Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30103
S B DOTY, C W YATES, W E LOTZ, W KISECLESKI, R V TALMAGE
Summary A study of the distribution of plutonium-239 in bone, and its effects on bone cells has been presented and correlated with endogenous parathyroid activity. There was no measurable effect on the function of existing osteoblasts or osteoclasts during this short term (5 day) experiment. Also, incorporation of plutonium into osteoclasts did not disrupt the ability of parathyroid hormone to maintain normal calcium levels. However, it could be demonstrated that plutonium, for the first 48 hours after administration, affected certain of the undifferentiated bone cells, which in turn prevented the increased osteoclast production normally seen following endogenous parathyroid stimulation.
{"title":"EFFECT OF SHORT TERM ALPHA IRRADIATION ON PARATHYROID ACTIVITY AND OSTEOCLAST NUMBERS.","authors":"S B DOTY, C W YATES, W E LOTZ, W KISECLESKI, R V TALMAGE","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30103","url":null,"abstract":"Summary A study of the distribution of plutonium-239 in bone, and its effects on bone cells has been presented and correlated with endogenous parathyroid activity. There was no measurable effect on the function of existing osteoblasts or osteoclasts during this short term (5 day) experiment. Also, incorporation of plutonium into osteoclasts did not disrupt the ability of parathyroid hormone to maintain normal calcium levels. However, it could be demonstrated that plutonium, for the first 48 hours after administration, affected certain of the undifferentiated bone cells, which in turn prevented the increased osteoclast production normally seen following endogenous parathyroid stimulation.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"77-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40799771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30110
R H PALMER
Summary Three steroid pyrogens known to produce fever and inflammation in man were examined for inflammatory activity in rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, rats and dogs. Etiocholanolone, 11-ketopregnanolone and lithocholic acid are all capable of eliciting intense inflammatory reactions in experimental animals, although considerable variation in individual and species sensitivity was observed. Lithocholic acid, like the neutral steroids, failed to produce fever in rabbits, rats, dogs, cats and monkeys, thus confirming the highly specific nature of this activity in humans.
{"title":"INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF PYROGENIC STEROIDS IN ANIMALS.","authors":"R H PALMER","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30110","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Three steroid pyrogens known to produce fever and inflammation in man were examined for inflammatory activity in rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, rats and dogs. Etiocholanolone, 11-ketopregnanolone and lithocholic acid are all capable of eliciting intense inflammatory reactions in experimental animals, although considerable variation in individual and species sensitivity was observed. Lithocholic acid, like the neutral steroids, failed to produce fever in rabbits, rats, dogs, cats and monkeys, thus confirming the highly specific nature of this activity in humans.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"108-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40885491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30121
J M CORCOS, Z OVARY
Summary 1. Precipitating antibodies to insulin have been demonstrated in the guinea pig. 2. Two types of 7S anti-insulin antibodies were separated by zone electrophoresis and were shown to have different biological activities. The slower moving gamma 2 antibodies provoked hemagglutination and hemolysis in presence of complement. The faster moving gamma 1 antibodies gave PCA reactions in the guinea pig. 3. Oxidized B chain of insulin did not share antigenic determinants with the intact insulin molecule.
{"title":"BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF GUINEA PIG ANTI-INSULIN ANTIBODIES.","authors":"J M CORCOS, Z OVARY","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30121","url":null,"abstract":"Summary 1. Precipitating antibodies to insulin have been demonstrated in the guinea pig. 2. Two types of 7S anti-insulin antibodies were separated by zone electrophoresis and were shown to have different biological activities. The slower moving gamma 2 antibodies provoked hemagglutination and hemolysis in presence of complement. The faster moving gamma 1 antibodies gave PCA reactions in the guinea pig. 3. Oxidized B chain of insulin did not share antigenic determinants with the intact insulin molecule.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"142-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40885502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30127
W A CRANE, L P DUTTA, D J INGLE
Summary The numbers of nuclei in the DNA synthetic phase of the nuclear cycle were estimated in the rat anterior pituitary by 3H-thymidine autoradiography. Age, sex, and hormonal state produced significant shifts in the labeling frequency. Radioactive nuclei were more numerous in young females and less frequent in adult males. The low labeling frequency in adult male rat pituitary was further depressed by cortisone administration.
