Pub Date : 2023-07-02DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-283-290
A. Lipin, A. G. Lipin
Sodium percarbonate (SPC) is used as an environmentally friendly bleaching agent in synthetic detergents. This strong oxidizing agent is incompatible with some other detergent components, such as enzymes. This problem can be solved by encapsulating SPC, whose delayed release will allow the enzymes to function with maximum efficiency before deactivation in the presence of SPC. Therefore, the selection of a coating material and the coating layer thickness seems to be a relevant research direction. In this work, SPC granules were encapsulated by spraying a sodium silicate solution through a pneumatic nozzle over a fluidized layer of granules. Encapsulated SPC samples with the coating content of 5, 8, 10 and 13% of the mass of the initial product were obtained. The dissolution kinetics of the obtained capsules under static and dynamic conditions was studied. At the relative coating mass of 5, 8, 10 and 13%, the dissolution time under dynamic conditions comprised 10, 14, 19 and 30 min, respectively. In order to predict the release of the active component from encapsulated SPC under the conditions different from those used in the conducted experiments, a mathematical model of this process was obtained. For parametric identification of the mathematical model by solving an inverse problem, the value of the effective diffusion coefficient of SPC through the capsule was found to be 1·10-10 m2/s. The calculated and experimental values of SPC release from the encapsulated granules showed good agreement.
{"title":"Application of a protective coating on sodium percarbonate particles in a fluidized bed apparatus","authors":"A. Lipin, A. G. Lipin","doi":"10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-283-290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-283-290","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium percarbonate (SPC) is used as an environmentally friendly bleaching agent in synthetic detergents. This strong oxidizing agent is incompatible with some other detergent components, such as enzymes. This problem can be solved by encapsulating SPC, whose delayed release will allow the enzymes to function with maximum efficiency before deactivation in the presence of SPC. Therefore, the selection of a coating material and the coating layer thickness seems to be a relevant research direction. In this work, SPC granules were encapsulated by spraying a sodium silicate solution through a pneumatic nozzle over a fluidized layer of granules. Encapsulated SPC samples with the coating content of 5, 8, 10 and 13% of the mass of the initial product were obtained. The dissolution kinetics of the obtained capsules under static and dynamic conditions was studied. At the relative coating mass of 5, 8, 10 and 13%, the dissolution time under dynamic conditions comprised 10, 14, 19 and 30 min, respectively. In order to predict the release of the active component from encapsulated SPC under the conditions different from those used in the conducted experiments, a mathematical model of this process was obtained. For parametric identification of the mathematical model by solving an inverse problem, the value of the effective diffusion coefficient of SPC through the capsule was found to be 1·10-10 m2/s. The calculated and experimental values of SPC release from the encapsulated granules showed good agreement.","PeriodicalId":20601,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81446502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-02DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-235-244
A. Shirshova, N. Ageyeva, O. N. Sheludko, A. A. Khrapov, E. Ulyanovskaya, E. Chernutskaya
Apple tree is the most common among other fruit crops. Apple fruit is the primary raw material used in cider making. Although the majority of Russian regions are rich in raw materials for the production of high-quality cider, the development of this industry is hampered by a number of issues. As a result, the domestic market sometimes offers low-quality and adulterated products. In this work, we study the organoleptic and biochemical indicators (volatile components, metal cations, phenolcarboxylic acids and organic acids) of fermented diffused apple juice and ciders prepared from both freshly squeezed and reconstituted apple juice. The biochemical composition and organoleptic characteristics of samples were determined by conventional methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (organic acids), capillary electrophoresis (phenolcarboxylic acids) and gas chromatography (volatile components). The concentrations of most of the studied parameters and organoleptic indicators werehigher in ciders from fresh apple juice. However, in the fermented diffused juice, the concentrations of chlorogenic (9.5 g/dm3), orotic (1.9 g/dm3) and gallic (4.7 mg/dm3) acids, as well as furfural (11.84 mg/dm3), exceeded those in other studied samples. Future research should investigate the possibility of secondary use of apple pomace, e.g., for the production of fruit spirits. Involvement of such raw materials ensures the rational use of secondary raw materials.
