Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439608
F. Abdallah
Electricity, telecommunication, and postal networks are networked systems. It is inherent in the structure of networked systems that many network components are required for the provision of a typical service. Under the effect of new institutional developments, such as globalization and liberalization, these components are owned by different firms. Therefore, the question of compatibility and interconnection among network components has become of paramount importance. This paper is built on a case study of the so-called International Postal System (IPS). The case analysis will focus on how firms collaborate through voluntary standard setting committees, and why such collaboration is significant in these networks. Rival firms collaborate in standard setting committees, in which they can exchange valuable knowledge about new technologies. This collaborative strategy allows them to align positions on technical options, improve their network's public value, and enhance their efficiency and innovativeness.
{"title":"Collaboration in international standardization committees: A case analysis from the postal sector","authors":"F. Abdallah","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439608","url":null,"abstract":"Electricity, telecommunication, and postal networks are networked systems. It is inherent in the structure of networked systems that many network components are required for the provision of a typical service. Under the effect of new institutional developments, such as globalization and liberalization, these components are owned by different firms. Therefore, the question of compatibility and interconnection among network components has become of paramount importance. This paper is built on a case study of the so-called International Postal System (IPS). The case analysis will focus on how firms collaborate through voluntary standard setting committees, and why such collaboration is significant in these networks. Rival firms collaborate in standard setting committees, in which they can exchange valuable knowledge about new technologies. This collaborative strategy allows them to align positions on technical options, improve their network's public value, and enhance their efficiency and innovativeness.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130184924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439620
C. Pieterse
Energy transitions can have huge geopolitical consequences and geopolitics influences transitions. Geopolitics in the context of a hydrogen transition is not researched as of yet and the purpose of this paper is to construct a framework for analyzing this issue. The framework uses economic geography, political geography and political economy with institutional economics as binding theory.
{"title":"Geopolitics of new energy systems: A framework for studying transitions in international energy infrastructures","authors":"C. Pieterse","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439620","url":null,"abstract":"Energy transitions can have huge geopolitical consequences and geopolitics influences transitions. Geopolitics in the context of a hydrogen transition is not researched as of yet and the purpose of this paper is to construct a framework for analyzing this issue. The framework uses economic geography, political geography and political economy with institutional economics as binding theory.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131513635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439634
E. Bompard, M. Masera, R. Napoli, F. Xue
The vulnerability of critical infrastructures has become a key-concern in recent years. The faults (in particular as consequences of malicious attacks) may be both ¿physical¿, regarding system components, and ¿cyber¿, regarding information/communication system. Simultaneous attacks to different components, both physical and cyber, may be possible. In this context the identification and rank of the critical information of a given interconnected power system is of the utmost importance. In this paper we propose a game model, based on the socially rational multi-agent system and fictitious play characteristics, that can be used to represent the post-fault decision-making process of interconnected system operators (SO) by integrating the physical model and impact of information. The model allows for the ranking of the critical information and for the determination of network re-enforcements to reduce the impacts of critical information. The proposed model and methods are applied to a 34-buses test system for illustrative purposes.
{"title":"Critical information in coordinating defense of interconnected power systems","authors":"E. Bompard, M. Masera, R. Napoli, F. Xue","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439634","url":null,"abstract":"The vulnerability of critical infrastructures has become a key-concern in recent years. The faults (in particular as consequences of malicious attacks) may be both ¿physical¿, regarding system components, and ¿cyber¿, regarding information/communication system. Simultaneous attacks to different components, both physical and cyber, may be possible. In this context the identification and rank of the critical information of a given interconnected power system is of the utmost importance. In this paper we propose a game model, based on the socially rational multi-agent system and fictitious play characteristics, that can be used to represent the post-fault decision-making process of interconnected system operators (SO) by integrating the physical model and impact of information. The model allows for the ranking of the critical information and for the determination of network re-enforcements to reduce the impacts of critical information. The proposed model and methods are applied to a 34-buses test system for illustrative purposes.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131721951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439690
Hugo Priemus
The decision-making on mega-projects suffers from many problems. The issues of cost overruns and disappointing achievements are well documented. Because of the long periods between initiative and start of operation many uncertainties occur. Very often unexpected developments take place, as a result of market dynamics and political discontinuity. This paper gives an overview of different forms of market dynamics and different forms of political discontinuity (sometimes these are interrelated). We analyse these forms and try to find out how project managers could handle these kinds of pitfalls. The paper aims to contribute to theories of decision-making on mega-projects and proposes recommendations for those involved in the decision-making process of mega-projects.
{"title":"Decision-making on mega-projects: Drifting on market dynamics and political discontinuity","authors":"Hugo Priemus","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439690","url":null,"abstract":"The decision-making on mega-projects suffers from many problems. The issues of cost overruns and disappointing achievements are well documented. Because of the long periods between initiative and start of operation many uncertainties occur. Very often unexpected developments take place, as a result of market dynamics and political discontinuity. This paper gives an overview of different forms of market dynamics and different forms of political discontinuity (sometimes these are interrelated). We analyse these forms and try to find out how project managers could handle these kinds of pitfalls. The paper aims to contribute to theories of decision-making on mega-projects and proposes recommendations for those involved in the decision-making process of mega-projects.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133613543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439678
R. Van Katwijk, B. de Schutter, J. Hellendoorn, Multi-Agent Coordi
As more and more traffic control instruments are installed to promote the flow in road traffic networks the probability increases that either conflicts will arise or coordination opportunities are lost when traffic control instruments are applied in the same area. By modeling the separate instruments as intelligent agents, the actions of the individual instruments can be coordinated. This paper illustrates the benefits of multi-agent coordination and proposes a procedure through which coordination between traffic control instruments can be achieved.
