Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.043
Bernd Bertschinger , Kathrin Hoffmann , Jan Baumgärtner , Gajanan Kanagalingam , Jürgen Fleischer , Oliver Sawodny , Stephan Reichelt
For decades, laser tracker and total stations have been the state of the art to measure externally the position disturbances in robotic systems. High system costs limit their usage for control systems in common production machines. We present details for an alternative software-driven approach. First, we derive a metrological error model for a new self-referencing, high-precision photogrammetry sensor system. Second, we propose a heuristic software approach, which combines an optical simulation pipeline, with motion planning and camera placement to achieve the best possible accuracy. Finally, we outline the hardware implementation and integration in a closed loop control system.
{"title":"A new Software Driven external Sensor System for Industrial Robots","authors":"Bernd Bertschinger , Kathrin Hoffmann , Jan Baumgärtner , Gajanan Kanagalingam , Jürgen Fleischer , Oliver Sawodny , Stephan Reichelt","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For decades, laser tracker and total stations have been the state of the art to measure externally the position disturbances in robotic systems. High system costs limit their usage for control systems in common production machines. We present details for an alternative software-driven approach. First, we derive a metrological error model for a new self-referencing, high-precision photogrammetry sensor system. Second, we propose a heuristic software approach, which combines an optical simulation pipeline, with motion planning and camera placement to achieve the best possible accuracy. Finally, we outline the hardware implementation and integration in a closed loop control system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 246-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.063
Timo Rinschede , Moritz Fuß , Rainer Brockmann , Dirk Biermann
In order to be able to create internal contours in small bores even at large machining depths, a tool system is being developed that combines the characteristics of internal turning with those of the bottle boring technology. In this way, the weight of components can be reduced and the load capacity as well as the functionality increased. In a first development step, a stationary tool system was designed, manufactured and implemented for this purpose. Subsequently, a rotatable system is being developed in order to enable extended usability.
{"title":"Tool Development For Deep Internal Contouring To Produce Shape-Optimised, Sustainable Components","authors":"Timo Rinschede , Moritz Fuß , Rainer Brockmann , Dirk Biermann","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to be able to create internal contours in small bores even at large machining depths, a tool system is being developed that combines the characteristics of internal turning with those of the bottle boring technology. In this way, the weight of components can be reduced and the load capacity as well as the functionality increased. In a first development step, a stationary tool system was designed, manufactured and implemented for this purpose. Subsequently, a rotatable system is being developed in order to enable extended usability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 363-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.066
Peter M. Simon , Max Werrel , Maximilian Berndt , Tim Reeber , Jens Henninger , Ralph Traphöner , Matthias Klar , Benjamin Kirsch , Hans-Christian Möhring , Jan C. Aurich
In industrial practice, cutting tools are often changed early to maintain process reliability, which results in increased tool costs and unused potential. Machine learning (ML) based tool condition monitoring can be used to detect tool wear and reduce the risk of tool failure; facilitating longer tool operation times. However, these models have not found widespread use in industrial practice. Therefore, this paper presents an approach on how ML models can be integrated into the business models of tool manufacturers. It is shown how anomaly detection models and the prediction of remaining useful life serve as the foundation for this purpose.
{"title":"Enhancing machining efficiency: Integrating machine-learning-based cutting tool condition monitoring in industrial application","authors":"Peter M. Simon , Max Werrel , Maximilian Berndt , Tim Reeber , Jens Henninger , Ralph Traphöner , Matthias Klar , Benjamin Kirsch , Hans-Christian Möhring , Jan C. Aurich","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In industrial practice, cutting tools are often changed early to maintain process reliability, which results in increased tool costs and unused potential. Machine learning (ML) based tool condition monitoring can be used to detect tool wear and reduce the risk of tool failure; facilitating longer tool operation times. However, these models have not found widespread use in industrial practice. Therefore, this paper presents an approach on how ML models can be integrated into the business models of tool manufacturers. It is shown how anomaly detection models and the prediction of remaining useful life serve as the foundation for this purpose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 381-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many complex components may contain thin-walled sections which are mainly produced by machining operation. These thin-walled sections are likely to deform during machining due to cutting forces resulting into form error in the final component. During machining, cutting force is the major controlling parameter determining the part quality, productivity and energy consumption. The current study mainly aims to estimate longitudinal, tangential and radial force components in thin-wall turning through machine learning algorithms. The required data for the development of the predictive models are obtained through turning investigations conducted for various cutting conditions. Results acquired by the predictive models are compared with the experimental ones over a wide range of cutting conditions. The present work will be helpful to predict the form error of thin-walled turned components. The expense of conducting multiple machining operation will be reduced with the help of such force model by predicting various force components, which will help in lowering the energy consumption and decreasing carbon foot prints.