{"title":"Biochemical composition of ciders from various raw materials","authors":"A. Shirshova, N. Ageyeva, O. N. Sheludko, A. A. Khrapov, E. Ulyanovskaya, E. Chernutskaya","doi":"10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-235-244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-235-244","url":null,"abstract":"Apple tree is the most common among other fruit crops. Apple fruit is the primary raw material used in cider making. Although the majority of Russian regions are rich in raw materials for the production of high-quality cider, the development of this industry is hampered by a number of issues. As a result, the domestic market sometimes offers low-quality and adulterated products. In this work, we study the organoleptic and biochemical indicators (volatile components, metal cations, phenolcarboxylic acids and organic acids) of fermented diffused apple juice and ciders prepared from both freshly squeezed and reconstituted apple juice. The biochemical composition and organoleptic characteristics of samples were determined by conventional methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (organic acids), capillary electrophoresis (phenolcarboxylic acids) and gas chromatography (volatile components). The concentrations of most of the studied parameters and organoleptic indicators werehigher in ciders from fresh apple juice. However, in the fermented diffused juice, the concentrations of chlorogenic (9.5 g/dm3), orotic (1.9 g/dm3) and gallic (4.7 mg/dm3) acids, as well as furfural (11.84 mg/dm3), exceeded those in other studied samples. Future research should investigate the possibility of secondary use of apple pomace, e.g., for the production of fruit spirits. Involvement of such raw materials ensures the rational use of secondary raw materials.","PeriodicalId":20601,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75834046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-02DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-263-271
N. Lyubimova, G. Rabinovich
This work sets out to investigate a green-synthesized biopreparation produced by introducing iron or copper nanoparticles into a microbial liquid-phase biological product (LBP). The obtained nanoparticles were analyzed by diffuse reflectance IR spectroscopy and introduced into the LPB at the stage of its ripening in the LPB:particle solution volume ratio of 50:1. As a result, two new biopreparations – LPB-Fe and LPB-Cu – were obtained. All LPB samples, as well as iron and copper nanoparticles, underwent laboratory testing on flax seeds of Tverskaya variety. Iron or copper nanoparticles in the composition of biological preparations were found to affect positively the process of seed germination. In the LPB-Fe variant, seed germination ranged between 86–91%, which exceeded that in the control by 3–12%. In the LPB-Cu variant, seed germination ranged between 86–93%, which exceeded that in the control by 3–11%. However, in the latter variant, the maximum average length per seedling was 14.5–14.8 cm. The average length per seedling was significantly affected by watering the seeds with a solution containing only iron nanoparticles, with the maximum value of this parameter reaching 16.1±1.2 cm. According to the results obtained, this research direction has good prospects and requires additional experiments by varying the nanoparticle concentration in LBPs.
