Polymer Testing最新文献_第2页

Tensile properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibres: Influence of fibre orientation and stretching 静电纺聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的拉伸性能：纤维取向和拉伸的影响

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Polymer Testing

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109105

Siheng Shao, Surya D. Pandita, Boru An, Gerard F. Fernando

The tensile mechanical properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibres are generally lower when compared to melt and solution-spun fibres. Whilst electrospinning has been reported extensively, the effect of stretching of aligned nanofibres has not received significant coverage. In the current study, aligned electrospun PAN nanofibres were produced using the Vee-shield technique. The polymer concentration was 12 wt/vol% in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The tensile strength and modulus of the aligned PAN nanofibres were 76.31 ± 3.34 MPa and 4.05 ± 1.17 GPa respectively. This represents a threefold increase over the randomly oriented nanofibres (27.8 ± 1.90 MPa, 0.70 ± 0.22 GPa). Post-stretching (13.3% strain, held for 1, 2 and 4 h) of the aligned nanofibres enhanced the tensile strength by 18.27%. The viscoelastic behaviour of the stretched nanofibres was characterised using the generalised Maxwell model and excellent correlation (R² = 0.96) was observed between the experimental and predicted datasets. This paper demonstrates that the mechanical properties of electrospun PAN nanofibres can be enhanced through fibre alignment and controlled post-alignment stretching. This technique offers a method for improving the tensile properties of electrospun nanofibres.

静电纺聚丙烯腈（PAN）纳米纤维的拉伸力学性能普遍低于熔融纺和溶液纺纤维。虽然静电纺丝已经被广泛报道，但对齐纳米纤维拉伸的影响还没有得到重要的报道。在本研究中，利用vee屏蔽技术制备了定向静电纺PAN纳米纤维。聚合物在二甲亚砜（DMSO）中的浓度为12 wt/vol%。聚丙烯腈纳米纤维的拉伸强度和模量分别为76.31±3.34 MPa和4.05±1.17 GPa。这比随机取向的纳米纤维（27.8±1.90 MPa, 0.70±0.22 GPa）增加了三倍。拉伸后（13.3%的应变，保持1、2和4小时），排列的纳米纤维的拉伸强度提高了18.27%。拉伸纳米纤维的粘弹性行为使用广义Maxwell模型进行表征，实验数据集和预测数据集之间具有良好的相关性（R2 = 0.96）。本文论证了静电纺PAN纳米纤维的力学性能可以通过纤维对准和控制对准后拉伸来提高。该技术为提高静电纺纳米纤维的拉伸性能提供了一种方法。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical analysis of woven S-glass fibre/PEKK laminates subjected to low velocity impact at different locations s -玻璃纤维/PEKK编织层合板不同位置低速冲击的实验与数值分析

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Polymer Testing

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109135

Nassier A. Nassir , Pouria B. Ataabadi , R.S. Birch , W.J. Cantwell , J. Zhou , Z.W. Guan

High-performance composites based on Poly-ether-ketone-ketone (PEKK) have exhibited an exceptional impact resistance. However, update there is hardly any work focused on investigating the off-centre impact response of these composites. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the impact response of the composite plates based on high-performance S2-glass fibre reinforced thermoplastic (GF/PEKK) subjected to impact loading at different kinetic energies and different impact locations. The composite plates were therefore manufactured based on a lay-up consisting of eight plies of fibrous reinforcement and PEKK powder compacted in a hot press. Following manufacture, the plates were subjected to impact, both centrally and at off-centre positions. Herein, the force and energy absorption profiles are presented, along with impact damage profiles. Further, an ABAQUS/Explicit finite element (FE) model was developed as a means of predicting the behaviour of the laminates when subjected to these various impact scenarios. The modelling results were then compared with these experimental findings. It is shown that the FE model can be used to successfully predict failure in these GF/PEKK laminates under conditions of both central and off-centre impact.

