main-axis alignment was low when it turned orthogonally, while out-of-plane alignment increased with the angles. The fibre orientation closely links to mechanical properties. Tensile tests showed decreasing response force with increasing turn angles, and failure was attributed to fibre pull-out, fibre displacement, and matrix plastic deformation. We built 2D finite-element models of the 150° corner with the composite Hashin damage criterion and energy-based damage evolution law, in order to simulate large deformation failure model. The mechanical simulation successfully captured important features of specimen fracture due to crack initiation and propagation, which agreed with the experiment. Finally, cyclic tensile of displacement-controlled modes showed fast mechanical degradation of the sharp corners (greater turn angles) and compliance of smaller turn angles. This study highlights the variation of fibre orientation and mechanical weakness at corners, especially for sharp corners. It may enlighten design strategies (e.g. lattices with angular corners) to control fibre orientation and avoid mechanical weakness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.025
Koji Uenishi
The wave field generated by dynamic fracture in elastic solids varies considerably depending on the Mach numbers, i.e. the ratios between the speed of the propagating fracture tip and the longitudinal (P) and shear (S) wave speeds. However, the wave field itself is symmetric with respect to the fracture plane as long as the fracture propagates in a straight manner. This symmetry is held even when fracture propagates straightly along a plane of weakness (interface) between identical solids, and therefore, in order to break the symmetry, usually, fracture propagation along an interface between dissimilar solids is considered. Here, another possibility to break the symmetry, namely, fracture propagation along a curved interface between identical solids, is investigated. As simply expected, two-dimensional finite difference numerical simulations of fracture (an energy source) moving dynamically along a circular or an arc-shaped loose interface show that the wave field becomes indeed asymmetric with respect to the interface, and the induced waves can be strongly confined to specific regions on the convex side of the interface regardless of the Mach numbers. Possible influences of this asymmetric wave confining or focusing due to the existence of curved interfaces are considered by treating real phenomena found in the event of the 2024 Noto Peninsula, Japan, earthquake.
{"title":"On dynamic fracture along curved planes of weakness","authors":"Koji Uenishi","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The wave field generated by dynamic fracture in elastic solids varies considerably depending on the Mach numbers, i.e. the ratios between the speed of the propagating fracture tip and the longitudinal (P) and shear (S) wave speeds. However, the wave field itself is symmetric with respect to the fracture plane as long as the fracture propagates in a straight manner. This symmetry is held even when fracture propagates straightly along a plane of weakness (interface) between identical solids, and therefore, in order to break the symmetry, usually, fracture propagation along an interface between dissimilar solids is considered. Here, another possibility to break the symmetry, namely, fracture propagation along a curved interface between identical solids, is investigated. As simply expected, two-dimensional finite difference numerical simulations of fracture (an energy source) moving dynamically along a circular or an arc-shaped loose interface show that the wave field becomes indeed asymmetric with respect to the interface, and the induced waves can be strongly confined to specific regions on the convex side of the interface regardless of the Mach numbers. Possible influences of this asymmetric wave confining or focusing due to the existence of curved interfaces are considered by treating real phenomena found in the event of the 2024 Noto Peninsula, Japan, earthquake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 183-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.292
Mehmet F. Yaren , Luca Susmel
This study presents a novel fatigue life prediction method for plain and notched polylactide (PLA) structures manufactured with different in-fill levels via additive manufacturing. The proposed method models additively manufactured PLA with internal voids as a continuous, homogeneous, linear-elastic, and isotropic material. The effect of these voids is represented by an equivalent crack, whose size is related to the void size. This approach provides a practical and accurate way to estimate the fatigue life of both plain and notched components, even when manufactured with different in-fill levels. The predicted fatigue lives agree with the experimental results obtained from specimens in different raster angles and in-fill levels.
{"title":"A Homogenised Material Approach to Predict Fatigue Life of Additively Manufactured PLA with Different In-fill Levels","authors":"Mehmet F. Yaren , Luca Susmel","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel fatigue life prediction method for plain and notched polylactide (PLA) structures manufactured with different in-fill levels via additive manufacturing. The proposed method models additively manufactured PLA with internal voids as a continuous, homogeneous, linear-elastic, and isotropic material. The effect of these voids is represented by an equivalent crack, whose size is related to the void size. This approach provides a practical and accurate way to estimate the fatigue life of both plain and notched components, even when manufactured with different in-fill levels. The predicted fatigue lives agree with the experimental results obtained from specimens in different raster angles and in-fill levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"76 ","pages":"Pages 99-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.001
Claudia Barile , Vimalathithan Paramsamy Kannan
The autonomous healing of polymeric matrices in the fibre-reinforced composites has received significant attention in recent years. This research investigates the ability of an intrinsically healable polymer resin to heal internal defects in a fibre-dense composite. Unstable internal defects are created in a self-healing Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer composites (CFRPs) using a three-point bending setup. Mild heat is applied as an external stimulus to heal the damaged composites. Mechanical performance recovery is evaluated by testing the virgin, damaged, and healed composites under flexural loads. The test results reveal a marginal recovery of flexural properties after healing. The damage progression in the composites, as well as the rationale behind this marginal recovery of the flexural properties are evaluated using Acoustic Emission (AE) tests. Machine Learning (ML)-based unsupervised data clustering and Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) are employed to analyse the parameter-based and signal-based AE data, respectively. The results are further validated using microscopic analysis. These results suggest that the healing process has altered the damage progression path in the self-healing CFRPs and is responsible for the recovery of flexural properties.