{"title":"Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles and their testing on flax seeds","authors":"N. Lyubimova, G. Rabinovich","doi":"10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-263-271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-263-271","url":null,"abstract":"This work sets out to investigate a green-synthesized biopreparation produced by introducing iron or copper nanoparticles into a microbial liquid-phase biological product (LBP). The obtained nanoparticles were analyzed by diffuse reflectance IR spectroscopy and introduced into the LPB at the stage of its ripening in the LPB:particle solution volume ratio of 50:1. As a result, two new biopreparations – LPB-Fe and LPB-Cu – were obtained. All LPB samples, as well as iron and copper nanoparticles, underwent laboratory testing on flax seeds of Tverskaya variety. Iron or copper nanoparticles in the composition of biological preparations were found to affect positively the process of seed germination. In the LPB-Fe variant, seed germination ranged between 86–91%, which exceeded that in the control by 3–12%. In the LPB-Cu variant, seed germination ranged between 86–93%, which exceeded that in the control by 3–11%. However, in the latter variant, the maximum average length per seedling was 14.5–14.8 cm. The average length per seedling was significantly affected by watering the seeds with a solution containing only iron nanoparticles, with the maximum value of this parameter reaching 16.1±1.2 cm. According to the results obtained, this research direction has good prospects and requires additional experiments by varying the nanoparticle concentration in LBPs.","PeriodicalId":20601,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79252360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-184-196
A. Mitishev, O. A. Vodopyanova, E. Kurdyukov, E. Semenova, A. S. Fednina
Microalgae represent a large group of prokaryotic and eukaryotic, mainly photoautotrophic, single-cell or colony-forming microorganisms. These microorganisms are recognized as renewable, sustainable and economically profitable sources of biofuels and biologically active compounds for the production of drugs and food additives. Microalgae compounds, such as carbohydrates, peptides, lipids and carotenoids, attract particular attention in pharmaceutical biotechnology and medicine due to their antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antioxidant properties. In addition, microalgae are suitable organisms for the production of recombinant proteins/ peptides, such as monoclonal antibodies and vaccines. In this work, we aim to review publications by domestic and foreign researchers on the pharmacological effects of biologically active microalgal compounds. The literature search was performed using the ResearchGate, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar and eLibrary databases covering the period from 2000 to 2022. The article provides information on a wide range of pharmacological effects of biologically active compounds of microalgae, which are shown to exhibit antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidant, regenerating, hypotensive, immune-stimulating and anti-inflammatory activity. The mechanisms of the main pharmacological effects are described. The main pharmacological effect was established to be the antimicrobial action. The data presented in this review can be useful when determining promising directions for the development of drugs based on algae extracts.
微藻是一大类原核和真核生物，主要是光自养、单细胞或集落形成的微生物。这些微生物被认为是生物燃料和用于生产药物和食品添加剂的生物活性化合物的可再生、可持续和经济上有利可图的来源。微藻化合物，如碳水化合物、多肽、脂质和类胡萝卜素，因其抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒和抗氧化的特性，在制药生物技术和医学领域受到特别关注。此外，微藻是生产重组蛋白/肽(如单克隆抗体和疫苗)的合适生物。在这项工作中，我们旨在回顾国内外研究人员关于生物活性微藻化合物药理作用的出版物。文献检索使用ResearchGate、PubMed、Web of Science、ScienceDirect、Scopus、Google Scholar和library数据库，检索时间为2000年至2022年。本文介绍了微藻生物活性化合物的药理作用，包括抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、再生、降血压、免疫刺激和抗炎等。介绍了主要药理作用的机制。主要药理作用为抗菌作用。本综述提供的数据可用于确定基于藻类提取物的药物开发的有希望的方向。
{"title":"A review of current research in the field of chemistry and pharmacology of algae","authors":"A. Mitishev, O. A. Vodopyanova, E. Kurdyukov, E. Semenova, A. S. Fednina","doi":"10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-184-196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-184-196","url":null,"abstract":"Microalgae represent a large group of prokaryotic and eukaryotic, mainly photoautotrophic, single-cell or colony-forming microorganisms. These microorganisms are recognized as renewable, sustainable and economically profitable sources of biofuels and biologically active compounds for the production of drugs and food additives. Microalgae compounds, such as carbohydrates, peptides, lipids and carotenoids, attract particular attention in pharmaceutical biotechnology and medicine due to their antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antioxidant properties. In addition, microalgae are suitable organisms for the production of recombinant proteins/ peptides, such as monoclonal antibodies and vaccines. In this work, we aim to review publications by domestic and foreign researchers on the pharmacological effects of biologically active microalgal compounds. The literature search was performed using the ResearchGate, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar and eLibrary databases covering the period from 2000 to 2022. The article provides information on a wide range of pharmacological effects of biologically active compounds of microalgae, which are shown to exhibit antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidant, regenerating, hypotensive, immune-stimulating and anti-inflammatory activity. The mechanisms of the main pharmacological effects are described. The main pharmacological effect was established to be the antimicrobial action. The data presented in this review can be useful when determining promising directions for the development of drugs based on algae extracts.","PeriodicalId":20601,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91137280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-172-183
