Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439639
Le Xie, Marija Ilic
In this paper we present a module-based modeling of electricity infrastructure with special emphasis on the wind energy integration. Each (group of) wind generator(s) is defined as a module and is represented in terms of its local variables and the interconnection variables between the module and the system network. Therefore, it is possible to specify the performance sub-objectives of each module for a given range of variations in interaction variables and to ensure that the local sub-objectives are met through local sensing and actuation. This approach, compared with the present off-line worst-case specification for wind farm integration, provides a systematic means of analyzing the infrastructure dynamics with increasing penetration of wind energy. An interactive cyber-based protocol between the wind farm and the grid could be implemented for operating the system with pre-specified performance. Sufficient conditions on network properties are derived under which this interactive protocol between the transmission networks and the modules converges to a system-wide stable operation. An example is shown to demonstrate the integration of wind farm into the existing system with pre-specified stability performance.
{"title":"A module-based approach to integrating wind power for guaranteed power system stability","authors":"Le Xie, Marija Ilic","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439639","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a module-based modeling of electricity infrastructure with special emphasis on the wind energy integration. Each (group of) wind generator(s) is defined as a module and is represented in terms of its local variables and the interconnection variables between the module and the system network. Therefore, it is possible to specify the performance sub-objectives of each module for a given range of variations in interaction variables and to ensure that the local sub-objectives are met through local sensing and actuation. This approach, compared with the present off-line worst-case specification for wind farm integration, provides a systematic means of analyzing the infrastructure dynamics with increasing penetration of wind energy. An interactive cyber-based protocol between the wind farm and the grid could be implemented for operating the system with pre-specified performance. Sufficient conditions on network properties are derived under which this interactive protocol between the transmission networks and the modules converges to a system-wide stable operation. An example is shown to demonstrate the integration of wind farm into the existing system with pre-specified stability performance.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132845647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439600
A. Domanski
This paper assesses the deregulation and liberalization movement of the water sector in the European Union. It presents three different models as illustrated by three different countries: full privatization in England & Wales, PPPs in France, and public corporatization in Germany. For each of these distinct reform models the drivers and impediments are analyzed.
{"title":"Deregulation of the water sector in the European Union — A preliminary survey","authors":"A. Domanski","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439600","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the deregulation and liberalization movement of the water sector in the European Union. It presents three different models as illustrated by three different countries: full privatization in England & Wales, PPPs in France, and public corporatization in Germany. For each of these distinct reform models the drivers and impediments are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123039056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439582
P. H. Longstaff
This paper argues that since many modern networked industries have begun to exhibit the attributes of complex adaptive systems, and therefore they must learn to operate under conditions of high uncertainty. In environments with high uncertainty strategies for resilience allow for recovery from ¿surprises.¿ The attributes of resilient systems are helpful in planning for the security of these critical infrastructures and for the management and regulation of these industries.
{"title":"Managing and regulating networked industries for sustainability and resileince","authors":"P. H. Longstaff","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439582","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that since many modern networked industries have begun to exhibit the attributes of complex adaptive systems, and therefore they must learn to operate under conditions of high uncertainty. In environments with high uncertainty strategies for resilience allow for recovery from ¿surprises.¿ The attributes of resilient systems are helpful in planning for the security of these critical infrastructures and for the management and regulation of these industries.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125322284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439587
P. Hartley, K. Medlock
We analyze the options available for Bolivia with regard to the exploitation of its natural gas resource base. While much of the commercial focus to date has been on developing delivery infrastructure and marketing supply to Brazil and Argentina, other options are available. In particular, producing and selling electricity to its neighbors may be especially attractive since there are also vast untapped hydroelectric resources in Bolivia that could complement such use for its natural gas.
{"title":"Exploiting Bolivia's natural gas resources","authors":"P. Hartley, K. Medlock","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439587","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the options available for Bolivia with regard to the exploitation of its natural gas resource base. While much of the commercial focus to date has been on developing delivery infrastructure and marketing supply to Brazil and Argentina, other options are available. In particular, producing and selling electricity to its neighbors may be especially attractive since there are also vast untapped hydroelectric resources in Bolivia that could complement such use for its natural gas.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117106675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439627
Y. Wijnia, J.C.F.M. Peters
In the western society awareness is growing that care for the environment is a key value. A large part of the attention to the environment is given to the emissions of the greenhouse gas CO2 and the closely correlated energy consumption. Being a energy distribution company and therefore playing a vital role in the energy consumption Essent Netwerk felt a special responsibility in being in the lead and facilitating a more sustainable energy consumption. However, as the grid is a very large energy consumer itself (grid losses), such a leading role could not be achieved without giving the right example. Sustainability should be integrated into everyday decision making. Essent Netwerk decided to adopt a slightly enhanced version of the ecological footprint to accommodate resource depletion and applied it to the end products it uses. The first studies show that the chosen method and the resulting values are precisely right to alter decision making in favor of the sustainable option.
