Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30138
A V SCHALLY, S L STEELMAN, C Y BOWERS
Summary The pituitary incubation technique of Saffran and Schally was utihed for detection of factors affecting the release of growth hormone in vitro. Pituitary stalkmedian eminence extracts of porcine and bovine origin were shown to contain a growth hormone releasing factor (GRF).
{"title":"EFFECT OF HYPOTHALAMIC EXTRACTS ON RELEASE OF GROWTH HORMONE IN VITRO.","authors":"A V SCHALLY, S L STEELMAN, C Y BOWERS","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30138","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The pituitary incubation technique of Saffran and Schally was utihed for detection of factors affecting the release of growth hormone in vitro. Pituitary stalkmedian eminence extracts of porcine and bovine origin were shown to contain a growth hormone releasing factor (GRF).","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"208-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30101
L SWELL, R E DAILEY, C R TREADWELL
Summary Canine adrenal cell fraction (mitochondria, microsomes, and soluble fraction) were found to convert cholesterol-4-C14 to esters and adrenal steroids. The most active cell fraction was mitochondria; mitochondria also contained most of the adrenal cholesterol (as ester). The cholesterol esters synthesized by mitochondria and microsomes contained a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The esters synthesized were similar in composition to those present in mitochondria and microsomes.
{"title":"ESTERIFICATION OF CHOLESTEROL BY CANINE ADRENAL CELL FRACTIONS.","authors":"L SWELL, R E DAILEY, C R TREADWELL","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30101","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Canine adrenal cell fraction (mitochondria, microsomes, and soluble fraction) were found to convert cholesterol-4-C14 to esters and adrenal steroids. The most active cell fraction was mitochondria; mitochondria also contained most of the adrenal cholesterol (as ester). The cholesterol esters synthesized by mitochondria and microsomes contained a high proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The esters synthesized were similar in composition to those present in mitochondria and microsomes.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"71-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40798136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30107
M J FINEGOLD
Summary Excision of a piece of skin, including epidermis and superficial dermis, from the dorsum of the ear of a hamster resulted in marked proliferation of cells in the ventral epidermis opposite the wound. Restoration of the excised tissue by grafting suppressed this hyperplastic response by 30 to 75% at various times, indicating that tissue-specific inhibition of mitotic activity occurs in epidermis. The suppression of host cell proliferation was correlated with the presence of tritium labelled thymidine within the graft cells. This suggests that metabolic activity within the graft, rather than the mere presence of a graft in the defect, is necessary for the inhibition of cell multiplication in the host epidermis.
{"title":"CONTROL OF CELL MULTIPLICATION IN EPIDERMIS.","authors":"M J FINEGOLD","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30107","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Excision of a piece of skin, including epidermis and superficial dermis, from the dorsum of the ear of a hamster resulted in marked proliferation of cells in the ventral epidermis opposite the wound. Restoration of the excised tissue by grafting suppressed this hyperplastic response by 30 to 75% at various times, indicating that tissue-specific inhibition of mitotic activity occurs in epidermis. The suppression of host cell proliferation was correlated with the presence of tritium labelled thymidine within the graft cells. This suggests that metabolic activity within the graft, rather than the mere presence of a graft in the defect, is necessary for the inhibition of cell multiplication in the host epidermis.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"96-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40798139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AMYLOIDOSIS IN STRAIN BL-LYDE MICE.","authors":"M K DERINGER","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"94-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40799772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30116
W J LOSSOW, G SHYAMALA, S SHAH, I L CHAIKOFF
Summary A very low-density, cholesterol-labeled lipoprotein fraction of rat chyle, in which about 70% of the sterol C14 was in the esterified form, was injected intravenously into normal rats and into rats bearing the transplanted Snell adrenal cortical tumor 494H. The esterified and free sterol C14 contents of the tumor and of the normal adrenal glands were measured at several intervals after the injection. The same general pattern—an initial decrease followed by an increase in the proportion of sterol C14 esterified—was observed for tumor and normal gland. This suggests that in both cases the uptake and hydrolysis of labeled chyle cholesterol esters were followed by cholesterol reesterification. In the tumor, however, the hydrolysis occurred later and the subsequent reesterification was much less pronounced. A comparison of esterification of free cholesterol and hydrolysis of cholesterol oleate by homogenates prepared from tumors and normal glands revealed the following for both tissues: The pH optimum, in the absence of cofactors, was 5.0. Addition of CoA, ATP, Mg++ and GSH at that pH did not increase the esterification, whereas their addition at pH 6.6 did. Hydrolysis of cholesterol oleate was highest at pH 7.0 or above. Quantitative differences between the tumor and the normal adrenal in vitro reflected differences observed in vivo. Homogenates prepared from the tumor had a lower capacity for hydrolyzing cholesterol oleate and for esterifying free cholesterol than did homogenates of the normal gland. In the tumor, in contrast to the normal adrenal, the predominant form of the endogenous sterol was the free rather than the esterified. This finding, as well as those cited above, suggests that the major of the two described defects in cholesterol metabolism in the tumor is the impairment in capacity to esterify free cholesterol.
