{"title":"A case of non-refractive accommodative esotropia treated by fused bifocal lens with straight top","authors":"Yayoi Takahashi, K. Tsutsui, Y. Fujiyama, K. Shimizu","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.159","url":null,"abstract":"非屈折性調節性内斜視の二重焦点眼鏡による治療はエグゼクティブ型眼鏡が一般的と言われる。我々は、二重焦点眼鏡のアイデアル型レンズを処方し、経過良好な1例を経験したので報告する。症例は現在6歳女児。初診時年齢3歳10か月。高AC/A比を認めたため、4歳8か月時に二重焦点眼鏡のエグゼクティブ型レンズを処方した。処方後、眼位の安定は得られたが、レンズが重いこともあり、下方にずれやすく眼鏡近用部を使いこなせなかった。そこで近用部をより使い易くする目的で、小玉径35mmのアイデアル型レンズを用い眼鏡を処方した。その後の眼鏡の装用状態は良好で視機能の改善がみられた。二重焦点眼鏡のアイデアル型レンズの使用は、非屈折性調節性内斜視の治療の1つになり得ると考えられた。","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"9 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131592813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of visual acuity correction between glasses and contact lenses","authors":"Kazuko Haruishi, F. Maeda, Tsuyoshi Yoneda, M. Igawa, Yuriko Hanada, Tetsuko Namba, J. Kiryu, K. Kani","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.119","url":null,"abstract":"目的:屈折異常の矯正に用いられる眼鏡、ハードコンタクトレンズ(以下HCL)、ソフトコンタクトレンズ(以下SCL)には、それぞれ異なる特性があり、見え方に差がある。今回、それら3種類の屈折矯正手段における視力の差や安定性について、恒常法を用いて検討した。方法:対象は健常成人3名6眼。視力の評価は、精密に閾値を定量することが可能な恒常法を用いた。視力は、5段階の視標を各20回呈示して得られた知覚確率曲線から求めた。屈折矯正は、眼鏡、HCL、SCLの3種類で行い、それぞれ各10回の視力の結果を分析した。視標呈示時間は0.5秒と3.0秒で行った。結果:視標呈示時間0.5秒でのHCL矯正視力は、他者と比べて、不安定であった。視標呈示時間を3.0秒にすると、HCL矯正視力は向上し、分散も減少した。SCL矯正視力は、視標呈示時間3.0秒で分散が増加する傾向にあった。強度近視眼における眼鏡矯正視力は、他者と比較して不良であった。結論:HCLは、瞬目に伴うレンズの動きが大きいため、視標の呈示が短時間では視力が安定しなかった。SCLでは、長時間になると涙液の乾燥が影響して、視力が分散しやすい傾向であった。眼鏡は、短時間でも安定した視力が得られたが、強度近視眼では網膜像の縮小効果により、視力が低値となることが恒常法でも確認できた。","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116770625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of corneal refractive power with accommodation","authors":"M. Murakami, Takashi Yano, Yuma Shinomiya, T. Niida","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.127","url":null,"abstract":"目的:調節に伴う角膜屈折力の変化を調節力が強い若年者を用いて検討した。対象及び方法:対象は屈折異常以外の眼科的疾患を認めない39名39眼。年齢は20.85±1.25歳、等価球面での屈折値-4.67±2.93Dである。他覚的屈折値測定には、両眼開放下オートレフラクトメータWR-5100K™(グランド精工社製)を用いて、調節に伴う平均角膜屈折力、弱主経線、強主経線に分けた屈折力の変化量、また屈折の程度で比較検討した。結果:調節に伴う平均角膜屈折力の変化に有意な正の相関が認められた(Spearmanの順位相関:r=0.193,p=0.016)。調節に伴う弱主経線(r=0.137,p=0.088)の変化に相関が認められなかったが、強主経線(r=0.182,p=0.023)の変化には有意な正の相関が認められた。また、強度近視群において調節に伴う平均角膜屈折力の変化に有意な正の相関が示された(r=0.292,p=0.036)。結論:調節に伴う平均角膜屈折力のSteep化が認められ、また強度近視群においても調節に伴い角膜屈折力のSteep化が認められた。","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116022572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-08-31DOI: 10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.61
H. Uozato
The measurement of visual functions (such as refraction, acuity, and so on) is the first essential part of any ocular examination and the process being assessed is complex and requires the interaction of many factors, both physiological and psychological. Pupil size is an important factor in relation to visual functions such as refraction, acuity, contrast sensitivity and so on. Its effects, however, are complex. We investigated the effects of pupil size and optical aberrations on visual functions under binocular and monocular conditions. Pupil diameters were continuously recorded during examination of contrast sensitivity (CS) and visual acuity (log MAR scale). Aberrometry was measured with OPD-Scan. Zernike coefficients were calculated for the pupil diameters under binocular and monocular conditions using Schwiegerling's method of recalculating the expansion coefficient. Significant differences were found between binocular log CS and monocular log CS. Binocular visual acuity was significantly better than monocular visual acuity. Mean pupil diameters examined under binocular conditions decreased significantly as compared to monocular conditions. With the increases in pupil diameter, optical aberrations increased significantly. These results suggest that decrease in pupil diameter from monocular to binocular conditions causes a decrease in optical aberration, resulting in the improved subjective visual performance. We should consider the major effects of pupil size change on vision testing from monocular to binocular viewing condition, and vice versa.