{"title":"CELL PROLIFERATION IN THE RAT PITUITARY.","authors":"W A CRANE, L P DUTTA, D J INGLE","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30127","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The numbers of nuclei in the DNA synthetic phase of the nuclear cycle were estimated in the rat anterior pituitary by 3H-thymidine autoradiography. Age, sex, and hormonal state produced significant shifts in the labeling frequency. Radioactive nuclei were more numerous in young females and less frequent in adult males. The low labeling frequency in adult male rat pituitary was further depressed by cortisone administration.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"167-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40885509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-04-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-118-30007
J F MILLER, M BLOCK, D T ROWLANDS, P KIND
Summary Opossums were thymectomized when lymphatic tissue had developed in some lymph nodes but not in the spleen. They were sacrificed 2 weeks later. Lymph nodes were grossly deficient in small and medium lymphocytes and lymphatic tissue did not appear in the spleen. Myeloid tissue not only persisted but was found greatly increased in amount at a time when it would have normally decreased. Maturation and proliferation of this tissue was abnormal, being characterized by maturation arrest and ineffective erythropoiesis. These findings indicate that the thymus influences the origin of lymphatic tissue, at least in the spleen, maintenance of lymphatic tissue in lymph nodes, and suppression of myeloid tissue in lymph nodes and spleen.
{"title":"EFFECT OF THYMECTOMY ON HEMATOPOIETIC ORGANS OF THE OPOSSUM \"EMBRYO\".","authors":"J F MILLER, M BLOCK, D T ROWLANDS, P KIND","doi":"10.3181/00379727-118-30007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-118-30007","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Opossums were thymectomized when lymphatic tissue had developed in some lymph nodes but not in the spleen. They were sacrificed 2 weeks later. Lymph nodes were grossly deficient in small and medium lymphocytes and lymphatic tissue did not appear in the spleen. Myeloid tissue not only persisted but was found greatly increased in amount at a time when it would have normally decreased. Maturation and proliferation of this tissue was abnormal, being characterized by maturation arrest and ineffective erythropoiesis. These findings indicate that the thymus influences the origin of lymphatic tissue, at least in the spleen, maintenance of lymphatic tissue in lymph nodes, and suppression of myeloid tissue in lymph nodes and spleen.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"916-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-118-30007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40782795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-04-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-118-30048
T J WIKTOR, H KOPROWSKI
Summary The antigenicity of 2 strains of rabies virus (Flury HEP and Pitman-Moore) propagated in a Human Diploid Cell Strain and used as live and inactivated vaccine was studied in Rhesus monkeys. It was found that these strains were much more antigenic than the same strains of virus propagated in embryonated avian egg before adaptation to tissue culture. The use of this tissue culture vaccine in man should be contemplated.
{"title":"SUCCESSFUL IMMUNIZATION OF PRIMATES WITH RABIES VACCINE PREPARED IN HUMAN DIPLOID CELL STRAIN WI-38.","authors":"T J WIKTOR, H KOPROWSKI","doi":"10.3181/00379727-118-30048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-118-30048","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The antigenicity of 2 strains of rabies virus (Flury HEP and Pitman-Moore) propagated in a Human Diploid Cell Strain and used as live and inactivated vaccine was studied in Rhesus monkeys. It was found that these strains were much more antigenic than the same strains of virus propagated in embryonated avian egg before adaptation to tissue culture. The use of this tissue culture vaccine in man should be contemplated.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1069-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-118-30048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40782792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-04-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-118-30062
F W HOFFBAUER, F G ZAKI
Summary Liver fat accumulation was studied in groups of young rats fed one of 3 low protein diets containing, respectively, 5%, 20% and 38% lard. Each diet furnished the same quantity of protein (casein and soy-α-protein). The rapidity and magnitude of fat accumulation was greatest in rats fed the 38% lard diet and least in those receiving the one containing 5% lard. In previous studies the same diets were fed for 15 weeks: the 38% lard diet produced the greatest incidence and the most severe degree of cirrhosis, whereas the group fed the 5% lard diet had the least severe degree of liver damage. The severity of the fatty cirrhosis that ultimately develops in choline deficient rats is chiefly determined by rate and magnitude of fat accumulation in the liver in the first 3 weeks of the experiment.