{"title":"Multi-agent coordination of traffic control instruments","authors":"R. Van Katwijk, B. de Schutter, J. Hellendoorn, Multi-Agent Coordi","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439678","url":null,"abstract":"As more and more traffic control instruments are installed to promote the flow in road traffic networks the probability increases that either conflicts will arise or coordination opportunities are lost when traffic control instruments are applied in the same area. By modeling the separate instruments as intelligent agents, the actions of the individual instruments can be coordinated. This paper illustrates the benefits of multi-agent coordination and proposes a procedure through which coordination between traffic control instruments can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133706726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439663
Yong Sun, Lin Ma, C. Fidge
The economizer is a critical component in coal fired power stations. An optimal renewal strategy is needed for minimizing the lifetime cost of this component. Here we present an effective optimization approach which considers economizer tubing failure probabilities, repair and renewal costs, potential production losses, and fluctuations in electricity market prices.
{"title":"Optimization of economizer tubing system renewal decisions","authors":"Yong Sun, Lin Ma, C. Fidge","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439663","url":null,"abstract":"The economizer is a critical component in coal fired power stations. An optimal renewal strategy is needed for minimizing the lifetime cost of this component. Here we present an effective optimization approach which considers economizer tubing failure probabilities, repair and renewal costs, potential production losses, and fluctuations in electricity market prices.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":" 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113952063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439619
J. Poort, J. Hoo
Flexibility is one of the key aspects of the Zuidas project, a major construction project for office and housing space in the Amsterdam region. Real option analysis was used to estimate the value created by two specific kinds of flexibility: the option to postpone the construction of office space after certain preparations have been made, and the option to turn housing space into office space after a certain time.
{"title":"Assessing the value of flexibility in the Dutch office sector using real option analysis","authors":"J. Poort, J. Hoo","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439619","url":null,"abstract":"Flexibility is one of the key aspects of the Zuidas project, a major construction project for office and housing space in the Amsterdam region. Real option analysis was used to estimate the value created by two specific kinds of flexibility: the option to postpone the construction of office space after certain preparations have been made, and the option to turn housing space into office space after a certain time.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128236701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439586
M. de Reuver, H. Bouwman
As mobile infrastructures of 3G and beyond are evolving rapidly, the next generation of mobile Internet services is on its way. Developing and commercializing these mobile Internet services requires a broad set of resources and capabilities ranging from the basic telecommunication network to specific applications, user data and interesting content. As operators, content providers and application developers do not possess all these resources themselves, they need to act collectively in complex value networks. This paper assesses what resource dependencies are most critical in mobile Internet services value networks, and how the level of perceived dependency differs among the various types of actors in the mobile domain, i.e. operators, application providers, content providers, and consultancies. We do so by applying resource dependence theory on the mobile Internet services domain, and by analyzing the results of a survey among 97 practitioners and experts. The results of a confirmatory factor analysis using Amos 7.0 confirm our proposition that resource dependencies can be clustered in those related to access to the network; access to the customer; access to content; and access to applications. Moreover, we found that the level of perceived dependency is significantly different among the actor types. Our results provide a basis for further research on resource dependencies in mobile value networks, as well as guidance for actors in the field on what dependencies to take into account when developing innovative business models and services.
{"title":"Resource dependencies in mobile services value networks","authors":"M. de Reuver, H. Bouwman","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439586","url":null,"abstract":"As mobile infrastructures of 3G and beyond are evolving rapidly, the next generation of mobile Internet services is on its way. Developing and commercializing these mobile Internet services requires a broad set of resources and capabilities ranging from the basic telecommunication network to specific applications, user data and interesting content. As operators, content providers and application developers do not possess all these resources themselves, they need to act collectively in complex value networks. This paper assesses what resource dependencies are most critical in mobile Internet services value networks, and how the level of perceived dependency differs among the various types of actors in the mobile domain, i.e. operators, application providers, content providers, and consultancies. We do so by applying resource dependence theory on the mobile Internet services domain, and by analyzing the results of a survey among 97 practitioners and experts. The results of a confirmatory factor analysis using Amos 7.0 confirm our proposition that resource dependencies can be clustered in those related to access to the network; access to the customer; access to content; and access to applications. Moreover, we found that the level of perceived dependency is significantly different among the actor types. Our results provide a basis for further research on resource dependencies in mobile value networks, as well as guidance for actors in the field on what dependencies to take into account when developing innovative business models and services.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131040469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439691
G. Papaefthymiou, M. Houwing, M. Weijnen, L. van der Sluis
Distributed Generation (DG) is generally considered as an alternative to bulk power transport. The basic idea is that the presence of electricity generation inside the distribution systems leads to a reduction of the local electricity needs, which consequently leads to a reduced need for power transmission capacity and thus a deferral of investments in transmission lines. However, due to the different operational characteristics of the plethora of types of distributed generation, this hypothesis may prove invalid. Controllable distributed generation, defined as local generation of which the power output can be regulated by the system operator (e.g. stand-alone gas-fired combustion units) will certainly have a positive impact on this direction. However, in reality different types of DG technologies could de implemented in the distribution systems, such as partially or stringently controlled micro-combined heat and power (micro-CHP) units operating according to different local control modes (e.g. thermal-led control) or non-controllable (stochastic) DG units, such as wind power plants. The operation of such units may lead to an opposite effect regarding the necessary transmission capacity. In this paper we first define four types of DG regarding their level of controllability. We then look into the effect on the transmission system of both stringently-controlled DG (i.e. micro-CHP) and stochastic DG (i.e. wind turbines). It is shown that micro-CHP systems may have a positive effect to the dimensioning of the transmission system, while the presence of wind power plants may instead lead to increased investment needs in power transport capacity.