基于聚醚酮酮（PEKK）的高性能复合材料具有优异的抗冲击性。然而，几乎没有任何工作集中在研究这些复合材料的偏心冲击响应。因此，本文旨在研究基于高性能s2 -玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料（GF/PEKK）的复合材料板在不同动能和不同冲击位置的冲击载荷下的冲击响应。因此，复合板是基于在热压机中压实的八层纤维增强和PEKK粉末组成的铺层制造的。在制造之后，钢板受到中心和非中心位置的冲击。在此，给出了力和能量吸收曲线，以及冲击损伤曲线。此外，开发了ABAQUS/显式有限元（FE）模型，作为预测层压板在这些不同冲击情景下的行为的手段。然后将模拟结果与这些实验结果进行比较。结果表明，有限元模型可以成功地预测GF/PEKK层合板在中心和非中心碰撞条件下的失效。

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引用次数: 0

Insulating yet terahertz-shielding Epoxy/MXene composites for impact-resistant electronic encapsulation 用于抗冲击电子封装的绝缘太赫兹屏蔽环氧/MXene复合材料

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Polymer Testing

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109124

Ruizhi Wang , Bowen Zhan , Zhiqiang Wang , Lijun Zhao , Junru Wang , Xiaochu Lin , Hongxiang Cao , Enling Tang

The development of electronic encapsulation materials for munitions requires a unique combination of high impact resistance, effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and reliable electrical insulation. Traditional epoxy resins often fall short in mitigating extreme mechanical loads and complex electromagnetic threats simultaneously. This study addresses this challenge by fabricating epoxy (Ep) composites incorporated with two-dimensional Ti₃C₂T_x MXene nanosheets (0.5∼4 wt%) as multifunctional fillers. The Ep/MXene composites were systematically evaluated for their mechanical properties, impact resistance, and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness across GHz and THz bands. Results indicate that an optimal MXene content of 2 wt% yields a superior balance of properties, achieving a maximum yield strength of 62.84 MPa and a ∼40% enhancement in impact energy absorption (25.4 J) compared to pure epoxy. Electromagnetic characterization reveals that while the composites provide moderate shielding in the GHz band (SET up to ∼4 dB at 4 wt%), they exhibit exceptional, absorption-dominated shielding in the THz band, with the 4 wt% composite attenuating over 99% of incident waves. Crucially, all composites retained high electrical insulation, comparable to neat epoxy. The synergistic enhancement is attributed to MXene's role in stress transfer, crack pinning, the formation of local conductive networks, and interfacial polarization effects.

用于弹药的电子封装材料的开发需要具有高抗冲击性、有效电磁干扰（EMI）屏蔽和可靠电绝缘的独特组合。传统环氧树脂在同时减轻极端机械载荷和复杂电磁威胁方面往往存在不足。本研究通过制造含有二维Ti3C2Tx MXene纳米片（0.5 ~ 4 wt%）作为多功能填料的环氧（Ep）复合材料来解决这一挑战。系统地评估了Ep/MXene复合材料的机械性能、抗冲击性以及GHz和THz频段的电磁屏蔽效果。结果表明，当MXene的最佳含量为2 wt%时，环氧树脂的性能得到了良好的平衡，与纯环氧树脂相比，其最大屈服强度为62.84 MPa，冲击能吸收提高了约40%（25.4 J）。电磁特性表明，虽然复合材料在GHz频段提供适度的屏蔽（在4 wt%时设置为~ 4 dB），但它们在太赫兹频段表现出特殊的吸收主导屏蔽，4 wt%复合材料衰减超过99%的入射波。至关重要的是，所有复合材料都保持了高电绝缘性，与纯环氧树脂相当。这种协同增强归因于MXene在应力传递、裂纹钉住、局部导电网络的形成和界面极化效应中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Extrusion processing of PEO/LATP composite electrolytes for solid-state batteries 固态电池用PEO/LATP复合电解质的挤压加工

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Polymer Testing

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109123

Hippolyte Houisse , Renaud Bouchet , Christian Carrot , Victor Chaudoy

Lithium metal has been seen for long as the key to develop next generation of high energy batteries but suffers from the formation of lithium dendrites during cycling which is hardly hindered by liquid electrolytes. Polymer electrolytes based on poly (ethylene oxide) doped by lithium salts provide good interfaces but suffer from poor ionic conductivity at room temperature and lack of mechanical properties above the melting temperature. Composite electrolytes are considered as a possible way to overcome these issues. This study experimented melt-extrusion without added solvent as a way to elaborate such an electrolyte using a model NaSICON type Li_1.3Al_0.3Ti_1.7(PO₄)₃ lithium-ion conductive filler, dispersed in a doped polymer matrix. Morphological, physical and resulting electrochemical properties of various compositions were investigated. 55 vol% of filler was shown to be the maximum that can be incorporated due to excessive viscosity and jamming. Below this limit, the extruded electrolytes display homogeneously dispersed particles and reduced tuneable porosity that enable to get soft elastic membranes at room temperature. Limitation of the ionic conductivity was observed and attributed to tortuosity and transport resistance at interfaces.