{"title":"Fibre-Reinforced Self-Healing Composites: Mechanical Characterisation using Acoustic Emission Technique","authors":"Claudia Barile , Vimalathithan Paramsamy Kannan","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The autonomous healing of polymeric matrices in the fibre-reinforced composites has received significant attention in recent years. This research investigates the ability of an intrinsically healable polymer resin to heal internal defects in a fibre-dense composite. Unstable internal defects are created in a self-healing Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer composites (CFRPs) using a three-point bending setup. Mild heat is applied as an external stimulus to heal the damaged composites. Mechanical performance recovery is evaluated by testing the virgin, damaged, and healed composites under flexural loads. The test results reveal a marginal recovery of flexural properties after healing. The damage progression in the composites, as well as the rationale behind this marginal recovery of the flexural properties are evaluated using Acoustic Emission (AE) tests. Machine Learning (ML)-based unsupervised data clustering and Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) are employed to analyse the parameter-based and signal-based AE data, respectively. The results are further validated using microscopic analysis. These results suggest that the healing process has altered the damage progression path in the self-healing CFRPs and is responsible for the recovery of flexural properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.286
Luca Esposito , Matteo Bruno , Moreno Nacca
The fatigue performance of components produced via selective laser melting technology is strongly influenced by several factors as printing process parameters, build orientation and internal defects. This study investigates the fatigue behavior of AlSi10Mg specimens with machined surfaces, emphasizing the unusually high variability in lifetimes observed in samples built in the Z direction. A refined Weibull statistical approach, accounting for defect-induced scatter and supported by fractographic analysis, is proposed. The novel bimodal probabilistic framework, calibrated through maximum likelihood estimation method, distinguishes between two dominant defect types—porosity and lack of fusion—enabling a more accurate description of fatigue life distributions. The model successfully captures defect-specific fatigue limits and offers a robust method for integrating defect morphology into lifetime predictions, with strong implications for engineering design and reliability assessment of additively manufactured components.
{"title":"Enhanced Weibull Formulation for Capturing Fatigue Life Scatter in AM Alloys Supported by Fractographic Analysis","authors":"Luca Esposito , Matteo Bruno , Moreno Nacca","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fatigue performance of components produced via selective laser melting technology is strongly influenced by several factors as printing process parameters, build orientation and internal defects. This study investigates the fatigue behavior of AlSi10Mg specimens with machined surfaces, emphasizing the unusually high variability in lifetimes observed in samples built in the Z direction. A refined Weibull statistical approach, accounting for defect-induced scatter and supported by fractographic analysis, is proposed. The novel bimodal probabilistic framework, calibrated through maximum likelihood estimation method, distinguishes between two dominant defect types—porosity and lack of fusion—enabling a more accurate description of fatigue life distributions. The model successfully captures defect-specific fatigue limits and offers a robust method for integrating defect morphology into lifetime predictions, with strong implications for engineering design and reliability assessment of additively manufactured components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"76 ","pages":"Pages 50-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.285
R. Fernandes , J.S. Jesus , L.P. Borrego , J.A.M. Ferreira , R. Branco , J.D.M. Costa
Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) enables the 3D printing of components in Aluminium alloys, widely used high-performance engineering applications, whereby it is fundamental the understanding of in-service fatigue behaviour. Current paper is focused on the fatigue crack propagation of AlSi10Mg aluminium alloy using CT specimens. The tested material conditions included as-built (AB), as-built shot-peened (AB+SP), stress-relieved (SR) and stress-relieved shot-peened (SR+SP), loaded in mode I. The purpose of the work was to understand the correlation between post-built treatments, residual stresses, porosity defect levels and fatigue crack growth (FCG), including transient regime after overload applications. The porosity levels were obtained by tomography technique. The residual stress relief and their subsequent stabilization were the main mechanisms responsible for improving the fatigue crack growth resistance. The as-built shot-peened condition showed minimal influence on FCG rates in the near-threshold regime but did increase the threshold value. At higher ΔK values, the FCG behaviour of as-built and as-built shot-peened specimens was similar, and for stress-relieved specimens, shot-peening treatment provided no notable benefit, as FCG rates for stress-relieved and stress-relieved shot-peened conditions were comparable.