{"title":"Distributed generation vs bulk power transmission","authors":"G. Papaefthymiou, M. Houwing, M. Weijnen, L. van der Sluis","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439691","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed Generation (DG) is generally considered as an alternative to bulk power transport. The basic idea is that the presence of electricity generation inside the distribution systems leads to a reduction of the local electricity needs, which consequently leads to a reduced need for power transmission capacity and thus a deferral of investments in transmission lines. However, due to the different operational characteristics of the plethora of types of distributed generation, this hypothesis may prove invalid. Controllable distributed generation, defined as local generation of which the power output can be regulated by the system operator (e.g. stand-alone gas-fired combustion units) will certainly have a positive impact on this direction. However, in reality different types of DG technologies could de implemented in the distribution systems, such as partially or stringently controlled micro-combined heat and power (micro-CHP) units operating according to different local control modes (e.g. thermal-led control) or non-controllable (stochastic) DG units, such as wind power plants. The operation of such units may lead to an opposite effect regarding the necessary transmission capacity. In this paper we first define four types of DG regarding their level of controllability. We then look into the effect on the transmission system of both stringently-controlled DG (i.e. micro-CHP) and stochastic DG (i.e. wind turbines). It is shown that micro-CHP systems may have a positive effect to the dimensioning of the transmission system, while the presence of wind power plants may instead lead to increased investment needs in power transport capacity.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116929406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-11-01DOI: 10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439637
A. Patil, Kerry Brown
Cities around the world have set ambitious emissions reduction targets. They are promoting public transport in order to reduce urban pollution from the transportation sector. Cleaner and less polluting city transit buses are paramount if cities are to attain their ambitious emissions reduction targets, as transit buses are high usage vehicles that operate in heavily congested areas where air quality improvements and reductions in public exposure to harmful air contaminants are critical. Decision to invest in a new bus is based on the cost, technology and emission standards. Frequent changes in the emission standards and evolution of bus technology adds to the uncertainty in decision making. A bus has a life expectancy of about 20 years-during its lifespan if the emission standards change and the bus can no longer satisfy the requirements then it has to be phased out or upgraded to comply with the emission requirements-which costs money and time thus leading to financial and service losses. The objective of a decision maker while investing is to optimize the returns of investments-low costs and lower emissions. This paper will look at the Brisbane Transport as a case study-the aim of this paper is to perform comparative technology assessment and based on that provide recommendations to the Brisbane Transport fleet manager during the selection of new buses, in order to attain the 2026 patronage and emissions targets set by Brisbane.
{"title":"Trends in emission standards and the implications for bus fleet management: Technology assessment for Brisbane Transport","authors":"A. Patil, Kerry Brown","doi":"10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INFRA.2008.5439637","url":null,"abstract":"Cities around the world have set ambitious emissions reduction targets. They are promoting public transport in order to reduce urban pollution from the transportation sector. Cleaner and less polluting city transit buses are paramount if cities are to attain their ambitious emissions reduction targets, as transit buses are high usage vehicles that operate in heavily congested areas where air quality improvements and reductions in public exposure to harmful air contaminants are critical. Decision to invest in a new bus is based on the cost, technology and emission standards. Frequent changes in the emission standards and evolution of bus technology adds to the uncertainty in decision making. A bus has a life expectancy of about 20 years-during its lifespan if the emission standards change and the bus can no longer satisfy the requirements then it has to be phased out or upgraded to comply with the emission requirements-which costs money and time thus leading to financial and service losses. The objective of a decision maker while investing is to optimize the returns of investments-low costs and lower emissions. This paper will look at the Brisbane Transport as a case study-the aim of this paper is to perform comparative technology assessment and based on that provide recommendations to the Brisbane Transport fleet manager during the selection of new buses, in order to attain the 2026 patronage and emissions targets set by Brisbane.","PeriodicalId":207041,"journal":{"name":"2008 First International Conference on Infrastructure Systems and Services: Building Networks for a Brighter Future (INFRA)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132432090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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