{"title":"FATTY CIRRHOSIS IN THE RAT. VII. INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF DIETARY FAT ON EARLY DEPOSITION OF FAT IN LIVER.","authors":"F W HOFFBAUER, F G ZAKI","doi":"10.3181/00379727-118-30062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-118-30062","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Liver fat accumulation was studied in groups of young rats fed one of 3 low protein diets containing, respectively, 5%, 20% and 38% lard. Each diet furnished the same quantity of protein (casein and soy-α-protein). The rapidity and magnitude of fat accumulation was greatest in rats fed the 38% lard diet and least in those receiving the one containing 5% lard. In previous studies the same diets were fed for 15 weeks: the 38% lard diet produced the greatest incidence and the most severe degree of cirrhosis, whereas the group fed the 5% lard diet had the least severe degree of liver damage. The severity of the fatty cirrhosis that ultimately develops in choline deficient rats is chiefly determined by rate and magnitude of fat accumulation in the liver in the first 3 weeks of the experiment.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1130-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-118-30062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40782793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-04-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-118-30003
J J KABARA
In order further to understand factors affecting cholesterol metabolism in adult animals, we have studied the effect of a central nervous system stimulant, methylphenidate (Ritalin), on brain cholesterol metabolism. Structurally, this compound is related to compounds having a hypocholesterolemic effect (1,2,3), and also acts as a central nervous system stimulant(4). A preliminary report of these experiments has been published (5). The present paper is a more complete study of the effect of this drug on acetate incorporation into brain cholesterol.Experimental. Radioactive precursors. Acetate-2-3H (10 mC/m-mole); acetate-l-14C (2.8 mC/m-mole); acetate-2-14C (1.5 mC/m-mole) were used simultaneously in these studies. Radioactive nutrients were dissolved in physiological saline, with benzyl alcohol (0.9%) added as a preservative. The resultant solutions were injected intraperitoneally.The drug (methylphenidate) Ritalin, donated by Ciba Pharmaceutical Co. (H. Sheppard), was prepared as a 1% solution in saline....
{"title":"BRAIN CHOLESTEROL. 8. EFFECT OF METHYLPHENIDATE (RITALIN) ON THE INCORPORATION OF SPECIFICALLY LABELED ACETATE.","authors":"J J KABARA","doi":"10.3181/00379727-118-30003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-118-30003","url":null,"abstract":"In order further to understand factors affecting cholesterol metabolism in adult animals, we have studied the effect of a central nervous system stimulant, methylphenidate (Ritalin), on brain cholesterol metabolism. Structurally, this compound is related to compounds having a hypocholesterolemic effect (1,2,3), and also acts as a central nervous system stimulant(4). A preliminary report of these experiments has been published (5). The present paper is a more complete study of the effect of this drug on acetate incorporation into brain cholesterol.Experimental. Radioactive precursors. Acetate-2-3H (10 mC/m-mole); acetate-l-14C (2.8 mC/m-mole); acetate-2-14C (1.5 mC/m-mole) were used simultaneously in these studies. Radioactive nutrients were dissolved in physiological saline, with benzyl alcohol (0.9%) added as a preservative. The resultant solutions were injected intraperitoneally.The drug (methylphenidate) Ritalin, donated by Ciba Pharmaceutical Co. (H. Sheppard), was prepared as a 1% solution in saline....","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"905-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-118-30003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40782794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-08-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-110-27678
R ROZANSKY, S PERSKY, B BERCOVICE
Summary The antibacterial action of human cervical mucus was investigated. The results indicated that cervical mucus contains a lysozyme-like substance.
{"title":"Antibacterial action of human cervical mucus.","authors":"R ROZANSKY, S PERSKY, B BERCOVICE","doi":"10.3181/00379727-110-27678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-110-27678","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The antibacterial action of human cervical mucus was investigated. The results indicated that cervical mucus contains a lysozyme-like substance.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"876-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-110-27678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40812438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1962-08-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-110-27664
J L RIGGS, G C BROWN
Summary Tissue culture cells infected with various enteroviruses show specific immunofluorescence when stained directly with conjugated fractionated antiserum. The indirect method of fluorescent antibody determination is an even more satisfactory diagnostic technic since it makes possible the detection and titration of enterovirus antibodies actively acquired following clinical or subclinical infection or from vaccination.
{"title":"Application of direct and indirect immunofluorescence for identification of enteroviruses and titrating their antibodies.","authors":"J L RIGGS, G C BROWN","doi":"10.3181/00379727-110-27664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-110-27664","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Tissue culture cells infected with various enteroviruses show specific immunofluorescence when stained directly with conjugated fractionated antiserum. The indirect method of fluorescent antibody determination is an even more satisfactory diagnostic technic since it makes possible the detection and titration of enterovirus antibodies actively acquired following clinical or subclinical infection or from vaccination.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"833-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1962-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-110-27664","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40809900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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