O. Lebedeva, E. Sipkina
The current ecological situation attracts particular attention to alternative energy sources with no detrimental impact on the ecosystem. In comparison with conventional energy sources, fuel cells exhibit the following advantages: small and compact size, light weight, lack of noise when working, and cost-effectiveness in terms of fuel consumption. Most importantly, fuel cells are environmentally friendly, since no harmful substances are released into the atmosphere during their operation. Their goal is to convert chemical energy from various sources into environmentally friendly electric power. At present, chemical sources of energy are used everywhere, including batteries for mobile phones, laptops, as well as cars and uninterruptible power supplies, to name a few. The main components of solid polymer fuel cells are proton-exchange membranes, the main function of which is to ensure the transfer of protons from the anode to the cathode. The proton conductivity of such materials is determined by the presence of hydrophilic channels that transport mobile protons. The proton-exchange membrane must meet the following requirements: electrochemical and chemical stability in aggressive chemical environments, mechanical and thermal strength, low permeability to reagent gases (fuel and oxidizer), high ion exchange capacity and electrical conductivity, as well as a relatively low cost. This paper considers perfluorinated sulfonic acid membranes, organic–inorganic and acid–base composite membranes, as well as hybrid membranes obtained by sol-gel process, which can contribute to the development of technologies related to fuel cells in the future.
{"title":"Composite membranes for fuel cells","authors":"O. Lebedeva, E. Sipkina","doi":"10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-172-183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-172-183","url":null,"abstract":"The current ecological situation attracts particular attention to alternative energy sources with no detrimental impact on the ecosystem. In comparison with conventional energy sources, fuel cells exhibit the following advantages: small and compact size, light weight, lack of noise when working, and cost-effectiveness in terms of fuel consumption. Most importantly, fuel cells are environmentally friendly, since no harmful substances are released into the atmosphere during their operation. Their goal is to convert chemical energy from various sources into environmentally friendly electric power. At present, chemical sources of energy are used everywhere, including batteries for mobile phones, laptops, as well as cars and uninterruptible power supplies, to name a few. The main components of solid polymer fuel cells are proton-exchange membranes, the main function of which is to ensure the transfer of protons from the anode to the cathode. The proton conductivity of such materials is determined by the presence of hydrophilic channels that transport mobile protons. The proton-exchange membrane must meet the following requirements: electrochemical and chemical stability in aggressive chemical environments, mechanical and thermal strength, low permeability to reagent gases (fuel and oxidizer), high ion exchange capacity and electrical conductivity, as well as a relatively low cost. This paper considers perfluorinated sulfonic acid membranes, organic–inorganic and acid–base composite membranes, as well as hybrid membranes obtained by sol-gel process, which can contribute to the development of technologies related to fuel cells in the future.","PeriodicalId":20601,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88770347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-160-171
A. Burdonov, N. V. Vchislo, E. Verochkina, I. B. Rozentsveig
Ore flotation is the main and defining technological process in ore benefication and non-ferrous metals production. The flotation process requires the use of a variety of chemical reagents, including collectors, frothers, surface modifiers, and pH regulators. The development and selection of suitable reagents for the processed material play a vital role in efficient flotation. The flotation activity of collectors depends fundamentally on the composition and structure of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fragments forming the flotation agent molecule, as well as on the nature of the ore that undergoes flotation processing. In this regard, the identification and study of the “substance structure–flotation activity” relation, as well as the search for new effective flotation reagents gain importance within applied organic and organoelement chemistry and related branches of science and technology. In this article, we review syntheses of effective collector reagents, namely xanthates and dithiocarbamates, based on the literature data for the past five years. Where necessary, earlier sources are provided. The reaction conditions and yields of the target compounds are presented using schemes. In addition, we present the results of flotation tests on the surfaces of various ores and the data on the mechanism of concentrate extraction. According to the reviewed publications, the fixation of collector reagents on the surface of minerals can be regarded as a complexation process of the collector functional groups and metal ions located on the surface of the mineral.