长期以来，锂金属一直被视为开发下一代高能电池的关键，但在循环过程中，锂枝晶的形成几乎不受液体电解质的阻碍。以锂盐掺杂的聚环氧乙烷为基础的聚合物电解质提供了良好的界面，但在室温下离子电导率差，在熔融温度以上缺乏机械性能。复合电解质被认为是克服这些问题的一种可能的方法。本研究使用分散在掺杂聚合物基体中的NaSICON型Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3锂离子导电填料，在不添加溶剂的情况下进行熔融挤压实验，以制备这种电解质。研究了不同组成物的形态、物理和电化学性能。55 填料体积%被证明是最大的，可以纳入由于过度的粘度和堵塞。在此限制下，挤压电解质显示均匀分散的颗粒和减少可调孔隙率，使室温下获得柔软的弹性膜。观察到离子电导率的限制，并将其归因于界面上的扭曲和输运阻力。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of resorcinol bis (diphenyl phosphate) (RDP) on the flame retardancy, foaming behavior, and thermal stability of poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) / polyamide (PPO/PA) composites 间苯二酚双（二苯基磷酸）（RDP）对聚（2,6-二甲基-1,4-环氧苯）/聚酰胺（PPO/PA）复合材料的阻燃性、发泡性能和热稳定性的协同作用

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Polymer Testing

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109129

Xiangbu Zeng , Shengnan Li , Jinfu Xing , Xiaodie Zhang , Chun Zhang , Wei Gong , Li He , Tuanhui Jiang

This study explores the modification and foaming behavior of poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) and polyamide 6 (PA6) composites with resorcinol bis (diphenyl phosphate) (RDP) as the flame retardant. The composites were prepared by extrusion blending, followed by chemical foaming injection molding. The effects of RDP content and core-back distance on microstructure, thermal properties, rheological behavior, flame retardancy, and foaming performance were systematically evaluated. RDP improved the flame retardancy by forming a dense protective char layer, but simultaneously reduced the thermal stability and crystallinity due to its plasticizing effect. Notably, incorporation of RDP improved the foaming quality, producing a more uniform cellular structure with smaller cell size. Rheological analysis indicated that an increase in RDP content reduced the melt viscosity and elasticity, thus promoting superior foam formation. The foamed structure could reduce the LOI value slightly, compared to un-foamed samples, but the overall flame retardancy remained high. At 8% RDP loading, the average cell diameter reached 87 μm, and the cell density increased to 5.3 × 10⁵ cells/cm³. This shows the synergistic effects of RDP on the flame retardancy and foaming performance of the composites. These findings underscore the potential of PPO/PA6 composites for applications demanding lightweight materials with enhanced fire safety.

研究了间苯二酚二（磷酸二苯酯）（RDP）作为阻燃剂对聚（2,6-二甲基-1,4-苯基氧化物）（PPO）和聚酰胺6 （PA6）复合材料的改性和发泡性能。采用挤压共混、化学发泡注射成型的方法制备复合材料。系统评价了RDP含量和芯背距离对材料微观结构、热性能、流变性能、阻燃性和发泡性能的影响。RDP通过形成致密的保护炭层提高了阻燃性，但同时由于其塑化作用降低了热稳定性和结晶度。值得注意的是，RDP的加入改善了发泡质量，产生了更均匀的孔结构和更小的孔尺寸。流变学分析表明，RDP含量的增加降低了熔体的粘度和弹性，从而促进了优异的泡沫形成。与未发泡的样品相比，发泡结构可以略微降低LOI值，但总体阻燃性仍然很高。在8% RDP负载下，细胞平均直径达到87 μm，细胞密度增加到5.3 × 105 cells/cm3。这表明RDP对复合材料的阻燃性能和发泡性能有协同作用。这些发现强调了PPO/PA6复合材料在要求轻质材料和增强消防安全性的应用中的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