{"title":"Effect of shot peening and heat treatments on the fatigue crack propagation on AlSi10Mg alloy specimens produced by L-PBF","authors":"R. Fernandes , J.S. Jesus , L.P. Borrego , J.A.M. Ferreira , R. Branco , J.D.M. Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2025.12.285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) enables the 3D printing of components in Aluminium alloys, widely used high-performance engineering applications, whereby it is fundamental the understanding of in-service fatigue behaviour. Current paper is focused on the fatigue crack propagation of AlSi10Mg aluminium alloy using CT specimens. The tested material conditions included as-built (AB), as-built shot-peened (AB+SP), stress-relieved (SR) and stress-relieved shot-peened (SR+SP), loaded in mode I. The purpose of the work was to understand the correlation between post-built treatments, residual stresses, porosity defect levels and fatigue crack growth (FCG), including transient regime after overload applications. The porosity levels were obtained by tomography technique. The residual stress relief and their subsequent stabilization were the main mechanisms responsible for improving the fatigue crack growth resistance. The as-built shot-peened condition showed minimal influence on FCG rates in the near-threshold regime but did increase the threshold value. At higher ΔK values, the FCG behaviour of as-built and as-built shot-peened specimens was similar, and for stress-relieved specimens, shot-peening treatment provided no notable benefit, as FCG rates for stress-relieved and stress-relieved shot-peened conditions were comparable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"76 ","pages":"Pages 43-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adhesive joints are widely employed due to their advantages over traditional joining methods such as welding and bolting. Among different configurations, overlap tubular adhesive joints are formed by inserting a smaller-diameter tube into a larger one, which are bonded to provide a solution with attractive strength-to-weight ratio, stress distribution, and corrosion resistance. This study numerically evaluates the performance of overlap tubular joints by comparing three adherend materials and analyzing the effect of overlap length (LO). A numerical approach based on Cohesive Zone Models (CZM) was used and initially validated against experimental data. The results demonstrated that both the adherend and adhesive stiffness significantly impact joint strength. The highest tensile strength was observed in joints using DIN 55Si7 steel adherends bonded with the Araldite® AV138 adhesive.
{"title":"Energetic evaluation of tubular adhesive joints: adherend material effect","authors":"C.F.F. Gomes , R.D.S.G. Campilho , A.J.A. Vieira , D.C. Gonçalves , K. Madani","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adhesive joints are widely employed due to their advantages over traditional joining methods such as welding and bolting. Among different configurations, overlap tubular adhesive joints are formed by inserting a smaller-diameter tube into a larger one, which are bonded to provide a solution with attractive strength-to-weight ratio, stress distribution, and corrosion resistance. This study numerically evaluates the performance of overlap tubular joints by comparing three adherend materials and analyzing the effect of overlap length (<em>L</em><sub>O</sub>). A numerical approach based on Cohesive Zone Models (CZM) was used and initially validated against experimental data. The results demonstrated that both the adherend and adhesive stiffness significantly impact joint strength. The highest tensile strength was observed in joints using DIN 55Si7 steel adherends bonded with the Araldite® AV138 adhesive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 95-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.077
Francisco Castro , Francisco Queirós de Melo , David Faria , Job Silva , João Nunes , Bruno Sousa , Pedro Sousa , Mário Vaz , Pedro Moreira
A vehicle’s center of gravity (CoG) height often changes in SUVs, military vehicles and heavy vehicles such as trucks or buses, due to load conditions variations. Since this parameter influences the dynamic behavior of vehicles, being considered the most important parameter for the occurrence of un-tripped rollovers, the accurate knowledge of CoG height is fundamental for the design and implementation of effective rollover prevention strategies and for improving the performance of active safety systems. Contrary to the longitudinal and lateral CoG position estimation, there isn’t any equipment that measures the CoG height position of a vehicle directly. Thus, the estimation of this parameter still remains a challenge due to the high computational burden and associated costs, despite the developments in the last 15 years.
This study proposes two different approaches for estimating the vehicle’s CoG height in motion, by using a longitudinal dynamic model which relies on a braking maneuver and a roll dynamics approach that relies on a cornering maneuver. Both methods use vehicle characteristics which are easy to measure or can be provided by the manufacturers, and the other parameters can be obtained from sensors which can easily be installed on a vehicle.