{"title":"Machine Learning Based Cutting Force Prediction in Thin-Wall Turning Operation","authors":"Pronamika Borthakur, Ashrut Sharma, Shrikant Shankarrao Pawar, Tufan Chandra Bera, Kuldip Singh Sangwan","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many complex components may contain thin-walled sections which are mainly produced by machining operation. These thin-walled sections are likely to deform during machining due to cutting forces resulting into form error in the final component. During machining, cutting force is the major controlling parameter determining the part quality, productivity and energy consumption. The current study mainly aims to estimate longitudinal, tangential and radial force components in thin-wall turning through machine learning algorithms. The required data for the development of the predictive models are obtained through turning investigations conducted for various cutting conditions. Results acquired by the predictive models are compared with the experimental ones over a wide range of cutting conditions. The present work will be helpful to predict the form error of thin-walled turned components. The expense of conducting multiple machining operation will be reduced with the help of such force model by predicting various force components, which will help in lowering the energy consumption and decreasing carbon foot prints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 421-426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.059
Erkut Sarikaya , Roman Morozov , Matthias Weigold
From the machining of difficult-to-cut materials, it is known that tools can be pulled out of the tool holder leading to a significant loss of workpiece quality and tool breakage. To prevent such costly failures, it is of high interest either to detect the occurrence of tool pullout before any critical threshold is exceeded or to avoid it. This paper investigates tool pullout during milling and introduces a model to quantify compensating tool length offsets using high-frequency machine data. For validating purposes, end milling experiments with varying cutting parameters were conducted where the actual tool pullout length was measured after each cutting cycle, and machine data were acquired with an industrial edge computer. The results show that the algorithm robustly detects the occurrence of tool pullout. Due to an undefined physical relationship between the axial tool pullout and the rotational twist, the tool pullout length cannot yet be determined exactly, so further investigations are necessary.
{"title":"In-process tool pullout monitoring during milling based on internal machine tool data","authors":"Erkut Sarikaya , Roman Morozov , Matthias Weigold","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>From the machining of difficult-to-cut materials, it is known that tools can be pulled out of the tool holder leading to a significant loss of workpiece quality and tool breakage. To prevent such costly failures, it is of high interest either to detect the occurrence of tool pullout before any critical threshold is exceeded or to avoid it. This paper investigates tool pullout during milling and introduces a model to quantify compensating tool length offsets using high-frequency machine data. For validating purposes, end milling experiments with varying cutting parameters were conducted where the actual tool pullout length was measured after each cutting cycle, and machine data were acquired with an industrial edge computer. The results show that the algorithm robustly detects the occurrence of tool pullout. Due to an undefined physical relationship between the axial tool pullout and the rotational twist, the tool pullout length cannot yet be determined exactly, so further investigations are necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 340-345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.086
Eckart Uhlmann , Christian Grimm , Enrico Barth , Kaissar Nabbout , Martin Sommerfeld , Benjamin Bock-Marbach , Jörg Kuhnert
Enhancement of a finite pointset method (FPM) based wet cutting simulation are achieved by two measures in this study. Firstly, an experimental determination of the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) is performed by jet cooling a hot plate and using the resulting temperature field for three-dimensional inverse heat conduction simulation. Following the subsequent integration of the HTC into the cutting simulation, the second measure involves the implementation of a temperature-dependent coolant phase transition functionality which allows the modelling of evaporation. The final analyses carried out with the resulting cutting simulation model show the local distribution of coolant vapor around the chip.
