The aim of the article was to present the lexical richness and word-formation potential of the lexeme matka [mother] in the dialects of Ostróda, Warmia and Mazury. The lexemes mother, mama and muter, as well as their derivatives were analyzed. The linguistic material was based on the file of Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur [A Dictionary of Dialects of Ostróda, Warmia and Masuria Regions] that is a record of dialect status at the end of the 1950s. The lexeme matka is connected with the creation of 10 derivatives, the lexeme mama – with 7 derivatives, and muter – 2 derivatives. The derivation of the last word is a proof of the adaptation of a German root in the dialects under discussion. The analysis of the material has shown that the derivatives have a modify ing semantic function and they convey positive emotions towards the referent. In this way, hypocoristic formations were created whose suffixes do not differ significantly from the general Polish word-formation system. In addition, it turned out that about 80% of the derivatives come from the dialect literary style, as the second degree suffixes are not functional in the analyzed dialects. In communicating positive feelings towards the designate, simple suffixes were sufficient for the language users. It is not possible to determine isomorphs on the basis of the material collected in the file, as questions about diminutives were attached to the questionnaire at the last stage of the fieldwork.
本文的目的是呈现Ostróda、Warmia和Mazury方言中词素matka[母亲]的词汇丰富性和构词潜力。对词汇mother、mama和muter及其衍生词进行了分析。语言材料基于Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur [Ostróda, Warmia和Masuria地区方言词典]的文件，该文件记录了20世纪50年代末的方言状况。词素matka有10个衍生词，词素mama -有7个衍生词，词素muter -有2个衍生词。最后一个词的词源证明了在讨论的方言中对德语词根的改编。对材料的分析表明，衍生词具有修饰语义功能，表达了对指称者的积极情绪。这样，伪善的构词法就产生了，它的后缀与一般的波兰语构词法系统没有明显的不同。此外，由于二级后缀在所分析的方言中没有功能，约80%的衍生词来自方言文学风格。在表达对指定物的积极情感时，简单的后缀对语言使用者来说就足够了。根据档案中收集的材料不可能确定同构，因为在实地工作的最后阶段，有关小词的问题附在问卷上。
{"title":"Dokument utraconego/zanikającego dziedzictwa. Różnorodność leksykalno-słowotwórcza matki w gwarach Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur","authors":"Ewelina Grześkiewicz","doi":"10.15290/baj.2021.21.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/baj.2021.21.04","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article was to present the lexical richness and word-formation potential of the lexeme matka [mother] in the dialects of Ostróda, Warmia and Mazury. The lexemes mother, mama and muter, as well as their derivatives were analyzed. The linguistic material was based on the file of Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur [A Dictionary of Dialects of Ostróda, Warmia and Masuria Regions] that is a record of dialect status at the end of the 1950s. The lexeme matka is connected with the creation of 10 derivatives, the lexeme mama – with 7 derivatives, and muter – 2 derivatives. The derivation of the last word is a proof of the adaptation of a German root in the dialects under discussion. The analysis of the material has shown that the derivatives have a modify ing semantic function and they convey positive emotions towards the referent. In this way, hypocoristic formations were created whose suffixes do not differ significantly from the general Polish word-formation system. In addition, it turned out that about 80% of the derivatives come from the dialect literary style, as the second degree suffixes are not functional in the analyzed dialects. In communicating positive feelings towards the designate, simple suffixes were sufficient for the language users. It is not possible to determine isomorphs on the basis of the material collected in the file, as questions about diminutives were attached to the questionnaire at the last stage of the fieldwork.","PeriodicalId":206692,"journal":{"name":"Białostockie Archiwum Językowe","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121234804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Le rôle du mot dans le discours des campagnes sociétales","authors":"Agnieszka Woch","doi":"10.15290/baj.2019.19.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/baj.2019.19.23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206692,"journal":{"name":"Białostockie Archiwum Językowe","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128545766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Les anthroponymes dans le roman Uwikłanie de Zygmunt Miłoszewski et dans sa traduction en français","authors":"Urszula Kochanowska","doi":"10.15290/baj.2019.19.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/baj.2019.19.