High wood content / Poly(Butylene succinate) composites 3D-printed by fused granulate fabrication 高木材含量/聚丁二酸丁二烯复合材料熔融颗粒制造3d打印

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Polymer Testing

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109121

Oskars Platnieks , Alisa Ponkratenkova , Martins Nabels-Sneiders , Davis Veidmanis , Krisjanis Smits , Vijay Kumar Thakur , Sergejs Gaidukovs

The development of high bio-content materials for additive manufacturing is limited by restricted filler loadings and poor melt processability in filament-based extrusion. This work demonstrates fused granulate fabrication (FGF) of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) composites incorporating up to 55 wt% industrial birch wood dust without chemical compatibilizers. The influence of filler content on rheology, print quality, thermal behavior, and mechanical performance was systematically evaluated. Increasing wood content resulted in progressively higher melt viscosity and a transition from Newtonian to pronounced shear-thinning flow above 20 wt%, enabling improved dimensional stability during deposition. Optimal surface consolidation and interlayer fusion were achieved at 30–45 wt% filler, defining an effective processing window for highly filled PBS–wood composites. The Young's modulus increased from 0.34 GPa for neat PBS to approximately 1.3 GPa at 25 wt% wood, and then remained at a similar level for higher filler loadings up to 55 wt%. Tensile strength exhibited a non-linear dependence on filler loading, reaching a maximum of 28.9 MPa at 35 wt% wood. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed enhanced crystallinity up to 25 wt% wood, followed by a decline at higher concentrations. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that all compositions remained thermally stable within the 200–220 °C processing window used for FGF. The established structure–property and processing relationships confirm that PBS–wood composites can be processed at exceptionally high loadings without compromising printability, representing a significant advance toward high bio-content materials for additive manufacturing.

用于增材制造的高生物含量材料的发展受到填料载荷的限制和长丝基挤出的熔融加工性差的限制。这项工作展示了熔融颗粒制造（FGF）的聚丁二酸丁二烯（PBS）复合材料包含高达55 wt%工业桦木粉不含化学增容剂。系统地评价了填料含量对流变性、印刷质量、热性能和机械性能的影响。木材含量的增加导致熔体粘度逐渐提高，从牛顿流过渡到明显的剪切变薄流动，超过20 wt%，从而提高了沉积过程中的尺寸稳定性。在30-45 wt%的填料中实现了最佳的表面固结和层间融合，为高填充pbs -木材复合材料定义了一个有效的加工窗口。杨氏模量从纯PBS的0.34 GPa增加到25 wt%木材时的约1.3 GPa，然后在更高填料负载高达55 wt%时保持相似水平。抗拉强度与填料载荷呈非线性关系，在35 wt%木材时达到最大值28.9 MPa。差示扫描量热法显示结晶度提高至25 wt%木材，随后在较高浓度下下降。热重分析证实，所有成分在用于FGF的200-220 °C加工窗口内保持热稳定。已建立的结构-性能和加工关系证实，pbs -木复合材料可以在非常高的负载下加工，而不会影响打印性，这代表了增材制造中高生物含量材料的重大进步。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling the morphology evolution of PET during equi-biaxial elongation: from SAXS measurement to viscoelastic behavior prediction 模拟PET在等双轴延伸期间的形态演变：从SAXS测量到粘弹性行为预测

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Polymer Testing

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109120

Luc Chevalier, Yun-Mei Luo

The microstructure induced by the biaxial stretching of PET under conditions representative of the stretch blow-molding process enhances the material's mechanical performance. Using equi-biaxial tensile tests combined with small-angle synchrotron scattering, the evolution of the deformation-induced microstructure can be monitored in situ. This approach enables the characterization of the size and morphology of the crystalline phase, as well as the evolution of the degree of crystallinity during stretching.

A constitutive model accounting for this microstructural evolution, based on a double homogenization of the viscoelastic behavior of the amorphous phase and the quasi-elastic response of the crystalline phase, successfully reproduces the macroscopic mechanical behavior of PET, including its characteristic strain-hardening during elongation. This modeling framework represents a significant advancement and provides a basis for extending the approach to other biaxiality ratios encountered in industrial stretch blow-molding processes.