{"title":"UPTAKE, HYDROLYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF CHOLESTEROL ESTERS BY A TRANSPLANTABLE ADRENAL CORTICAL TUMOR.","authors":"W J LOSSOW, G SHYAMALA, S SHAH, I L CHAIKOFF","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30116","url":null,"abstract":"Summary A very low-density, cholesterol-labeled lipoprotein fraction of rat chyle, in which about 70% of the sterol C14 was in the esterified form, was injected intravenously into normal rats and into rats bearing the transplanted Snell adrenal cortical tumor 494H. The esterified and free sterol C14 contents of the tumor and of the normal adrenal glands were measured at several intervals after the injection. The same general pattern—an initial decrease followed by an increase in the proportion of sterol C14 esterified—was observed for tumor and normal gland. This suggests that in both cases the uptake and hydrolysis of labeled chyle cholesterol esters were followed by cholesterol reesterification. In the tumor, however, the hydrolysis occurred later and the subsequent reesterification was much less pronounced. A comparison of esterification of free cholesterol and hydrolysis of cholesterol oleate by homogenates prepared from tumors and normal glands revealed the following for both tissues: The pH optimum, in the absence of cofactors, was 5.0. Addition of CoA, ATP, Mg++ and GSH at that pH did not increase the esterification, whereas their addition at pH 6.6 did. Hydrolysis of cholesterol oleate was highest at pH 7.0 or above. Quantitative differences between the tumor and the normal adrenal in vitro reflected differences observed in vivo. Homogenates prepared from the tumor had a lower capacity for hydrolyzing cholesterol oleate and for esterifying free cholesterol than did homogenates of the normal gland. In the tumor, in contrast to the normal adrenal, the predominant form of the endogenous sterol was the free rather than the esterified. This finding, as well as those cited above, suggests that the major of the two described defects in cholesterol metabolism in the tumor is the impairment in capacity to esterify free cholesterol.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"126-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40885496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30084
S I SAID, R K DAVIS, C M BANERJEE
Summary Po2 in right lymph duct of 15 anesthetized dogs averaged the same as in arterial blood (75 ± 18 mm Hg); Po2 in thoracic duct lymph was close to that in mixed-venous blood (34 ± 20 mm Hg). Allowing for admixture of systemic lymph in the right duct, Po2 in lymph from the respiratory portion of the lung must fall between alveolar gas and arterial blood. The marked difference from thoracic duct lymph P02 (p<.001) supports the concept of lymph as a useful measure of Po2 in interstitial fluid and tissues. Use of mixing equations shows that during air breathing respiratory (i.e., gas-exchanging) tissues contributed at least 53% of right duct lymph flow.
{"title":"PULMONARY LYMPH: DEMONSTRATION OF ITS HIGH OXYGEN TENSION RELATIVE TO SYSTEMIC LYMPH.","authors":"S I SAID, R K DAVIS, C M BANERJEE","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30084","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Po2 in right lymph duct of 15 anesthetized dogs averaged the same as in arterial blood (75 ± 18 mm Hg); Po2 in thoracic duct lymph was close to that in mixed-venous blood (34 ± 20 mm Hg). Allowing for admixture of systemic lymph in the right duct, Po2 in lymph from the respiratory portion of the lung must fall between alveolar gas and arterial blood. The marked difference from thoracic duct lymph P02 (p<.001) supports the concept of lymph as a useful measure of Po2 in interstitial fluid and tissues. Use of mixing equations shows that during air breathing respiratory (i.e., gas-exchanging) tissues contributed at least 53% of right duct lymph flow.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"12-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40885497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30119
J FABIANEK, A HERP, A CALICK
Summary Connective tissue permeability was studied in pregnant and non-pregnant (control) rats by measuring the intradermal infusion rate of an Evans blue solution, alone and in combination with ascorbic acid. Dermal connective tissue permeability when tested by this method was not altered by pregnancy.