{"title":"Integrating sustainability into risk based asset management","authors":"Y. Wijnia, J.C.F.M. Peters","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439627","url":null,"abstract":"In the western society awareness is growing that care for the environment is a key value. A large part of the attention to the environment is given to the emissions of the greenhouse gas CO2 and the closely correlated energy consumption. Being a energy distribution company and therefore playing a vital role in the energy consumption Essent Netwerk felt a special responsibility in being in the lead and facilitating a more sustainable energy consumption. However, as the grid is a very large energy consumer itself (grid losses), such a leading role could not be achieved without giving the right example. Sustainability should be integrated into everyday decision making. Essent Netwerk decided to adopt a slightly enhanced version of the ecological footprint to accommodate resource depletion and applied it to the end products it uses. The first studies show that the chosen method and the resulting values are precisely right to alter decision making in favor of the sustainable option.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128904856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439679
J. Farla, F. Alkemade, R. Suurs
The transition toward a more sustainable transportation system in the Netherlands takes place in the context of the Dutch ¿Transition management policy framework¿. Transition paths related to mobility within this framework are: (1) hybridization of vehicles, (2) biofuels and natural gas as transportation fuels, (3) hydrogen as a transportation fuel and (4) `intelligent transportation systems'. Early 2008, the authors conducted an assessment of the technology-specific innovation systems of all the transition paths mentioned above. The main outcome of this analysis was the identification of barriers that are currently blocking these paths toward sustainable mobility. The aim of this paper is to further analyze these barriers and provide a classification of the barriers. Such insights are useful for policymakers aiming to further advance the transition toward a more sustainable transportation system.
{"title":"The transition toward sustainable mobility in the Netherlands: Analysis of policy initiatives, barriers and risks","authors":"J. Farla, F. Alkemade, R. Suurs","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439679","url":null,"abstract":"The transition toward a more sustainable transportation system in the Netherlands takes place in the context of the Dutch ¿Transition management policy framework¿. Transition paths related to mobility within this framework are: (1) hybridization of vehicles, (2) biofuels and natural gas as transportation fuels, (3) hydrogen as a transportation fuel and (4) `intelligent transportation systems'. Early 2008, the authors conducted an assessment of the technology-specific innovation systems of all the transition paths mentioned above. The main outcome of this analysis was the identification of barriers that are currently blocking these paths toward sustainable mobility. The aim of this paper is to further analyze these barriers and provide a classification of the barriers. Such insights are useful for policymakers aiming to further advance the transition toward a more sustainable transportation system.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"388 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123092412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439609
Huiting Zhang, C. Wong, A. Adhitya, R. Srinivasan
The study of supply chains is important because manufacturing industries face an increasingly complex, global, and competitive environment. As present-day supply chains involve numerous heterogeneous entities with different roles and dynamics, managing them is not straightforward. Hence, a simulation model can serve as a valuable quantitative tool that aids in decision-making. In this paper, we present an agent-based model of a global specialty chemicals supply chain. The model explicitly considers the various supply chain entities: upstream raw material suppliers, downstream customers as well as the internal entities of the specialty chemicals company. These internal entities include a centralized sales department and a number of production sites located at different regions in the world. Each production site has its own procurement, scheduling, storage, operations, and packaging departments. Each of these entities is represented by an agent, each with its own goals and tasks, following the belief-desire-intention formalism. The model has been implemented in Jadex and simulates various supply chain activities such as raw material procurement, order assignment, job scheduling, storage, and production. It allows the user to simulate and analyze different supply chain policies, configurations, and uncertainties. This paper describes the model and illustrates its capabilities for decision support.
{"title":"Agent-based simulation of a specialty chemicals supply chain","authors":"Huiting Zhang, C. Wong, A. Adhitya, R. Srinivasan","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439609","url":null,"abstract":"The study of supply chains is important because manufacturing industries face an increasingly complex, global, and competitive environment. As present-day supply chains involve numerous heterogeneous entities with different roles and dynamics, managing them is not straightforward. Hence, a simulation model can serve as a valuable quantitative tool that aids in decision-making. In this paper, we present an agent-based model of a global specialty chemicals supply chain. The model explicitly considers the various supply chain entities: upstream raw material suppliers, downstream customers as well as the internal entities of the specialty chemicals company. These internal entities include a centralized sales department and a number of production sites located at different regions in the world. Each production site has its own procurement, scheduling, storage, operations, and packaging departments. Each of these entities is represented by an agent, each with its own goals and tasks, following the belief-desire-intention formalism. The model has been implemented in Jadex and simulates various supply chain activities such as raw material procurement, order assignment, job scheduling, storage, and production. It allows the user to simulate and analyze different supply chain policies, configurations, and uncertainties. This paper describes the model and illustrates its capabilities for decision support.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116543533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439675
P. Heijnen, I. Bouwmans
In the current design of the electricity sector in the Netherlands, network operators daily receive data from measurement companies about the electricity consumption of their customers for each quarter of an hour. The network operator sorts the data per combination of Program Responsible Party (PRP) and network district region and sends the allocated data to the PRPs. The measurement series sometimes appear to contain errors. These errors need to be corrected in a short time. To avoid forwarding wrong data to the PRPs, the network operator would like to check the data on errors before they are sent. This paper shows that the electricity consumption can easily be predicted because the first-order autocorrelation of the data is very high. A simple prediction method is compared with the use of exponential smoothing models which give only slightly better results at best, but are much more complex to use.