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206692,"journal":{"name":"Białostockie Archiwum Językowe","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129107439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"D’une horde de barbares à une horde de pensées – à propos de quelques quantifieurs nominaux figuratifs d’origine militaire en français et en polonais","authors":"Małgorzata Izert","doi":"10.15290/BAJ.2019.19.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/BAJ.2019.19.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206692,"journal":{"name":"Białostockie Archiwum Językowe","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124299563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La dimension argumentative de la formule dobra zmiana (‘bon changement’) dans l’espace socio-discursif polonais","authors":"Agnieszka Konowska","doi":"10.15290/BAJ.2019.19.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/BAJ.2019.19.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206692,"journal":{"name":"Białostockie Archiwum Językowe","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123373147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents fundamental achievements of the 18th century Polish lexicography: Nowy dykcjonarz (New Dictionary) by M.A. Troc and Nowy wielki dykcjonarz (New Great Dictionary) by P. Danet and D. Kola, in the context of contemporary research needs (especially those pertaining to historical linguistics) as well as the challenges faced by Polish lexicography (historical lexicography in particular). The primary objective is the identification of lexis comprised in both dictionaries – the linguistic material is reliable and representative of the status and condition of the Polish language of the day. A more profound insight into lexical structure, the analysis of word meanings along with the examination of the frequency of words in particular lexico-semantic fields may be a major contribution to the knowledge of the Polish lexis of mid 18th century and a promising scientific springboard for further research into the development of lexical system of the epoch that still remains a blank spot in Polish lexicology. The two works are also interesting for their cultural value. The units recorded in both lexicons not only show the richness of Polish vocabulary, but they also shed light on the Polish culture. Behind these words are two worlds – the material and the mental/spiritual, the latter hidden beneath the former. The aforementioned challenges for historical lexicography include the need for digitization of the contents of the dictionaries under study. Although they have already been digitized, the present version is far from being easy to use, with the Polish material (especially that in Danet-Kola’s lexicon) still remaining inaccessible.
本文介绍了18世纪波兰词典编纂的基本成就:由M.A. Troc和P. Danet和D. Kola撰写的Nowy dykcjonarz(新词典)和由P. Danet和D. Kola撰写的Nowy wielki dykcjonarz(新大词典)，在当代研究需要的背景下(特别是与历史语言学有关的)以及波兰词典编纂所面临的挑战(特别是历史词典编纂)。主要目标是识别两本词典中的词汇-语言材料是可靠的，并代表了当时波兰语的地位和状况。更深入地了解词汇结构、词义分析以及词汇语义领域的词频检查，可能是对18世纪中期波兰语词汇知识的重大贡献，并为进一步研究该时期波兰语词汇系统的发展提供了一个有希望的科学跳板，而波兰语词汇学仍然是一个空白。这两部作品的文化价值也很有趣。两本词典中记录的单位不仅显示了波兰语词汇的丰富性，而且还揭示了波兰文化。这些词的背后是两个世界——物质世界和精神世界，后者隐藏在前者之下。前面提到的历史词典编纂的挑战包括需要对所研究的词典的内容进行数字化。尽管它们已经被数字化了，但目前的版本还远不能方便使用，波兰语的材料(尤其是Danet-Kola词典中的材料)仍然无法访问。
{"title":"Największe dzieła polskiej leksykografii XVIII wieku (Nowy dykcjonarz Michała Abrahama Troca oraz Nowy wielki dykcjonarz Piotra Daneta i Dymitra Koli) z perspektywy współczesnych badań historycznojęzykowych: nowe wyzwania i potrzeby badawcze","authors":"Beata Kuryłowicz","doi":"10.15290/baj.2021.21.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/baj.2021.21.06","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents fundamental achievements of the 18th century Polish lexicography: Nowy dykcjonarz (New Dictionary) by M.A. Troc and Nowy wielki dykcjonarz (New Great Dictionary) by P. Danet and D. Kola, in the context of contemporary research needs (especially those pertaining to historical linguistics) as well as the challenges faced by Polish lexicography (historical lexicography in particular). The primary objective is the identification of lexis comprised in both dictionaries – the linguistic material is reliable and representative of the status and condition of the Polish language of the day. A more profound insight into lexical structure, the analysis of word meanings along with the examination of the frequency of words in particular lexico-semantic fields may be a major contribution to the knowledge of the Polish lexis of mid 18th century and a promising scientific springboard for further research into the development of lexical system of the epoch that still remains a blank spot in Polish lexicology. The two works are also interesting for their cultural value. The units recorded in both lexicons not only show the richness of Polish vocabulary, but they also