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Effect of piezoelectric layers on the size-dependent pull-in instability analysis of electrostatically actuated MEMS 压电层对静电驱动MEMS尺寸相关拉入失稳分析的影响
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364544
Binglei Wang, Long Zhang, Yue Xiao
With piezoelectric layers attached, the electrostatically actuated microbeam-based MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) is modelled to study the pull-in instability based on a modified couple stress theory. The nonlinear differential governing equation and boundary conditions of the beam are derived by using Hamilton's principle. The results show that the piezoelectric layers can decrease the pull-in voltage by only applying very small voltage on the MEMS. The study may be helpful to characterize the mechanical and electrostatic properties of small size MEMS, or guide the design of microbeam-based devices for a wide range of potential applications.
基于修正的耦合应力理论,对附着压电层的静电驱动微梁微机电系统(MEMS)进行建模,研究其拉入失稳问题。利用哈密顿原理推导了梁的非线性微分控制方程和边界条件。结果表明,压电层只需要在微机电系统上施加很小的电压就可以降低拉入电压。该研究可能有助于表征小尺寸MEMS的力学和静电特性,或指导基于微束的器件的设计,具有广泛的潜在应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
Scattering of guided wave on a defect in layered plate 导波在层状板缺陷上的散射
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364463
Chao Zhang, Shou-guo Yan, Bi-xing Zhang
The aim of this paper is to investigate propagating and scattering characteristics of guided wave in the layered plate with defects and to determine whether it is possible to detect, locate and classify the defects by monitoring the echo signals. First, it is considered a two-layered plate consist of steel and aluminum. The guided wave is calculated and analyzed by the transfer matrix and Finite Element Method (FEM) in the layered plate without defects respectively. It is proved the reliability of FEM by the numerical simulation results. Then, FEM is used to simulate the propagation and scattering of the guided wave in the plate. It is found that the size and position of the defect can be obtained by monitoring the reflection coefficient.
本文的目的是研究导波在含缺陷层状板中的传播和散射特性,并确定是否有可能通过监测回波信号来检测、定位和分类缺陷。首先,它被认为是由钢和铝组成的双层板。采用传递矩阵法和有限元法分别对无缺陷层状板中的导波进行了计算和分析。数值模拟结果验证了有限元方法的可靠性。然后,采用有限元法模拟了导波在平板中的传播和散射。发现通过监测反射系数可以得到缺陷的大小和位置。
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引用次数: 0
Design of an ultrasonic phased array transducer for imaging borehole wall 用于井壁成像的超声相控阵换能器的设计
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364465
Han Dong, Fang-fang Shi, Chao Kong, Bi-xing Zhang
In this paper, an ultrasonic phased array transducer which is designed as a Cylindrical Linear Phased Array (CLPA) is presented for imaging borehole wall. Firstly, the parameters of CPLA transducer are studied, optimized, and determined based on the numerical simulation of propagation and attenuation of the radiated acoustic wave of the transducer in the borehole medium. Then a CPLA transducer is designed and fabricated by high-temperature and high-pressure resistance wafer material and structure. Finally, the experiment study is conducted in a casing borehole by the CPLA transducer with the help of a phased array electrical system. The imaging of the casing borehole wall can reflect the basic information of the casing borehole wall in the experiment, which means that the CLPA transducer has good imaging capacity with high resolution.
本文提出了一种用于井壁成像的超声相控阵换能器,该换能器被设计为圆柱形线性相控阵(CLPA)。首先,通过对换能器辐射声波在井筒介质中的传播和衰减的数值模拟,对换能器的参数进行了研究、优化和确定;在此基础上,利用耐高温高压硅片的材料和结构,设计制作了一种聚乳酸换能器。最后,利用相控阵电气系统在套管井中进行了实验研究。实验中对套管井壁的成像能够反映出套管井壁的基本信息,说明CLPA换能器具有良好的成像能力和高分辨率。
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引用次数: 0
A laser tunable piezoelectric energy harvester 一种激光可调压电能量采集器
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364444
D. Guo, Huiyu Li, H. Tzou
In this study, a tunable piezoelectric energy harvester manipulated by the light-activated shape memory polymer (LaSMP) is presented. A laminated cantilever beam consists of an elastic substrate, a light-activated shape memory polymer layer and piezoelectric patches is used as energy harvester. LaSMP layer could change its Young's modulus under the exposure of UV lights and harvester's natural frequency is regulated through the modulus change function of LaSMP. The tuned natural frequency of the harvester could match the external base excitation frequency and thus to achieve broadband resonance energy harvesting responses. For the first mode, the effective power increases from 1.18×10-4μW to 1.3×10-3μW when the natural frequency changes from 6.12Hz to 5.94Hz. For the second mode, the effective power increases from 0.003μW to 0.0304μW and for the third mode, it increases from 0.0086μW to 0.0879μW.
