Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30156
R EMMERS
Although the sectioning of frozen brain tissue is generally regarded as a useful technique for inspecting certain topographic and gross morphologic changes in brains after experimental surgery, several shortcomings of this technique have led many experimental neurologists to utilize more time-consuming methods for preparing their brain specimens. For example, it is widely held that frozen sections stain rather poorly and, while they may be adequate for gross microscopic inspection, they are rarely of such quality as to provide a useful material for photomicrographic illustrations. In experiments which involve the study of various changes of the nerve cell body, the use of celloidin or paraffin embedded material has been regarded as imperative, because some artifacts, such as vacuolation of normal cells, usually observed in frozen material, make interpretations of the results difficult, if not impossible. In this laboratory it has been found, however, that frozen sections can be prepared in such a way that they are of comparable quality to celloidin embedded material in every respect. This involves dehydration of individual sections in various grades of alcohols before they are mounted. Such a dehydration shrinks the brain tissue rather uniformly. Mounting the sections in ethanol-gelatin mixture, although it introduces some hydration, does not cancel the effect of the previous dehydration. This procedure provides for a greater contrast among cells of various nuclear groups and, therefore, the material becomes adequate for a detailed microscopic analysis as well as photographic presentation. Vacuolation of normal cells can be usually avoided by soaking the brain specimen in 20% ethanol overnight before sectioning. The procedure is a rapid one; approximately a 3 1/2-hour period is sufficient for making the first section of a series available for microscopic study.
{"title":"A RAPID PROCEDURE FOR STAINING NISSL GRANULES IN BRAIN TISSUE, TO BE USED FOR PHOTOMICROGRAPHY.","authors":"R EMMERS","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30156","url":null,"abstract":"Although the sectioning of frozen brain tissue is generally regarded as a useful technique for inspecting certain topographic and gross morphologic changes in brains after experimental surgery, several shortcomings of this technique have led many experimental neurologists to utilize more time-consuming methods for preparing their brain specimens. For example, it is widely held that frozen sections stain rather poorly and, while they may be adequate for gross microscopic inspection, they are rarely of such quality as to provide a useful material for photomicrographic illustrations. In experiments which involve the study of various changes of the nerve cell body, the use of celloidin or paraffin embedded material has been regarded as imperative, because some artifacts, such as vacuolation of normal cells, usually observed in frozen material, make interpretations of the results difficult, if not impossible. In this laboratory it has been found, however, that frozen sections can be prepared in such a way that they are of comparable quality to celloidin embedded material in every respect. This involves dehydration of individual sections in various grades of alcohols before they are mounted. Such a dehydration shrinks the brain tissue rather uniformly. Mounting the sections in ethanol-gelatin mixture, although it introduces some hydration, does not cancel the effect of the previous dehydration. This procedure provides for a greater contrast among cells of various nuclear groups and, therefore, the material becomes adequate for a detailed microscopic analysis as well as photographic presentation. Vacuolation of normal cells can be usually avoided by soaking the brain specimen in 20% ethanol overnight before sectioning. The procedure is a rapid one; approximately a 3 1/2-hour period is sufficient for making the first section of a series available for microscopic study.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"271-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30089
L L TUREEN, P M FARRELL, R R COVA