{"title":"Liquid-vapor phase transitions in wet cutting simulations","authors":"Eckart Uhlmann , Christian Grimm , Enrico Barth , Kaissar Nabbout , Martin Sommerfeld , Benjamin Bock-Marbach , Jörg Kuhnert","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancement of a finite pointset method (FPM) based wet cutting simulation are achieved by two measures in this study. Firstly, an experimental determination of the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) is performed by jet cooling a hot plate and using the resulting temperature field for three-dimensional inverse heat conduction simulation. Following the subsequent integration of the HTC into the cutting simulation, the second measure involves the implementation of a temperature-dependent coolant phase transition functionality which allows the modelling of evaporation. The final analyses carried out with the resulting cutting simulation model show the local distribution of coolant vapor around the chip.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 498-503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.091
Eamonn Ahearne , Michael Donohue
Atmospheric gases are an ubiquitous part of earth-bound machining processes including grinding. However, there are only a few publications from the 1960’s on the role of these gases, invariably demonstrating pronounced effects when grinding is undertaken in a vacuum or inert gas. The objective of the present research is to address the many open questions given changes in knowledge and technologies in the intervening years. The reported results confirm the findings of higher traction forces, power levels and heating of the surface accordingly. Based on a developed micro-kinematical model, an alternative theory is propounded on the fundamental causal mechanisms.
{"title":"The effect of atmospheric gases on the fundamental mechanisms in grinding","authors":"Eamonn Ahearne , Michael Donohue","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atmospheric gases are an ubiquitous part of earth-bound machining processes including grinding. However, there are only a few publications from the 1960’s on the role of these gases, invariably demonstrating pronounced effects when grinding is undertaken in a vacuum or inert gas. The objective of the present research is to address the many open questions given changes in knowledge and technologies in the intervening years. The reported results confirm the findings of higher traction forces, power levels and heating of the surface accordingly. Based on a developed micro-kinematical model, an alternative theory is propounded on the fundamental causal mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 528-533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.093
Berend Denkena , Benjamin Bergmann , Michael Keitel , Michael Zenger , Vannila Prasanthan
Grinding is an energy-intensive manufacturing process, which converts a large part of energy into heat, possibly causing critical damage to the tool or workpiece. Therefore, energy-consuming cooling of the process is required. Currently efforts are being made to completely eliminate the use of metalworking fluid during grinding. Therefore, this paper investigates the influence of process parameters on the resulting surface and subsurface properties while dry grinding. It was shown that with suitable process control, constant compressive residual stresses can be induced in the subsurface, whereby the level of residual stresses is particularly influenced by the cutting speed as a result of the power input. A significant influence on the surface roughness was not observed. On average, the roughness values R10z were 3.2 µm and Ra 0.45 µm.
In addition, the influence of an XHV-adequate atmosphere on the grinding process and the grinding result was investigated, as recent research results show positive effects on the friction behavior. In this case, constant compressive residual stresses were also applied in the subsurface. The resulting surface integrity was on average R10z = 4.67 µm and Ra = 0.79 µm and therefore higher than when grinding in air. There was also welding of chips under an XHV-adequate atmosphere.
磨削是一种能源密集型制造过程，它将大部分能量转化为热量，可能对工具或工件造成严重损害。因此，需要耗能的工艺冷却。目前正在努力完全消除磨削过程中金属加工液的使用。因此，本文研究了干式磨削过程中工艺参数对所得表面和亚表面性能的影响。结果表明，通过适当的工艺控制，可在地下产生恒定的残余压应力，其中残余应力水平受功率输入的切削速度的影响特别大。未观察到对表面粗糙度的显著影响。平均粗糙度值R10z为3.2µm， Ra为0.45µm。此外，研究了适当的xhv气氛对磨削过程和磨削结果的影响，因为最近的研究结果表明，xhv气氛对摩擦行为有积极的影响。在这种情况下，在地下也施加恒定的压残余应力。得到的表面完整性平均R10z = 4.67µm, Ra = 0.79µm，高于在空气中研磨时。还有在xhv足够的环境下焊接芯片。