shed light on the Polish culture. Behind these words are two worlds – the material and the mental/spiritual, the latter hidden beneath the former. The aforementioned challenges for historical lexicography include the need for digitization of the contents of the dictionaries under study. Although they have already been digitized, the present version is far from being easy to use, with the Polish material (especially that in Danet-Kola’s lexicon) still remaining inaccessible.","PeriodicalId":206692,"journal":{"name":"Białostockie Archiwum Językowe","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116512185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of considerations presented in this article is phraseological units appearing in Dominik Kuziniewicz’s tales. The research material was selected from two of his books: Kochaninkie, patrzajciesami (1989) and Żeby gembulka była uśmiechnięta (2007).The overwhelming majority of the phraseological relationships used by the storyteller is colloquial, which was dictated by the topics discussed in the texts that relate to various situations occuring in everyday life. The research shows that only a small group of phraseologies was used in the canonical form, while the absolute majority of phraseological units appear in a modified form. Their various transformations were largely favored by the stylization of the Polish dialects used in Lithuania. As a result of such an operation, in many phraseologisms (with original lexics), Polish grammatical forms were replaced by forms characteristic to these language varieties. Much more often, the author changes the lexical composition of phraseologisms, using various procedures, such as replacing the lexical component of phraseology, supplementing phraseology with new components and using phraseological calque of East Slavic languages.
本文所考虑的主题是多米尼克·库兹尼维奇的故事中出现的短语单位。研究材料选自他的两本书:Kochaninkie, patrzajciesami(1989)和Żeby gembulka była uśmiechnięta(2007)。讲故事的人使用的绝大多数短语关系都是口语化的，这是由文本中讨论的主题决定的，这些主题与日常生活中发生的各种情况有关。研究表明，只有一小部分短语以规范形式使用，而绝大多数短语单位以修改形式出现。他们的各种变化在很大程度上受到立陶宛使用的波兰方言的风格化的青睐。由于这种操作的结果，在许多短语(具有原始词汇)中，波兰语的语法形式被这些语言变体的特征形式所取代。更多的时候，作者采用各种方法改变短语的词汇组成，如替换短语的词汇成分，用新的成分补充短语，使用东斯拉夫语的短语calque等。
{"title":"Frazeologizmy w gawędach Dominika Kuziniewicza","authors":"Barbara Dwilewicz","doi":"10.15290/baj.2022.22.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/baj.2022.22.03","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of considerations presented in this article is phraseological units appearing in Dominik Kuziniewicz’s tales. The research material was selected from two of his books: Kochaninkie, patrzajciesami (1989) and Żeby gembulka była uśmiechnięta (2007).The overwhelming majority of the phraseological relationships used by the storyteller is colloquial, which was dictated by the topics discussed in the texts that relate to various situations occuring in everyday life. The research shows that only a small group of phraseologies was used in the canonical form, while the absolute majority of phraseological units appear in a modified form. Their various transformations were largely favored by the stylization of the Polish dialects used in Lithuania. As a result of such an operation, in many phraseologisms (with original lexics), Polish grammatical forms were replaced by forms characteristic to these language varieties. Much more often, the author changes the lexical composition of phraseologisms, using various procedures, such as replacing the lexical component of phraseology, supplementing phraseology with new components and using phraseological calque of East Slavic languages.","PeriodicalId":206692,"journal":{"name":"Białostockie Archiwum Językowe","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133653149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article offers a brief overview of the most prominent landmarks in the development of Cognitive Linguistics. It starts with the very inception of the field in the late 70s as a strong reaction against a doctrine of generative linguistics dominating at that time. Later the paper describes the cornerstone theories which were at the onset of this linguistic enterprise. From the very beginning the movement was rather diverse and still cannot be defined as one unified theory; however, there has always been one common factor in its approaches which is the centrality of meaning in language study. The works of the second wave of cognitive linguists, which are also outlined in the article, focused even more increasingly on cognitive functions providing insights into the nature and organization of human thoughts. Nowadays the postulates of Cognitive Linguistics are applied not only to all levels of language study but extended to other scientific areas.