{"title":"Synthesis of new dithiocarbamate and xanthate complexes and their application in enrichment processes","authors":"A. Burdonov, N. V. Vchislo, E. Verochkina, I. B. Rozentsveig","doi":"10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-160-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2023-13-2-160-171","url":null,"abstract":"Ore flotation is the main and defining technological process in ore benefication and non-ferrous metals production. The flotation process requires the use of a variety of chemical reagents, including collectors, frothers, surface modifiers, and pH regulators. The development and selection of suitable reagents for the processed material play a vital role in efficient flotation. The flotation activity of collectors depends fundamentally on the composition and structure of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic fragments forming the flotation agent molecule, as well as on the nature of the ore that undergoes flotation processing. In this regard, the identification and study of the “substance structure–flotation activity” relation, as well as the search for new effective flotation reagents gain importance within applied organic and organoelement chemistry and related branches of science and technology. In this article, we review syntheses of effective collector reagents, namely xanthates and dithiocarbamates, based on the literature data for the past five years. Where necessary, earlier sources are provided. The reaction conditions and yields of the target compounds are presented using schemes. In addition, we present the results of flotation tests on the surfaces of various ores and the data on the mechanism of concentrate extraction. According to the reviewed publications, the fixation of collector reagents on the surface of minerals can be regarded as a complexation process of the collector functional groups and metal ions located on the surface of the mineral.","PeriodicalId":20601,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86940642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-627-632
V. Okladnikova, O. Ochirov, M. Grigor’eva, S. Stelmakh
Since 2020, surface disinfection has become particularly relevant thus requiring improved approaches to its implementation. Conventional disinfectants comprising concentrated solutions or soluble tablets fail to fully comply with the need for antimicrobial protection of surfaces, calling for their repetitive application. This leads to considerable expenses, with the price of disinfectants rising by 30–50% over the past two years. In this article, agents characterised by prolonged action due to film-forming antimicrobial components having good adhesion to various surfaces are developed in order to reduce the cost of the disinfection procedure and increase its efficiency. In addition, such systems can be used as additives to water paint coatings for minor maintenance of medical and preventive institutions. These materials can significantly reduce the growth rate of the harmful bacteria population, as well as provide long-term protection against it. In order to implement this approach, the polymer-polymer composition based on polyvinyl alcohol and polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride was developed. It should be noted that guanidine-containing polymers are characterised by high antimicrobial activity and low human toxicity, being also widely used as active agents in disinfectants. An excellent film-forming polymer exhibiting good adhesive properties, polyvinyl alcohol is non-toxic and chemically inert. Thus, the use of such additives can significantly reduce the extension of harmful bacteria, especially in crowded public areas.