在这项研究中,提出了一种由光激活形状记忆聚合物(LaSMP)操纵的可调谐压电能量收集器。叠层悬臂梁由弹性衬底、光激活形状记忆聚合物层和用作能量收集器的压电片组成。LaSMP层在紫外光照射下可以改变杨氏模量,通过LaSMP的模量变化函数调节收割机的固有频率。调谐后的收割机固有频率可以与外部基极激励频率相匹配,从而实现宽带共振能量收集响应。对于第一种模式,当固有频率从6.12Hz增加到5.94Hz时,有效功率从1.18×10-4μW增加到1.3×10-3μW。对于第二种模式,有效功率从0.003μW增加到0.0304μW;对于第三种模式,有效功率从0.0086μW增加到0.0879μW。
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引用次数: 1
Design and analysis of a cylindrical screw-type ultrasonic motor driven by six transducers 六换能器驱动圆柱螺杆型超声电机的设计与分析
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364513
Ting-hai Cheng, Liang Wang, Mengfei Yin, Zhaoyang Song, Dong Zhu
The screw-type ultrasonic motor was successfully used in fields of optical focusing system, medical instruments, and so on. In this paper, a cylindrical screw-type ultrasonic motor driven by six transducers is proposed. The motor mainly contains six fixed parts, twelve piezoelectric plates, six transducers, an elastomer and a screw shaft. The piezoelectric plates are bonded to the opposite outside surfaces of transducers and the d31 working mode is adopted. A traveling wave processing along circumferential direction of the elastomer is composited to drive screw shaft and the rotary-linear output motion is achieved without additional conversion mechanism. The motor is designed and its exciting mode is clarified in detail. The vibration performance of the motor is analyzed using Finite Element Method (FEM). The prototype is fabricated and tested. The testing results indicate that the vibration performance of the motor is in good agreement with the simulation results.
螺杆式超声电机已成功应用于光学聚焦系统、医疗器械等领域。本文提出了一种由六个换能器驱动的圆柱螺旋型超声电机。电机主要由六个固定部件、十二个压电片、六个换能器、一个弹性体和一个螺杆轴组成。压电片粘接在换能器相对的外表面,采用d31工作模式。采用沿弹性体周向的行波处理驱动螺杆轴,实现旋转直线输出运动,无需附加转换机构。对电机进行了设计,并详细阐述了其励磁方式。采用有限元法对电机的振动特性进行了分析。样机已制作完成并进行了测试。试验结果表明,电机的振动性能与仿真结果吻合较好。
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引用次数: 2
Electrode effects on mass sensitivity of GaN thin film bulk acoustic wave resonator sensors 电极效应对GaN薄膜体声波谐振器传感器质量灵敏度的影响
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364467
Hai-qiang Liu, Sheng-lin Ma, Hui-yuan Wang, Qing-Ming Wang, L. Qin
In this paper, the electrode effects on mass sensitivity of GaN thin film bulk acoustic wave resonator (FBAR) sensors have been studied. The equation of electric impedance of FBARs with structure of mass sensitive layer/electrode/GaN/electrode has been derived by one dimensional transmission line model for frequency calculation. In the simulation, to produce shear mode acoustic 2μm GaN with 42.8° c-axis tilted angle was particularly chosen for liquid application; to investigate the effects of electrode on mass sensitivity, the acoustic characteristic impedance of electrode changes from 2.37×106Ω to 5.916×107Ω, and its thickness changes from 0 to 2000 nm. It was found that the thickness and acoustic characteristic impedance of electrode has great effects on the mass sensitivity; compared to non-electrode case, electrode with high acoustic characteristic impedance (higher than GaN) decreases mass sensitivity, while electrode with low acoustic characteristic impedance (lower than GaN) increases mass sensitivity, and maximum sensitivity can be achieved by the optimization of electrode material and thickness. The simulation results can be used for the design and application of GaN FBAR sensors.