Summary and conclusions 1. Chickens on an antioxidant and sulfuramino acid deficient diet, develop nutritional myopathy. Plasma protein changes, progressively developing during the course of the disease, are characterized by a significant reduction in the albumin fraction, a significant rise in the B globulin fraction and a significant fall in the A/G ratio. 2. Paralyzed chickens of a genetic dystrophic strain fail to show such changes. The plasma protein profile is comparable to that of healthy chickens on a control diet. 3. Genetic dystrophic chickens on an antioxidant and sulfuramino-acid deficient diet grow poorly, develop the most severe degree of paralysis, and have a shorter survival period. The plasma protein profile is characterized by a significant decrease in total protein concentration, although a rather normal plasma protein electrophoretic pattern is maintained. 4. It is concluded that the metabolic defect in genetic dystrophic chickens is one localized to the muscular system, while that in antioxidant and sulfuramino acid deficiency is a generalized one. 5. The significance of the protein changes is briefly discussed.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF PLASMA PROTEIN CHANGES IN ANTIOXIDANT DEFICIENCY MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY AND GENETIC MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY IN THE CHICKEN.","authors":"L L TUREEN, P M FARRELL, R R COVA","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30089","url":null,"abstract":"Summary and conclusions 1. Chickens on an antioxidant and sulfuramino acid deficient diet, develop nutritional myopathy. Plasma protein changes, progressively developing during the course of the disease, are characterized by a significant reduction in the albumin fraction, a significant rise in the B globulin fraction and a significant fall in the A/G ratio. 2. Paralyzed chickens of a genetic dystrophic strain fail to show such changes. The plasma protein profile is comparable to that of healthy chickens on a control diet. 3. Genetic dystrophic chickens on an antioxidant and sulfuramino-acid deficient diet grow poorly, develop the most severe degree of paralysis, and have a shorter survival period. The plasma protein profile is characterized by a significant decrease in total protein concentration, although a rather normal plasma protein electrophoretic pattern is maintained. 4. It is concluded that the metabolic defect in genetic dystrophic chickens is one localized to the muscular system, while that in antioxidant and sulfuramino acid deficiency is a generalized one. 5. The significance of the protein changes is briefly discussed.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"28-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30161
E S MURRAY, J M O'CONNOR, J A GAON
Summary The CF test can be modified so as to permit the differentiation of 19S and 7S antibodies in primary and secondary typhus infections. The 19S CF antibodies are markedly inhibited by the sulfhydryl compound ethanethiol and to a lesser degree by 60° C inactivation of the sera, The 7S CF antibodies are not inhibited by either of these procedures. The technic described may have application to the clinical and epidemiological investigation of other infectious diseases and may prove useful as a tool in studies of the immune globulins.
{"title":"DIFFERENTIATION OF 19S AND 7S COMPLEMENT FIXING ANTIBODIES IN PRIMARY VERSUS RECRUDESCENT TYPHUS BY EITHER ETHANETHIOL OR HEAT.","authors":"E S MURRAY, J M O'CONNOR, J A GAON","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30161","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The CF test can be modified so as to permit the differentiation of 19S and 7S antibodies in primary and secondary typhus infections. The 19S CF antibodies are markedly inhibited by the sulfhydryl compound ethanethiol and to a lesser degree by 60° C inactivation of the sera, The 7S CF antibodies are not inhibited by either of these procedures. The technic described may have application to the clinical and epidemiological investigation of other infectious diseases and may prove useful as a tool in studies of the immune globulins.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"291-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30131
R E NEUMAN, A A TYTELL
Summary Chicken RBC's in the presence of calcium ion or after treatment with metaperiodate were absorbed by cultured primary and stable line monkey kidney cells and to a lesser extent by rabbit kidney cells. An extensive variety of other primary or stable cell lines of human or animal origin did not adsorb the cells. Treatment of responsive cells with crystallized trypsin or chymotrypsin inhibited the hemadsorption. Apparently the anomalous hemadsorption was unrelated to viral infection. The morphology of attachment varied with cell strain. BSC-1 cells which displayed few cytoplasmic projections adsorbed RBC's through extensive contact in contrast to adsorption by MK-2 cells by microvillae which characterized the surface of these cells.