{"title":"Polymer-polymer composition of polyvinyl alcohol and polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride for antimicrobial surface protection","authors":"V. Okladnikova, O. Ochirov, M. Grigor’eva, S. Stelmakh","doi":"10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-627-632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-627-632","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2020, surface disinfection has become particularly relevant thus requiring improved approaches to its implementation. Conventional disinfectants comprising concentrated solutions or soluble tablets fail to fully comply with the need for antimicrobial protection of surfaces, calling for their repetitive application. This leads to considerable expenses, with the price of disinfectants rising by 30–50% over the past two years. In this article, agents characterised by prolonged action due to film-forming antimicrobial components having good adhesion to various surfaces are developed in order to reduce the cost of the disinfection procedure and increase its efficiency. In addition, such systems can be used as additives to water paint coatings for minor maintenance of medical and preventive institutions. These materials can significantly reduce the growth rate of the harmful bacteria population, as well as provide long-term protection against it. In order to implement this approach, the polymer-polymer composition based on polyvinyl alcohol and polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride was developed. It should be noted that guanidine-containing polymers are characterised by high antimicrobial activity and low human toxicity, being also widely used as active agents in disinfectants. An excellent film-forming polymer exhibiting good adhesive properties, polyvinyl alcohol is non-toxic and chemically inert. Thus, the use of such additives can significantly reduce the extension of harmful bacteria, especially in crowded public areas.","PeriodicalId":20601,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78752558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-620-626
A. V. Stolbikova, L. Dudareva, A. V. Rudikovskii, Z. Stavitskaya, T. V. Kopytina, E. Rudikovskaya
It is known that the highest content of auxins is found primarily in the areas of active mitosis, including young leaves, apical meristems, cambium, embryos and endosperm, as well as developing fruits, which determines, among other things, plant habitus and fruit size. In agriculture and biotechnology, auxins (indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are used to stimulate lateral development, including in apple tree rootstocks. Despite the crucial role of endogenous IBA in rooting, its presence in apple tree tissues remains unconfirmed, although its content in planta was shown for many other plants. Therefore, in this work, the composition and content of auxins in 2 tissue types of Siberian apple tree of lowand high-growing forms, along with the presence of IBA in them, was compared. Tissues of ovary and bark of Siberian apple tree (Malus baccata L. Borkh.) of 2 forms (low and tall) growing on an experimental plot of Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS were used in the study. Bark samples were collected from the 1st year shoots at the stage of intensive sap flow. The ovary samples were collected in July at the stage of active growth. Auxins purified by solid-phase extraction were analysed by GC-MS. In addition to IAA-3, the following auxins were found in fast-growing tissues of the Siberian apple tree both in the cambium layer of annual gain during intensive sap flow and set fruit during the active growth stage: IBA, indole-1-acetic acid, indole-3-carboxylic acid and indole-3-propionic acid. Similar to other plants, the content of these auxins was significantly lower than that of endogenous IAA.
已知生长素含量最高的区域主要是活跃有丝分裂的区域，包括幼叶、顶端分生组织、形成层、胚胎和胚乳，以及发育中的果实，这决定了植物的习性和果实的大小。在农业和生物技术中，生长素(吲哚-3-丁酸(IBA)和吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA))用于刺激横向发育，包括在苹果树砧木中。尽管内源IBA在生根过程中起着至关重要的作用，但它在苹果树组织中的存在仍未得到证实，尽管它在许多其他植物中的含量已被证实。因此，本研究比较了两种西伯利亚苹果树低生长型和高生长型组织中生长素的组成和含量，以及IBA的存在。以西伯利亚植物生理生化研究所SB - RAS试验区生长的两种不同类型的西伯利亚苹果树(Malus baccata L. Borkh.)子房和树皮为研究材料。在树液流动密集的阶段，采集了一年生枝条的树皮样品。卵巢标本采集时间为7月，正值活跃生长期。采用气相色谱-质谱法对固相萃取纯化的生长素进行分析。除IAA-3外，在西伯利亚苹果树速生组织中还发现了IBA、吲哚-1-乙酸、吲哚-3-羧酸和吲哚-3-丙酸。与其他植物相似，这些生长素的含量显著低于内源IAA。