{"title":"Dry grinding - Effects of process parameters and atmosphere on surface and subsurface properties","authors":"Berend Denkena , Benjamin Bergmann , Michael Keitel , Michael Zenger , Vannila Prasanthan","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grinding is an energy-intensive manufacturing process, which converts a large part of energy into heat, possibly causing critical damage to the tool or workpiece. Therefore, energy-consuming cooling of the process is required. Currently efforts are being made to completely eliminate the use of metalworking fluid during grinding. Therefore, this paper investigates the influence of process parameters on the resulting surface and subsurface properties while dry grinding. It was shown that with suitable process control, constant compressive residual stresses can be induced in the subsurface, whereby the level of residual stresses is particularly influenced by the cutting speed as a result of the power input. A significant influence on the surface roughness was not observed. On average, the roughness values R10z were 3.2 µm and Ra 0.45 µm.</div><div>In addition, the influence of an XHV-adequate atmosphere on the grinding process and the grinding result was investigated, as recent research results show positive effects on the friction behavior. In this case, constant compressive residual stresses were also applied in the subsurface. The resulting surface integrity was on average R10z = 4.67 µm and Ra = 0.79 µm and therefore higher than when grinding in air. There was also welding of chips under an XHV-adequate atmosphere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 540-545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.058
Robert Schmidt , Lucas Brause , Simon Strodick , Frank Walther , Dirk Biermann , Andreas Zabel
To realize the length to diameter ratios when BTA deep hole drilling long and slender tool-systems, consisting of drill head and boring bar are used, which have low dynamic torque and bending stiffnesses. Due to the low rigidity, process disturbances can occur during BTA drilling, which can jeopardize process reliability and process stability. Possible consequences of this instability can be increased tool wear, high noise emission and unusable workpieces. In earlier studies, mostly torsional and bending vibrations were analyzed. In this work, the measured vibrations in the longitudinal direction/feed direction are investigated to estimate an influence on the process stability.
{"title":"An investigation on the dynamic behavior of the BTA deep hole drilling process – increasing the process stability and sustainability","authors":"Robert Schmidt , Lucas Brause , Simon Strodick , Frank Walther , Dirk Biermann , Andreas Zabel","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To realize the length to diameter ratios when BTA deep hole drilling long and slender tool-systems, consisting of drill head and boring bar are used, which have low dynamic torque and bending stiffnesses. Due to the low rigidity, process disturbances can occur during BTA drilling, which can jeopardize process reliability and process stability. Possible consequences of this instability can be increased tool wear, high noise emission and unusable workpieces. In earlier studies, mostly torsional and bending vibrations were analyzed. In this work, the measured vibrations in the longitudinal direction/feed direction are investigated to estimate an influence on the process stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 334-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.017
Keno Moenck , Philipp Prünte , Jonathan Determann , Eidan Erlich , Dhananjay Patki , Frank Bitte , Martin Gomse , Thorsten Schüppstuhl
The digitalization of chaotic intralogistics and production processes, including, e.g., humans and otherwise dynamic or static, non-tracked assets, as in the case of lot size one and large-object production facilities, requires non-invasive sensor solutions. One approach is to equip already movable assets on the shopfloor with multimodal 2D/2.5D/3D optical sensor systems that perceive the surrounding environment – such a solution requires methods for sensor calibration, sensor fusion, localization, and mapping. Besides, to comply with data privacy regulations, data must be de-personalized. This work proposes a mobile, multimodal sensor system that passively monitors the surroundings, localizes itself, outputs depersonalized data online, and can recreate the environment as a geometric digital twin.
{"title":"Mobile, multimodal, vision-based data acquisition system for passive monitoring in production and intralogistics","authors":"Keno Moenck , Philipp Prünte , Jonathan Determann , Eidan Erlich , Dhananjay Patki , Frank Bitte , Martin Gomse , Thorsten Schüppstuhl","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The digitalization of chaotic intralogistics and production processes, including, e.g., humans and otherwise dynamic or static, non-tracked assets, as in the case of lot size one and large-object production facilities, requires non-invasive sensor solutions. One approach is to equip already movable assets on the shopfloor with multimodal 2D/2.5D/3D optical sensor systems that perceive the surrounding environment – such a solution requires methods for sensor calibration, sensor fusion, localization, and mapping. Besides, to comply with data privacy regulations, data must be de-personalized. This work proposes a mobile, multimodal sensor system that passively monitors the surroundings, localizes itself, outputs depersonalized data online, and can recreate the environment as a geometric digital twin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"138 ","pages":"Pages 90-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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