{"title":"ANOMALOUS HEMADSORPTION BY CELL CULTURES.","authors":"R E NEUMAN, A A TYTELL","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30131","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Chicken RBC's in the presence of calcium ion or after treatment with metaperiodate were absorbed by cultured primary and stable line monkey kidney cells and to a lesser extent by rabbit kidney cells. An extensive variety of other primary or stable cell lines of human or animal origin did not adsorb the cells. Treatment of responsive cells with crystallized trypsin or chymotrypsin inhibited the hemadsorption. Apparently the anomalous hemadsorption was unrelated to viral infection. The morphology of attachment varied with cell strain. BSC-1 cells which displayed few cytoplasmic projections adsorbed RBC's through extensive contact in contrast to adsorption by MK-2 cells by microvillae which characterized the surface of these cells.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"180-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30081
R A WINER, T X BARBER, H H CHAUNCEY
Summary Two gustatory stimuli, water and citric acid, were presented sequentially to 16 subjects with and without direct verbal suggestions that water was sour and that citric acid was tasteless. Half of the subjects had been previously rated as “highly suggestible” and half as relatively “non-suggestible” according to a standardized suggestibility scale. The results showed that: (1) there was no significant variation in parotid secretion rates when the same stimulus was repeated during a single experimental session; (2) direct verbal suggestion significantly altered parotid gland secretion rates in both the “highly suggestible” and the relatively “non-suggestible” subjects.
{"title":"FURTHER STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF VERBAL SUGGESTION ON THE PAROTID GLAND RESPONSE TO GUSTATORY STIMULI.","authors":"R A WINER, T X BARBER, H H CHAUNCEY","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30081","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Two gustatory stimuli, water and citric acid, were presented sequentially to 16 subjects with and without direct verbal suggestions that water was sour and that citric acid was tasteless. Half of the subjects had been previously rated as “highly suggestible” and half as relatively “non-suggestible” according to a standardized suggestibility scale. The results showed that: (1) there was no significant variation in parotid secretion rates when the same stimulus was repeated during a single experimental session; (2) direct verbal suggestion significantly altered parotid gland secretion rates in both the “highly suggestible” and the relatively “non-suggestible” subjects.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30112
J A RUDBACH, E RIBI, K C MILNER
Summary The pyrogenicity of endotoxin which had been diminished by incubation with papain was restored by treatment of the inactive complex with pronase and ethanol, indicating that a hydrolytic cleavage of the endotoxin molecule had not occurred. In addition, it was shown that the reduction of the second fever peak in papain-inactivated endotoxin could be explained on the basis of a normal dose-response phenomenon. These findings suggest that there is no disagreement between the inactivation of a purified endotoxin by papain and the observed correlation of the biological activity of endotoxin with the polysaccharide portion of the molecule.
{"title":"REACTIVATION OF PAPAIN-TREATED ENDOTOXIN.","authors":"J A RUDBACH, E RIBI, K C MILNER","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30112","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The pyrogenicity of endotoxin which had been diminished by incubation with papain was restored by treatment of the inactive complex with pronase and ethanol, indicating that a hydrolytic cleavage of the endotoxin molecule had not occurred. In addition, it was shown that the reduction of the second fever peak in papain-inactivated endotoxin could be explained on the basis of a normal dose-response phenomenon. These findings suggest that there is no disagreement between the inactivation of a purified endotoxin by papain and the observed correlation of the biological activity of endotoxin with the polysaccharide portion of the molecule.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"115-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40885493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30125
E A MORTIMER
Summary Mice, inoculated intraperitoneally with lethal doses of group A streptococci, yielded L forms as well as streptococci from peritoneal exudate and heart blood at death. These L forms propagated readily and were recovered on penicillin-free medium after separation from the streptococci by differential filtration. They were shown to be derived from the original streptococcus, and usually appeared in mice inoculated with streptococci of relatively low virulence.