在具有代表性的拉伸吹塑工艺条件下，PET双向拉伸所产生的微观结构提高了材料的力学性能。利用等双轴拉伸试验结合小角度同步加速器散射，可以实时监测变形诱导组织的演变过程。这种方法可以表征结晶相的大小和形态，以及拉伸过程中结晶度的演变。基于非晶相的粘弹性行为和晶相的准弹性响应的双重均匀化，计算微观结构演变的本构模型成功地再现了PET的宏观力学行为，包括其在延伸过程中的特征应变硬化。该建模框架代表了一个重要的进步，并为将方法扩展到工业拉伸吹塑过程中遇到的其他双轴比提供了基础。

引用次数: 0

Investigating the uniaxial compressive mechanics of graded polymer foams via in-situ synchrotron X-ray microtomography 利用原位同步加速器x射线微层析成像技术研究梯度聚合物泡沫的单轴压缩力学

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Polymer Testing

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109107

Paolo Iaccarino , Clément Rey , Lorenzo Miele , Victor Okumko , Mario Scheel , Timm Weitkamp , Henry Proudhon , Ferdinando Auricchio , Ernesto Di Maio , Andrei Constantinescu

Graded polymer foams are emerging as transformative materials for structural applications, outperforming uniform foams due to their spatially tailored density and microstructural features. However, harnessing their full potential requires a deep understanding of how their macroscopic mechanical behavior relates to their complex microstructure evolution. In this study, we elucidate the uniaxial compressive response of graded foams using in-situ synchrotron X-ray microtomography, complemented by comparative experiments on uniform foams of varying densities. Our findings reveal that graded foams exhibit both qualitatively and quantitatively distinct mechanical behavior, driven by unique microscale deformation mechanisms. We evaluate and discuss their superior energy absorption performance and demonstrate how the density, cell size and circularity profile evolves under increasing macroscopic strain. Notably, the graded architecture enables precise control over the localization and progression of densification bands, offering unprecedented design flexibility for advanced structural applications.

梯度聚合物泡沫正在成为结构应用的变革性材料，由于其空间定制密度和微观结构特征，其性能优于均匀泡沫。然而，充分利用它们的潜力需要深入了解它们的宏观力学行为与它们复杂的微观结构演变之间的关系。在这项研究中，我们利用原位同步加速器x射线微断层扫描技术阐明了梯度泡沫的单轴压缩响应，并辅以不同密度均匀泡沫的对比实验。我们的研究结果表明，在独特的微尺度变形机制的驱动下，梯度泡沫在定性和定量上都表现出不同的力学行为。我们评估和讨论了它们优越的能量吸收性能，并展示了密度、细胞尺寸和圆度轮廓在增加宏观应变下的变化。值得注意的是，分级结构可以精确控制致密带的定位和进展，为先进的结构应用提供前所未有的设计灵活性。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative characterisation of capillary extrusion flow instabilities based on laser scanning: Study of the influence of silane coupling agent on ESBR/BR 基于激光扫描的毛细管挤出流动不稳定性定量表征：硅烷偶联剂对ESBR/BR影响的研究

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Polymer Testing

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109119

Yu Du , Zhongjin Du , Gerhard Ziegmann , Katarzyna Kapustka , Hongying Zhao , Shugao Zhao

In this paper, three-dimensional (3D) laser confocal microscopy has been utilised to quantify the flow instability during the capillary extrusion of ESBR/BR compounds with different silane coupling agent TESPD dosage and processing conditions. This approach aims to address the challenge of flow instability characterisation during extrusion. The analysis of the relationship between compound structure and extrusion rheological behaviours revealed that the introduction of TESPD markedly improved silica dispersion within the rubber matrix. Furthermore, the silanization reaction was found to be promoted by extending the mixing duration by 2 min. The comparative analysis of the flow instability characteristics of large-area samples, utilising data derived from spatial particle positions through 3D laser confocal microscopy imaging, elucidated the pivotal role of TESPD in augmenting flow stability and mitigating distortion in capillary extrusion processes. The frequency of flow instability occurrence and the degree of distortion were quantitatively characterised by means of Fourier-transform spatio-temporal maps. The results indicated that the incorporation of TESPD significantly reduced the distortion of capillary extrudates. At a shear rate of 10 s⁻¹, it exhibited reductions of 60.51% in SD and 73.16% in amplitude relative to the sample without TESPD. The extrudate roughness and die swelling ratio analysis further substantiates the mitigating effect of TESPD on flow instability.