本文研究了电极对GaN薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)传感器质量灵敏度的影响。利用一维传输线模型推导了具有质量敏感层/电极/GaN/电极结构的fbar的电阻抗方程,并进行了频率计算。在模拟中,为了产生剪切模式的声学,特别选择了2μm、42.8°c轴倾角的GaN用于液体应用;为了研究电极对质量灵敏度的影响,电极的声特性阻抗从2.37×106Ω变化到5.916×107Ω,其厚度从0变化到2000 nm。研究发现,电极的厚度和声特性阻抗对质量灵敏度有较大影响;与无电极情况相比,高声特性阻抗电极(高于氮化镓)降低了质量灵敏度,低声特性阻抗电极(低于氮化镓)提高了质量灵敏度,通过优化电极材料和厚度可以实现最大灵敏度。仿真结果可用于GaN FBAR传感器的设计和应用。
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引用次数: 2
The shear wave properties of ERF ERF的剪切波特性
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364464
Xiao-yu Wang, Haodong Wu, Ya-ying Hong, Hao Wang, De Zhang
Electrorheological fluid (ERF) is a smart material which can transpose from liquid-like state to solid-like state under the action of electric field, along with this process, the physical properties of the material will be changed like apparent viscosity, yield stress and acoustic impendence. In this paper, by means of an ultrasonic shear wave reflectometry method, the transformation laws of the resistive components R and the reactive components X of the complex dynamic shear impedance, the storage modulus G1, the loss modulus G2, the sound velocity v are supplied.
电流变流体(ERF)是一种在电场作用下由类液态转变为类固态的智能材料,在此过程中,材料的表观粘度、屈服应力和声阻抗等物理性质都会发生变化。本文利用超声横波反射法,给出了复合动态剪切阻抗的电阻分量R和无功分量X、存储模量G1、损耗模量G2、声速v的变换规律。
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引用次数: 0
The study of 33 mode single crystal longitudinal transducer 33模单晶纵向传感器的研究
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364490
Kai Zhang
There are many advantages of broadband transducers, such as reducing of signal distortion, widening the security about information transmission, reducing the ratio of false codes. The use of eight 33 mode single crystal pieces, a thin light beryllium alloy head mass and a thick heavy tungsten alloy tail mass can expand the bandwidth of the middle-frequency transducer. The one-fourth finite element model of transducer was set up with ANSYS software and the structure of the transducer was optimized. A final transducer was designed, fabricated and measured, and its longitudinal size is about 21mm. The bandwidth of the transducer is 17 kHz-120 kHz, in which the ripple of the transmitting voltage response does not exceed ±5dB. There are several conclusions from the research: the bandwidth of tonpilz transducers can be expanded by the use of single crystal pieces, beryllium alloy head mass and tungsten alloy tail mass; and it gives a method to achieve the broad-band projecting performance of middle-frequency transducers.
宽带换能器具有降低信号失真、提高信息传输安全性、降低误码率等优点。利用8个33模单晶片,薄而轻的铍合金头块和厚而重的钨合金尾块可以扩大中频换能器的带宽。利用ANSYS软件建立了换能器的四分之一有限元模型,并对换能器进行了结构优化。设计、制作并测量了最终换能器,其纵向尺寸约为21mm。换能器的带宽为17khz - 120khz,其中发射电压响应纹波不超过±5dB。研究得出以下几点结论:单晶片、铍合金头质量和钨合金尾质量可以扩大tonpilz换能器的带宽;给出了一种实现中频换能器宽带投射性能的方法。
{"title":"The study of 33 mode single crystal longitudinal transducer","authors":"Kai Zhang","doi":"10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364490","url":null,"abstract":"There are many advantages of broadband transducers, such as reducing of signal distortion, widening the security about information transmission, reducing the ratio of false codes. The use of eight 33 mode single crystal pieces, a thin light beryllium alloy head mass and a thick heavy tungsten alloy tail mass can expand the bandwidth of the middle-frequency transducer. The one-fourth finite element model of transducer was set up with ANSYS software and the structure of the transducer was optimized. A final transducer was designed, fabricated and measured, and its longitudinal size is about 21mm. The bandwidth of the transducer is 17 kHz-120 kHz, in which the ripple of the transmitting voltage response does not exceed ±5dB. There are several conclusions from the research: the bandwidth of tonpilz transducers can be expanded by the use of single crystal pieces, beryllium alloy head mass and tungsten alloy tail mass; and it gives a method to achieve the broad-band projecting performance of middle-frequency transducers.","PeriodicalId":205914,"journal":{"name":"2015 Symposium on Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications (SPAWDA)","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121746650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Finite element modeling of laser generated ultrasound in black PDMS materials 黑色PDMS材料激光超声的有限元建模
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364502
Kun-lun Deng, Hong-lang Li, W. Luo, Yabing Ke, S. He
Carbon black combined PDMS is a promising material for laser ultrasonic inspection but the generated ultrasound field characteristics have not been studied. To obtain the wave field generated by laser in the polymer material, thermo-elasticity model was adopted, a 2D axial symmetry finite element model is built and the physics and parameters are set as actual situation for ultrasonic wave generation. The generated acoustic wave modes and the transient wave field are calculated. The multi-mode wave field and the directivity and intensity of generated ultrasonic are obtained. Theoretical calculation results show that the polymer combined carbon black material has a great prospect in nondestructive detecting applications.