{"title":"PRODUCTION OF L FORMS OF GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI IN MICE.","authors":"E A MORTIMER","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30125","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Mice, inoculated intraperitoneally with lethal doses of group A streptococci, yielded L forms as well as streptococci from peritoneal exudate and heart blood at death. These L forms propagated readily and were recovered on penicillin-free medium after separation from the streptococci by differential filtration. They were shown to be derived from the original streptococcus, and usually appeared in mice inoculated with streptococci of relatively low virulence.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"159-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40885507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COMPARISON OF 95-ZR AND 95-NB DISTRIBUTIONS IN MATERNAL AND FETAL RABBIT TISSUES.","authors":"N S MACDONALD, R HAMEL, M HEPLER, E JAMES","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"148-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40885503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30154
D L COLEMAN, K SCHLESINGER
Summary Mice of inbred strains DBA/2J, P/J, BDP/J, C57BL/6J, and F1 hybrid B6D2F1 (C57BL/6J × DBA/2J) mice were maintained on diets containing either 0, 10, or 30 mg of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) per kg of diet. Animals were placed on these diets when 3 to 4 weeks old and maintained on the diets for 7 weeks. Susceptibility to audiogenic seizures was determined 3, 5, and 7 weeks after the mice had been put on these respective dietary regimens. Mice of the dilute strain (homozygous d/d), i.e., strains DBA/2J, BDP/J, and P/J were found to be more susceptible to audiogenic seizures in the pyridoxine deficient state. Body weights were also recorded every 3 to 4 days. Dilute strains (DBA/2J, BDP/J and P/J) and the hybrid B6D2F1 showed smaller increments in body weights on the pyridoxine deficient diets than did C57BL/6J mice.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF PYRIDOXINE DEFICIENCY ON AUDIOGENIC SEIZURE SUSCEPTIBILITY IN INBRED MICE.","authors":"D L COLEMAN, K SCHLESINGER","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30154","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Mice of inbred strains DBA/2J, P/J, BDP/J, C57BL/6J, and F1 hybrid B6D2F1 (C57BL/6J × DBA/2J) mice were maintained on diets containing either 0, 10, or 30 mg of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) per kg of diet. Animals were placed on these diets when 3 to 4 weeks old and maintained on the diets for 7 weeks. Susceptibility to audiogenic seizures was determined 3, 5, and 7 weeks after the mice had been put on these respective dietary regimens. Mice of the dilute strain (homozygous d/d), i.e., strains DBA/2J, BDP/J, and P/J were found to be more susceptible to audiogenic seizures in the pyridoxine deficient state. Body weights were also recorded every 3 to 4 days. Dilute strains (DBA/2J, BDP/J and P/J) and the hybrid B6D2F1 showed smaller increments in body weights on the pyridoxine deficient diets than did C57BL/6J mice.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"264-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1965-05-01DOI: 10.3181/00379727-119-30098
F ALLISON, M G LANCASTER
Summary A detailed analysis of conditions that prevailed within an in vitro system used for the study of the phagocytosis and adhesiveness of human polymorphonuclear neutrophilic granulocytes emphasized the critical role exerted by osmolality and hydrogen ion concentration on the test system. It was found that neither proteolytic enzyme antagonists such as epsilon amino caproic acid nor metabolic antagonists such as dinitrophenol interfered with leucocytic function when used in sub toxic concentrations. The membrane alteration responsible for phagocytosis and clumping has yet to be described although evidence suggests it to be enzymatically controlled.
{"title":"PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTE INFLAMMATION. VI. INFLUENCE OF OSMOLARITY AND CERTAIN METABOLIC ANTAGONISTS UPON PHAGOCYTOSIS AND ADHESIVENESS BY LEUCOCYTES RECOVERED FROM MAN.","authors":"F ALLISON, M G LANCASTER","doi":"10.3181/00379727-119-30098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-119-30098","url":null,"abstract":"Summary A detailed analysis of conditions that prevailed within an in vitro system used for the study of the phagocytosis and adhesiveness of human polymorphonuclear neutrophilic granulocytes emphasized the critical role exerted by osmolality and hydrogen ion concentration on the test system. It was found that neither proteolytic enzyme antagonists such as epsilon amino caproic acid nor metabolic antagonists such as dinitrophenol interfered with leucocytic function when used in sub toxic concentrations. The membrane alteration responsible for phagocytosis and clumping has yet to be described although evidence suggests it to be enzymatically controlled.","PeriodicalId":20675,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"56-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1965-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3181/00379727-119-30098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40796575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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