{"title":"Supporting the electricity network operator in the allocation process","authors":"P. Heijnen, I. Bouwmans","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439675","url":null,"abstract":"In the current design of the electricity sector in the Netherlands, network operators daily receive data from measurement companies about the electricity consumption of their customers for each quarter of an hour. The network operator sorts the data per combination of Program Responsible Party (PRP) and network district region and sends the allocated data to the PRPs. The measurement series sometimes appear to contain errors. These errors need to be corrected in a short time. To avoid forwarding wrong data to the PRPs, the network operator would like to check the data on errors before they are sent. This paper shows that the electricity consumption can easily be predicted because the first-order autocorrelation of the data is very high. A simple prediction method is compared with the use of exponential smoothing models which give only slightly better results at best, but are much more complex to use.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132461081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439578
R. Stikkelman, S. Castro, A. Correljé, G. Dijkema, P. Herder
Large scale energy conversion processes, like refineries and power plant are often located in a harbor industrial cluster. They heavily rely upon a single type of energy carrier and thus are vulnerable to price and availability variations. In the article we introduce the multi-fuel syngas infrastructure. It comprises fuel flexible gasifiers, a gas distribution network and syngas conversion processes. At a fuel input rate of hundreds of petajoules it can convert the optimal mix of natural gas, oil, coal, biomass and residues simultaneously to the required product portfolio. The freedom to pick the cheapest energy source at any time results in a balanced and relative low syngas price. Due to the feedstock flexibility annual gross revenues can be expected - in the range of 1-10 billion dollars for world-scale clusters. A multi-fuel syngas infrastructure thus will significantly contribute to the growth, strength and continuity of seaport regions.
{"title":"Multi-fuel syngas infrastructures in seaports","authors":"R. Stikkelman, S. Castro, A. Correljé, G. Dijkema, P. Herder","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439578","url":null,"abstract":"Large scale energy conversion processes, like refineries and power plant are often located in a harbor industrial cluster. They heavily rely upon a single type of energy carrier and thus are vulnerable to price and availability variations. In the article we introduce the multi-fuel syngas infrastructure. It comprises fuel flexible gasifiers, a gas distribution network and syngas conversion processes. At a fuel input rate of hundreds of petajoules it can convert the optimal mix of natural gas, oil, coal, biomass and residues simultaneously to the required product portfolio. The freedom to pick the cheapest energy source at any time results in a balanced and relative low syngas price. Due to the feedstock flexibility annual gross revenues can be expected - in the range of 1-10 billion dollars for world-scale clusters. A multi-fuel syngas infrastructure thus will significantly contribute to the growth, strength and continuity of seaport regions.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"23 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132476162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439657
Reg Brennenraedts, Sven Maltha
Since 2000, many different fibre initiatives for the business market have been set up in the Netherlands. Demand aggregation often played a vast role in these initiatives. In our research we conducted one broad study and twenty in-depth case studies of these initiatives. It shows that the initiatives can be taxonomized in four categories. (1) Local demand aggregation focuses on a broad set of customers in a single city. (2) Regional demand aggregation tries to connect several local initiatives and / or perform a new demand aggregation in a region. (3) Sectoral demand aggregation is targeted at a single well-organized sector (e.g. education, healthcare). Finally, (4) application demand aggregation establishes a fibre optic network for a specific application. When examining demand aggregation, major differences are found between the customer owned and the carrier owned models. The first give end users more control over the networks, but tend to have higher prices and very long contract durations. The challenge for the future is to realize an interconnected set of broadband networks with a national scale and a broad scope.
{"title":"Demand aggregation for fibre optical networks in the business market: A case study of the Netherlands","authors":"Reg Brennenraedts, Sven Maltha","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439657","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2000, many different fibre initiatives for the business market have been set up in the Netherlands. Demand aggregation often played a vast role in these initiatives. In our research we conducted one broad study and twenty in-depth case studies of these initiatives. It shows that the initiatives can be taxonomized in four categories. (1) Local demand aggregation focuses on a broad set of customers in a single city. (2) Regional demand aggregation tries to connect several local initiatives and / or perform a new demand aggregation in a region. (3) Sectoral demand aggregation is targeted at a single well-organized sector (e.g. education, healthcare). Finally, (4) application demand aggregation establishes a fibre optic network for a specific application. When examining demand aggregation, major differences are found between the customer owned and the carrier owned models. The first give end users more control over the networks, but tend to have higher prices and very long contract durations. The challenge for the future is to realize an interconnected set of broadband networks with a national scale and a broad scope.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130275477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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