{"title":"Binocular and Monocular Vision","authors":"H. Uozato","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.61","url":null,"abstract":"The measurement of visual functions (such as refraction, acuity, and so on) is the first essential part of any ocular examination and the process being assessed is complex and requires the interaction of many factors, both physiological and psychological. Pupil size is an important factor in relation to visual functions such as refraction, acuity, contrast sensitivity and so on. Its effects, however, are complex. We investigated the effects of pupil size and optical aberrations on visual functions under binocular and monocular conditions. Pupil diameters were continuously recorded during examination of contrast sensitivity (CS) and visual acuity (log MAR scale). Aberrometry was measured with OPD-Scan. Zernike coefficients were calculated for the pupil diameters under binocular and monocular conditions using Schwiegerling's method of recalculating the expansion coefficient. Significant differences were found between binocular log CS and monocular log CS. Binocular visual acuity was significantly better than monocular visual acuity. Mean pupil diameters examined under binocular conditions decreased significantly as compared to monocular conditions. With the increases in pupil diameter, optical aberrations increased significantly. These results suggest that decrease in pupil diameter from monocular to binocular conditions causes a decrease in optical aberration, resulting in the improved subjective visual performance. We should consider the major effects of pupil size change on vision testing from monocular to binocular viewing condition, and vice versa.","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116082347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A case of pediatric ophthalmoplegic migraine","authors":"Hiroko Endou, Fukumi Ikeda, H. Chuman, N. Nao‐i","doi":"10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4263/JORTHOPTIC.35.113","url":null,"abstract":"小児の片頭痛による動眼神経麻痺を繰り返した症例を経験した。症例は10歳、男児(初診時3歳)。平成10年7月、保育園の帰りに母親が左の眼瞼下垂に気づき近医を受診。精査目的にて、同日当科を緊急受診した。初診時の視力は右0.8、左0.3。眼位は30Δ外斜視。眼球運動は内・上・下転制限があり、左の眼瞼下垂を呈していた。対光反射は右眼完全、左眼不完全で遅鈍。RAPD陰性。前眼部、中間透光体、眼底に異常なし。左の動眼神経麻痺と診断し、頭部CTを施行したが、異常はなかった。無治療にて外来で経過観察し、1ヵ月後に症状の完全改善をみた。平成17年2月、頭痛と複視、左眼瞼下垂が出現。近医よりFisher症候群を疑われ当院小児科入院となった。眼症状の評価のため当科を再診した。初診時と同様に、左の動眼神経麻痺を呈していた。3ヵ月後に症状の完全改善がみられた。本症例は、発熱を伴わない頭痛が先行し、その後動眼神経麻痺が発症した。同じ臨床経過を繰り返し、眼筋麻痺型片頭痛と診断した。興味深いことに頭部MRIにて動眼神経に増強効果がみられた。近年、同様な所見が複数報告されている。このことは、眼筋麻痺型片頭痛を炎症の関与する脱髄機序とする考えを支持するものであった。","PeriodicalId":205688,"journal":{"name":"Japanese orthoptic journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122787780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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