炭黑复合PDMS是一种很有前途的激光超声检测材料,但其产生的超声场特性尚未得到研究。为了获得激光在高分子材料中产生的波场,采用热弹性模型,建立二维轴对称有限元模型,并根据超声波产生的实际情况设置物理和参数。计算了产生的声波模态和瞬态波场。得到了多模波场和超声的指向性和强度。理论计算结果表明,聚合物复合炭黑材料在无损检测领域具有广阔的应用前景。
{"title":"Finite element modeling of laser generated ultrasound in black PDMS materials","authors":"Kun-lun Deng, Hong-lang Li, W. Luo, Yabing Ke, S. He","doi":"10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364502","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon black combined PDMS is a promising material for laser ultrasonic inspection but the generated ultrasound field characteristics have not been studied. To obtain the wave field generated by laser in the polymer material, thermo-elasticity model was adopted, a 2D axial symmetry finite element model is built and the physics and parameters are set as actual situation for ultrasonic wave generation. The generated acoustic wave modes and the transient wave field are calculated. The multi-mode wave field and the directivity and intensity of generated ultrasonic are obtained. Theoretical calculation results show that the polymer combined carbon black material has a great prospect in nondestructive detecting applications.","PeriodicalId":205914,"journal":{"name":"2015 Symposium on Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications (SPAWDA)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124053541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transmission of radial vibration along piezoelectric tubular phononic crystal in parallel with resonant shunting circuits 并联谐振分流电路的压电管状声子晶体径向振动传输
Pub Date : 2015-10-01 DOI: 10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364468
Long-xiang Dai, Shan Jiang, Peigang Li, Hongping Hu
A tube phononic crystal (PC) model arrayed periodically by metal and piezoelectric segments is proposed. Each piezoelectric segment consists of two piezoelectric layers connected in parallel independently by a resonant shunting circuit. The inductor and a piezoelectric equivalent capacitor form an inductor-capacitor oscillator. Coupling vibration of extension and flexure of the thin periodic tube structure is studied by the classical shell theory and linear piezoelectric theory. Precise electric field method and transfer matrix method are applied to solve band gap structures and transmission factor curves. Two locally resonant band gaps and one Bragg band gap are distinguished. Some interesting phenomena of interaction between two locally resonant bands are found. The effects of circuit inductance, material parameters of the tube PC on these three band gaps are investigated.
提出了一种由金属段和压电段周期性排列的管状声子晶体模型。每个压电片由两个压电层组成,通过谐振分流电路独立并联连接。电感器和压电等效电容构成电感-电容振荡器。利用经典壳体理论和线性压电理论研究了周期薄管结构的伸缩耦合振动。采用精密电场法和传递矩阵法求解带隙结构和透射系数曲线。两个局部谐振带隙和一个布拉格带隙被区分开来。发现了两个局部共振带之间相互作用的一些有趣现象。研究了电路电感、材料参数对这三个带隙的影响。
{"title":"Transmission of radial vibration along piezoelectric tubular phononic crystal in parallel with resonant shunting circuits","authors":"Long-xiang Dai, Shan Jiang, Peigang Li, Hongping Hu","doi":"10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SPAWDA.2015.7364468","url":null,"abstract":"A tube phononic crystal (PC) model arrayed periodically by metal and piezoelectric segments is proposed. Each piezoelectric segment consists of two piezoelectric layers connected in parallel independently by a resonant shunting circuit. The inductor and a piezoelectric equivalent capacitor form an inductor-capacitor oscillator. Coupling vibration of extension and flexure of the thin periodic tube structure is studied by the classical shell theory and linear piezoelectric theory. Precise electric field method and transfer matrix method are applied to solve band gap structures and transmission factor curves. Two locally resonant band gaps and one Bragg band gap are distinguished. Some interesting phenomena of interaction between two locally resonant bands are found. The effects of circuit inductance, material parameters of the tube PC on these three band gaps are investigated.","PeriodicalId":205914,"journal":{"name":"2015 Symposium on Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications (SPAWDA)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126498662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
2015 Symposium on Piezoelectricity, Acoustic Waves, and Device Applications (SPAWDA)
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