{"title":"STUDIES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE PERMEABILITY IN PREGNANT RATS.","authors":"J FABIANEK, A HERP, A CALICK","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30119","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Connective tissue permeability was studied in pregnant and non-pregnant (control) rats by measuring the intradermal infusion rate of an Evans blue solution, alone and in combination with ascorbic acid. Dermal connective tissue permeability when tested by this method was not altered by pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"135-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40885500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30097
D GLICK, S HOSODA
Summary Ascorbic acid and the sum of ascorbic, dehydroascorbic and diketogulonic acids in the mast cell fraction (about 92% mast cells) from peritoneal washings of normal rats, and in mouse ascites tumor mast cells (about 98% mast cells), were determined per 106 cells and per μg protein-nitrogen. Ascorbic acid (551 mμg/106 cells) comprised about 87% of the sum of the acids in the normal cells and about 98% (271 mμg/106 cells) of the sum in the tumor cells. The concentrations of ascorbic acid in the normal and tumor cells were 13 and 10 mμg/μxg protein-nitrogen, respectively. The ascorbic acid per 106 cells in the rat macrophage cell fraction (96% macrophages) was 38% of that in the mast cell fraction, while the ascorbic acid per μg protein-nitrogen in the former was 1 1/3 times that in the latter.
{"title":"HISTOCHEMISTRY 78. ASCORBIC ACID IN NORMAL MAST CELLS AND MACROPHAGES AND IN NEOPLASTIC MAST CELLS.","authors":"D GLICK, S HOSODA","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30097","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Ascorbic acid and the sum of ascorbic, dehydroascorbic and diketogulonic acids in the mast cell fraction (about 92% mast cells) from peritoneal washings of normal rats, and in mouse ascites tumor mast cells (about 98% mast cells), were determined per 106 cells and per μg protein-nitrogen. Ascorbic acid (551 mμg/106 cells) comprised about 87% of the sum of the acids in the normal cells and about 98% (271 mμg/106 cells) of the sum in the tumor cells. The concentrations of ascorbic acid in the normal and tumor cells were 13 and 10 mμg/μxg protein-nitrogen, respectively. The ascorbic acid per 106 cells in the rat macrophage cell fraction (96% macrophages) was 38% of that in the mast cell fraction, while the ascorbic acid per μg protein-nitrogen in the former was 1 1/3 times that in the latter.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"52-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30132
R L TYNDALL, J G VIDRINE, E TEETER, A C UPTON, W W HARRIS, M A FINK
Summary Cell cultures grown in modified NCTC 109 medium and infected with the Rauscher leukemia virus showed CPE when subcultured in Eagle's basal medium. Non-infected control cultures treated in a similar manner showed no CPE. The CPE in infected cultures included increased cytoplasmic eosin-ophilia in the form of either eosinophilic granules or inclusion bodies, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and marked variation in the size, shape, and intensity of staining of cell nuclei.
{"title":"CYTOPATHOGENIC EFFECTS IN A CELL CULTURE INFECTED WITH A MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS.","authors":"R L TYNDALL, J G VIDRINE, E TEETER, A C UPTON, W W HARRIS, M A FINK","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30132","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Cell cultures grown in modified NCTC 109 medium and infected with the Rauscher leukemia virus showed CPE when subcultured in Eagle's basal medium. Non-infected control cultures treated in a similar manner showed no CPE. The CPE in infected cultures included increased cytoplasmic eosin-ophilia in the form of either eosinophilic granules or inclusion bodies, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and marked variation in the size, shape, and intensity of staining of cell nuclei.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"186-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30139
C F ABILDGAARD, R P LINK
Summary Coagulation studies, bleeding times, platelet counts and platelet adhesiveness were measured in a group of thoroughbred horses. When compared to normal human values the horse had elevated levels of the prothrombin complex factors and factor IX, equal levels of factor VIII, and low levels of factor XI and factor XII. Exercise did not alter the level of factor VIII. Bleeding time and platelet adhesiveness were comparable to human values, although the horses'platelet counts were relatively low.
{"title":"BLOOD COAGULATION AND HEMOSTASIS IN THOROUGHBRED HORSES.","authors":"C F ABILDGAARD, R P LINK","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30139","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Coagulation studies, bleeding times, platelet counts and platelet adhesiveness were measured in a group of thoroughbred horses. When compared to normal human values the horse had elevated levels of the prothrombin complex factors and factor IX, equal levels of factor VIII, and low levels of factor XI and factor XII. Exercise did not alter the level of factor VIII. Bleeding time and platelet adhesiveness were comparable to human values, although the horses'platelet counts were relatively low.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"212-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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