{"title":"Characteristics of composition and content of auxins in tissues of Siberian apple tree Malus baccata L. Borkh.","authors":"A. V. Stolbikova, L. Dudareva, A. V. Rudikovskii, Z. Stavitskaya, T. V. Kopytina, E. Rudikovskaya","doi":"10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-620-626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-620-626","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that the highest content of auxins is found primarily in the areas of active mitosis, including young leaves, apical meristems, cambium, embryos and endosperm, as well as developing fruits, which determines, among other things, plant habitus and fruit size. In agriculture and biotechnology, auxins (indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) are used to stimulate lateral development, including in apple tree rootstocks. Despite the crucial role of endogenous IBA in rooting, its presence in apple tree tissues remains unconfirmed, although its content in planta was shown for many other plants. Therefore, in this work, the composition and content of auxins in 2 tissue types of Siberian apple tree of lowand high-growing forms, along with the presence of IBA in them, was compared. Tissues of ovary and bark of Siberian apple tree (Malus baccata L. Borkh.) of 2 forms (low and tall) growing on an experimental plot of Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry SB RAS were used in the study. Bark samples were collected from the 1st year shoots at the stage of intensive sap flow. The ovary samples were collected in July at the stage of active growth. Auxins purified by solid-phase extraction were analysed by GC-MS. In addition to IAA-3, the following auxins were found in fast-growing tissues of the Siberian apple tree both in the cambium layer of annual gain during intensive sap flow and set fruit during the active growth stage: IBA, indole-1-acetic acid, indole-3-carboxylic acid and indole-3-propionic acid. Similar to other plants, the content of these auxins was significantly lower than that of endogenous IAA.","PeriodicalId":20601,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85338695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-633-639
M. Lisanevich, E. Perushkina
This paper addresses the possibility of modifying the Holofiber® nonwoven fabrics with a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate in order to impart antimicrobial properties, since these materials are planned for medical use, in particular wound dressings. One stage in the development of a wound dressing based on nonwoven Holofiber® involved its impregnation with chlorhexidine by spraying a solution using a spray gun; the solution accumulated on the surface of the nonwoven fabrics in the form of drops. The agent was applied on both sides of samples having dimensions of 210×297 mm. Samples following impregnation were dried to a constant weight. The drying time of Holofiber® VOLUMETRIC P 84 amounted to 10 min. The antibacterial properties of modified nonwoven fabrics were evaluated by the following methods: modified disc diffusion (DDM) method, measurement of antibacterial activity on the surface of plastics and other non-porous materials, ISO-22196. The inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria for Holofiber® nonwoven fabrics treated with 0.05% chlorhexidine bigluconate solution amounted to 17 mm, which indicates the bactericidal properties of the studied material. In addition, it was confirmed by a decrease in the number of bacteria following the 24-hour incubation of a test microorganism in the presence of a polymer. The percentage of Staphylococcus aureus cell death equalled 99%. These results indicate that the nonwoven Holofiber® fabrics can be treated with a solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05% to impart antibacterial properties, since the substance used for treating a sample remains in the material following drying and exhibits an antibacterial effect.
{"title":"Modification of nonwoven fabrics with chlorhexidine to impart antibacterial properties","authors":"M. Lisanevich, E. Perushkina","doi":"10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-633-639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-633-639","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the possibility of modifying the Holofiber® nonwoven fabrics with a 0.05% solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate in order to impart antimicrobial properties, since these materials are planned for medical use, in particular wound dressings. One stage in the development of a wound dressing based on nonwoven Holofiber® involved its impregnation with chlorhexidine by spraying a solution using a spray gun; the solution accumulated on the surface of the nonwoven fabrics in the form of drops. The agent was applied on both sides of samples having dimensions of 210×297 mm. Samples following impregnation were dried to a constant weight. The drying time of Holofiber® VOLUMETRIC P 84 amounted to 10 min. The antibacterial properties of modified nonwoven fabrics were evaluated by the following methods: modified disc diffusion (DDM) method, measurement of antibacterial activity on the surface of plastics and other non-porous materials, ISO-22196. The inhibition zone of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria for Holofiber® nonwoven fabrics treated with 0.05% chlorhexidine bigluconate solution