{"title":"Cognitive linguistics – a historical context","authors":"Nina Shtok","doi":"10.15290/baj.2021.21.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/baj.2021.21.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article offers a brief overview of the most prominent landmarks in the development of Cognitive Linguistics. It starts with the very inception of the field in the late 70s as a strong reaction against a doctrine of generative linguistics dominating at that time. Later the paper describes the cornerstone theories which were at the onset of this linguistic enterprise. From the very beginning the movement was rather diverse and still cannot be defined as one unified theory; however, there has always been one common factor in its approaches which is the centrality of meaning in language study. The works of the second wave of cognitive linguists, which are also outlined in the article, focused even more increasingly on cognitive functions providing insights into the nature and organization of human thoughts. Nowadays the postulates of Cognitive Linguistics are applied not only to all levels of language study but extended to other scientific areas.","PeriodicalId":206692,"journal":{"name":"Białostockie Archiwum Językowe","volume":"6 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114031538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper focuses on acronym-based noun phrases, i.e. noun phrases consisting of an abbreviation and a non-abbreviated lexeme. The author works with the theory of lexical motivation which presumes the existence of several types of motivation, including abbreviation and syntactic motivation. While abbreviations are formed by means of abbreviation motivation, syntactic constructions such as noun phrases are formed by means of syntactic motivation. Both types of motivation are dominant in the forming of abbreviation noun phrases. The author distinguishes and explains the differences between tautological (PIN number), semi-tautological (SIM card) and explicative noun phrases (GPRS platforms) as well as abbreviation multi-word units (USB port). The paper points out manifold functionality of each type of abbreviation noun phrase/multiword unit and presents abbreviations as productive means of forming new constructions and lexemes. Their versatile character makes abbreviations universal forms for coining new expressions of terminological character and thus contributing to multiple terminological databases of languages.
{"title":"Abbreviation noun phrases at the intersection of abbreviation and syntactic motivations","authors":"Miroslava Gavurová","doi":"10.15290/baj.2021.21.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15290/baj.2021.21.02","url":null,"abstract":"The paper focuses on acronym-based noun phrases, i.e. noun phrases consisting of an abbreviation and a non-abbreviated lexeme. The author works with the theory of lexical motivation which presumes the existence of several types of motivation, including abbreviation and syntactic motivation. While abbreviations are formed by means of abbreviation motivation, syntactic constructions such as noun phrases are formed by means of syntactic motivation. Both types of motivation are dominant in the forming of abbreviation noun phrases. The author distinguishes and explains the differences between tautological (PIN number), semi-tautological (SIM card) and explicative noun phrases (GPRS platforms) as well as abbreviation multi-word units (USB port). The paper points out manifold functionality of each type of abbreviation noun phrase/multiword unit and presents abbreviations as productive means of forming new constructions and lexemes. Their versatile character makes abbreviations universal forms for coining new expressions of terminological character and thus contributing to multiple terminological databases of languages.","PeriodicalId":206692,"journal":{"name":"Białostockie Archiwum Językowe","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116449768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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