本文利用三维激光共聚焦显微镜，定量研究了不同硅烷偶联剂TESPD用量和工艺条件下ESBR/BR化合物在毛细管挤压过程中的流动不稳定性。这种方法旨在解决挤压过程中流动不稳定性表征的挑战。复合结构与挤出流变行为的关系分析表明，TESPD的引入显著改善了橡胶基体中二氧化硅的分散。延长搅拌时间2 min，可促进硅烷化反应。利用三维激光共聚焦显微镜成像获得的空间颗粒位置数据，对大面积样品的流动不稳定性特征进行了对比分析，阐明了TESPD在提高毛细管挤压过程中的流动稳定性和减轻变形方面的关键作用。利用傅里叶变换的时空图定量表征了流动不稳定发生的频率和畸变程度。结果表明，TESPD的掺入显著降低了毛细管挤出物的变形。在剪切速率为10 s−1时，相对于未加TESPD的样品，SD降低了60.51%，振幅降低了73.16%。挤出物粗糙度和模具膨胀比分析进一步证实了TESPD对流动不稳定性的缓解作用。

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引用次数: 0

Tailoring mechanical properties in FFF-printed PEEK/CF scaffolds: The role of fiber content and raster angle fff打印PEEK/CF支架的剪裁机械性能：纤维含量和光栅角度的作用

IF 6 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Polymer Testing

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2026.109130

Enchun Dong , Yi Yang , Zhengtao Qi , Xiaoqian Zhang , Rui Ma , Jiancheng Wang , Yongle Wei , Tao Zhou , Changchao Sheng

3D-printed Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)/carbon fiber (CF) composites exhibited significant potential for engineering applications. However, existing researches on the mechanical properties had predominantly focused on solid specimens, while investigations into the mechanical behavior of PEEK/CF scaffolds remained limited. In this study, PEEK/CF composites scaffolds with varying CF contents and raster angle were fabricated using fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology. A systematic investigation was conducted to evaluate the effects of CF content and raster angle on the mechanical performance of PEEK/CF composite scaffolds. Tensile testing results revealed that as the CF content increased from 0% to 10%, both tensile modulus and tensile strength initially improved, reaching optimal values at a fiber content of 5%, beyond which further addition led to a decline of mechanics. When the raster angle changed from ±15° to 0/90°, the tensile strength and tensile modulus of PEEK/CF composites reached the optimum at ±75°. Compressive testing demonstrated that the reinforcing effect of CF on compressive modulus and strength was not significant at low raster angles (±15° and ±30°). However, when the raster angle exceeded ±45°, the compressive properties of PEEK/CF scaffold were markedly superior to those of pure PEEK. Furthermore, under identical raster angle conditions, the scaffolds exhibited distinct mechanical responses under tensile and compressive loading. These findings suggest that the internal printing orientation could be strategically tailored according to the anticipated load-bearing requirements of the application for the design and optimization of scaffolds.

3d打印聚醚醚酮(PEEK)/碳纤维（CF）复合材料显示出巨大的工程应用潜力。然而，现有的力学性能研究主要集中在固体样品上，而对PEEK/CF支架力学行为的研究仍然有限。在本研究中，采用熔丝制造（FFF）技术制备了不同CF含量和光栅角度的PEEK/CF复合材料支架。系统研究了CF含量和光栅角度对PEEK/CF复合支架力学性能的影响。拉伸试验结果表明，当CF含量从0%增加到10%时，抗拉模量和抗拉强度均有初步提高，在纤维含量为5%时达到最佳值，超过5%后，进一步添加会导致力学性能下降。当光栅角度从±15°变化到0/90°时，PEEK/CF复合材料的抗拉强度和抗拉模量在±75°时达到最佳。压缩试验表明，在低栅格角度（±15°和±30°）下，CF对抗压模量和强度的增强作用不显著。然而，当光栅角度超过±45°时，PEEK/CF支架的抗压性能明显优于纯PEEK。此外，在相同栅格角条件下，支架在拉伸和压缩载荷下表现出不同的力学响应。这些发现表明，内部打印方向可以根据应用程序的预期承载要求进行战略性定制，以进行支架的设计和优化。

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引用次数: 0