amounted to 17 mm, which indicates the bactericidal properties of the studied material. In addition, it was confirmed by a decrease in the number of bacteria following the 24-hour incubation of a test microorganism in the presence of a polymer. The percentage of Staphylococcus aureus cell death equalled 99%. These results indicate that the nonwoven Holofiber® fabrics can be treated with a solution of chlorhexidine bigluconate 0.05% to impart antibacterial properties, since the substance used for treating a sample remains in the material following drying and exhibits an antibacterial effect.","PeriodicalId":20601,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","volume":"640 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88792264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-589-598
N. Nam, M. T. Luong, N. Yudina, O. Ponamoreva, S. Alferov, Tang Chi, N. Dung, P. Duyên, V. T. Nghia
This article examines the distribution of nitrogen-transforming bacteria in an artificial reservoir (pond) populated with aquatic higher plants of common reed (Phragmites australis) and cattail (Typha) for treating swine wastewater. In the pond occupied by Phragmites australis, 7 strains of ammonium oxidising and 14 denitrifying bacteria were identified, while, in the pond occupied by Typha, 6 strains of ammonium oxidising and 19 denitrifying bacteria were distinguished. A comparative analysis of bacterial count at various sampling points revealed their decrease along the artificial pond. Most of the bacteria strains oxidising ammonium were identified in the samples collected from the surface layer of the pond, while denitrifying bacteria dominated the bottom layer. The isolated microorganisms identified by 16S rRNA sequencing belonged to the genus Pantoea, Enterobacter and Bacillus. An artificial pond having aquatic higher plants is characterised by a diverse microbiota, whose composition strongly depends on the wastewater source rather than on the cultivated plant species. The ammonia transformation and denitrification capacity of isolated bacterial strains was determined. The highest conversion efficiency of ammonia (up to 56%) was observed for Enterobacter cloacae bacteria isolated from the surface layer of the pond. Denitrifying bacteria sampled from the bottom layer allowed for the reduction in nitrate content from 20 to 10 mg/L in 72 h. The obtained results confirm the role of bacteria in the treatment of wastewater against nitrogen-containing pollutants, with the average efficiency of removal of inorganic nitrogen compounds being 50%.
{"title":"Distribution of nitrogen-transforming bacteria in an artificial reservoir populated with aquatic higher plants","authors":"N. Nam, M. T. Luong, N. Yudina, O. Ponamoreva, S. Alferov, Tang Chi, N. Dung, P. Duyên, V. T. Nghia","doi":"10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-589-598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21285/2227-2925-2022-12-4-589-598","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the distribution of nitrogen-transforming bacteria in an artificial reservoir (pond) populated with aquatic higher plants of common reed (Phragmites australis) and cattail (Typha) for treating swine wastewater. In the pond occupied by Phragmites australis, 7 strains of ammonium oxidising and 14 denitrifying bacteria were identified, while, in the pond occupied by Typha, 6 strains of ammonium oxidising and 19 denitrifying bacteria were distinguished. A comparative analysis of bacterial count at various sampling points revealed their decrease along the artificial pond. Most of the bacteria strains oxidising ammonium were identified in the samples collected from the surface layer of the pond, while denitrifying bacteria dominated the bottom layer. The isolated microorganisms identified by 16S rRNA sequencing belonged to the genus Pantoea, Enterobacter and Bacillus. An artificial pond having aquatic higher plants is characterised by a diverse microbiota, whose composition strongly depends on the wastewater source rather than on the cultivated plant species. The ammonia transformation and denitrification capacity of isolated bacterial strains was determined. The highest conversion efficiency of ammonia (up to 56%) was observed for Enterobacter cloacae bacteria isolated from the surface layer of the pond. Denitrifying bacteria sampled from the bottom layer allowed for the reduction in nitrate content from 20 to 10 mg/L in 72 h. The obtained results confirm the role of bacteria in the treatment of wastewater against nitrogen-containing pollutants, with the average efficiency of removal of inorganic nitrogen compounds being 50%.","PeriodicalId":20601,"journal":{"name":"PROCEEDINGS OF UNIVERSITIES APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75880217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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