In order to validate the proposed method, experimental tests were conducted using a prototype vehicle (rc-vehicle) for various driving scenarios considering different load conditions. The consequent results were compared with ones obtained through static methods, exhibiting good accuracy. Therefore, the method proposed to estimate the CoG height position can be implemented to assist the vehicle in monitoring real-time rollover risk and improving the accuracy of vehicle safety control system, or act as a warning system to the driver.
{"title":"An experimental evaluation of a vehicle’s center of gravity (CoG) height in motion","authors":"Francisco Castro , Francisco Queirós de Melo , David Faria , Job Silva , João Nunes , Bruno Sousa , Pedro Sousa , Mário Vaz , Pedro Moreira","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A vehicle’s center of gravity (CoG) height often changes in SUVs, military vehicles and heavy vehicles such as trucks or buses, due to load conditions variations. Since this parameter influences the dynamic behavior of vehicles, being considered the most important parameter for the occurrence of un-tripped rollovers, the accurate knowledge of CoG height is fundamental for the design and implementation of effective rollover prevention strategies and for improving the performance of active safety systems. Contrary to the longitudinal and lateral CoG position estimation, there isn’t any equipment that measures the CoG height position of a vehicle directly. Thus, the estimation of this parameter still remains a challenge due to the high computational burden and associated costs, despite the developments in the last 15 years.</div><div>This study proposes two different approaches for estimating the vehicle’s CoG height in motion, by using a longitudinal dynamic model which relies on a braking maneuver and a roll dynamics approach that relies on a cornering maneuver. Both methods use vehicle characteristics which are easy to measure or can be provided by the manufacturers, and the other parameters can be obtained from sensors which can easily be installed on a vehicle.</div><div>In order to validate the proposed method, experimental tests were conducted using a prototype vehicle (rc-vehicle) for various driving scenarios considering different load conditions. The consequent results were compared with ones obtained through static methods, exhibiting good accuracy. Therefore, the method proposed to estimate the CoG height position can be implemented to assist the vehicle in monitoring real-time rollover risk and improving the accuracy of vehicle safety control system, or act as a warning system to the driver.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 611-630"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.018
Martin Matušů , Jan Papuga , David Blaha , Bastian Roidl , Jakub Rosenthal , Jan Šimota , Lorenzo Pagliari , Franco Concli
This study explores the fatigue behavior of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg components under cyclic loading, with a specific focus on the influence of specimen position on the build platform (BP) on its fatigue life. Utilizing the well-established Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) process—specifically the Concept Laser M2 system—experimental data collected over the past four years, including distinct S-N curves, have been used to identify regions of reduced fatigue performance across the build platform.
To systematically investigate this spatial variation, each built platform was analyzed individually, with particular attention paid to unpredictable specimens and their precise locations on the print bed. A dedicated experimental platform of fatigue specimens was prepared, comprising 44 specimens divided into two groups of applied load levels. This setup enabled the first quantitative assessment of the correlation between spatial build position and fatigue strength in L-PBF-fabricated AlSi10Mg.
In addition, four different heat treatment conditions were evaluated to understand their impact on fatigue resistance. Special emphasis was placed on the manufacturer-recommended thermal treatment for AlSi10Mg, providing a comprehensive perspective on the interplay between printing position, thermal processing, and fatigue performance. These findings offer critical insights for optimizing additive manufacturing strategies in demanding structural applications.
{"title":"Influence of build position on the fatigue performance of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg specimens of various heat treatments","authors":"Martin Matušů , Jan Papuga , David Blaha , Bastian Roidl , Jakub Rosenthal , Jan Šimota , Lorenzo Pagliari , Franco Concli","doi":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prostr.2026.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the fatigue behavior of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg components under cyclic loading, with a specific focus on the influence of specimen position on the build platform (BP) on its fatigue life. Utilizing the well-established Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) process—specifically the Concept Laser M2 system—experimental data collected over the past four years, including distinct S-N curves, have been used to identify regions of reduced fatigue performance across the build platform.</div><div>To systematically investigate this spatial variation, each built platform was analyzed individually, with particular attention paid to unpredictable specimens and their precise locations on the print bed. A dedicated experimental platform of fatigue specimens was prepared, comprising 44 specimens divided into two groups of applied load levels. This setup enabled the first quantitative assessment of the correlation between spatial build position and fatigue strength in L-PBF-fabricated AlSi10Mg.</div><div>In addition, four different heat treatment conditions were evaluated to understand their impact on fatigue resistance. Special emphasis was placed on the manufacturer-recommended thermal treatment for AlSi10Mg, providing a comprehensive perspective on the interplay between printing position, thermal processing, and fatigue performance. These findings offer critical insights for optimizing additive manufacturing strategies in demanding structural applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20518,"journal":{"name":"Procedia Structural Integrity","volume":"77 ","pages":"Pages 127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号